JP6396662B2 - 冷凍装置および冷凍機の制御装置 - Google Patents
冷凍装置および冷凍機の制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 110
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 95
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 26
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003079 width control Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011552 falling film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 101100396755 Spinacia oleracea AHRI gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011555 saturated liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013526 supercooled liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
- F25B1/04—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with compressor of rotary type
- F25B1/053—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with compressor of rotary type of turbine type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
- F25B49/022—Compressor control arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
- F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
- F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
- F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/13—Economisers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/23—Separators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
- F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/02—Compressor control
- F25B2600/025—Compressor control by controlling speed
- F25B2600/0253—Compressor control by controlling speed with variable speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2513—Expansion valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/19—Pressures
- F25B2700/195—Pressures of the condenser
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/19—Pressures
- F25B2700/197—Pressures of the evaporator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2109—Temperatures of a separator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2116—Temperatures of a condenser
- F25B2700/21161—Temperatures of a condenser of the fluid heated by the condenser
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2116—Temperatures of a condenser
- F25B2700/21162—Temperatures of a condenser of the refrigerant at the inlet of the condenser
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
- F25B2700/21171—Temperatures of an evaporator of the fluid cooled by the evaporator
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
Description
《数1》(M+m)/M=1+(Hcl−Hel)/(Heg−Hcl)
《数2》EXV_POS
=[(553×EXV_Cap−48×リフト温度)/100+Offset]×Gain/100+EXV_Os
《数3》擬似蒸発器水量[m3/h]
=定格圧縮機能力[TR]×3024[kcal/h/TR]/擬似定格水温差[℃]/Cpw[kcal/kg/℃]/Dw[kg/m3]
《数4》圧縮機体積流量[m3/min]
=定格体積流量×係数Fc×係数Fd×補正係数FDDC×シュラウドカットモデル補正係数
《数5》吸入質量流量[kg/h]
=圧縮機体積流量[m3/min]×60[min/h]×吸入ガス密度[kg/m3]
《数6》冷凍能力[kJ/kg]
=吸入ガスエンタルピ(Hsg)[kJ/kg]−エコノマイザにおける飽和液のエンタルピ(Hel)[kJ/kg]
《数7》圧縮機能力[TR]=
吸入質量流量[kg/h]×冷凍能力[kJ/kg]/4.1868[kJ/kcal]/3024[kcal/h/TR]
《数8》擬似蒸発器水温差(PE_DT)
=現在の圧縮機能力[TR]×3024[kcal/h/TR]/擬似蒸発器水量[m3/h]/Cpw[kcal/kg/℃]/Dw[kg/m3]
《数9》(M+m)={1+(Hcl−Hel)/(Heg−Hcl)}×M
《数10》実際の蒸発器水温差(E_DT)
=現在の圧縮機能力×3024/現在の実際の蒸発器水量/Cpw/Dw
本開示は、例えばターボチラー等における冷媒制御方法、および、流体(水、ブライン等)の流量状態の検知手段に関する。
本発明の範囲を理解するうえで、“を備える”という語およびこの派生語は、ここでは、オープンエンドな語を意図しており、記載された特徴、要素、構成、群、整数、及び/又はステップの存在を明示するものであるが、記載されていない特徴、要素、構成、群、整数、及び/又はステップの存在を除外するものではない。上述の内容は、“含む”、“有する”という語およびこの派生語のような、同様な意味を持つ語にも当てはまる。また、“部分”“要素”というような語が単数形で記載された場合、単一の部分という意味と、複数の部分という意味の両方の意味をもちうる。
20 チラーコントローラ(制御部、制御装置)
22,222 圧縮機
24 凝縮器
26 第1膨張弁(高段側膨張機構)
28 蒸発器
30 エコノマイザ
32 第2膨張弁(低段側膨張機構)
43 吸入ガイドベーン(容量制御機構)
Claims (11)
- 遠心式の圧縮機と、
開度を変更することで前記圧縮機の容量制御を行う容量制御機構と、
冷媒を減圧する膨張機構と、
前記圧縮機の現在回転数、前記容量制御機構の開度、および現在運転ヘッドのサージ域からの乖離率、をファクターとして求められる圧縮機能力を負荷変動指標の1つとして、前記膨張機構の開度を計算する制御部と、
を備える冷凍装置。 - 2段冷凍サイクルを有するものであって、
前記膨張機構は、高段側膨張機構を含み、
前記制御部は、前記高段側膨張機構を前記膨張機構の開度計算の対象とする、
請求項1に記載の冷凍装置。 - エコノマイザが設けられ、2段冷凍サイクルを有するものであって、
前記膨張機構は、高段側膨張機構を含み、
前記制御部は、前記高段側膨張機構の実際制御開度を、当該冷凍装置の凝縮器の出口液のエンタルピおよび前記エコノマイザの液、ガス飽和エンタルピから求められる前記エコノマイザ内の液ガス重量比率の分だけ補正する、
請求項1に記載の冷凍装置。 - 前記膨張機構は、低段側膨張機構を更に含み、
前記低段側膨張機構に機械式フロート弁が用いられる、
請求項2に記載の冷凍装置。 - 前記膨張機構は、低段側膨張機構を更に含み、
前記低段側膨張機構は、電動制御され、
前記制御部は、前記低段側膨張機構の開度を、前記高段側膨張機構の計算された開度と連動させる、
請求項2に記載の冷凍装置。 - エコノマイザが設けられ、2段冷凍サイクルを有するものであって、
前記制御部は、前記圧縮機能力と、当該冷凍装置の蒸発器および前記エコノマイザのエンタルピ情報から得られる蒸発器能力と、前記蒸発器に供給される冷水の標準設計冷水流量と、から求められる擬似冷水出入口温度差を用いて、前記膨張機構の開度を計算する、
請求項1に記載の冷凍装置。 - 遠心式の圧縮機と、
開度を変更することで前記圧縮機の容量制御を行う容量制御機構と、
前記圧縮機から吐出された冷媒を減圧する膨張機構と、
を有する冷凍機の、制御装置であって、
処理部を備え、
前記処理部は、前記圧縮機の現在回転数、前記容量制御機構の開度、および現在運転ヘッドのサージ域からの乖離率、をファクターとして求められる圧縮機能力を負荷変動指標の1つとして、前記膨張機構の開度を計算する、
制御装置。 - 前記冷凍機は、2段冷凍サイクルを有し、
前記膨張機構は、高段側膨張機構を含むものであって、
前記処理部は、前記高段側膨張機構を前記膨張機構の開度計算の対象とする、
請求項7に記載の制御装置。 - 前記冷凍機は、エコノマイザが設けられ、2段冷凍サイクルを有し、
前記膨張機構は、高段側膨張機構を含むものであって、
前記処理部は、前記高段側膨張機構の実際制御開度を、前記冷凍機の凝縮器の出口液のエンタルピおよび前記エコノマイザの液、ガス飽和エンタルピから求められる前記エコノマイザ内の液ガス重量比率の分だけ補正する、
請求項7に記載の制御装置。 - 前記膨張機構は、低段側膨張機構を更に含み、
前記低段側膨張機構は、電動制御されるものであって、
前記処理部は、前記低段側膨張機構の開度を、前記高段側膨張機構の計算された開度と連動させる、
請求項8に記載の制御装置。 - 前記冷凍機は、エコノマイザが設けられ、2段冷凍サイクルを有するものであって、
前記処理部は、前記圧縮機能力と、前記冷凍機の蒸発器および前記エコノマイザのエンタルピ情報から得られる蒸発器能力と、前記蒸発器に供給される冷水の標準設計冷水流量と、から求められる擬似冷水出入口温度差を用いて、前記膨張機構の開度を計算する、
請求項7に記載の制御装置。
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US201361790596P | 2013-03-15 | 2013-03-15 | |
US61/790,596 | 2013-03-15 |
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JP2014181904A JP2014181904A (ja) | 2014-09-29 |
JP6396662B2 true JP6396662B2 (ja) | 2018-09-26 |
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EP3023716B1 (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2022-05-18 | Hangzhou Sanhua Research Institute Co., Ltd. | Method for controlling vehicle air-conditioning system, and vehicle air-conditioning system |
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