JP6831714B2 - Tower crane foundation and tower crane - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a foundation for installing a tower crane, a tower crane provided with the foundation, and a tower crane foundation pedestal particularly suitable for constructing a new building, and a tower crane.

The tower cranes used for construction work are roughly classified into floor climbing type and mast climbing type. In the floor climbing type, the floor near the center of the building is left untouched (with a useless opening) to form a stairwell, and a tower crane is placed in this stairwell space. With a floor climbing type tower crane, it is possible to handle work on the upper floors by raising the floor that fixes the foundation according to the floors that increase as the construction progresses. According to the tower crane with such a configuration, even if the tilt angle of the jib is small, the entire building can be put in the reachable range (liftable range) of the boom to widen the load suspension range. At the same time, there is an advantage that it can be installed even if the land adjacent to the outer circumference is narrow.

As a floor climbing type tower crane, for example, those disclosed in Patent Document 1 are known. According to Patent Document 1, when a base of a tower crane is installed, anchor bolts are projected from the upper part of the walls arranged opposite to each other among the walls constituting the building frame, and the base is supported between the anchor bolts. The configuration of crossing the beams is disclosed.

In addition, the mast climbing type tower crane has a foundation on the outer peripheral land of the building, the mast is extended along the outer wall of the building, and the crane body is raised along with the extension of the mast to raise the upper floor. It becomes possible to correspond to the work in. According to the tower crane having such a configuration, since the tower crane itself is arranged on the outer periphery of the building, there is an advantage that the construction period of the building itself can be shortened without affecting the finish of the building.

JP-A-2009-184756

On the other hand, since the foundation of the floor climbing type tower crane is located inside the building, it is necessary to cure it against rain falling from the atrium, and it is below that unless it is climbed and the useless opening is closed. There is a problem that it is not possible to finish the floor.

On the other hand, the mast climbing type tower crane has the advantage that it does not affect the finish of the building as described above, but the cost and labor such as reinforcement of the mountain retaining to build the foundation and concrete placement are required. However, there is a problem that a large amount of work is required. In addition, after the work was completed, it was necessary to dismantle and remove the foundation, which caused environmental problems such as noise to the neighborhood and disposal of dismantled waste.

On the other hand, in the present invention, while taking advantage of the mast climbing type tower crane arranged on the outer periphery of the building, the construction of the foundation, the labor and cost associated with the dismantling, and the impact on the environment during the dismantling work are reduced. It is an object of the present invention to provide a foundation pedestal of a tower crane that can be used, and a tower crane equipped with this foundation pedestal.

The foundation pedestal of the tower crane according to the present invention for achieving the above object is a foundation pedestal on which the mast of the tower crane is erected, and the foundation pedestal is supported by the outer peripheral frame of the building in a cantilevered state. It is characterized by. This eliminates the need to provide a useless opening, allows early start of finishing, and eliminates the need to build a temporary foundation beside the building.

Further, a diagonal member that supports the tip end side of the foundation pedestal is fixed to the outer peripheral skeleton of the foundation pedestal of the tower crane having the above-mentioned characteristics. With such a configuration, the load of the crane is transmitted to the outer peripheral frame through the diagonal member, so that the load capacity of the foundation pedestal can be improved.

Further, in the foundation frame of a tower crane having the above-mentioned characteristics, the foundation frame has a plurality of base beams fixed to the outer peripheral skeleton and a connecting beam connecting the tips of the plurality of base beams. A gantry beam is laid between the outer skeleton and the connecting beam.

According to having such a feature, the vertical load applied to the gantry beam is distributed to the skeleton beam and the connecting beam constituting the gantry base.

Further, the base beam, the diagonal member, and the gantry beam in the foundation pedestal of the tower crane having the above-mentioned characteristics are fixed to the outer peripheral skeleton by anchor bolts.

With such a configuration, the vertical force and moment applied from the mast of the tower crane through the gantry beam when the material is lifted can be supported by the bracket composed of the diagonal member and the horizontal member (base beam). Then, these loads are transmitted to the outer peripheral skeleton via the anchor bolts.

Further, the diagonal member and / or the gantry beam in the foundation pedestal of the tower crane having the above-mentioned characteristics can be fixed by a support metal fitting arranged on the outer periphery of the outer peripheral skeleton.

With such a configuration, the vertical force and moment applied from the mast of the tower crane through the gantry beam when the material is lifted can be supported by the bracket composed of the diagonal member and the horizontal member (base beam). Then, these loads are transmitted to the outer peripheral skeleton via the supporting hardware.

Further, the tower crane for achieving the above object is a tower crane provided with a foundation pedestal supported on the outer peripheral skeleton of the building in a cantilevered state, and the foundation pedestal is a plurality of fixed pedestals fixed to the outer skeleton. It is characterized by including at least a base beam and a diagonal member, a connecting beam connecting the tip of the base beam, and a pedestal beam bridged between the connecting beam and the beam of the outer peripheral skeleton.

Further, in a tower crane having the above-mentioned characteristics, the foundation pedestal is installed in multiple stages in the height direction, and the mast of the tower crane is installed so as to penetrate between the base beams constituting the foundation pedestal located in the upper stage. It is characterized in that the mast can be pulled up from the crane main body as a scaffolding by arranging the foundation pedestal arranged in the upper stage.

With such a configuration, a so-called floor climbing type tower crane can be obtained. Since the total weight of the mast can be suppressed, it can be applied to taller buildings.

According to the foundation pedestal of a tower crane with the above characteristics, the gantry base is placed in a cantilevered state using the skeleton, so a temporary foundation can be constructed, demolished or removed from the ground around the building. In addition to being able to reduce the labor and cost associated with this, it is also possible to reduce the impact on the environment such as noise and dust during dismantling work.

Further, since the tower crane is arranged on the outer periphery of the building, it is not necessary to provide a useless opening in the floor slab of the building, so that the construction period can be shortened without affecting the finish of the building.

It is a partially transparent side view which shows the structure of the foundation frame of the tower crane which concerns on embodiment. It is a partial transmission plan view which shows the structure of the foundation frame of the tower crane which concerns on embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the schematic structure of the foundation frame of the tower crane which concerns on embodiment. It is a side view which shows the structure of the tower crane provided with the foundation frame. It is a partial transmission side view which shows the deformation structure of the tower crane which concerns on embodiment. It is a partially transparent side view which shows the mode in the case of adopting the fixed structure through the support metal fittings when constructing the foundation frame of the tower crane which concerns on embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the structure of the foundation pedestal suitable for adopting the floor climbing type tower crane. It is a figure which shows a mode that a tower crane climbs through the foundation pedestals arranged in a plurality of stages.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the tower crane foundation and the tower crane of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, FIG. 1 is a partially transparent side view showing the configuration of the foundation pedestal of the tower crane according to the embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a partially transparent plan view of the same. Further, FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the foundation pedestal of the tower crane according to the embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a side view showing the configuration of the tower crane provided with the foundation gantry.

[Definition of skeleton, pedestal, and anchor]
The foundation pedestal of the tower crane of the present embodiment (hereinafter, simply referred to as the foundation pedestal 10) is installed on a beam 110 or a pillar 120 which is a building frame 100 and is arranged on the outer peripheral portion of the building. As a means of installation, anchor bolts 50 (first horizontal anchor bolt 50a, second horizontal anchor bolt 50b, vertical anchor bolt 50c) are embedded in a skeleton 100 made of reinforced concrete. The anchor bolt 50 is embedded so as to expose a part of the anchor bolt 50 to be the screwed portion to the outside of the skeleton 100. The anchor bolt 50 may be buried after the construction of the skeleton 100 is completed, or may be performed at the timing of concrete casting in the construction of the skeleton 100.

The foundation pedestal 10 according to the present embodiment has a pedestal base 12, a pedestal beam 22, and a suspension member 20. Corresponding anchor bolts 50 are embedded in the skeleton 100 to support the foundation pedestal 10. Anchor bolts 50 embedded in the skeleton 100 can be roughly divided into first horizontal anchor bolts 50a, second horizontal anchor bolts 50b, and vertical anchor bolts 50c. The horizontal anchor bolts (first horizontal anchor bolts 50a and second horizontal anchor bolts 50b) can be embedded in both the beams 110 and the columns 120 constituting the skeleton 100. On the other hand, the vertical anchor bolt 50c will be buried in the beam 110 (including the foundation of the building). This is to expose a part of the vertical anchor bolt 50c.

Here, the first horizontal anchor bolt 50a is an element for supporting the gantry base 12. The second horizontal anchor bolt 50b is an element for supporting the suspension member 20. Further, the vertical anchor bolt 50c is an element for supporting the gantry beam 22.

[Mount base]
The gantry base 12 is an element serving as a base of the foundation gantry 10 configured in a cantilever state with the skeleton 100 as a base point. The gantry base 12 has a base beam 14, a connecting beam 16, and a brace 18. The base beam 14 has a base end thereof at the intersection of the beam 110 and the column 120 constituting the skeleton 100 (see FIG. 3), and is supported by a first horizontal anchor bolt 50a embedded in the base beam 14. ing.

The base beams 14 are arranged in pairs parallel to the horizontal position, and the connecting beams 16 are arranged on the tip side of the base beams 14 to form a U-shaped frame protruding from the outer periphery of the skeleton 100. The brace 18 is an element that reinforces the gantry base 12, and extends from the base end portion (including the vicinity of the base end portion) of one base beam 14 to the tip end portion of the other base beam 14 in the paired base beams 14. It is a pair of intersecting members arranged diagonally (see FIG. 2 or 3). Although not shown, the base end portion of the brace 18 is also supported by horizontal anchor bolts with respect to the skeleton 100.

[Hanging member]
The tip end side of the base beam 14 which is a horizontal member constituting the gantry base 12 is supported by a suspension member 20 which is an oblique member to form a bracket 28. The suspension member 20 is supported by a pillar 120 whose tip end is connected to the tip end side of the base beam 14 and whose base end is located above the base end of the base beam 14. With such an arrangement configuration, bending stress acts on the base beam 14, and tensile stress acts on the suspension member 20. As a result, it is possible to disperse the vertical load caused by the tower crane 130, which is an upper object. The base end of the suspension member 20 is supported by a second horizontal anchor bolt 50b embedded in the pillar 120.

Further, at least one of the base beam 14 and the suspension member 20 (both in the form shown in FIGS. 1 and 2) is provided with adjusting mechanisms 14a and 20a for adjusting their lengths. This is because the angle of the base beam 14 can be adjusted and the gantry base 12 can be leveled by adjusting the lengths of the base beam 14 and the suspension member 20 by the adjusting mechanisms 14a and 20a.

[Mount beam]
The foundation 130a of the tower crane 130 is installed on the gantry base 12, and the gantry beam 22 for erection of the mast is provided. The gantry beam 22 is bridged between the beam 110 constituting the skeleton 100 and the connecting beam 16 constituting the gantry base 12. Therefore, the upper surface of the connecting beam 16 is leveled so as to maintain a horizontal position with the upper surface of the beam 110 of the skeleton 100 on which the gantry beam 22 is arranged. It is preferable to use H steel for the gantry beam 22 in consideration of weight, strength, and cost. When H-steel is used as a constituent member of the gantry beam 22, as shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 4, the web is oriented in the vertical direction so as to increase the resistance to vertical load.

The base end of the gantry beam 22 is supported via vertical anchor bolts 50c embedded in the beams 110 constituting the skeleton 100. To support the gantry beam 22 via the vertical anchor bolts 50c, the gantry beam 22 is arranged between the pair of vertical anchor bolts 50c, and the gantry beam 22 is fastened so as to sandwich the gantry beam 22 between the pressing member 24 and the beam 110. It is good to take the means. This is because the resistance to bending load can be improved as compared with the case where the flange of H steel is tightened with a nut or the like.

The presser member 24 may be a metal block or the like as long as it is a member through which the vertical anchor bolt 50c can be inserted and has high strength against bending, and the specific form thereof may be used. In the form shown in FIG. 4, two C-channel webs are arranged back to back, a vertical anchor bolt 50c is inserted between them, and a flange is used as a holding surface. The C channel may be aligned simply by arranging it, but it can be prevented from falling off by forming a through hole in the web and adjusting the width with bolts and nuts.

The gantry beam 22 installed in this way has a base end arranged inside the building rather than the skeleton 100 constituting the outer peripheral surface of the building, and this base end is supported via vertical anchor bolts 50c. Therefore, when a vertical load is applied to the gantry beam 22, a vertical load is applied to both the beam 110 constituting the skeleton 100 and the connecting beam 16 constituting the gantry base 12. Then, a tensile stress acts on the vertical anchor bolt 50c due to the bending stress acting with the vertical load applied to the connecting beam 16 side.

With such a configuration, the first horizontal anchor bolt 50a and the second horizontal anchor bolt 50b are loaded with tensile and shear loads, and the vertical anchor bolt 50c is loaded with a tensile load. It will be. In this way, by distributing the load acting on the skeleton 100 to the plurality of anchor bolts 50 embedded in the plurality of directions, the load on the skeleton 100 caused by the vertical load applied to the foundation pedestal 10 is borne. It can be relaxed.

According to the foundation pedestal 10 having such a configuration, since it is arranged on the outer periphery of the building, the construction period can be shortened without affecting the finish of the building. Further, since the gantry base 12 is arranged in a cantilever state by using the skeleton 100, it is possible to reduce the labor and cost associated with the construction and dismantling of the foundation for concrete. In addition, the influence on the environment such as noise and dust during dismantling work can be reduced.

Further, in the above embodiment, since it is assumed that the foundation pedestal 10 is arranged near the ground, the pedestal base 12 is supported by the suspension member 20. However, if a sufficient gap is provided between the ground and the foundation pedestal 10, the configuration as shown in FIG. 5 may be used. That is, the support member 26 that supports the gantry base 12 from the lower surface side is arranged. The specific configuration of the support member 26 is not limited, but the configuration can withstand the load applied to the gantry base 12. In such a configuration, the second horizontal anchor bolt 50b is located below the first horizontal anchor bolt 50a.

[Modification example]
Further, in the above embodiment, regarding the fixing of the base beam 14, the suspension member 20, and the gantry beam 22, the anchor bolts 50 (first) embedded in the beams 110 and columns 120 constituting the skeleton 100 and the portions at the intersections thereof. The horizontal anchor bolt 50a, the second horizontal anchor bolt 50b, and the vertical anchor bolt 50c) are described.

However, as shown in FIG. 6, the support metal fitting 60 is arranged on the outer periphery of the pillar 120 or the like constituting the skeleton 100, and the base beam 14, the suspension member 20, and the gantry beam 22 are fixed via the support metal fitting 60. It may be configured to be used. This is because it is not necessary to bury the anchor bolt 50 in the skeleton 100 in such a configuration.

The support hardware 60 may be composed of, for example, an inner surface member 62, an outer surface member 64, and a connecting member 66. The inner surface member 62 is a member arranged in contact with a surface of the pillar 120 located inside the building. Further, the outer surface member 64 is a member arranged in contact with a surface of the pillar 120 located outside the building. Further, the connecting member 66 is a member for forming a pair so as to sandwich the pillar 120 and fixing the inner surface member 62 and the outer surface member 64 so as to urge the pillar 120.

The specific configurations of the inner surface member 62, the outer surface member 64, and the connecting member 66 are not limited, but for example, the following members may be used. That is, the inner surface member 62 and the outer surface member 64 may be C channels. Further, the connecting member 66 may be a stud bolt. With such a configuration, the inner surface member 62 and the outer surface member 64 can be fixed in a state of being urged to the pillar 120 by inserting a stud bolt through the through hole formed in the C channel and tightening with a nut. This is because it is possible.

When the fixed position of the base beam 14 or the like is shifted from the arrangement position of the support metal fitting 60, the stay 68 may be interposed in the support metal fitting 60. Further, the gantry beam 22 may be fixed by arranging a support metal fitting (not shown) on the beam 110, but as shown in FIG. 6, a stud bolt is attached to the inner surface member 62 of the support metal fitting 60 fixed to the pillar 120. It is also possible to insert the 70 and fix it via the stud bolt 70.

Such a configuration can be applied even when the anchor bolt 50 cannot be embedded, for example, the skeleton 100 is made of a steel frame.

In the above embodiment, the foundation pedestal 10 has been described on the premise that it is cantilevered with the skeleton 100 as a base point. However, when constructing the foundation pedestal 10, a temporary foundation for work assistance may be provided in the assembly process. Temporary foundations include placing soil concrete and forming a foundation to ensure work safety. Such a temporary foundation is based on the assumption that materials are temporarily placed when assembling the foundation pedestal 10, and when the foundation pedestal 10 is assembled, a load is hardly applied. .. Therefore, unlike the foundation of a general tower crane, the facility and the time and labor required for removal are small.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the foundation pedestal 10 and the tower crane 130 have been described mainly with the mast climbing type crane as the main body. However, the foundation pedestal 10 according to the present invention can be applied to the floor climbing type tower crane 130 by having the following configuration.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, the brace 18 provided between the paired base beams 14 is arranged outside the frame composed of the base beam 14 and the connecting beam 16. With such a configuration, it is possible to secure a space for penetrating the mast of the tower crane 130 inside the gantry base 12. Further, by arranging the brace 18 on the outside of the frame, the strength of the gantry base 12 can be secured.

In adopting such a configuration, in FIG. 8, it is shown that the suspension member 20 is used as the diagonal member, but as shown by the alternate long and short dash line, the support member 26 that supports the gantry base 12 from below is provided. Needless to say, it may be adopted as a configuration. The type of diagonal member may be selected in consideration of the arrangement position of the foundation frame 10, the space allowance, the strength, and the like. For example, the foundation pedestal 10 located at the lowermost stage may have a suspension member 20 as a diagonal member, and the foundation pedestal 10 located at the upper stage may have a support member 26 as a diagonal member. ..

When such a foundation pedestal 10 is adopted, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, the foundation pedestal 10 is arranged in multiple stages (multiple stages including two stages, three stages in FIG. 8) according to the assembly of the skeleton 100. The mast of the tower crane 130 is inside a frame composed of a pair of base beams 14 and connecting beams 16, and is arranged so as to penetrate between the pair of pedestal beams 22.

The tower crane 130 holds the crane main body 132 by installing a foundation 130a on the foundation pedestal 10a and ascending, and then projecting a supporting means 130b such as an outrigger on the gantry beam 10c. After that, the mast is pulled up with the crane main body 132 as a base point, the foundation 130a is pulled up to the position of the foundation pedestal 10b, and then the supporting means 130c is projected to support the foundation 130a by the foundation pedestal 10b. The tower crane 130 whose mast position has been raised by this operation raises the crane body 132 again along the mast.

As described above, the foundation mount 10 of the present invention can also be applied to the floor climbing type tower crane 130. Further, when the floor climbing type tower crane 130 is adopted, even if the height of the skeleton 100 is increased, the total weight of the mast does not change, so that it can be applied to the construction of a taller building.

10 ……… Foundation mount, 12 ……… Mount base, 14 ……… Base beam, 14a ……… Adjustment mechanism, 16 ……… Connecting beam, 18 ……… Brace, 20 ……… Suspension member, 20a… …… Adjustment mechanism, 22 ………… Stand beam, 24 ………… Holding member, 26 ………… Support member, 28 ………… Bracket, 50 ………… Anchor bolt, 50a ………… First horizontal anchor bolt, 50b ………… Second horizontal anchor bolt, 50c ………… Vertical anchor bolt, 60 ………… Support hardware, 62 ………… Inner surface member, 64 ………… Outer surface member, 66 ………… Connection member, 68 …… … Stay, 70 ……… Stud bolt, 100 ……… Skeleton, 110 ……… Beam, 120 ……… Pillar, 130 ……… Tower crane, 130a ……… Foundation, 130b ……… Supporting means, 130c… …… Support means, 132 ………… Crane body.

Claims (4)

It is the foundation mount on which the mast of the tower crane is erected.
The foundation pedestal includes a plurality of base beams fixed to columns of the outer skeleton, connecting beams connecting the tips of the plurality of base beams, and a pedestal hung on the beams of the outer skeleton and the connecting beams. With a beam
It is cantilevered to the outer peripheral skeleton of the building by a diagonal member fixed to the pillar of the outer skeleton and supporting the tip end side of the foundation pedestal .
A foundation pedestal of a tower crane, characterized in that the load of the tower crane distributed between the beam and the connecting beam is transmitted to the columns of the outer peripheral skeleton through the diagonal member . The foundation pedestal of a tower crane according to claim 1, wherein the base ends of the gantry beams are fastened and fixed so as to be sandwiched between vertical anchor bolts embedded in the beams and a holding member in pairs. .. A tower crane equipped with a foundation pedestal that is cantilevered on the outer skeleton of the building.
The foundation pedestal is a pedestal that is hung on a plurality of base beams and diagonal members fixed to the columns of the outer peripheral skeleton, a connecting beam that connects the tips of the base beams, and the connecting beam and the beam of the outer skeleton. equipped with at least a beam,
A tower crane characterized in that the load of the tower crane distributed to the beam and the connecting beam is transmitted to the columns of the outer peripheral skeleton through the diagonal member . The foundation pedestal is installed in multiple stages in the height direction,
The mast of the tower crane is arranged so as to penetrate between the gantry beams constituting the foundation gantry located in the upper stage.
The tower crane according to claim 3 , wherein the mast can be pulled up from the crane body as a scaffolding on the foundation pedestal arranged in the upper stage.