JP2019108701A - Fence for safety measures of reinforced soil wall construction - Google Patents

Abstract

To ensure the safety of workers at the time of wall material assembly and human power filling soil leveling and compaction, which is work near the wall material of a vertical or near-vertical slope in reinforced soil wall construction.SOLUTION: In reinforced soil wall construction, connectives provided on wall materials are used outside the purpose taking into consideration their strength, and a safety fence comprising a connecting portion attached to a connective protruding from the wall material when the wall material is opened, a support portion standing on the connecting portion, and a handrail portion installed substantially horizontally between the support portions is provided.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a safety measure at the time of construction of reinforced earth wall construction.

  “Reinforcing earth wall connects the reinforcing material laid in the embankment to the vertical or near vertical wall material, and the earth pressure acting on the wall material and the pulling resistance of the reinforcing material keep balance, so the earth retaining wall Earthwork structure to keep stable as “(road earthwork-retaining wall construction guidelines 2012 edition Japan Road Association p223).

  Among the above-mentioned reinforced earth walls, the reinforced earth wall according to the present invention uses a wall material made of concrete and a band-shaped reinforcing material made of steel.

  Reinforcing earth wall is the one where embankment material, reinforcement material and wall material are mutually restrained and integrated as one piece, and its construction procedure is to form the wall surface as reinforcement earth wall after construction such as drainage work and foundation work And laying of reinforcements, rolling out and compacting of filling materials are repeated (the above-mentioned document p. 274).

  More specifically, after the wall surface material is lifted by a crane, the wall material is suspended at a predetermined position and assembled while adjusting the slope of the wall surface manually according to the structure type. Install reinforcements according to the embankment surface. Next, the filling material is spread and leveled so that the finished thickness per layer is 20 cm to 30 cm or less. As a matter to be noted at that time, within 1.0 m of the wall surface, it is spread by heavy equipment, and it is done by human power without compaction. It is because it affects the construction accuracy of the wall surface.

  The safety measures of the present invention relate to prevention of falling during wall surface material assembly in the above-mentioned construction procedure and leveling and compaction of the earth by human power near the wall surface. As a safety measure at the opening of the wall panel (wall material), there is an invention provided with a grip that is detachably fixed and a horizontal handrail provided on the front of the opening (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-188170). There is an invention of a fence in which the hooks of at least two hook-shaped fasteners are hooked on the upper end of the wall surface material, and the hook-shaped fasteners are engaged with the rod-like members crossing the opening (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2012-154085 issue). However, in these prior arts, the safety fence on the outside of the wall surface of the wall surface material is not sufficient as a safety measure for the work, or is the most dangerous operation when assembling the wall surface material. There is a problem such as having to remove the fence because the part is an obstacle. In addition, it can not be a safety measure such as prevention of spreading to the connectives that are protrusively provided from the wall material at the time of compaction and human resources leveling the filling material.

JP, 2005-188170, A JP, 2012-154085, A

"Road earthwork Retaining wall construction guidelines (2012 version)" Japan Road Association publication "Reinforcement soil (tail arme) wall method design, construction manual fourth revised edition (August, 2014) general public foundation corporation public works research center publication

  The problem to be solved is to ensure the safety of workers at the time of wall surface material assembly, which is work in the vicinity of a wall surface material at or near the vertical surface wall in reinforced soil wall construction, and manual filling and leveling and compaction.

  The present invention is intended to use a connective provided on a wall surface material at the time of opening the wall surface outside the purpose in consideration of the strength in reinforcing earth wall work, and a connecting portion to be attached to the connective provided protruding on the wall surface. To provide a safety fence provided with a support post erected on the connection part and a handrail extending substantially horizontally between the support posts.

  In reinforced earth wall construction, the safety fence of the present invention becomes a worker's handrail or safety belt installation fence at the time of wall surface assembly near a wall material of a vertical or near slope, and provides safety measures during work. In addition, during leveling and compacting work in the vicinity of wall materials, workers are protected from danger due to workers coming into contact with the connectives protruding from the wall material to the side of the filling.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view in which the safety fence of the present invention is provided. Example 1 FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing details of the connecting portion and the support portion. Example 1 FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing details of the connecting portion and the support portion. Example 1 FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing details of the support portion and the handrail portion. Example 1 FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the installation procedure of the safety fence of the present invention. Example 1 FIG. 6 is an explanatory view at the time of wall surface construction. Example 1 FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a human-powered earthwork section and the like. Example 1 FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of the reinforcing portion. (Example 2) FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing a construction procedure and the like of reinforced soil wall construction. FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing the structure of a typical concrete wall surface connective.

  The outline of the construction procedure of reinforcement earth wall construction is shown in Drawing 9 (1)-Drawing 9 (3). Assemble the wall material 1 of a in the state of Fig. 9 (1), pour out 13 of the embankment material on the embankment surface 14, lay it on, level it and compact it, and after constructing the embankment to the embankment surface of Fig. 9 (2) As shown in FIG. 9 (2), the end of the reinforcing member 12 is attached to the connective 11, and the reinforcing member is laid on the filling surface. Thereafter, by proceeding with the filling work in the same manner as described above, when the filling surface is in the state of FIG. 9 (3), the wall surface material of b is assembled. This work is repeated to set the filling surface to a predetermined height.

  The wall surface material opening portion is a portion sandwiched by the already installed wall surface material into which the next wall surface material 1 shown in FIG. 9 (1) and FIG. 9 (3) is built during the above construction. It is said that the condition before assembling is when the wall material is open, but the opening is always present during the construction of the reinforced earth wall. However, before building a new wall material where the fill surface 14 is the highest in the same wall assembly state during construction, it is the most dangerous state for the workers. Further, at a location 18 of 1 m in the wall surface shown in FIG. 9 (1), the compaction work with heavy machinery and the like is carried out carefully by human power because it involves the risk of front wall falling. This point is the place where the traffic of workers is most significant, including the workers entering and leaving the wall material assembly work.

  There are various structures of connective 11 (It is a connection metal fitting which connects a wall surface material and a reinforcement material. It is the same in the following.) Which protrudes in wall surface material 1, and the installation interval is a reinforcement designed by field conditions. Although it is determined by the arrangement of the material 12, it is a regular arrangement taking into consideration the installation of reinforcing material and the workability of laying and compacting the filling material 13 thereafter. As a general arrangement example, as shown in FIG. 9 (4-1) to FIG. 9 (4-4), four picks, six picks, eight picks, 12 picks, etc. (non-patent documents 2p49 to p50) There is. Regarding the structure, depending on the width and thickness of the reinforcing material, one steel plate type as shown in FIG. 10 (1) wall surface material side view and FIG. 10 (2) wall surface material plan view, FIGS. There is a type such as sandwiching a reinforcing material by two steel plates as shown in). There are also one type (FIG. 10 (3)) and two types (FIG. 10 (1)) of the connecting bolt insertion holes 16 of the connective. Since 12 mm to 16 mm is used for the connection fitting 15 such as a connection bolt, the connection bolt insertion hole has a diameter of about 15 mm to 18 mm.

  Since the present invention relates to safety measures in reinforced earth wall construction, the wall material 1 is simply expressed in the examples, etc., and the dowel, its penetration hole, horizontal joint material, water-permeable sand-proof material, reinforcement The description and illustration of the ribs and the like of the material are omitted. Moreover, an Example describes as an example what was installed in 4 pieces of connective 11. If necessary, describe as many as possible. Although an embodiment based on a circular pipe is shown for the column 4 and the handrail 5, the column as a column, in addition to the circular pipe, the strength as a square pipe, channel steel, shaped steel such as angle steel, etc. as a column What is necessary is just to have. With regard to handrails, there are also bars and the like other than circular pipes.

  FIG. 1 is an installation situation diagram of the safety fence 2 of the present invention. The connecting portion 3 is attached to the connective 11 protruding from the wall surface material 1 and locked by the connecting pin 33. The support 4 is erected on the support base 31 of the connecting portion. A safety fence provided with a handrail portion 5 supported by the handrail receiving portion 41 and constructed horizontally between the support portions is installed over the entire inside of the wall surface (the filling surface 14 side). This figure shows the situation where it is installed during the construction period for the full extension of the wall surface, taking into consideration the safety measures at the time of embankment construction as well as the wall surface material assembly.

  FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show details of the installation situation of the connecting portion 3 and the support portion 4 in the connective 11. The safety fence 2 is applied to the connective steel plate type and two types shown in FIG. Fig. 2 (1) Side view, Fig. 2 (2) top view and Fig. 2 (3) front view, the embodiment of the attachment of the connecting part of the front view "ro-shaped" shape, sandwiching the connective between the steel plate up and down Is shown. As shown in FIG. 2 (1) and FIG. 2 (3), leaving the base of the connective steel plate protruding from the wall material, covering the upper and lower surfaces of the connective in contact with each other and communicating with the bolt insertion hole 16 of the connective The connection hole 32 is provided at the position where the connection pin 33 is locked. As shown in FIG. 2 (2), a pillar base portion 31 is provided further in the distal direction from the connective end 19, and the pillar portion is erected at that position.

  Although the connecting portion 3 shown in FIG. 2 (4) side view, FIG. 2 (5) plan view, and FIG. 2 (6) AA cross section is similar to the above, the connective 11 is sandwiched between steel plates at the top and bottom. (4) As shown in FIG. 2 (6), it is an example of mounting | wearing of the connection part of a side view "コ" type | mold. In this example, as shown in FIGS. 2 (4) and 2 (5), a pillar base 31 is provided so as to straddle the connective end 19, and the pillar 4 is erected at that position. The end of the is closer to the embankment than the connective end.

  In Fig. 3 (1) side view, Fig. 3 (2) plan view and Fig. 3 (3) sectional view taken along the line AA, the safety fence 2 is applied to the connective 11 of the two steel plate type shown in Fig. 10 (3) It is a thing. In the present embodiment, the connecting portion 3 is mounted so as to sandwich the two steel plates in the side view “C” shape. Although there is a connection part which sandwiches only the steel plate in the upper part of the connective as a connection part corresponding to the connective of this two-sheet type steel plate, in this case, the thickness of the lower steel plate which is the connection part is the thickness of the reinforcing member 12 It is necessary to do the following. The illustration is omitted. The column base is provided on the connective end as in FIG. 2 (4). FIG. 3 (4)-FIG. 3 (6) are examples which make the support | pillar part which has a base stand in the steel plate 1 sheet type connective directly.

  In the context of the present invention, the connective 11 and the connection part 3 and the support part 4 have various structures depending on different combinations such as the “R” or “U” shape of the connection part, the connection pin or the connection bolt / nut, etc. Can be considered. However, in the case of erecting the support directly on the connective or in the case where the support base 31 is on the connective end 19, the following should be noted. When installing a safety fence on a connective with heights other than the top of the wall material where the connectives of multiple steps are arranged vertically as shown in Fig. 9 (4-3) or (4-4), the support section Other stages of connectivity are disrupted by installation.

  FIG. 4 shows details of the support 4 and the handrail receiving portion 41 and the handrail 5. Although four types of handrail receiving parts 41 are shown in (1) to (4), branch numbers (-1) to (-3) represent handrail side view, handrail front and handrail back view. The handrail portion is supported substantially horizontally by a plurality of handrail receiving portions 41 supporting the opening portion. In the handrail portion shown in FIGS. 4 (1-1) to (1-3), the handrail receiving portion arranges the handrail portion at the center portion of the U-shaped metal rod screwed at both ends, and both ends of the metal rod The handrail portion is clamped and fixed in the horizontal direction by passing through two holes disposed at the top and bottom near the center line of the support portion and tightening with a nut. Although various structures of the handrail receiving part are assumed, it is FIG. 4 (2-1)-FIG. 4 (2-3) which fixed the handrail part to a pillar material only with a bolt and a nut in the horizontal direction. 4 (3-1) to 4 (3-3) are fixed by metal fittings called so-called “single-tube clamps” (hereinafter referred to as single-tube clamps 46) used in the assembly of a scaffold or the like. The supporting column, handrail receiving part and handrail part are burdened connectively outside the purpose, and considering that they are temporary materials, it is desirable that they be as light and easy as possible, and easy to install. Functionally, the handrail portion supported by the plurality of support portions may be installed substantially horizontally on the embankment side of the support portion so as to prevent the worker from falling. In Fig. 4 (4-1) to (4-3), using the single-tube clamps at two locations, a circular pipe is disposed between the support portion and the handrail portion, and the handrail portion is advanced to the embankment side It is a thing. In the case where the support portion is erected directly on the connective 11, this front structure must be selected. Details will be described in “0024”.

  The installation procedure of the safety fence 2 of this invention is shown in FIG. 5 (1) is the opening part 17 before the installation regarding the wall surface material 1 of p1-p3, and the old safety fence is installed in the state which straddles the opening part. As shown in FIG. 5 (2), the wall materials of p1 to p3 are erected using the safety fence. Next, by advancing the filling of the filling portion, the filling surface 14 reaches the position of the connective 11 related to the attachment of the connecting portion 3. It is a state of FIG. 5 (3) that the old security fence is removed at that stage. Connect the end of the reinforcing material 12 to the connective, and lay the reinforcing material on the filling surface. Furthermore, FIG. 5 (4) shows a state where a new safety fence is installed at a stage where the filling material 13 is spread and compacted, and the reinforcing material has a certain tensile strength. Therefore, the safety fence according to the present invention can be installed during the construction period except for the laying of the reinforcing material of the connective material with the connecting material and a part of the filling period thereafter.

  FIG. 6 (1) shows a construction situation of the wall material 1. It is lifted by a crane (in the drawing, only the wire rope 20 is shown) and is placed at a predetermined opening 17. The side view of FIG. 6 (2) clearly shows the positional relationship between the handrail portion 5 straddling the opening and the connective 11 protruding from the wall surface material. Conventionally, when lowering the wall material, the safety fence 2 had to be removed in order to prevent the handrail from crashing in a connective manner. When the safety fence 2 of the present invention is provided, as shown in FIG. 6 (2), the handrail portion 5 does not interfere with the connective protrusion provided on the wall surface material at the time of installation. That is, by mounting the connecting portion 3 in a connective manner, the tip end portion of the connecting portion extends from the connective tip to the filling side, and the support portion 4 is a support base portion 31 near the filling side end of the connecting portion. It is set up at Furthermore, it is because the handrail part 5 constructed horizontally on the embankment side is constructed in the position which can ensure the work space required for the construction at the time of wall surface material assembly. In addition, as shown in FIG. 6 (3), the same effect can be obtained by providing a supporting member erected in a connective manner without attaching the connecting part and providing a member extending to the filling side by the handrail receiving part 41. can get. However, the load on the handrail receiving part is large, and the handrail receiving part extended from the post has a cantilever structure from the post, and the load on the handrail adversely affects the post and the connective, Absent. As shown in Fig. 6 (4), attachment of the connecting part to the top is appropriate when dealing with a wall surface material (Fig. 9 (4-3), (4-4), etc.) on which multiple stages of connectors are attached. If it is not determined that the connection portion should be attached to the middle step, the connection portion must be adopted such that the support portion is on the filling side of the connective end 19.

  As shown in Fig. 7 (1), in the range 18 of 1m which is the closest to the wall material, the work with heavy machinery is not performed in consideration of the influence on the wall material etc. The filling is carried out by manual work. It has become the area with the most frequent workers, including construction work. The relationship between the situation where the safety fence of the present invention is installed and the workers (generally displaying a worker with a height of about 165 cm to 170 cm) is shown in FIG. 7 (2). The earthing period in (a) to (b) is a period in which the lower connective is open and the upper connective is most susceptible to contact with the shoulder, etc. A connecting portion attached to the connective wall surface material sandwiching P1 The column 4 is erected, and the handrail 5 is installed over the entire section. Therefore, the safety fence plays a role of preventing the roar or contact by the direct or gaze guidance effect. In addition, on the embankment surface of (c), the connective for installing the connecting material is at a height that is easy to install, and indicates that the next wall material can be safely erected.

  FIG. 8 shows a safety fence 2 provided with reinforcing measures in the case of not having sufficient strength with respect to the purposeless use of the connective 11 according to the present invention. In FIG. 8 (1), the central side surface of the connecting portion 3 in the front view “R” shape in which the support is erected by sandwiching the connectives with steel plates in the upper and lower sides and using one end of the upper steel plate as the support base 31. The cross section is displayed. In the upper and lower steel plates of the connecting portion, the cantilever reinforcing portion 34 processed into an L shape is shown so as to extend the other end and contact with the upper surface or the lower surface of the wall surface of the connective protrusion position. The figure shows a cantilever reinforcement that reinforces on both the top and bottom surfaces. In particular, reinforcement to the upper surface is caused by falling of a worker when, for example, the wall material collides with the handrail portion 5 when the wall material 1 is built, and a large force acts on the support in the direction of falling to the wall side. Demonstrate its effect when considering the prevention. In addition, with regard to reinforcement on both the upper and lower sides, it is necessary to consider adoption when there is a lack of strength as a cantilever of a connective when a safety fence is installed. The same applies to the reinforcing portion in the "U-shaped" side view, and the same applies to the connective type of the two steel plate type, so the drawing is omitted. In Fig. 8 (2), equilateral angle steels are erected as shown in the figure in a U-shaped connecting portion in a side view to form a support. The reinforcing portion is a flat plate that rotates with one rotation axis on one inner surface of the section steel, one end reaching the wall surface of the wall material, and the other end reaching the other inner surface of the angle steel A flat plate comparable to the angle steel is installed. The flat plate is chamfered to have round surfaces at the upper angle on the angle steel side and the lower angle on the wall surface side. By this processing, as shown in the figure, a 90 degree rotation from the upper side in the erecting direction of the section to the horizontal direction to the wall surface is free, and when locked in the horizontal direction It restrains falling in the direction, and reinforces the cantilever of the connective. The same effect as the upper surface reinforcement of FIG. 8 (1) is exerted.

  When the lower end of the support portion 4 reaches the filling surface, it can be a reinforcement that reduces the load on the connective 11. In FIG. 8 (3), at the same time as the support portion installed in the connection portion 3 attached to the connective portion is vertically fixed in the connection portion, the support extension portion 47 which penetrates the connection portion and reaches the lower embankment surface Indicates a structure having the following (the display of the fill surface is omitted). In Fig. 8 (3), the side plate of the "R-shaped" type connection part in front view protrudes from the end part of the connection part in the two steel plate type connective, and the extended strip body rings the support part. There is. In the column foundation that has reached the embankment area, the embankment surface bears a part of the load applied to the columns, and the purpose is achieved. In FIG. 8 (4), the connecting part of the front view “R” shape is attached to the two steel plate type connective, but the supporting rod 47 is nested inside the supporting member, and the supporting member is In fixing the joint to the connection part, the tip of the stem reaches the filling surface through the support stem through hole 35 provided at the center of the support of the foundation of the support section, and a screwed portion near the upper end of the stem Is screwed into a nut fixed to the column foundation. The embankment surface bears a part of the load related to the columns, and even when the lower end of the mandrel sinks under the embankment surface by the progress of the embankment, it can be easily pulled out by rotating the mandrel . Further, by setting the diameter of the support shaft section to be equal to or less than the bolt insertion hole, the support fence can be installed on a safety fence in which the support section is erected. Such a post extension or the like can also be installed in a safety fence provided with a cantilever reinforcement.

Reference Signs List 1 wall surface material, 11 connective, 12 reinforcing material, 13 fill material, 14 fill surface, 15 connection metal fittings (bolts, nuts, etc.), 16 bolt insertion hole, 17 opening, 18 wall 1m location, 19 connective end, Reference Signs List 20 wire rope 2 safety fence 3 connection portion, 31 support base portion, 32 connection hole, 33 connection pin or bolt / nut, 34 cantilever reinforcement portion, 35 support shaft stem through hole 4 support portion, 41 handrail receiving portion, 42 U-shaped Materials, 43 post holes, 44 fasteners, 45 embankment surface or foundation in the earth, 46 single tube clamps, 47 post extensions or post stems
5 Handrail

Claims (4)

In reinforcement earth wall construction which connects band-shaped reinforcement to wall surface material, lays the reinforcement in the embankment part, and lays and compacts the earth,
A connecting part to be attached to a connective member protruding from the wall material;
A supporting column erected on the connecting section;
A handrail that is erected substantially horizontally between the columns;
Safety fence equipped with In reinforcement earth wall construction which connects band-shaped reinforcement to wall surface material, lays the reinforcement in the embankment part, and lays and compacts the earth,
A post erected on a connective piece protruding from the wall material,
A handrail that is erected substantially horizontally between the columns;
Safety fence equipped with In reinforcement earth wall construction which connects band-like reinforcement material to wall surface material, lays the above-mentioned reinforcement material in the embankment part, and lays out and consolidates the embankment,
The safety fence according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a cantilever reinforcing portion for protecting the cantilever structure of the connector protrudingly provided on the wall surface material. In reinforcement earth wall construction which connects band-like reinforcement material to wall surface material, lays the above-mentioned reinforcement material in the embankment part, and lays out and consolidates the embankment,
A safety fence which is a pillar portion having a structure in which a part of the pillar portion according to claim 1, 2 or 3 reaches a filling surface.

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