JP6316321B2 - 炭素を富化したバイオマス材料の製造方法 - Google Patents
炭素を富化したバイオマス材料の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6316321B2 JP6316321B2 JP2015556482A JP2015556482A JP6316321B2 JP 6316321 B2 JP6316321 B2 JP 6316321B2 JP 2015556482 A JP2015556482 A JP 2015556482A JP 2015556482 A JP2015556482 A JP 2015556482A JP 6316321 B2 JP6316321 B2 JP 6316321B2
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- Prior art keywords
- carbon
- enriched
- oxygen
- lignocellulosic
- reaction vessel
- Prior art date
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 60
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 54
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims description 50
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 40
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 59
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000012978 lignocellulosic material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
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- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- NOEGNKMFWQHSLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-hydroxymethylfurfural Chemical compound OCC1=CC=C(C=O)O1 NOEGNKMFWQHSLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N acetaldehyde Chemical compound [14CH]([14CH3])=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- KLIDCXVFHGNTTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dimethoxyphenol Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(OC)=C1O KLIDCXVFHGNTTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- MLUCVPSAIODCQM-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonaldehyde Chemical compound C\C=C\C=O MLUCVPSAIODCQM-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MLUCVPSAIODCQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N crotonaldehyde Natural products CC=CC=O MLUCVPSAIODCQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000009123 Fibrin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010073385 Fibrin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- BWGVNKXGVNDBDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fibrin monomer Chemical compound CNC(=O)CNC(=O)CN BWGVNKXGVNDBDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000218657 Picea Species 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000809 air pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001243 air pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003225 biodiesel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002240 furans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960001867 guaiacol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002029 lignocellulosic biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010876 untreated wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001221 xylan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004823 xylans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
- C10L5/447—Carbonized vegetable substances, e.g. charcoal, or produced by hydrothermal carbonization of biomass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
- C10L9/02—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by chemical means
- C10L9/06—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by chemical means by oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
- C10L9/08—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by heat treatments, e.g. calcining
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
- C10L9/08—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by heat treatments, e.g. calcining
- C10L9/083—Torrefaction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
- C10L2200/04—Organic compounds
- C10L2200/0461—Fractions defined by their origin
- C10L2200/0469—Renewables or materials of biological origin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2230/00—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole
- C10L2230/10—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole for adding an odor to the fuel or combustion products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2230/00—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole
- C10L2230/14—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole for improving storage or transport of the fuel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2230/00—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole
- C10L2230/22—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole for improving fuel economy or fuel efficiency
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/02—Combustion or pyrolysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/06—Heat exchange, direct or indirect
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/08—Drying or removing water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
- C10L2290/14—Injection, e.g. in a reactor or a fuel stream during fuel production
- C10L2290/148—Injection, e.g. in a reactor or a fuel stream during fuel production of steam
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
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Description
1. 貯蔵中及び自己発熱中に、一酸化炭素を形成する。
2. 健康、安全性及び環境(HSE)問題の点で問題のある、他の揮発性有機化合物(VOC)を放出する。
3. ホワイトペレットの乏しい機械的強度及び形状安定性が取扱いの困難さを生じる。例えば、粉塵残留物は、特に貯蔵及び輸送中に粉塵爆発等の危険性を生じる摩擦により形成される。
4. ホワイトペレットは、膨張及び/又は分解を導く湿分及び湿度に対して高い感受性がある。従って、貯蔵及び輸送が複雑になる。
5. ホワイトペレットは、約550〜650kg/m3の低いかさ密度を有する。ホワイトペレットの“真発熱量”(LHV)(LHV=16〜18MJ/kg)は、未処理の未乾燥木材の真発熱量に相当する。従って、エネルギー密度(体積当たりのLHV)は低い。
6. 弾性繊維を含むホワイトペレットの粘稠度は、粉砕に不適格であり、かつこのことによりホワイトペレットを、ラージスケールの又は工業的な塵芥燃焼バーナーの適用のための使用に不適切となる。
− 蒸気処理又は蒸気爆発(SE)
− 焙焼(TF)、及び
− 水熱炭化(HTC)。
(i)出発材料としてリグノセルロース材料を提供する工程、
(ii)前記出発材料を、高温で、部分酸化条件下で、反応容器中で処理する工程、
(iii)前記反応容器を開放する工程、及び
(iv)場合により、反応混合物から固体生成物を分離する工程
を含む炭素を富化したバイオマス材料の製造方法に関する。
(i)出発材料としてリグノセルロース材料を提供する工程、
(ii)前記出発材料を、160〜270℃で、部分酸化条件下で、蒸気の存在で10〜50barの範囲の圧力で、反応容器中で処理する工程、
(iii)前記反応容器を開放する工程、及び
(iv)反応混合物から固体生成物を分離する工程
を含む炭素を富化したバイオマス材料の製造方法に関する。
45〜60%のC、有利には50〜55%のC、
5〜8%のH、有利には5.5〜6.5%のH、
32〜50%のO、有利には36〜42%のO、及び
1%以下、有利には0.5%以下の不純物、例えば硫黄及び窒素。
空の反応容器(約11m3)を、約680kg(乾燥基準)の粉砕した主にトウヒに由来する木粉で装填した。反応容器を、約50体積%の充填グレードまで充填した。測定した木粉中の残湿分は、約35質量%であった。木粉の粒径は、1〜5mmの範囲であった。
53.5%のC、
39.8%のO、
5.9%のH、
0.11%未満のN。
(i)出発材料としてリグノセルロース材料を提供する工程、
(ii)前記出発材料を、高温で、部分酸化条件下で、反応容器中で処理する工程、
(iii)前記反応容器を開放する工程、及び
(iv)場合により、反応混合物から固体生成物を分離する工程
を含む、炭素を富化したバイオマス材料の製造方法。
(v)工程(iv)において得られた固体生成物を乾燥する工程
を含む、項目1から13までのいずれか1項目に記載の方法。
(vi)工程(iv)又は(v)において得られた固体生成物をペレット化する工程
を含む、項目1から14までのいずれか1項目に記載の方法。
(i)出発材料としてリグノセルロース材料を提供する工程、
(ii)前記出発材料を、160〜270℃で、部分酸化条件下で、10〜50barの範囲の圧力で、蒸気の存在で、反応容器中で処理する工程、
(iii)前記反応容器を開放する工程、及び
(iv)反応混合物から固体生成物を分離する工程
を含む、項目1から16までのいずれか1項目に記載の方法。
45〜60%のC、有利には50〜55%のC、
5〜8%のH、有利には5.5〜6.5%のH、
32〜50%のO、有利には36〜42%のO、及び
1%以下の不純物、例えばS及びN
である、炭素を富化したバイオマス材料。
Claims (17)
- 炭素を富化したバイオマス材料の製造方法であって、
(i)出発材料としてリグノセルロース材料を提供する工程、
(ii)前記出発材料を、120℃〜320℃の範囲の温度で、酸素の準化学量論量の存在下で、0.15〜0.45mol/kg(乾燥リグノセルロース材料)の範囲のO 2 又はO 2 当量の濃度で、密閉した反応容器中で処理する工程、但しリグノセルロース材料の完全燃焼は酸素の化学量論量を必要とするものとする、
(iii)前記反応容器を開放する工程、及び
(iv)反応混合物から固体生成物を分離する工程
を含む、炭素を富化したバイオマス材料の製造方法。 - 前記リグノセルロース出発材料が維管束植物に由来し、前記リグノセルロース出発材料が、10〜70質量%の残湿分を有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記リグノセルロース出発材料が、リグノセルロース木材、穀物、わら、緑樹、紙くず、藻類、又はそれらの混合物である、請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 前記工程(ii)を、150℃〜280℃の範囲の温度で実施する、請求項1から3までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程(ii)を、1〜100barの範囲の絶対圧で実施する、請求項1から4までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程(ii)を、酸素、酸素含有ガス、酸素供与体、又はそれらの混合物の存在下で実施する、請求項1から5までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記工程(ii)を、蒸気、水及び/又はガスの存在下で実施する、請求項1から6までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 以下、
(i)出発材料としてリグノセルロース材料を提供する工程、
(ii)前記出発材料を、160〜270℃で、酸素の準化学量論量の存在下で、0.15〜0.45mol/kg(乾燥リグノセルロース材料)の範囲のO 2 又はO 2 当量の濃度で、10〜50barの範囲の圧力で、蒸気の存在で、反応容器中で処理する工程、但しリグノセルロース材料の完全燃焼は酸素の化学量論量を必要とするものとする、
(iii)前記反応容器を開放する工程、及び
(iv)反応混合物から固体生成物を分離する工程
を含む、請求項1から7までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記工程(ii)を、0.27〜0.35mol/kg(乾燥リグノセルロース材料)の範囲のO2又はO2当量の濃度で実施する、請求項1から8までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記反応容器の開放(工程(iii))を制御して、0.01〜1bar/秒の速度で反応容器を減圧する、請求項1から9までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記方法が、さらに、
(v)工程(iv)において得られた固体生成物を乾燥する工程
を含む、請求項1から10までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 前記方法が、さらに、
(vi)工程(iv)又は(v)において得られた固体生成物をペレット化する工程
を含む、請求項11に記載の方法。 - 工程(iv)において得られた固体生成物の炭素濃度が、工程(i)において提供された出発材料の炭素濃度と比較して、5〜25質量%富化されている、請求項1から12までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1から13までのいずれか1項に記載の方法によって得られる炭素を富化したバイオマス材料であって、5−ヒドロキシメチルフルフラール(HMF)、フルフラール(FU)、アルデヒド、フェノール及び/又はフェノール誘導体の濃度が、20mg/m 3 未満であり、該濃度が、ヘッドスペースガスクロマトグラフィーにより測定される、炭素を富化したバイオマス材料。
- 請求項14に記載の炭素を富化したバイオマス材料であって、その生成物の元素組成が、
45〜60%のC、
5〜8%のH、
32〜50%のO、及び
1%以下の不純物
である、炭素を富化したバイオマス材料。 - 請求項14又は15に記載の炭素を富化したバイオマス材料を含むペレット。
- 燃焼プロセスにおける、請求項14又は15に記載の炭素を富化したバイオマス材料又は請求項16に記載のペレットの使用。
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PCT/EP2014/052222 WO2014122163A1 (en) | 2013-02-07 | 2014-02-05 | Method of producing carbon-enriched biomass material |
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ES2660426T3 (es) | 2015-11-18 | 2018-03-22 | SWISS KRONO Tec AG | Tablero de material derivado de la madera OSB (oriented strand board) con propiedades mejoradas y procedimiento para su producción |
DE102016201801A1 (de) | 2015-11-21 | 2017-05-24 | Suncoal Industries Gmbh | Partikelförmiges Kohlenstoffmaterial herstellbar aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
PT3178622T (pt) | 2015-12-07 | 2018-10-30 | SWISS KRONO Tec AG | Processo para a produção de uma placa de derivados da madeira com emissão reduzida de compostos orgânicos voláteis (voc) |
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EP3517592A1 (de) | 2018-01-30 | 2019-07-31 | Amandus Kahl GmbH & Co. KG | System und verfahren zum herstellen von biomasse-pellets |
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US20150376530A1 (en) | 2015-12-31 |
UA117127C2 (uk) | 2018-06-25 |
KR20160005326A (ko) | 2016-01-14 |
AU2014214034A1 (en) | 2015-09-03 |
JP2016511308A (ja) | 2016-04-14 |
EP2765178A1 (en) | 2014-08-13 |
RU2650109C2 (ru) | 2018-04-09 |
CA2900092A1 (en) | 2014-08-14 |
WO2014122163A1 (en) | 2014-08-14 |
CN105164235A (zh) | 2015-12-16 |
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US10119088B2 (en) | 2018-11-06 |
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