JP6346369B1 - Safety fence for reinforced earthwork - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to ensure the safety of workers when assembling a wall material or leveling and compacting a manpowered embankment, which is a work in the vicinity of a wall material of a vertical or close gradient in a reinforced earth wall work. [Solution] In a reinforced earth wall construction, a connecting portion provided on a wall surface material is used for a purpose other than the intended purpose in consideration of its strength. And a safety fence provided with a supporting column portion standing on the connecting portion and a handrail portion extending substantially horizontally between the supporting column portions. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a safety measure during construction of a reinforced earth wall construction.

  "Reinforced earth wall is a retaining wall by connecting the reinforcing material laid in the embankment with a vertical or nearly vertical wall surface material and keeping the balance between the earth pressure acting on the wall surface material and the pull-out resistance of the reinforcing material. It is an earthwork structure that keeps stability as a roadway earthwork-retaining wall guideline 2012 edition Japan Road Association p223.

  Among the reinforced earth walls, the reinforced earth wall according to the present invention uses a concrete wall material and a steel belt-like reinforcing material.

  Reinforced soil walls are ones in which embankment materials, reinforcement materials, and wall materials are mutually restrained and stabilized, and the construction procedure is to form wall surfaces as reinforced soil wall works after construction such as drainage works and foundation works. The laying of the reinforcing material, the unloading and compacting of the embankment material are repeated (the above-mentioned document p274).

  More specifically, the construction procedure is as follows. After the wall material is lifted by a crane, it is hung at a predetermined position, and is assembled while adjusting the gradient of the wall surface manually according to the structure type. Lay reinforcements according to the embankment surface. Next, the embankment material is spread and leveled so that the finished thickness per layer is 20 cm to 30 cm or less, and is compacted. As a precaution in that case, within 1.0m of the wall surface, the flooring is done with heavy machinery, and compaction is not performed and it is performed manually. It is because it affects the construction accuracy of the wall surface.

  The safety measures of the present invention relate to fall prevention during wall surface assembly in the construction procedure, and leveling and compacting of the embankment by human power in the vicinity of the wall surface. As a safety measure in the opening portion of the wall panel (wall material), there is an invention provided with a grip portion that is detachably fixed and a horizontal handrail provided on the front side of the opening portion (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-188170), with the opening portion interposed therebetween. There is an invention of a fence that hooks hooks of at least two hook-shaped locking devices respectively on the upper end of the wall surface material and locks the rod-shaped member that crosses the opening to the hook-shaped locking device (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-154085). issue). However, in these prior arts, the safety fence outside the wall surface of the wall material is not sufficient as a safety measure for work, and when assembling the wall material that is the most dangerous work, the wall material is connected (reinforcing material connecting bracket). ) There is a problem such as the fact that the part is obstructed, so the fence must be removed. Moreover, it cannot be a safety measure such as leveling the embankment material and preventing rolling from the wall material during compaction to the connected projection.

JP 2005-188170 A JP 2012-154085 A

“Road earthwork retaining wall guideline (2012 edition)” published by Japan Road Association "Reinforced soil (Tail Arme) wall construction method design and construction manual 4th revised edition (August 2014)" published by Civil Engineering Research Center

  The problem to be solved is to ensure the safety of workers at the time of assembling wall materials, leveling and compacting manually, which is work in the vicinity of the wall material in the vertical direction or near the wall material in the reinforced earthwork.

  The present invention uses the connection provided on the wall surface material for the purpose of reinforcing earth wall construction, considering the strength of the wall surface material when opening the wall surface material. The present invention provides a safety fence including a column portion standing on the connecting portion and a handrail portion laid substantially horizontally between the column portions.

  In reinforced earth wall construction, the safety fence of the present invention becomes a handrail for workers or a safety belt installation fence when assembling a wall surface material in the vicinity of a wall material having a vertical or near gradient, and serves as a safety measure during work. In addition, when leveling and compacting work on the embankment around the wall material, the worker is protected from danger caused by the operator's sowing and contact with the connective projection from the wall material to the embankment side.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view provided with a safety fence of the present invention. Example 1 FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing details of the connecting portion and the column portion. Example 1 FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing details of the connecting portion and the column portion. Example 1 FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing details of the support column and the handrail. Example 1 FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the installation procedure of the safety fence of the present invention. Example 1 FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram when the wall surface material is built. Example 1 FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a human-powered earthwork department and the like. Example 1 FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing an example of a reinforcing portion. (Example 2) FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing a construction procedure of the reinforced earth wall construction. FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing the structure of a general concrete wall material connecting.

  9 (1) to 9 (3) show an outline of the construction procedure of the reinforced earth wall construction. After assembling the wall material 1 of a in the state of FIG. 9 (1), unloading the 13 of the embankment material on the embankment surface 14, spreading and compacting, and after embedding the embankment to the embankment surface of FIG. 9 (2), As shown in FIG. 9 (2), the end of the reinforcing material 12 is attached to the connective 11, and the reinforcing material is laid on the embankment surface. Thereafter, by proceeding with the embankment work in the same manner as described above, when the embankment surface is in the state of FIG. 9 (3), the wall material of b is assembled. This operation is repeated to raise the embankment surface to a predetermined height.

  The wall surface material opening is a portion sandwiched between existing wall materials in which the next wall material 1 shown in FIG. 9 (1) or FIG. 9 (3) is built during the above construction. The state before the assembly is said to be when the wall material is open, but there is always an opening during the construction of the reinforced earth wall. However, it is the most dangerous state for an operator before the new wall surface material is built in which the embankment surface 14 is the highest in the same wall surface assembled state during construction. 9 (1), the compaction operation with a heavy machine is carefully performed by human power because there is a risk of the wall material to fall forward at a location 18 of 1 m near the wall surface. This place is the place where the traffic of workers is the most remarkable, including the entrance and exit of the workers during the wall material assembly work.

  There are various structures of the connective 11 (referring to a connecting metal fitting for connecting the wall material and the reinforcing material; the same shall apply hereinafter) protruding from the wall material 1, and the installation interval is a reinforcement designed according to the field conditions. Although it is determined by the arrangement of the material 12, it is a regular arrangement taking into consideration the workability of laying of the reinforcing material and the leveling and compacting of the embankment material 13 thereafter. As a general arrangement example, as shown in FIG. 9 (4-1) to FIG. 9 (4-4), four picks, six picks, eight picks, twelve picks, etc. (Non-patent Documents 2p49 to p50) There is. With regard to the structure, depending on the width and thickness of the reinforcing material, a single steel plate type as shown in FIG. 10 (1) side wall material side view and FIG. 10 (2) wall surface material plan view, FIG. 10 (3) and (4 There is a type in which a reinforcing material is sandwiched between two steel plates as shown in FIG. Further, there are one type (FIG. 10 (3)) and two types (FIG. 10 (1)) of the connecting bolt insertion hole 16 of the connective. Since the connecting bracket 15 such as a connecting bolt is 12 mm to 16 mm, the connecting bolt insertion hole has a diameter of about 15 mm to 18 mm.

  Since the present invention relates to safety measures in reinforced earth wall construction, for the examples and the like, the wall surface material 1 shall be expressed simply, and the dowel, its penetration hole, horizontal joint material, permeable sand control material, reinforcement Description and illustration of the ribs of the material are omitted. Moreover, an Example describes as an example what was installed in the 4 picking of the connective 11. FIG. If necessary, describe items with a large number of installations. Regarding the support column 4 and the handrail unit 5, an embodiment based on a circular pipe is shown. However, regarding the support column, in addition to the circular tube, the strength of the support as a shape pipe such as a square pipe, a grooved steel, or an angle steel. What is necessary is just to have. Regarding handrails, there are bar materials, etc. in addition to circular tubes.

  FIG. 1 is an installation situation diagram of the safety fence 2 of the present invention. The connecting portion 3 is mounted on the connective 11 protruding from the wall surface material 1 and is locked by the connecting pin 33. The support column 4 is erected on the support column base 31 of the connecting portion. A safety fence provided with a handrail portion 5 that is supported by the handrail receiving portion 41 and is installed horizontally between the support columns is provided throughout the wall surface (on the embankment surface 14 side). This figure shows a situation where the wall surface is installed during the construction period in consideration of safety measures at the time of embankment construction as well as during wall surface material assembly.

  2 and 3 show details of the installation state of the connecting portion 3 and the support column 4 in the connective 11. A safety fence 2 is applied to one type and two types of connective steel plates shown in FIG. 2 (1) side view, FIG. 2 (2) plan view, and FIG. 2 (3) front view are examples in which the connecting parts are sandwiched between the upper and lower steel plates and the connecting portion of the "R" shape is installed in the front view. Is shown. As shown in FIG. 2 (1) and FIG. 2 (3), the base of the connective steel plate protruding from the wall material is left, covered so as to contact the upper and lower surfaces of the connective, and communicated with the connective bolt insertion hole 16. A connection hole 32 is provided at a position where the connection is made, and is locked by a connection pin 33. As shown in FIG. 2 (2), a column base 31 is further provided in the distal direction from the connecting end 19, and the column is erected at that position.

  2 (4) is a side view, FIG. 2 (5) is a plan view, and FIG. 2 (6) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA. (4) As shown in FIG. 2 (6), it is an example of mounting | wearing with the connection part of a side view "U-shaped" type. In this example, as shown in FIGS. 2 (4) and 2 (5), a support base 31 is provided so as to straddle the connective end 19, and the support 4 is erected at that position. The end of is on the embankment side from the connective end.

  3 (1) side view, FIG. 3 (2) plan view, and FIG. 3 (3) AA cross-sectional view, a safety fence 2 is applied to the two steel plate type of connective 11 shown in FIG. 10 (3). Is. In this example, the connecting portion 3 is mounted with the “U” shape in a side view sandwiching two steel plates. As a connection part corresponding to this two-sheet steel type connection, there is also a connection part that sandwiches only a steel sheet above the connection, but in this case, the thickness of the lower steel sheet that is the connection part is the thickness of the reinforcing member 12. It is necessary to do the following. Illustration is omitted. The column base is provided on the connective end as in FIG. 2 (4). FIGS. 3 (4) to 3 (6) are examples in which a column having a pedestal is erected directly on a one-sheet steel type connective.

  In connection with the present invention, the connection 11, the connecting part 3 and the column part 4 can be formed in various structures depending on different combinations such as a “B” -shaped or “U-shaped” type of connecting part, a connecting pin or a connecting bolt / nut. Can be considered. However, in the case where the support column is directly erected on the connective side or when the support column base 31 is on the connective end 19, the following must be noted. When installing a safety fence in a height other than the uppermost wall of the wall material in which multiple stages of connections are arranged in the vertical direction as shown in FIG. 9 (4-3) or (4-4) The installation is hindered by the connections at other levels.

  FIG. 4 shows details of the column part 4, the handrail receiving part 41, and the handrail part 5. (1) to (4) show four types of handrail receiving portions 41. Branch numbers (-1) to (-3) represent a handrail portion side view, a handrail portion front view, and a handrail portion rear view. The handrail portion is supported substantially horizontally by handrail receiving portions 41 of a plurality of support portions sandwiching the opening. 4 (1-1) to (1-3), the handrail receiving portion has a handrail portion disposed at the center of a U-shaped metal rod screwed at both ends, and both ends of the metal rod. The handrail part is tightened and fixed in the horizontal direction by passing through two holes arranged above and below the center line of the support part and tightening with a nut. Various structures of the handrail receiving portion are assumed, but FIGS. 4 (2-1) to 4 (2-3) show that the handrail portion is simply fixed to the support material with bolts and nuts in the horizontal direction. 4 (3-1) to FIG. 4 (3-3) are fixed with a metal fitting called a “single tube clamp” (hereinafter referred to as a single tube clamp 46) used in assembling a scaffold or the like. The column part, the handrail receiving part, and the handrail part impose a burden on the connection unintentionally, and considering that it is a temporary material, it is desirable that it be as light, simple as possible and easy to install. Functionally, any structure may be used as long as the handrail portion supported by the plurality of support columns is installed substantially horizontally on the embankment side of the support columns and can prevent the worker from falling. 4 (4-1) to (4-3), the single tube clamp is used in two places, a circular tube is arranged between the support column and the handrail, and the handrail is moved forward to the embankment side. Is. In the case where the support column is erected directly with respect to the connective 11, the above-mentioned structure must be selected. Details will be described in “0024”.

  In FIG. 5, the installation procedure of the safety fence 2 of this invention is shown. FIG. 5 (1) relates to the wall material 1 of p1 to p3, which is the opening 17 before being built, and an old safety fence is installed in a state of straddling the opening. As shown in FIG. 5 (2), the wall material of p1-p3 is built using the safety fence. Next, the embankment surface 14 reaches the position of the connective 11 which concerns on mounting | wearing of the connection part 3 by advancing the embankment of a embankment part. Fig. 5 (3) shows that the old safety fence has been removed at that stage. The ends of the reinforcing material 12 are connected to each other and the reinforcing material is laid on the embankment surface. Further, FIG. 5 (4) shows a state where a new safety fence is installed when the embankment material 13 is spread and compacted, and the reinforcing material has a certain tensile strength. Therefore, the safety fence according to the present invention can be installed during the construction period except for the laying of the reinforcing material for the connection equipped with the connecting material and the subsequent partial embankment period.

  FIG. 6 (1) shows the state of the wall material 1 being built. It is lifted by a crane (in the figure, only the wire rope 20 is displayed) and placed in a predetermined opening 17. The side view of FIG. 6 (2) clearly shows the positional relationship between the handrail portion 5 straddling the opening and the connective 11 protruding from the wall surface material. Conventionally, the safety fence 2 has to be removed when the wall material is lowered in order to prevent the handrail from colliding in a connective manner. When the safety fence 2 of the present invention is applied, as shown in FIG. 6 (2), there is no hindrance to the connection that the handrail portion 5 protrudes from the wall surface material during construction. That is, by connecting the connecting portion 3 in a connective manner, the tip end portion of the connecting portion extends to the embankment side from the connective tip end, and the strut portion 4 is a support base portion 31 near the embankment side end portion of the connecting portion. Established. Furthermore, the handrail portion 5 installed horizontally on the embankment side is installed at a position where a work space necessary for installation during wall surface material assembly can be secured. Further, as shown in FIG. 6 (3), the same effect can be obtained by providing a member that is connected to the column and is extended to the embankment side by the handrail receiving portion 41 without mounting the connecting portion. can get. However, the load on the handrail receiving portion increases, and the handrail receiving portion that extends from the support has a cantilever structure from the support, and the load on the handrail has an adverse effect on the support and further connectiveness. Absent. As shown in FIG. 6 (4), it is appropriate to attach the connecting portion to the uppermost stage when dealing with wall materials (FIGS. 9 (4-3), (4-4), etc.) to which multi-stage connectors are attached. If it is determined that the connection portion is not, it is necessary to employ a connection portion in which the support portion is on the embankment side of the connective end portion 19 for mounting the connection portion to the middle stage portion.

  As shown in Fig. 7 (1), in the range 18 of 1m closest to the wall material, considering the influence on the wall material, etc., work by heavy machinery is not performed, but embankment is performed by manual work, It is the area where the traffic of workers is remarkable, including construction work. FIG. 7 (2) shows the relationship between the situation where the safety fence of the present invention is installed and the worker (almost, workers having a height of about 165 cm to 170 cm are displayed). The embankment period of (a) to (b) is a period in which the lower connection is most likely to strike and the upper connection is most likely to cause shoulder contact, etc., and the connecting part attached to the wall material on both sides sandwiching P1 The column part 4 is erected from the side, and the handrail part 5 is installed over the entire section. Therefore, this safety fence plays the role which prevents a whisper and a contact by the direct or line-of-sight guidance effect. Moreover, in the embankment surface of (c), the connection which installs a connection material is the height which is easy to install, and has shown that the following wall surface material can be built safely.

  In FIG. 8, the safety fence 2 provided with the reinforcement measure in case it does not have sufficient intensity | strength regarding the unintended use of the connection 11 by this invention is shown. FIG. 8 (1) shows a central side surface of a connecting portion 3 having a "R" shape as viewed from the front, in which a connecting portion is sandwiched between upper and lower steel plates, and one end portion of the upper steel plate is used as a supporting column base 31, and the supporting column portion is erected. A cross section is displayed. For the upper and lower steel plates of this connecting portion, the other end portion is extended, and a cantilever reinforcing portion 34 processed into an L shape is shown so as to be in contact with the upper surface or the lower surface of the wall surface at the connecting projecting position. In the figure, the cantilever reinforcement part which reinforces on both the upper surface and the lower surface is shown. In particular, the upper surface is reinforced by the falling of the worker when the wall material collides with the handrail portion 5 when the wall material 1 is built and a large force acts in the direction in which the wall material falls to the wall surface side. The effect is demonstrated when prevention is taken into consideration. In addition, regarding the reinforcement on both the upper and lower sides, it is necessary to consider the adoption when there is a shortage of strength as a cantilever beam of a connective when a safety fence is installed. Regarding the reinforcing portion, the same applies to the “U-shaped” shape in a side view, and the same applies to a two-sheet steel type connective. FIG. 8 (2) is an example in which an equilateral angle steel is erected as shown in the figure in a “U-shaped” connecting portion in a side view to form a column portion. The reinforcing part is a flat plate that has a rotating shaft on one inner surface of the section steel and rotates, one end reaches the wall surface of the wall material, and the other end reaches the other inner surface of the angle steel. A flat plate similar to the angle steel is installed. The flat plate is rounded and chamfered at the upper corner on the angle iron side and the lower corner on the wall surface. By this processing, as shown in the figure, it is possible to rotate 90 degrees from above the standing direction of the shape steel to the horizontal direction to the wall surface. When locked in the horizontal direction, It suppresses falling in the direction and reinforces the connective cantilever. The same effect as the upper surface reinforcement of FIG.

  When the lower end of the support column 4 reaches the embankment surface, it can be a reinforcement that reduces the burden on the connective 11. FIG. 8 (3) shows a column extending portion 47 that penetrates the connecting portion and reaches the lower embankment surface at the same time that the supporting column installed in the connecting portion 3 that is mounted in a connective manner is fixed in the vertical direction at the connecting portion. (The display of the embankment surface is omitted). FIG. 8 (3) shows that a side plate of a connecting part of a “B” shape in front view protrudes from the end of the connecting part in a two-sheet steel type connective, and an extended belt body wraps the support part. Yes. The pillar foundation that has reached the embankment part will bear a part of the load related to the pillar, and the embankment surface will achieve the purpose. FIG. 8 (4) shows a two-steel steel plate type connector with a "B" -shaped connecting part as viewed from the front, but has a supporting pillar 47 nested inside the supporting part. When the shaft is fixed to the connecting portion, the tip of the mandrel reaches the embankment surface through the pillar mandrel through hole 35 provided in the center of the column of the column base, and the screwed portion near the upper end of the mandrel Is structured to be screwed with a nut fixed to the support base. The embankment surface will bear a part of the load related to the support, and even if the lower end of the mandrel sinks below the embankment surface due to the progress of the embankment, it can be easily pulled out by rotating the mandrel. . In addition, by setting the diameter of the support post mandrel to be equal to or smaller than the bolt insertion hole, the support post can be installed on a safety fence in which the support post is erected. Such a column extending portion or the like can also be installed in a safety fence provided with a cantilever reinforcing portion.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wall material, 11 Connective, 12 Reinforcement material, 13 Filling material, 14 Filling surface, 15 Connecting metal fittings (bolt, nut, etc.), 16 Bolt insertion hole, 17 Opening part, 18 1m place near wall surface, 19 Connecting end part, 20 wire rope 2 safety fence 3 connection part, 31 support base part, 32 connection hole, 33 connection pin or bolt / nut, 34 cantilever reinforcement part, 35 support shaft through hole 4 support part, 41 handrail receiving part, 42 U-shape Material, 43 strut hole, 44 fastener, 45 embankment surface or foundation in soil, 46 single tube clamp, 47 strut extension or strut mandrel
5 Handrail part

Claims (4)

A wall surface material, a connection projecting from the back surface of the wall surface material, and a band-shaped reinforcement material connected to the wall surface material by being connected to the connection, and laying the reinforcement material on the embankment portion, When opening the wall material for reinforced earth wall construction that spreads and compacts
A connecting portion to be attached to the connective projecting from the said wall member,
A column portion standing on the connecting portion ;
A handrail erected substantially horizontally between the columns,
Safety fence with A wall surface material, a connection projecting from the back surface of the wall surface material, and a band-shaped reinforcement material connected to the wall surface material by being connected to the connection, and laying the reinforcement material on the embankment portion, When opening the wall material for reinforced earth wall construction that spreads and compacts
A support portion erected on projecting from said connective to the wall member,
A handrail erected substantially horizontally between the columns,
Safety fence with A wall surface material, a connection projecting from the back surface of the wall surface material, and a band-shaped reinforcement material connected to the wall surface material by being connected to the connection, and laying the reinforcement material on the embankment portion, When opening the wall material for reinforced earth wall construction that spreads and compacts
The safety fence of Claim 1 or Claim 2 provided with the cantilever reinforcement part which protects the said connection cantilever structure protrudingly provided by the said wall surface material. A wall surface material, a connection projecting from the back surface of the wall surface material, and a band-shaped reinforcement material connected to the wall surface material by being connected to the connection, and laying the reinforcement material on the embankment portion, When opening the wall material for reinforced earth wall construction that spreads and compacts
The safety fence which is a support | pillar part which has a structure where a part of support | pillar part of Claim 1, Claim 2 or Claim 3 reaches a banking surface.

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