JP6324736B2 - Forging method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a forging method and apparatus for forging a metal material by forging with a mold.

  When processing a metal material, in order to improve the mechanical properties of the material, it is important to optimize the crystal structure including the crystal grain size. In hot forging, a metal material is heated to a recrystallization temperature or higher and pressed with a press to form a predetermined shape, and mechanical properties are improved by utilizing changes in crystal structure. The state of the crystal structure at a predetermined position in the material varies greatly depending on the temperature at that position. For example, in the case of a nickel-based heat-resistant alloy, the structure is refined by recrystallization at a temperature of 950 ° C. or higher at a position where strain is sufficiently introduced by deformation, but if the temperature is too high at the position, for example, 1050 ° C. momentarily. When heat generation occurs up to this point, the structure after forging becomes coarse due to the growth of crystal grains. On the other hand, when the temperature is too low, the progress of recrystallization slows down, resulting in a mixed grain structure in which fine crystal grains and coarse crystal grains are mixed.

  In order to suppress the deterioration of the state of the crystal structure due to local heat generation due to nonuniform deformation of the metal material, the internal temperature is made uniform by stopping the pressurization during the processing and reheating the material. There is a means. However, when the above-described means is used, it is possible to ensure the quality of the forged product, but the manufacturing cost increases due to the addition of the manufacturing process. Therefore, in order to achieve both high quality and low manufacturing cost, it is necessary to perform processing that makes the temperature inside the metal material appropriate while reducing the number of reheating steps. Moreover, in order to implement | achieve stable production, it is necessary to manage the temperature inside a metal material during a process. In the current technology, the temperature of the surface of the material can be measured by a radiation thermometer or the like.

  As background art of this technical field, there is JP-A-5-237507 (Patent Document 1). In this Patent Document 1, “a steel material is heated or cooled to have a rolling temperature set in advance between rolling passes, and a rolling reduction is obtained by calculation according to a predetermined relational expression between the rolling temperature and the rolling reduction, The rolling of the steel material at the rolling reduction is repeated one or more times. Moreover, there exists Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2011-83790 (patent document 2). This Patent Document 2 states that “after a heated material is inserted between an upper die and a lower die, at least one of the upper die and the lower die is moved and the material is placed at a predetermined press internal pressure. A forging method in which the material is forged by pressing, and at the time of pressing the material, the mold gap between the upper mold and the lower mold is measured, and the measured value of the mold gap is measured. Is forged while changing the internal pressure of the press so that the target value of the mold gap is reached. "

JP-A-5-237507 JP 2011-83790 A

  A metal material to be processed by hot forging is heated in a heating furnace, then conveyed to a press, and pressurized by a mold. Further, a lubricant, a release agent, or the like is applied to the metal material to be processed. There are variations in operating conditions such as the temperature of the working environment, the coating thickness, and the transfer time from the heating furnace to the press. As a result, the temperature of the surface of the metal material at the start of pressurization varies from product to product, so the amount of deformation and temperature inside the material varies from product to product. Since the temperature inside the material during deformation is directly related to the crystal structure after processing, that is, the quality of the manufactured product, if the processing path is not properly corrected when the above operating conditions vary, defects may occur. is there.

Patent Document 1 discloses that processing is performed by correcting a rolling pass in accordance with a measured value of the surface temperature in order to obtain a predetermined metal structure. However, time elapses from when heating is started until processing starts. There is no description about the correction of the variation of. Therefore, in hot forging having a process in which the heating furnace is separated from the processing equipment and the material is transferred after heating until the start of processing, higher control than in Patent Document 1 is required.
Patent Document 2 discloses a control method that changes the internal pressure of a press by actually measuring a gap in a mold, but there is no description regarding control using a temperature measurement result of a material.

  The present invention suppresses operational variations during hot forging, that is, the occurrence of defects and quality variations due to variations in the temperature of the working environment, the thickness of the coating material of the metal material, and the transfer time from the heating furnace to the press. Objective.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, in the present invention, in a forging method in which a material is pressed by a mold with a press device and formed, the time for conveying the material heated in the furnace from the furnace to the press device and the upper and lower sides of the press device are 1 Processing including the relationship between the pressurization speed and stroke of the material of one of the upper and lower pairs of press dies, using information on the surface temperature of the material placed between the pair of press dies. A pass was created, and the material was forged with a press device based on the created machining pass.

  Further, in order to solve the above-described problems, a forging device that presses and molds a material with a mold, a time for conveying the material heated in the furnace from the furnace to the press device, and a pair of press dies on the upper and lower sides of the press device. An input unit for inputting information on the surface temperature of the material placed between the molds, a time for conveying the material heated in the furnace input to the input unit from the furnace to the press device, and a pair of presses on the upper and lower sides of the press device Using the information on the surface temperature of the material installed between the dies, a machining path including the relationship between the pressing speed and stroke for the material of one of the upper and lower press dies is generated. And a control unit that forges the material by controlling the press device based on the processing path generated by the processing path generation unit.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the forging method and its apparatus which are strong to the dispersion | variation in the operation at the time of the hot forging of a metal material, and manufacture a high quality forged product stably can be provided.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the outline of the forge system which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the forging method concerning Example 1 of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the method of selecting an appropriate process path | pass from the conveyance time of the raw material concerning Example 1 of this invention, and the measured value of the surface temperature at the time of installation in a press. It is a temperature waveform figure concerning Example 1 of this invention. Operating conditions (working environment temperature, heat transfer coefficient, transport time) of the reference machining path according to the first embodiment of the present invention and operating conditions (working environment temperature, heat) having a machining path prepared in advance around the reference conditions. It is the flowchart which showed the method for producing the map which showed the transmission coefficient and the conveyance time. Operating conditions (working environment temperature, heat transfer coefficient, transfer time) of the reference machining path according to the first embodiment of the present invention and operating conditions (heat transfer coefficient, transfer) including a machining path prepared in advance around the reference conditions. It is an example of the map which showed time. The flowchart which shows the method of creating a process path by the operation conditions (work environment temperature, heat transfer coefficient, conveyance time) different from the standard operation conditions (work environment temperature, heat transfer coefficient, conveyance time) concerning Example 1 of this invention. It is. It is a temperature waveform figure concerning Example 1 of this invention. It is a temperature waveform diagram which shows the relationship between the maximum temperature inside the raw material at the time of forging concerning Example 1 of this invention, and a stroke. It is a front view of the display screen of the input-output unit which displayed the some process path concerning Example 1 of this invention on the map form. It is a front view of the display screen of the input-output unit which displayed the some process path concerning Example 1 of this invention in the shape of a graph. It is a block diagram which shows the schematic structure of the forge system which concerns on Example 2 of this invention.

    Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that components having the same function are denoted by the same reference symbols throughout the drawings for describing the embodiment, and the repetitive description thereof will be omitted.

  FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a forging system 100 according to the present embodiment. The forging system 100 according to the present embodiment includes a pressing device 10 that is a forging device that presses the material 80, a heating furnace 20 that heats the material 80, and a conveying unit that conveys the material 80 from the heating furnace 20 to the pressing device 10. 30, comprising a control device 110 for controlling the press device 10. In this embodiment, the press device 10 and the control device 110 are combined and referred to as a forging device 150.

  The pressing device 10 is placed on the lower mold 12 for placing the material 80, the upper mold 11 for pressurizing the material 80 placed on the lower mold 12, and the lower mold 12. A surface temperature measuring device 60 for measuring the surface temperature of the material 80 is provided.

The control device 110 includes an input / output unit 111, a machining path calculation unit 112, and a control unit 113.
In the input / output unit 111, the surface temperature information of the material 80 placed on the lower mold 12 measured by the surface temperature measuring device 60, the environment when the conveying means 30 conveys from the heating furnace 20 to the press device 10. The environmental temperature information obtained by measuring the temperature with the thermometer 50 and the conveyance time information obtained by measuring with the clock 40 the time during which the conveyance means 30 conveys from the heating furnace 20 to the press apparatus 10 are input. Further, the input / output unit 111 outputs an input unit 121 for inputting information necessary for calculating the machining path of the press apparatus 10 by the machining path calculation unit 112 and the result calculated by the machining path calculation unit 112. The output part 122 provided with the display screen for doing is provided.

  The processing path calculation unit 112 presses the surface temperature information of the material 80 placed on the lower mold 12 measured by the surface temperature measuring device 60 input to the input / output unit 111, and is pressed from the heating furnace 20 by the conveying means 30. Environmental temperature information measured by the thermometer 50 when transporting to the apparatus 10, transport time information obtained by measuring the time of transport from the heating furnace 20 to the press apparatus 10 by the transport means 30 with the clock 40, and input A processing path of the press apparatus 10 is calculated using information on the physical property value of the material 80 input from the input unit 121 of the output unit 111, processing shape information for processing the material 80, and the like. Information relating to the machining path of the press apparatus 10 obtained by this calculation is displayed on the screen of the output unit 122 of the input / output unit 111.

  Next, the process for forging the raw material 80 using the forging system 100 described in FIG. 1 will be described using the flowchart shown in FIG.

  In step S <b> 101, the temperature of the environment where the forging operation is performed is measured by means (thermometer) 50 for measuring the temperature of the work environment, for example, an air temperature thermometer, and is input to the input unit 121 of the input / output unit 111. In step S <b> 102, the material 80 is heated by the heating furnace 20, and the material 80 is conveyed from the heating furnace 20 to the press device 10 by the conveying means 30, for example, a manipulator. In step S103, means (clock) 40, for example, a stopwatch, for measuring the working time is the time from when the material 80 leaves the heating furnace 20 until it is transported to the press device 10 (hereinafter referred to as transport time). And input to the input unit 121 of the input / output unit 111. In step S <b> 104, the surface temperature of the material immediately installed in the press apparatus 10 is measured using the temperature measuring means 60, for example, a radiation thermometer, and input to the input unit 121 of the input / output unit 111.

  In step S105, an appropriate machining path is selected by the machining path calculation unit 112 from the measured values of the working environment temperature, the conveyance time, and the material surface temperature obtained in steps S101, S103, and S104. Details of the processing in step S105 will be described later. In step S106, the control unit 113 controls the press apparatus 10 using the machining path selected in step S105 to forge the material 80 (also referred to as machining in the following description), and in steps S107 and S108, the material after forging. 80 is cooled and inspected (shape and quality).

Next, details of step S105 will be described. Details of this step are shown in FIG. That is, FIG. 3 shows an appropriate machining path in the machining path calculation unit 112 based on the operating conditions (working environment temperature, transport time, material surface temperature) actually measured and input to the input unit 121 of the input / output unit 111. It is a flowchart figure which shows the process which selects.
In FIG. 3, in step S <b> 1001, the measured values of the working environment temperature, transport time, and material surface temperature measured in steps S <b> 101, S <b> 103, and S <b> 104 are input to the input unit 121 of the input / output unit 111.

  FIG. 4 is a temperature waveform diagram showing the relationship between the conveyance time and the side surface temperature, and shows the temperature drop at the same position of the material at a predetermined environmental temperature. Curves 71, 72, and 73 show changes with time in temperature at the same position of the material when the heat transfer coefficients are set lower in the order of the numbers. When the heat transfer coefficient decreases, the amount of decrease in temperature due to heat transfer between the material and the atmosphere during the same elapsed time decreases, so the curves 71, 72, and 73 change as shown in FIG. That is, the temperature at the same time changes depending on the heat transfer coefficient. Therefore, the heat transfer coefficient between the material and the atmosphere can be identified by using the temperature waveform diagram as shown in FIG. 4 from the relationship between the conveyance time and the side surface temperature. Note that the temperature waveform diagram as shown in FIG. 4 is created by thermal analysis in which only the heat transfer coefficient is changed using the same material, for example.

  In step S1002, the material for each heat transfer coefficient created in advance in the machining path calculation unit 112 using the information on the work environment temperature, the conveyance time, and the surface temperature of the material input to the input unit 121 of the input / output unit 111 in step S1001. The heat transfer coefficient is identified using a temperature waveform diagram showing the relationship between the surface temperature and the conveyance time at a specific position.

In step S1003, the closest path is selected from the machining paths set in advance in the machining path calculation unit 112 from the work environment temperature and the conveyance time input to the input unit 121 in step S1001 and the heat transfer coefficient identified in step S1002. To do.
Next, the process of step S1003 executed in the machining path calculation unit 112 will be described. FIG. 5 shows the operating conditions (working environment temperature, heat transfer coefficient, transport time) of the standard processing path and conditions (working environment temperature, heat transfer coefficient, transport time) provided in advance around the reference conditions. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a method for creating a map showing). Here, the reference processing path refers to the speed at which the upper mold 11 or the lower mold 12 of the pressing device 10 moves (hereinafter referred to as the pressurization speed), the upper mold 11 or the lower mold. The relationship is the amount of displacement (referred to as a stroke in the following description) after the mold 12 moves and comes into contact with the material, and is data designed in advance. Further, the above-described reference machining path is designed with preset operation conditions, that is, the working environment temperature, the heat transfer coefficient, and the conveyance time (hereinafter referred to as the reference operation condition). The reference machining path data is stored in the machining path calculation unit 112.

  In step S2001, a reference machining path and a reference operation condition are acquired. In step S2002, the working environment temperature, the heat transfer coefficient, and the transfer time minimum and maximum values are set. For example, if the working environment temperature is 20 ° C. under the standard operating conditions, the winter temperature in the working environment is 5 ° C. and the summer temperature is 35 ° C., the minimum value of the working environment temperature is 5 ° C. and the maximum value is It is reasonable to set the temperature to 35 ° C. In step S2003, within the working environment temperature, heat transfer coefficient, and transfer time minimum and maximum values set in step S2002, operation conditions different from the standard operation conditions are set, and a machining path is created under the conditions. To do. The processing path creation processing in step S2003 will be described later.

  In step S2004, the operating conditions (working environment temperature, heat transfer coefficient, transfer time) set in step S2003 are displayed on a map showing the relationship between the heat transfer coefficient for each work environment temperature and the transfer time (in the following description, the map Plot. The above-mentioned map is made dimensionless by, for example, dividing the values on the vertical axis and the horizontal axis by the values on the vertical axis and the horizontal axis of the standard operating conditions, for example, with the horizontal axis representing the heat transfer coefficient and the vertical axis representing the conveyance time. (Referred to as a non-dimensional map in the following description). FIG. 6 shows an example of the dimensionless map created in step S2004. Each plot shown in FIG. 6 includes information on a machining path under each condition.

  In step S1003 in FIG. 3, the work environment temperature closest to the actual measurement value is obtained from the actual measurement values of the work environment temperature acquired in step S1001 in FIG. 3 among the work environment temperatures set in step S2003 in FIG. And the map in the said temperature is acquired from the map produced by step S2004 of FIG. The transport time acquired in step S1001 of FIG. 3 and the heat transfer coefficient value identified in step S1002 are made dimensionless by the same method as the dimensionless map created in step S2004, and plotted on the dimensionless map. From the points on the dimensionless map described above, the point having the smallest distance from the dimensionless plot point is searched, and the machining path of the point is read.

  Here, the processing path creation processing in step S2003 will be described. Details of this process are shown in FIG. In step S20001, conditions for creating a machining path are acquired from the operating conditions (working time, transfer time, heat transfer coefficient) set in step S2003 in FIG. In step S20002, the standard machining path under the conditions acquired in step S20001, that is, a case where machining is performed in a predesigned standard machining path is evaluated by thermal-deformation analysis (numerical analysis). Extract stroke relationships. Since the temperature inside the material varies depending on the evaluation position in the material, a specific evaluation index is required. For example, the maximum temperature inside the material is used as the evaluation index of the internal temperature.

In step S20003, the values of the stroke increment Δz and the pressurization speed increment Δv used in creating the machining path are set. For example, when creating a machining pass, if a pass is created at intervals of 0.1 mm stroke and the change at the time of correcting the pressurization speed is 0.1 mm / s, Δz = 0.1 and Δv = 0.1. In step S20004, an initial stroke value and an initial pressure speed are set. Here, z = 0 mm and v are the pressurization speed v0 when z = 0 mm of the standard processing pass.
FIG. 8 is a temperature waveform diagram showing the relationship between the stroke and the internal temperature. A curve 800 shows the relationship between the stroke and the internal temperature of the material 80 when processing is performed in the standard processing path under the standard operating conditions. A curve 801 and a curve 802 indicate the allowable lower limit value of the internal temperature of the material 80 and the relationship between the allowable upper limit value and the stroke, respectively.

  In step S20005, the internal temperature of the material 80 in the current stroke (the initial value of the stroke if immediately after step S20004) is calculated from the relationship between the internal temperature of the material 80 extracted in step S20002 and the stroke. In step S20006, by using the acquired value and comparing the curve 801 of FIG. 8 with the value of the internal temperature of the material 80 in the current stroke of the curve 802, the current pressurization speed (if immediately after step S20004, pressurization is performed). It is determined whether the internal temperature of the material 80 is within an allowable range in the current stroke when the processing is performed at the initial speed.

  As a result of the determination in step S20006, when it is determined that the internal temperature of the material 80 is not within the allowable range (No in the determination of S20006), the process proceeds to step S20007, where the internal temperature of the material 80 is higher than the allowable range. It is judged whether it is low or low. If it is determined in step S20007 that the internal temperature of the material 80 is too high (Yes in S20007), the process proceeds to step S20008, and if it is determined that the internal temperature of the material 80 is too low (No in S20007). Advances to step S20009.

  FIG. 9 is a temperature waveform diagram showing the relationship between the pressing speed and the internal temperature of the material. A curve 90 shows the relationship between the pressing speed and the internal temperature of the material when the upper mold 11 or the lower mold 12 is moved to a predetermined stroke. As the pressing speed increases, the internal temperature of the material increases due to processing heat generation. On the other hand, since the processing time becomes longer as the pressurization speed decreases, the surface temperature decreases due to heat transfer with the atmosphere, and the material near the surface becomes difficult to deform. Therefore, if the pressurization speed is too low, the amount of deformation inside the material increases, so that plastic strain is generated in the material 80, thereby generating heat. The heat generated by this processing (processing heat generation) increases the internal temperature of the material. For the reason described above, the curve 90 shows a different tendency between a region where the pressurization rate is low and a region where the pressurization rate is high (referred to as region A in the following description). In the region A, the internal temperature of the material increases as the pressurization rate increases, and therefore the internal temperature of the material can be controlled by changing the pressurization rate in the region.

  If it is determined in S20007 that the internal temperature of the material 80 is too high, the process proceeds to step S20008, and the pressurization speed v is set by subtracting the pressurization speed increment Δv set in step S20003 from the current pressurization speed v. Slow down. Next, proceeding to step S20010, it is confirmed whether or not the internal temperature of the material 80 is lowered by reducing the pressing speed in S20008. That is, in step S20010, it is confirmed whether or not the pressurization speed v decreased in S20008 at the time of pressing down to the current stroke is located in the region A defined in FIG.

  When the pressing speed v corrected in step S20008 is located in the above-described region A in FIG. 9 (Yes in S20010), the internal temperature of the material 80 is returned to step S20005 using the corrected pressing speed v. And the process proceeds to step S20006 to determine whether or not the internal temperature of the material 80 is within an allowable range. On the other hand, if the pressurization speed v decreased in step S20008 is not located in the above-described region A in FIG. 9 (No in S20010), the process ends because there is no solution in this process.

If it is determined in step S20007 that the internal temperature of the material 80 is too low (No in S20007), the process proceeds to step S20009 to add the pressurization speed increment Δv set in step S20003 to the current pressurization speed v. The pressurization speed is increased, and the process returns to step S20005.
In step S20005, the internal temperature of the material 80 is calculated using the pressurization speed v corrected in step S20009, and the process proceeds to step S20006 to determine whether or not the internal temperature of the material 80 is within an allowable range.

  If it is determined in step S20006 that the internal temperature of the material 80 is within the allowable range (Yes in S20006), the process proceeds to step S20011 to determine whether the stroke z has reached the preset limit value zf and the processing is completed. Whether or not z = zf: That is, when it is determined that the stroke z has reached the preset limit value zf and the machining is finished (Yes in S20011), the machining is finished.

  On the other hand, if it is determined that the stroke z has not reached the preset limit value zf and the machining has not been completed (No in S20011), the process proceeds to step S20012, and the stroke set in step S20003 is determined. By adding the increment Δz, the stroke z is updated by a minute distance, and the process returns to S20005 to calculate the internal temperature of the material 80 using the corrected stroke z. The process proceeds to step S20006, and the internal temperature of the material 80 is within the allowable range. It is determined whether or not.

  As described above, the machining path information created along the processing flow as described with reference to FIG. 7 is stored in the machining path calculation unit 112. By repeating the processing flow shown in FIG. 7 by sequentially changing the transfer time and the heat transfer coefficient by a predetermined amount in step S20001, the process time and the heat transfer coefficient are set for the reference machining path. As a plurality of machining path data different from each other, a map of machining path data having the characteristics shown in FIG. 6 is obtained (step S2004).

  FIG. 10A shows a state in which the machining path data map 1221 and the operation condition 1222 created in step S2004 are displayed on the screen 122. FIG. 10A shows a state where “machining path 8” is selected on the machining path data map 1221 (a state where step S105 shown in the flow of FIG. 2 is executed). When the “details” button 1223 is clicked on this screen, machining path data 1225 and its information 1226 as shown in FIG. 10B are displayed, and the operator can confirm the machining path data. When a “return” button 1227 is clicked on the screen of FIG. 10B, the screen of FIG. 10A is restored. On the other hand, when the “execute” button 1224 is clicked on the screen 122 of FIG. 10A, the control unit 113 controls the press apparatus 10 based on the selected processing path data, and shows the material 80 in the flow of FIG. The forging in step S106 is executed.

  In the above-described embodiment, the configuration in which the material 80 is forged by fixing the lower die 12 of the press device 10 and driving the upper die 11 up and down has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this. Alternatively, the press device 10 may be configured to forge the material 80 by driving the lower die 12 up and down while the material is fixed to the upper die 11.

  By repeating the above processing until the stroke z becomes the stroke zf at the end of machining, the relationship between the corrected pressurizing speed and the stroke is defined for each stroke, and a machining path under the operating conditions set in step S20001 is created. The

  According to the present embodiment, the pressurization speed can be adjusted by checking the internal temperature for each stroke in the forging, so that the forging can be performed while maintaining the internal temperature within the allowable range. It has become possible to obtain a high-quality forged product in a crystalline state.

In this example, in order to obtain the same effect as that of Example 1, the surface temperature of either the upper die 11 or the lower die 12 at the moment of being installed in the press device 10 of the forging device 151 was measured, and the surface of the material The temperature was estimated. The temperature of the material surface described above is estimated by, for example, performing a heat transfer analysis between the material, the mold, and the atmosphere in advance, for example, the relationship between the temperature of the mold surface and the material surface.
FIG. 11 is an example of a configuration diagram illustrating the forging system 200 according to the second embodiment.
The description of the components having the same functions as those shown in FIG. 1 to FIG.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to an above-described Example, Various modifications are included. For example, the above-described embodiments have been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Press apparatus 11 ... Upper die 12 ... Lower die 20 ... Heating furnace 30 ... Conveying means 40 ... Clock 50 ... Thermometer 60 ... Surface temperature measurement Instrument 80 ... Material 100 ... Forging system 110 ... Control device 111 ... Input / output unit 112 ... Processing path calculation unit 113 ... Control unit 150 ... Forging device.

Claims (8)

It is a forging method in which a material is pressed by a mold with a press and molded,
The pair of upper and lower sides using the information on the time for conveying the material heated in the furnace from the furnace to the press device and the surface temperature of the material placed between the upper and lower pair of press dies of the press device. Before forging a processing pass that is a relationship between a pressing speed and a stroke with respect to the material of one of the press dies , and further storing the processing pass ,
Forging method characterized by receiving a selection of a proper machining path from the map of the working path and the storage, forging the material in the press apparatus on the basis of the accepted processing path.   The forging method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the processing passes are created, and the material is forged by the press device based on a processing pass selected from the plurality of created processing passes. Method.   The forging method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the machining paths are created, the plurality of machining paths are displayed on a screen, and a machining path selected from the plurality of machining paths displayed on the screen. The forging method characterized by forging the raw material with the press device based on the above. 4. The forging method according to claim 1, wherein selecting the processing pass includes: a time for transporting the heated material to the press device; and a time for the material transported to the press device. The heat transfer coefficient between the material and air is identified using information on the surface temperature, and the stroke of one of the upper and lower molds is identified using the identified heat transfer coefficient information. Of the pair of upper and lower molds so that the temperature inside the material for each of the strokes that are sequentially increased is calculated, and the calculated temperature inside the material does not exceed a preset allowable range. A forging method, wherein a machining pass is selected from machining passes created by setting a pressing speed for the material of one of the molds. A forging device that presses and molds a material with a mold,
An input unit for inputting information on the time for conveying the material heated in the furnace from the furnace to the press device and the surface temperature of the material installed between the pair of upper and lower press molds of the press device;
Information on the time for conveying the material heated in the furnace input to the input unit from the furnace to the press device and the surface temperature of the material installed between a pair of upper and lower press dies of the press device. A machining path generation unit that preliminarily generates a machining path that is a relationship between a pressing speed and a stroke of the mold of one of the pair of upper and lower press dies, and stores the machining path; With
When forging is performed, selection of an appropriate machining path from the previously stored machining path map is accepted, and the material is forged by controlling the press device based on the received machining path. A forging device comprising: a control unit that performs the operation.   6. The forging device according to claim 5, further comprising a display screen, wherein the machining path generation unit generates a plurality of machining paths, and displays information on the plurality of generated machining paths on the display screen. Forging equipment to do.   The forging device according to claim 6, wherein the control unit forges the material by controlling the press device based on a processing path selected from among a plurality of processing paths displayed on the screen. A forging device characterized by that. 8. The forging device according to claim 5, wherein the processing pass generation unit conveys information about a time during which the material heated in the furnace input to the input unit is transported from the furnace to the press device. And a heat transfer coefficient between the material and air using the information on the surface temperature of the material installed in the press apparatus, and using the information on the identified heat transfer coefficient, the pair of upper and lower gold The temperature inside the material is calculated for each increased stroke by sequentially increasing the stroke of one of the molds so that the calculated temperature inside the material does not exceed a preset allowable range. A forging apparatus, wherein a machining pass is selected from machining passes created by setting a pressing speed for the material of one of the pair of upper and lower dies.

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