JP6321814B2 - ベンゾイミダゾール系エアロゲル材料 - Google Patents
ベンゾイミダゾール系エアロゲル材料 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6321814B2 JP6321814B2 JP2016552413A JP2016552413A JP6321814B2 JP 6321814 B2 JP6321814 B2 JP 6321814B2 JP 2016552413 A JP2016552413 A JP 2016552413A JP 2016552413 A JP2016552413 A JP 2016552413A JP 6321814 B2 JP6321814 B2 JP 6321814B2
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 198
- HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-benzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=NC2=C1 HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 52
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/0091—Preparation of aerogels, e.g. xerogels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G12/00—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen
- C08G12/02—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes
- C08G12/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with acyclic or carbocyclic compounds
- C08G12/06—Amines
- C08G12/08—Amines aromatic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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Description
ポリベンゾイミダゾール(PBI)前駆体溶液と、3,3′−ジアミノベンジジンとテレフタルアルデヒドとを、Ν,Ν′−ジメチルアセトアミド(DMAc)の溶液中、0.085〜0.190g/ccの範囲のポリマー濃度で組み合わせることにより調製した。このポリマー反応の模式的表示を図1に示す。前駆体成分を、室温(RT)で1:1モル比で組み合わせた。ジアミノベンジジンとテレフタルアルデヒドとの反応により、0.085〜0.19g/ccの範囲の濃度で赤色ゾル溶液が生成した。該ゾル溶液は、通常、室温で10〜15分以内にゲル化した。次にゲルをRTで熟成させるか、又はオーブンに移して24〜130℃の範囲の温度で熟成させ、熟成の継続時間は1時間〜16時間の間の範囲とした。次に該DMAc溶媒をエタノールと交換した。ゲル試料の一部を超臨界二酸化炭素条件を使用して乾燥し、ゲル試料の残りの部分は、臨界未満の二酸化炭素条件を使用して乾燥した。エアロゲル試料の最終密度は、0.12〜0.248g/ccの範囲であり、表面積は20〜100m2/gの間であった。
実施例1で生じたPBIエアロゲル(0.167g/cc)について、アルゴン中で熱重量分析(TGA)を実施した。この試験の結果を図2に示す。アルゴン中で1000℃に加熱した後、PBIエアロゲル試料の74.3wt%がチャー炭素として残存し、比較のPICA試料の場合は55.8wt%である。TGA分析も、PBIエアロゲルが575℃以上の温度まで熱的に安定であることを示し(図2のTGAPBI曲線により描かれたように、約575℃の温度まで最小重量損失%を示す)、比較されるPICA試料は約225℃までの熱安定性しか有しない(図2におけるTGAPICA曲線により描かれたように、約225℃で始まる有意の重量損失%を示す)。
ポリベンゾイミダゾール(PBI)前駆体溶液を、0.085〜0.122g/ccの範囲のポリマー濃度で実施例1に従って製造した。該ゾル溶液を、4×4又は6×6のいずれかの試片寸法のMorgan AM & T繊維補強材相又はOptimat 20501A繊維補強材相のいずれかに投入して、次にゲル化させる。該試料を60〜130℃の範囲の温度で16時間熟成させた。次にDMAc溶媒をエタノールと交換して、該ゲル試料を超臨界二酸化炭素を使用して乾燥した。
熱伝導度分析を該エアロゲル材料で完了した。対応するTC値(ASTM C177試験による)及びFOX TC値(LaserComp Fox 200を使用するASTM C518試験による)を表2に示す。
Claims (19)
- ベンゾイミダゾールが、1つのベンゼン環とイミダゾール環が縮合した2環芳香族有機化合物であり、重合可能である、ベンゾイミダゾール系エアロゲル。
- 請求項1に記載のベンゾイミダゾール系エアロゲルを含む繊維強化エアロゲル材料。
- 57%以上のチャー収率を有する、請求項1に記載のエアロゲル。
- 400℃以上の熱安定性を有する、請求項1に記載のエアロゲル。
- 前記ベンゾイミダゾール系エアロゲルのエアロゲルフレームワーク中のベンゾイミダゾールポリマーが、少なくとも4個のアミノ基を有するアリールアミンと少なくとも2個のアルデヒド基を有するアルデヒド化合物との反応生成物である、請求項1に記載のエアロゲル。
- 前記アリールアミンが一般式(H2N)2−(Ar)m−L−(Ar)n−(NH2)2
(式中、
Arはアリール基であり、
mは整数であり、
nは整数であり、及び
Lは、独立に、結合、単結合したO、CO、S、SO2、置換された若しくは非置換のC1〜C30アルキレン基、置換された若しくは非置換のC3〜C30シクロアルキレン基、置換された若しくは非置換のC6〜C30アリーレン基、置換された若しくは非置換のC7〜C30アルキルアリーレン基、置換された若しくは非置換のC1〜C30ヘテロアルキレン基、置換された若しくは非置換のC2〜C30ヘテロシクロアルキレン基、又は置換された若しくは非置換のC2〜C30アルケニレン基である。)
によって表される、請求項5に記載のエアロゲル。 - 前記アルデヒド化合物が一般式OCH−(Ar)P−L−(Ar)q−CHO
(式中、
Arはアリール基であり、
pは整数であり、
qは整数であり、及び
Lは、独立に、結合、単結合したO、CO、S、SO2、置換された若しくは非置換のC1〜C30アルキレン基、置換された若しくは非置換のC3〜C30シクロアルキレン基、置換された若しくは非置換のC6〜C30アリーレン基、置換された若しくは非置換のC7〜C30アルキルアリーレン基、置換された若しくは非置換のC1〜C30ヘテロアルキレン基、置換された若しくは非置換のC2〜C30ヘテロシクロアルキレン基、又は置換された若しくは非置換のC2〜C30アルケニレン基である。)
によって表される、請求項5に記載のエアロゲル。 - 前記アリールアミンがジアミノベンジジンであり、前記アルデヒド化合物がテレフタルアルデヒドである、請求項5に記載のエアロゲル。
- ベンゾイミダゾール系エアロゲルの調製方法であって、
前記ベンゾイミダゾールが、1つのベンゼン環とイミダゾール環が縮合した2環芳香族有機化合物であり、重合可能であり、下記の工程:
a.少なくとも1種の適当なモノマーを適当な溶媒中で反応させて、ポリベンゾイミダゾールゲル前駆体溶液を形成させること、
b.少なくとも1種のゲル前駆体を前記前駆体溶液中でゲル材料に移行させること、及び
c.前記ゲル材料を乾燥させて前記溶媒の少なくとも一部を除去し、ベンゾイミダゾール系エアロゲルを得ること
を含む方法。 - 前記ベンゾイミダゾール系エアロゲルの調製方法が、
a.少なくとも1種のモノマーを、適当な溶媒中で反応させてポリベンゾイミダゾールゲル前駆体溶液を形成させること、
b.前記ポリベンゾイミダゾールゲル前駆体溶液を繊維補強材相中に投入すること、
c.前記少なくとも1種のゲル前駆体を前記前駆体溶液中でゲル材料に移行させること、及び
d.前記ゲル材料を乾燥させて前記溶媒の少なくとも一部を除去し、ベンゾイミダゾール系エアロゲルを得ること
をさらに特に含む、請求項11に記載の方法。 - エアロゲルフレームワーク中のベンゾイミダゾールポリマーが、少なくとも4個のアミノ基を有するアリールアミンと少なくとも2個のアルデヒド基を有するアルデヒド化合物との反応生成物である、請求項11に記載の方法。
- エアロゲルフレームワーク中のベンゾイミダゾールポリマーが、少なくとも4個のアミノ基を有するアリールアミンと少なくとも2個のアルデヒド基を有するアルデヒド化合物との反応生成物である、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記アリールアミンが、一般式(H2N)2−(Ar)m−L−(Ar)n−(NH2)2
(式中、Arはアリール基であり、
mは整数であり、
nは整数であり、及び
Lは、独立に、結合、単結合したO、CO、S、SO2、置換された若しくは非置換のC1〜C30アルキレン基、置換された若しくは非置換のC3〜C30シクロアルキレン基、置換された若しくは非置換のC6〜C30アリーレン基、置換された若しくは非置換のC7〜C30アルキルアリーレン基、置換された若しくは非置換のC1〜C30ヘテロアルキレン基、置換された若しくは非置換のC2〜C30ヘテロシクロアルキレン基、又は置換された若しくは非置換のC2〜C30アルケニレン基である。)
によって表される、請求項13に記載の方法。 - 前記アルデヒド化合物が、一般式OCH−(Ar)P−L−(Ar)q-CHO
(式中、
Arはアリール基であり、
pは整数であり、
qは整数であり、及び
Lは、独立に、結合、単結合したO、CO、S、SO2、置換された若しくは非置換のC1〜C30アルキレン基、置換された若しくは非置換のC3〜C30シクロアルキレン基、置換された若しくは非置換のC6〜C30アリーレン基、置換された若しくは非置換のC7〜C30アルキルアリーレン基、置換された若しくは非置換のC1〜C30ヘテロアルキレン基、置換された若しくは非置換のC2〜C30ヘテロシクロアルキレン基、又は置換された若しくは非置換のC2〜C30アルケニレン基である。)
によって表される、請求項13に記載の方法。 - 前記アリールアミンがジアミノベンジジンであり、前記アルデヒド化合物がテレフタルアルデヒドである、請求項13に記載の方法。
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