JP6372930B2 - 悪性腫瘍の治療薬 - Google Patents
悪性腫瘍の治療薬 Download PDFInfo
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Description
(a)重鎖CDR1、2、3、軽鎖CDR1、2、および3が、それぞれ配列番号1の31〜35位、50〜66位、99〜104位、153〜165位、182〜188位、および221〜230位で示されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体、(b)重鎖CDR1、2、3、軽鎖CDR1、2、および3が、それぞれ配列番号2の31〜35位、50〜66位、99〜103位、152〜165位、182〜188位、および221〜230位で示されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体、(c)重鎖CDR1、2、3、軽鎖CDR1、2、および3が、それぞれ配列番号3の31〜35位、50〜66位、99〜104位、153〜165位、182〜188位、および221〜229位で示されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体、(d)重鎖CDR1、2、3、軽鎖CDR1、2、および3が、それぞれ配列番号4の31〜35位、50〜66位、99〜104位、153〜165位、182〜188位、および221〜229位で示されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体、(e)重鎖CDR1、2、3、軽鎖CDR1、2、および3が、それぞれ配列番号5の31〜35位、50〜66位、99〜104位、153〜165位、182〜188位、および221〜229位で示されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体、および(f)重鎖CDR1、2、3、軽鎖CDR1、2、および3が、それぞれ配列番号6の31〜35位、50〜66位、99〜104位、153〜165位、182〜188位、および221〜229位で示されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体、からなる群から選ばれる1種以上の抗体、あるいは該抗体の変異体であって、該変異体において該抗体のフレームワークに1または数個の置換、付加もしくは欠失を含むが、該CDRには変異を含まない、変異体を提供する。これらの抗体は、モノクローナル抗体、ポリクローナル抗体、キメラ抗体、ヒト化抗体、ヒト抗体、多機能抗体、二重特異性またはオリゴ特異性(oligospecific)抗体、単鎖抗体、scFV、ダイアボディー、sc(Fv)2(single chain(Fv)2)、およびscFv−Fcから選択される抗体であってもよい。
(a)重鎖CDR1、2、3、軽鎖CDR1、2、および3が、それぞれ配列番号1の31〜35位、50〜66位、99〜104位、153〜165位、182〜188位、および221〜230位で示されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体、(b)重鎖CDR1、2、3、軽鎖CDR1、2、および3が、それぞれ配列番号2の31〜35位、50〜66位、99〜103位、152〜165位、182〜188位、および221〜230位で示されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体、(c)重鎖CDR1、2、3、軽鎖CDR1、2、および3が、それぞれ配列番号3の31〜35位、50〜66位、99〜104位、153〜165位、182〜188位、および221〜229位で示されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体、(d)重鎖CDR1、2、3、軽鎖CDR1、2、および3が、それぞれ配列番号4の31〜35位、50〜66位、99〜104位、153〜165位、182〜188位、および221〜229位で示されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体、(e)重鎖CDR1、2、3、軽鎖CDR1、2、および3が、それぞれ配列番号5の31〜35位、50〜66位、99〜104位、153〜165位、182〜188位、および221〜229位で示されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体、および(f)重鎖CDR1、2、3、軽鎖CDR1、2、および3が、それぞれ配列番号6の31〜35位、50〜66位、99〜104位、153〜165位、182〜188位、および221〜229位で示されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体、からなる群から選ばれる1種以上の抗体、あるいは該抗体の変異体であって、該変異体において該抗体のフレームワークに1または数個の置換、付加もしくは欠失を含むが、該CDRには変異を含まない、変異体であってもよい。これらの抗体は、モノクローナル抗体、ポリクローナル抗体、キメラ抗体、ヒト化抗体、ヒト抗体、多機能抗体、二重特異性またはオリゴ特異性(oligospecific)抗体、単鎖抗体、scFV、ダイアボディー、sc(Fv)2(single chain(Fv)2)、およびscFv−Fcから選択される抗体であってもよい。使用される抗体としては、限定されるものではないが、抗体は、配列番号7の116〜134位および/または216〜230位をエピトープとして有するものが有利に用いられ得る。本明細書において、有利な効果が示されており、安全性および安定性も示されているからである。
(a)配列番号7記載の塩基配列またはそのフラグメント配列を有するポリヌクレオチド;
(b)配列番号8に記載のアミノ酸配列からなるポリペプチドまたはそのフラグメントをコードするポリヌクレオチド;
(c)配列番号8に記載のアミノ酸配列において、1以上のアミノ酸が、置換、付加および欠失からなる群より選択される1つの変異を有する改変体ポリペプチドまたはそのフラグメントであって、生物学的活性を有する改変体ポリペプチドをコードする、ポリヌクレオチド;
(d)配列番号7に記載の塩基配列のスプライス変異体もしくは対立遺伝子変異体またはそのフラグメントである、ポリヌクレオチド;
(e)配列番号8に記載のアミノ酸配列からなるポリペプチドの種相同体またはそのフラグメントをコードする、ポリヌクレオチド;
(f)(a)〜(e)のいずれか1つのポリヌクレオチドにストリンジェント条件下でハイブリダイズし、かつ生物学的活性を有するポリペプチドをコードするポリヌクレオチド;または
(g)(a)〜(e)のいずれか1つのポリヌクレオチドまたはその相補配列に対する同一性が少なくとも70%、少なくとも80%、少なくとも90%、少なくとも95%、少なくとも96%、少なくとも97%、少なくとも98%、または少なくとも99%である塩基配列からなり、かつ、生物学的活性を有するポリペプチドをコードするポリヌクレオチドであり得る。ここで、生物学的活性とは、代表的に、LSRの有する活性またはマーカーとして同じ生物内に存在する他のタンパク質から識別し得ることをいう。
LSRのアミノ酸配列としては、
(a)配列番号8に記載のアミノ酸配列またはそのフラグメントからなる、ポリペプチド;
(b)配列番号8に記載のアミノ酸配列において、1以上のアミノ酸が置換、付加および欠失からなる群より選択される1つの変異を有し、かつ、生物学的活性を有する、ポリペプチド;
(c)配列番号7に記載の塩基配列のスプライス変異体または対立遺伝子変異体によっ
てコードされる、ポリペプチド;
(d)配列番号8に記載のアミノ酸配列の種相同体である、ポリペプチド;または
(e)(a)〜(d)のいずれか1つのポリペプチドに対する同一性が少なくとも70%、少なくとも80%、少なくとも90%、少なくとも95%、少なくとも96%、少なくとも97%、少なくとも98%、または少なくとも99%であるアミノ酸配列を有し、かつ、生物学的活性を有する、ポリペプチド、
であり得る。ここで、生物学的活性とは、代表的に、LSRの有する活性またはマーカーとして同じ生物内に存在する他のタンパク質から識別し得ること(例えば、抗原として用いられる場合特異的エピトープとして機能し得る領域を含むこと)をいう。
抗体が好ましい。
ができる。
が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。本発明のマーカーまたはマーカーの検出剤、検査剤、診断剤(プライマーまたはプローブ等であり得る)にはこのようなタグを結合させてもよい。
成され、その監督官庁により承認を受けた旨が明記される。指示書は、いわゆる添付文書(package insert)であり、通常は紙媒体で提供されるが、それに限定されず、例えば、電子媒体(例えば、インターネットで提供されるホームページ、電子メール)のような形態でも提供され得る。
以下に本発明の好ましい実施形態を説明する。以下に提供される実施形態は、本発明のよりよい理解のために提供されるものであり、本発明の範囲は以下の記載に限定されるべきでないことが理解される。従って、当業者は、本明細書中の記載を参酌して、本発明の範囲内で適宜改変を行うことができることは明らかである。また、本発明の以下の実施形態は単独でも使用されあるいはそれらを組み合わせて使用することができることが理解される。
1つの局面において、本発明は、新規の悪性腫瘍の治療または予防薬を提供する。この治療または予防薬は、LSRの抑制剤、例えば、抗LSR抗体を含む、悪性腫瘍の治療または予防薬である。この治療または予防薬を用いれば、LSR陽性悪性腫瘍を治療または予防することができる。またこの治療または予防薬は、抗体を使用するため、安全性の観点から優れている。
本明細書において用いられる分子生物学的手法、生化学的手法、微生物学的手法は、当該分野において周知であり慣用されるものであり、例えば、Sambrook J. et al.(1989). Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harborおよびその3rd Ed.(2001); Ausubel, F.M.(1987).Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, Greene Pub. Associates and Wiley-Interscience; Ausubel,F.M.(1989). Short Protocols in Molecular Biology: A Compendium of Methods from Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, Greene Pub. Associates and Wiley-Interscience; Innis, M.A.(1990).PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications, Academic Press; Ausubel, F.M.(1992).Short Protocols in Molecular Biology: ACompendium of Methods from Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, Greene Pub. Associates; Ausubel,F.M. (1995).Short Protocols in Molecular Biology: A Compendium of Methods from Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, Greene Pub.Associates; Innis, M.A. et al.(1995).PCR Strategies, Academic Press; Ausubel,F.M.(1999).Short Protocols in Molecular Biology: A Compendium of Methods from Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, Wiley, and annual updates; Sninsky, J.J. et al.(1999). PCR Applications: Protocols for Functional Genomics, Academic Press、別冊実験医学「遺伝子導入&発現解析実験法」羊土社、1997などに記載されており、これらは本明細書において関連する部分(全部であり得る)が参考として援用される。
1.1 iTRAQ法による細胞表面膜タンパク質の定量解析
正常卵巣上皮細胞株(HOSE2C、E7/TERT)に比べて卵巣漿液性腺癌細胞株(OVCAR3、OVSAHO、JHOS4)で高発現する細胞表面膜タンパク質を探索することによって、卵巣癌特異的な癌抗原タンパク質の同定を試みた。まず、150mmシャーレで培養した細胞株に対して、sulfo-NHS-SS-biotinで細胞表面膜タンパク質をビオチン標識した。抽出したタンパク質をNeurto-avidinビーズにて精製した。このとき、サンプル間での誤差を補正するため、sulfo-NHS-SS-biotinで標識したウシ血清アルブミンを内部標準として等量ずつ加え、質量分析計による定量結果の補正に用いた。精製したタンパク質をトリプシンで消化し、iTRAQ試薬で標識した。サンプルを1つに混合し、イオン交換HPLCにて24個のフラクションに粗分画し、それぞれの分画を脱塩後、質量分析計(nanoLC-MS/MS)解析にて測定した。得られたデータをproteome discoverer ver1.1にてデータベースサーチすることで、タンパク質の同定と定量を行った。なお、実施例で使用した卵巣癌手術組織は、大阪大学医学部附属病院にてインフォームドコンセントについて同意を得た患者より提供していただいた。
正常卵巣上皮細胞株(HOSE2C)、卵巣漿液性腺癌細胞株(OVCAR3、OVSAHO、JHOS4)、卵巣明細胞線癌細胞株(OVTOKO、OVMANA、OVISE、RGMI)、正常子宮内膜細胞株(E6/E7/TERT)および子宮内膜癌(HEC1、HEC1A、HEC6、HEC88nu、HEC108、HEC116、HEC251、SNGM)のRNAを、それぞれRNeasymini kit (QIAGEN)で精製した。さらに、QuantiTect Reverse Transcription Kit (Qiagen)を用いてcDNAへ逆転写した。RT-PCRを、TaKaRaEx Taq DNA polymerase(Takara Bio, Shiga, Japan)を用いて行った。RT-PCRには、以下の配列のプライマーを用いた。
LSR:
forward primer5’-GGGAGGACCTCAGGGGTGGC-3’ (配列番号17)、および
reverse primer5’-TGGTGGGGGTGGGGTCTTGG-3’ (配列番号18)
β-actin:
forward primer5’-AGCCTCGCCTTTGCCGA-3’ (配列番号19)、および
reverse primer5’-CTGGTGCCTGGGGCG-3’ (配列番号20)
以上の結果を図1〜3に示す。卵巣漿液性腺癌細胞株OVCAR3、OVSAHO、JHOS4、卵巣明細胞線癌細胞株OVMANA、OVISE、RGMI、および子宮内膜癌細胞株HEC1、HEC1A、HEC6、HEC88nu、HEC108、HEC116、HEC251、SNGMにおいて、LSRmRNAに相当するバンドが検出された。正常卵巣上皮細胞株では、HOSE2Cでは検出されなかった。
正常卵巣上皮細胞株(HOSE2C)、卵巣漿液性腺癌細胞株(OVCAR3、OVSAHO、SKOV3、JHOS2、JHOS4)、卵巣明細胞線癌細胞株(OVTOKO、OVMANA、OVISE、RGMI)、正常子宮内膜細胞株(E6/E7/TERT)および子宮内膜癌(HEC1、HEC1A、HEC6、HEC88nu、HEC108、HEC116、HEC251、SNGM)から得られた10μgのタンパク質を、それぞれSDS-PAGE(5-20%グラジェントゲル(和光純薬))にアプライした。次に、40mAで50min泳動し、PVDF膜に120mA、1時間転写した。転写後、1%BSA/TBST (TBS+ 0.1% Tween20)にて室温で1時間ブロッキングし、抗LSR抗体(Santa Cruz Biotechnology)で、室温で1時間インキュベートした。TBSTで10分間、3回ずつ洗浄した後、TBSTで5,000倍希釈したHRP標識抗ウサギ抗体(GE healhcare)を用いてPVDF膜を室温で1時間インキュベートした。PVDF膜をTBSTで10分間、3回ずつ洗浄した後、蛍光反応システム(PerkinElmer社)により、反応したタンパク質を検出した。
2.1 ヒトLSR発現ニワトリ細胞株の作製とニワトリへの免疫
ヒトLSRのcDNA(配列番号7)をほ乳動物発現ベクター(pcDNA3.1-V5/His-TOPO)にクローニングし、LSR発現ベクターを作成した。このLSR発現ベクターは、ヒトLSRのC末端にV5/Hisタグが融合した融合タンパク質をコードする。次に、LSR発現ベクターをニワトリリンパ芽球様細胞株にエレクトロポレーション法でトランスフェクトした後、2mg/mlのG418を添加して発現細胞の選択をおこなった。得られたLSR発現細胞株をニワトリに過免疫した。抗体価の測定はフローサイトメトリ(FACS)解析にて実施した。FACS解析に関してはFACSCalibur(BD、USA)のプロトコ ルに従った。
免疫をおこなったニワトリから脾臓を摘出した後、リンパ球を分離した。得られたリンパ球からRNAを抽出してcDNAの合成を行い、scFvファージ抗体ライブラリーを作製した。scFvファージ抗体ライブラリーの作製に関しては、"Nakamura et al., J Vet Med Sci. 2004 Jul;66(7):807-14"に記載の手法に従った。
scFvファージ抗体ライブラリーをLSR非発現細胞株に添加して非特異ファージの吸収操作をおこなった後、LSR発現細胞株と反応させた。Lot1はほ乳類細胞株を用い、Lot2は免疫に使用したニワトリリンパ芽球様細胞株を用いてセルパニングを行った。有機溶媒で洗浄後、LSR発現細胞株に特異的に結合したファージを回収し、大腸菌に感染させた。4回パニングをおこなった後、ライブラリーの反応性をLSR発現細胞株を用いたFACS解析で確認した。反応性が最も上昇していたライブラリーからファージのクローニングを行い、陽性クローンを選択した後、6種のクローンについて配列を決定した(配列番号1〜6、図9)。セルパニングに関しては、"Giordano et al., Nat Med. 2001 Nov;7(11):1249-53."に記載の方法に従った。
scFvファージ抗体をコードするDNA鎖を鋳型にして、ニワトリ由来抗体遺伝子のVH、VLのPCR増幅を行った後、マウス/ニワトリキメラ(IgG2a)発現ベクター(H鎖:pcDNA3.1、L鎖:pcDNA4(Invitrogen))へクローニングした。作製したH鎖、L鎖のコンストラクトをほ乳類培養細胞にトランスフェクトした後、発現した抗体(抗LSRマウス/ニワトリキメラモノクローナル抗体)の精製をProteinG Sepharose(GE)を用いておこなった。以上により、6種の抗LSR抗体のクローンを得た(#9-7、#16-6、No.26-2、No.27-6、No.1-25、No.1-43)。組換えに関しては、"Tateishi et al., J Vet Med Sci. 2008 Apr;70(4):397-400."に記載の手法に従った。
上記2.4で得られた抗LSR抗体から5種(#1−25、#9-7、#16-6、No.26-2、No.27-6)を用いて、各種卵巣癌細胞株への反応性を、FACS解析により調査した。その結果を図10〜14に示す。卵巣漿液性腺癌細胞株(OVSAHO、JHOS2)、および卵巣明細胞線癌細胞株(RGM-I、OVISE)において、抗LSR抗体の有無によって、有意なシフト差が見られた。
卵巣癌(84)症例の組織に対して、LSRの発現を免疫組織化学染色により解析した。1次抗体はcloud clone社(PAD744Hu01)を使用し、Dako ChemMate ENVISION Kit/HRP (DAB)-universal kit (K5007)を用いて染色した。
PepStarTMペプチドマイクロアレイはJPT Peptide Technologies (GmbH)より入手したガラススライド上に作成した。LSRの細胞外ドメインの領域に対して、10アミノ酸ずつオーバーラップした15-merのオーバーラッピングペプチドを合成し、ガラススライドに固相化した。精製リコンビナント抗体のペプチドへの結合は説明書に従って実施したが一部変更点を含めた(www.jpt.com)。一次抗体は1.0 μg/mLの濃度で反応させ、TBST(50 mM TBS-buffer including 0.1% Tween20, pH 7.2)でガラススライドを洗浄した。次に、Cy5標識ヤギ抗ニワトリIgY (Jackson Immuno Research)を用いて反応し、TBSTで5回、ガラススライドをddH2Oで5回洗浄した。ガラススライドはアルゴンガスを穏やかに吹き付けることで乾燥させた。蛍光シグナルはGenePix 4200AL scanner (Molecular Devices)を用いて、10 μmの解像度で検出した。
抗LSR抗体がマウスLSRと交差反応することを調べるため、COS7細胞にマウスLSR発現ベクターあるいはコントロールベクターをトランスフェクションし、本実施例で調製される抗LSR抗体各種クローンとの反応性をFACSにて解析した。結果を図40に示す。その結果、いずれのクローンもマウスLSRと交差反応を示すことが明らかとなった。このように、抗LSR抗体がマウスLSRと交差することは、安全性試験の動物にマウスを用いることが出来る事になる。実際の急性毒性試験は図52以降で実施しているのでこれらを参照されたい。
卵巣漿液性腺癌組織、および子宮内膜癌組織のパラフィン包埋組織の薄切に対して、脱パラフィン処理、アルコールによる脱水を行った。次に、抗LSR抗体(#1-25、または#9-7)を用いて、ABC法で、LSRに対する免疫組織化学染色を行った。その結果を図15〜17に示す。卵巣漿液性腺癌組織、および子宮内膜癌組織においてLSRが腫瘍部位に高発現していた。
FDA standard human tissue microarray(T6234701-2,Biochain)を抗LSR抗体#1-25を用いて免疫組織化学染色を実施した。各種正常組織の内、肝臓と精巣にてLSRの発現が見られた(図36,37)。
RMG-I細胞に対して、各種抗LSR抗体を様々な濃度で反応させ、ヤギ抗マウスIgG-FITC (Southern Biotech, Birmingham, AL, USA)を用いて染色し、FACSCanto II cytometer (Becton Dickinson)を用いて解析した。FITCの蛍光強度はGraphPadPrism Software Version 6.0 for Windows (GraphPad Software Inc., San Diego, CA, USA)を用いてKD値を解析した。結果を図37Bに示す。作製したLSR抗体の結合能をFACSで解析したところ、結合能の高い抗体が得られた。この中で最も結合能が高いクローン2種類を用いて以後の解析に用いた。(図37B)。#9−7はKD=2.52nM、#1−25はKD=2.03nM、#16−6はKD=2.33nM、#26−2はKD=4.04nM、#27−6はKD=4.29nM、#1−43はKD=24.62nMであった。
卵巣明細胞線癌(RMG-I)を6ウェルプレートに15,000cells/wellまき、37℃のCO2インキュベーターにて一晩インキュベートした。培養上清を捨て、RPMI 1640 medium (1% FBS, 1% penicillin-streptomycin含有)で希釈した100μg/mlの抗LSR抗体あるいはマウスIgG2aを2mL/wellずつ加えた。96時間後にCycle Test Plus DNA Reagent kits (BD Biosciences)を用いて細胞周期解析を行った。
卵巣明細胞線癌(RMG-I)を6ウェルプレートに15,000cells/wellまき、37℃のCO2インキュベーターにて一晩インキュベートした。培養上清を捨て、RPMI 1640 medium (1% FBS, 1% penicillin-streptomycin含有)で希釈した100μg/mlの抗LSR抗体あるいはマウスIgG2aを2mL/wellずつ加えた。96時間後にRIPA buffer (10 mM Tris-HCl,pH 7.5, 150 mM NaCl, 1% Nonidet P-40, 0.1% sodiumdeoxycholate, 0.1% SDS, 1× phosphatase inhibitorcocktail (Nacalai Tesque) and 1× protease inhibitorcocktail (Nacalai Tesque))を用いてタンパク質抽出を行い、ウェスタンブロット法によりタンパク質発現差の解析を行った。一次抗体は以下のものを用いた。抗LSR抗体(sc-133765)、抗GAPDH抗体(sc-25778) (Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA))、抗cyclin D1抗体(#2926), 抗p27抗体(#3686), 抗phospho-Rb(Ser780)抗体(#9307), 抗phospho-Rb抗体(Ser807/811) (#9308)、抗Rb抗体(#9313), 抗phospho-p44/42 MAPK(Erk1/2) (Thr202/Tyr204)抗体(#4370), 抗p44/42 MAPK (Erk1/2)抗体(#4695), 抗phospho-MEK1/2 (Ser217/221) 抗体(#9154)、抗MEK1/2抗体(#9126) (Cell Signaling Technology)
<実施例3>LSR陽性悪性腫瘍の増殖抑制
3.1 抗LSR抗体による増殖阻害アッセイ
卵巣明細胞線癌(RMG-I)を96ウェルプレートに1000cells/wellまき、37℃のCO2インキュベーターにて一晩インキュベートした。96ウェルプレートの細胞上清を捨て、抗LSR抗体(#9-7、または#1-25)の希釈液(0μg/ml、1μg/ml、10μg/ml、100μg/ml)を100μL/wellずつ加えた。72時間後にWST-8アッセイ法によって細胞増殖アッセイを行った。また、コントロールとして、非抗LSR抗体であるマウスIgG2(biolegend社、400224、MOPC-173)を使用した。結果を図18、19に示す。抗LSR抗体を接触させることによって、卵巣癌細胞(RMG-I)の増殖が抑制された。
卵巣明細胞線癌(RMG-I)を6ウェルプレートに15,000cells/wellまき、37℃のCO2インキュベーターにて一晩インキュベートした。6ウェルプレートの細胞上清を除き、RPMI 1640 培地(1% FBSおよび1% penicillin-streptomycin含有)で100μg/mlの濃度に希釈した抗LSR抗体(#1-25)を2mL/wellずつ加えた。また、コントロールとして、非抗LSR抗体であるマウスIgG2(biolegend社、400224、MOPC-173)を使用した。抗体添加後、96時間後にCycle Test Plus DNA Reagent kits (BD Biosciences)を用いて細胞内のDNAを染色し、FACSCanto flow cytometerを用いて細胞周期解析を実施した。
卵巣明細胞線癌(RMG-I)を6ウェルプレートに15,000cells/wellまき、37℃のCO2インキュベーターにて一晩インキュベートした。6ウェルプレートの細胞上清を除き、RPMI 1640 培地(1% FBSおよび1% penicillin-streptomycin含有)で100μg/mlの濃度に希釈した抗LSR抗体(#1-25)を2mL/wellずつ加えた。また、コントロールとして、非抗LSR抗体であるマウスIgG2(biolegend社、400224、MOPC-173)を使用した。抗体添加後、72時間後にタンパク質を抽出し、ウェスタンブロット法により細胞周期に関連するタンパク質の発現変動を各種抗体(anti-cyclin D1 (#2926), anti-p27 (#3686), anti-phospho-Rb(Ser780) (#9307), anti-phospho-Rb (Ser807/811) (#9308), anti-Rb (#9313), anti-phospho-p44/42 MAPK (Erk1/2) (Thr202/Tyr204) (#4370), anti-p44/42 MAPK (Erk1/2) (#4695), anti-phospho-MEK1/2 (Ser217/221)(#9154),anti-MEK1/2 (#9126) (Cell Signaling Technology)を用いて解析した。
上記2.4で得られた抗LSR抗体について、上述のようにエピトープを解析して具体的に同定した。また、エピトープを特定した抗LSR抗体について、LSR陽性悪性腫瘍の増殖抑制効果を調べる。その結果、特定のエピトープを認識する抗LSR抗体は、他のエピトープを認識する抗LSR抗体に比べて、顕著にLSR陽性悪性腫瘍の増殖を抑制すると理解される。
卵巣漿液性腺癌細胞(OVSAHO)を96ウェルプレートに1000cells/wellまき、37℃のCO2インキュベーターにて一晩インキュベートした。96ウェルプレートの細胞上清を捨て、lipofectamine2000でsiRNAをトランスフェクションした。120時間後にWST-8アッセイ法によって細胞増殖アッセイを行った。LSR siRNA、およびnegative control siRNAはQIAGEN社より入手した。LSR siRNAは、LSR mRNAに相補的なRNA配列(LSR siRNA 1:配列番号9、LSRsiRNA 2:配列番号10)を有している。結果を図21に示す。LSR siRNAを接触させることによって、卵巣癌細胞(OVSAHO)の増殖が抑制された。
実施例に記載のLSR安定発現細胞では脂質(コレステロール)の取り込みが亢進するかどうかを確認し、VLDL代謝を亢進させるかどうかを確認したのち、LSR抗体投与下により、VLDLによる代謝の亢進が阻害されるかどうかを確認した。
Scidマウス(6週齢、メス)皮下に卵巣明細胞腺癌細胞株RMG-Iを1x106cells/100μl (PBS:マトリゲル=1:1)で移植した。移植後14日目にマウスを2群に分け、抗LSR抗体(#1-25)あるいはisotype control抗体(MouseIgG2a、M7769、Sigma)を10mg/kg週2回の頻度で計6回、腹腔内に投与した(図25)。RMG-I移植マウスは抗体投与開始後25日目に解剖し、腫瘍重量も計測した。腫瘍体積=長径x短径x高さより計算した。
NOD/Scidマウス(6週齢、メス)皮下に卵巣明細胞腺癌細胞株RMG-Iを1x106cells/100μl (PBS:マトリゲル=1:1)で移植した。移植後14日目にマウスを2群に分け、抗LSR抗体(#1-25)あるいはisotype control抗体(MouseIgG2a、M7769、Sigma)を10mg/kg週2回の頻度で計6回、腹腔内に投与した(図43)。RMG-I移植マウスは抗体投与開始後25日目に解剖し、腫瘍重量も計測した。腫瘍体積=長径x短径x高さより計算した。
また、腫瘍組織を抗Ki-67抗体で免疫組織化学染色を行った結果、control IgG投与群と比較して抗LSR抗体投与群ではKi-67陽性細胞数の有意な減少が認められたことから、抗LSR抗体はin vivoにおいて細胞周期の停止を誘導する活性を示していることが明らかとなった。(図45)。
Scidマウス(6週齢、メス)皮下にLSR陰性の卵巣漿液性腺癌細胞株であるSKOV3にLSRを安定発現させたSKOV3-L45あるいは空ベクターを遺伝子導入したSKOV3-E1を5x105cells/100μl (PBS:マトリゲル=1:1)で移植した。移植後14日目にマウスを2群に分け、抗LSR抗体(#1-25)あるいはisotypecontrol抗体(MouseIgG2a、M7769、Sigma)を10mg/kg一日おきの頻度で計8回、腹腔内に投与した(図46)。マウスは抗体投与開始後18日目に解剖し、腫瘍重量も計測した。腫瘍体積=長径x短径x高さより計算した。
次に、本発明の抗体について安全性試験を行った。抗LSR抗体 #1-25はマウスLSRとも交差反応を示すため、マウスに投与したときの急性毒性試験を実施した。C57BL/6J(8w)マウスの雄、雌それぞれにマウスIgG2a(sigma, M7769)あるいは抗LSR抗体 #1-25を1mg腹腔内投与し、7日目にマウスを解剖し、脳、心臓、腎臓、肝臓、肺、脾臓を摘出しHE染色による病理解析を実施した。また、採血を行い、自動血球計測装置(VetScan HMII)、動物用生化学血液分析器(VetScanVS2)を用いて解析した(図52)。その結果、血球数のデータにおいて両者に有意な変化は認められなかった(図53、54)。同様に血液生化学データにおいても両者に有意な変化は認められなかった(図55、56)。このことから抗LSR抗体 #1-25は毒性が少なく安全性が高いことが理解される。
配列番号2:抗LSR抗体16−6配列
配列番号3:抗LSR抗体26−2配列
配列番号4:抗LSR抗体27−6配列
配列番号5:抗LSR抗体1−25配列
配列番号6:抗LSR抗体1−43配列
配列番号7:ヒトLSRタンパク質配列(NP_991403.1)
配列番号8:ヒトLSR核酸配列(NM_205834.3)
配列番号9:LSR siRNA 1のコア配列(ガイド配列)
配列番号10:LSR siRNA 2コア配列(ガイド配列)
配列番号11:LSR siRNA 1のコア配列(ガイド配列)のアンチセンス配列
配列番号12:LSR siRNA 2コア配列(ガイド配列)のアンチセンス配列
配列番号13:LSR siRNA 1のセンス全長配列
配列番号14:LSR siRNA 2のセンス全長配列
配列番号15:LSR siRNA 1のアンチセンス全長配列
配列番号16:LSR siRNA 2のアンチセンス全長配列
配列番号17:LSRフォワードプライマー配列
配列番号18:LSRリバースプライマー配列
配列番号19:β−アクチンフォワードプライマー配列
配列番号20:β−アクチンリバースプライマー配列
Claims (15)
- LSR(Lipolysis stimulated lipoprotein receptor)の抑制剤を含む、LSR陽性悪性腫瘍を発症していると判断された患者における該LSR陽性悪性腫瘍の治療薬であって、該抑制剤は、抗LSR(Lipolysis stimulated lipoprotein receptor)抗体またはその抗原結合性断片を含み、該抗LSR抗体は、配列番号7の116〜134位および/または216〜230位をエピトープとして有し、該LSR陽性悪性腫瘍が卵巣癌を含む、LSR陽性悪性腫瘍の治療薬。
- 前記抗LSR抗体は、VLDLによる亢進阻害能をも有する抗体である、請求項1に記載の悪性腫瘍の治療薬。
- 前記抗LSR抗体は、
(a)重鎖CDR1、2、3、軽鎖CDR1、2、および3が、それぞれ配列番号1の31〜35位、50〜66位、99〜104位、153〜165位、182〜188位、および221〜230位で示されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体、
(b)重鎖CDR1、2、3、軽鎖CDR1、2、および3が、それぞれ配列番号2の31〜35位、50〜66位、99〜103位、152〜165位、182〜188位、および221〜230位で示されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体、
(c)重鎖CDR1、2、3、軽鎖CDR1、2、および3が、それぞれ配列番号3の31〜35位、50〜66位、99〜104位、153〜165位、182〜188位、および221〜229位で示されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体、
(d)重鎖CDR1、2、3、軽鎖CDR1、2、および3が、それぞれ配列番号4の31〜35位、50〜66位、99〜104位、153〜165位、182〜188位、および221〜229位で示されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体、
(e)重鎖CDR1、2、3、軽鎖CDR1、2、および3が、それぞれ配列番号5の31〜35位、50〜66位、99〜104位、153〜165位、182〜188位、および221〜229位で示されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体、および
(f)重鎖CDR1、2、3、軽鎖CDR1、2、および3が、それぞれ配列番号6の31〜35位、50〜66位、99〜104位、153〜165位、182〜188位、および221〜229位で示されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体、
からなる群から選ばれる1種以上の抗体、あるいは該抗体の変異体であって、該変異体において該抗体のフレームワークに1または数個の置換、付加もしくは欠失を含むが、該CDRには変異を含まない、変異体である、請求項1または2に記載の治療薬。 - 前記抗LSR抗体の抗体クラスは、IgGである、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の治療薬。
- 前記抗LSR抗体は、モノクローナル抗体、ポリクローナル抗体、キメラ抗体、ヒト化抗体、ヒト抗体、多機能抗体、二重特異性またはオリゴ特異性(oligospecific)抗体、単鎖抗体、scFV、ダイアボディー、sc(Fv)2(single chain(Fv)2)、およびscFv−Fcから選択される抗体である、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の治療薬。
- 前記抗LSR抗体は、1.0×10 -7 M以下の結合定数でLSRに結合する、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の治療薬。
- 前記卵巣癌は、再発性卵巣癌である、請求項1に記載の治療薬。
- 前記悪性腫瘍は早期卵巣癌である、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の治療薬。
- 前記卵巣癌は、卵巣漿液性腺癌または卵巣明細胞腺癌である、請求項1に記載の治療薬。
- LSRの検出剤を含む、悪性腫瘍を有する患者において、LSRを標的とした悪性腫瘍治療が有効であるかどうか判断するためのコンパニオン診断薬であって、該LSRの検出剤は抗LSR抗体またはその抗原結合性断片を含み、該抗LSR抗体は、配列番号7の116〜134位および/または216〜230位をエピトープとして有し、該LSR陽性悪性腫瘍が卵巣癌を含む、コンパニオン診断薬。
- (a)重鎖CDR1、2、3、軽鎖CDR1、2、および3が、それぞれ配列番号1の31〜35位、50〜66位、99〜104位、153〜165位、182〜188位、および221〜230位で示されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体、
(b)重鎖CDR1、2、3、軽鎖CDR1、2、および3が、それぞれ配列番号2の31〜35位、50〜66位、99〜103位、152〜165位、182〜188位、および221〜230位で示されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体、
(c)重鎖CDR1、2、3、軽鎖CDR1、2、および3が、それぞれ配列番号3の31〜35位、50〜66位、99〜104位、153〜165位、182〜188位、および221〜229位で示されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体、
(d)重鎖CDR1、2、3、軽鎖CDR1、2、および3が、それぞれ配列番号4の31〜35位、50〜66位、99〜104位、153〜165位、182〜188位、および221〜229位で示されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体、
(e)重鎖CDR1、2、3、軽鎖CDR1、2、および3が、それぞれ配列番号5の31〜35位、50〜66位、99〜104位、153〜165位、182〜188位、および221〜229位で示されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体、および
(f)重鎖CDR1、2、3、軽鎖CDR1、2、および3が、それぞれ配列番号6の31〜35位、50〜66位、99〜104位、153〜165位、182〜188位、および221〜229位で示されるアミノ酸配列を含む抗体、
からなる群から選ばれる1種以上の抗体、あるいは該抗体の変異体であって、該変異体において該抗体のフレームワークに1または数個の置換、付加もしくは欠失を含むが、該CDRには変異を含まない、変異体。 - 前記抗LSR抗体は、モノクローナル抗体、ポリクローナル抗体、キメラ抗体、ヒト化抗体、ヒト抗体、多機能抗体、二重特異性またはオリゴ特異性(oligospecific)抗体、単鎖抗体、scFV、ダイアボディー、sc(Fv)2(single chain(Fv)2)、およびscFv−Fcから選択される抗体である、請求項11に記載の抗体または該抗体の変異体。
- 配列番号7の216〜230位をエピトープとして有する、抗LSR抗体またはその抗原結合性断片。
- さらに細胞殺傷性薬剤を含む、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の治療薬。
- LSR(Lipolysis stimulated lipoprotein receptor)の結合剤を含む、LSR陽性悪性腫瘍を発症していると判断された患者における該LSR陽性悪性腫瘍の治療の予後不良の診断剤であって、該結合剤は、抗LSR(Lipolysis stimulated lipoprotein receptor)抗体またはその抗原結合性断片を含み、該LSR陽性悪性腫瘍が卵巣癌を含む、診断剤。
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FR2767135B1 (fr) | 1997-08-06 | 2002-07-12 | Genset Sa | Recepteur complexe lsr, activite, clonage, et application au diagnostic, a la prevention et/ou au traitement de d'obesite et des risques ou complications associes |
US6506559B1 (en) | 1997-12-23 | 2003-01-14 | Carnegie Institute Of Washington | Genetic inhibition by double-stranded RNA |
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