JP6296867B2 - Installation method of stratified settlement meter and stratified settlement measurement system - Google Patents
Installation method of stratified settlement meter and stratified settlement measurement system Download PDFInfo
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Description
本発明は、逆打ち工法による地下工事と併行して層別沈下を計測するための層別沈下計を設置する方法および層別沈下計測システムに関するものである。 The present invention relates to a method of installing a stratified settlement meter for measuring stratified settlement in parallel with underground work by a reverse driving method, and to a stratified settlement measurement system.
逆打ち工法は、先ず本体構造の１階床を構築し、この床を利用して下方へ掘り下げて順次地下階の躯体を施工して行くとともに、これと併行して地上部の躯体を施工する工法であり、工期の短縮化を図ることができるという利点を有する。 The reverse driving method first builds the first floor of the main structure, digs downward using this floor, and constructs the underground floor frame in sequence, and simultaneously constructs the above-ground frame. This is a construction method and has the advantage that the construction period can be shortened.
このような逆打ち工法においては、地下工事および地上工事を併行して進めるために、掘削による地盤の沈下・浮き上がりや構真柱の軸圧縮量の影響などを受けて、先行床が複雑な挙動を示す。このため、先行床の安全性を管理するためには、地盤の沈下・浮き上がり量や構真柱の軸圧縮量について、実測データを収集することが重要になる。 In such a reverse driving method, in order to proceed with underground work and ground work in parallel, the behavior of the preceding floor is complicated due to subsidence and lifting of the ground due to excavation and the influence of axial compression of the column. Indicates. For this reason, in order to manage the safety of the preceding floor, it is important to collect measured data on the amount of ground subsidence / lifting and the amount of axial compression of the structural pillar.
一方、従来、地盤の層別沈下を測定する方法として、図８に示すように、測定点においてボーリングにより形成された孔３０内に、複数のアンカー３１と、これらアンカー３１と地表に設置する変換部（変位計）３２とを接続する計測ワイヤー３３を挿入し、各々のアンカー３１を拡径させて地表から所定の深さ位置に固定して、当該アンカー３１と地表との鉛直変位を計測する方法が知られている。
なお、下記特許文献１、２には、同様の地盤の層別沈下の測定方法が開示されている。
On the other hand, conventionally, as shown in FIG. 8, as a method for measuring the subsidence of the ground, a plurality of anchors 31 and conversions installed on the ground surface in the holes 30 formed by boring at measurement points are provided. A measurement wire 33 for connecting a portion (displacement meter) 32 is inserted, each anchor 31 is expanded in diameter and fixed at a predetermined depth position from the ground surface, and the vertical displacement between the anchor 31 and the ground surface is measured. The method is known.
In addition, the following patent documents 1 and 2 have disclosed the same measurement method of subsidence of ground.
ところで、この種の層別沈下の測定方法を用いて、逆打ち工法における地盤の挙動を測定する場合には、図９に示すように、逆打ち工法によって、先ず所定位置に構真柱４１を設置し、各構真柱４１の下部に構真柱杭４２を打設するとともに、本体構造の１階床４０を先行して構築する。 By the way, when measuring the behavior of the ground in the reverse driving method using this type of subsidence measurement method, as shown in FIG. It is installed, and a structural pillar pile 42 is placed under each structural pillar 41, and the first floor 40 of the main body structure is constructed in advance.
そして、構真柱４１が設置されていない位置に、保護管３４を埋設し、この保護管３４を用いてボーリングにより図８に示した孔３０を所定の深度まで形成した後に、上記保護管３４から孔３０内に、アンカー３１および計測ワイヤー３３を挿入して、各々のアンカー３１を所定の深度位置に固定するとともに、１階の床４０に変換部（変位計）３２を設置する。そして、１階の床４０を利用して、地盤Ｇを下方へ掘り下げて、順次地下階の躯体を施工して行く際に、アンカー３１と地表との鉛直変位を計測する。 Then, a protective tube 34 is embedded at a position where the structural pillar 41 is not installed, and the protective tube 34 is formed by boring the hole 30 shown in FIG. The anchor 31 and the measurement wire 33 are inserted into the hole 30 to fix each anchor 31 at a predetermined depth position, and a conversion unit (displacement meter) 32 is installed on the floor 40 on the first floor. Then, using the floor 40 on the first floor, the ground G is dug down, and the vertical displacement between the anchor 31 and the ground surface is measured when the basement floor structures are sequentially constructed.
この際に、１階の床４０から保護管３４や計測ワイヤー３３が吊り下げられた状態のままでは、地下階の本体工事に支障をきたす。このため、図１０に示すように、地盤Ｇの掘削の進捗に応じて、各段階で保護管３４および計測ワイヤー３３を切断して、変換部３２を順次下階の床４３上に移設して行き、掘削完了時には、図１１に示すように上記変換部３２を基礎底直下に移設する必要がある。 At this time, if the protective tube 34 and the measuring wire 33 are suspended from the floor 40 on the first floor, the main work of the basement floor is hindered. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 10, according to the progress of the excavation of the ground G, the protective tube 34 and the measuring wire 33 are cut at each stage, and the conversion unit 32 is sequentially moved onto the floor 43 on the lower floor. At the time of going and excavation completion, it is necessary to move the conversion part 32 directly below the foundation bottom as shown in FIG.
このため、上記段取り替えの作業に、多くの手間を要するとともに、掘削中に重機によって保護管３４や計測ワイヤー３３等の計測機器が損傷を受け易く、計測不能になる可能性が高いという問題点があった。 For this reason, the above-mentioned setup change work requires a lot of labor, and measuring equipment such as the protective tube 34 and the measuring wire 33 is easily damaged by heavy machinery during excavation, and there is a high possibility that measurement will be impossible. was there.
また、上記計測は、もっぱら地盤Ｇの挙動を対象としたものであるのに対して、逆打ち工法においては、上部構造が併行して構築されて行くために、上記地盤Ｇの挙動と共に構真柱４１の軸圧縮量を把握することが重要である。このため、当該軸圧縮量の測定データを得るための計測機器を、別途設置する必要があり、測定のための手間およびコストが一段と嵩むという問題点もあった。 In addition, the above measurement is mainly intended for the behavior of the ground G. On the other hand, in the reverse driving method, since the superstructure is built in parallel, It is important to grasp the axial compression amount of the column 41. For this reason, it is necessary to separately install a measuring device for obtaining measurement data of the axial compression amount, and there is a problem that the labor and cost for the measurement are further increased.
本発明は、上記事情に鑑みてなされたもので、設置が容易であり、かつ掘削により層別沈下計が損傷を受ける恐れ無く、逆打ち工法による地下工事と併行して層別沈下を計測することができるとともに、ひいては上記層別沈下計のみで構真柱の軸圧縮量も計測することが可能になる層別沈下計の設置方法および層別沈下計測システムを提供することを課題とするものである。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and is easy to install, and the stratified settlement is measured in parallel with the underground construction by the reverse driving method without damaging the stratified settlement meter due to excavation. It is possible to provide a method for installing a stratified settlement meter and a stratified settlement measurement system that can measure the axial compression amount of the true pillar only by the stratified settlement meter. It is.
上記課題を解決するため、請求項１に記載の発明は、逆打ち工法による地下工事と併行して層別沈下を計測する層別沈下計を設置するための方法であって、構真柱に保護管を固定し、この保護管が固定された構真柱を建て込んだ後に、上記保護管にボーリングマシンのロッドを挿入して上記層別沈下計の最下段のアンカーを設置する深度まで削孔し、次いで形成された孔内に計測ワイヤーおよびこの計測ワイヤーに連結された複数のアンカーを挿入し、各々のアンカーを所定の深度位置に固定するとともに、上記保護管の上部に上記計測ワイヤーの上端部が連結された変位計または変換器を設置することを特徴とするものである。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention described in claim 1 is a method for installing a stratified settlement meter that measures stratified settlement in parallel with the underground work by the reverse driving method. After fixing the protective tube and erected the true pillar with the protective tube fixed, insert the boring machine rod into the protective tube and cut down to the depth to install the bottom anchor of the stratified settlement meter. Then, a measuring wire and a plurality of anchors connected to the measuring wire are inserted into the formed hole, each anchor is fixed at a predetermined depth position, and the measuring wire is placed above the protective tube. A displacement meter or a converter having an upper end connected thereto is installed.
さらに、請求項２に記載の発明は、層別沈下計測システムに係る発明であって、構真柱に固定された保護管と、この保護管から削孔された孔内に挿入された計測ワイヤーと、上記計測ワイヤーの下端部に連結されて上記孔内の複数個所に固定されたアンカーと、上記保護管の上端部に設置されて上記計測ワイヤーの上端部が連結された変位計または変換器とを備えてなることを特徴とするものである。 Further, the invention according to claim 2 is an invention relating to a stratified settlement measurement system, wherein a protection tube fixed to a stem column and a measurement wire inserted into a hole drilled from the protection tube And an anchor connected to the lower end of the measurement wire and fixed at a plurality of positions in the hole, and a displacement meter or transducer installed at the upper end of the protective tube and connected to the upper end of the measurement wire It is characterized by comprising.
請求項１〜２のいずれかに記載の発明によれば、保護管を構真柱に固定して当該構真柱と一体に建て込み、上記保護管を用いたボーリングにより孔を形成した後に、上記保護管内から孔内にアンカーおよび計測ワイヤーを挿入して設置するとともに、構真柱の上部に変位計または変換器を設置しているために、保護管や計測機器が地下工事に支障をきたすことが無い。 According to the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 2 , after fixing the protective tube to the structural pillar and building it integrally with the structural pillar, after forming the hole by boring using the protective tube, Since the anchor and measuring wire are inserted from the inside of the protective tube into the hole and installed, and a displacement meter or transducer is installed on the upper part of the structural pillar, the protective tube and measuring device interfere with the underground work. There is nothing.
このため、保護管や計測ワイヤーの切断や変換器の移設等の作業を行う必要がなく、継続して計測を行うことができ、よって測定のための手間およびコストを大幅に低減させることが可能になる。 For this reason, it is not necessary to perform work such as cutting the protective tube or measuring wire or moving the transducer, and measurement can be performed continuously, thus greatly reducing labor and cost for measurement. become.
以下、図面を参照しつつ、本発明に係る層別沈下計の設置方法および層別沈下計測システムの一実施形態について説明する。
先ず、逆打ち工法において、山留壁Ｗを構築して地盤Ｇに構真柱１を建て込む（図６参照）前に、図２に示すように、予め構真柱１に保護管２を取付金物３によって固定しておく。この際に、後工程において、構真柱１の下端部分は構真柱杭４（図３参照）中に埋設されるために、保護管２の下端が上記構真柱杭４の上面レベルとなるように配置する。
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a stratified settlement meter installation method and a stratified settlement measurement system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
First, as shown in FIG. 2, before the construction wall 1 is constructed on the ground G (see FIG. 6), as shown in FIG. It is fixed by the mounting hardware 3. At this time, in the subsequent process, since the lower end portion of the structural pillar 1 is embedded in the structural pillar pile 4 (see FIG. 3), the lower end of the protective tube 2 is the upper surface level of the structural pillar pile 4 Arrange so that
また、構真柱１として図１に示すような十字状の鉄骨を用いる場合には、保護管２を構真柱１の内部の角隅部に沿って延在するように固定する。なお、上記構真柱１としてＨ形鋼を用いる場合には、当該構真柱の内部のフランジとウエブとが交差する角隅部に配置する。いずれにしても、構真柱の外表面よりも内方に位置する個所に配置することが好ましい。 Further, when a cross-shaped steel frame as shown in FIG. 1 is used as the construction pillar 1, the protective tube 2 is fixed so as to extend along the corners inside the construction pillar 1. In addition, when using H-section steel as the said true pillar 1, it arrange | positions in the corner | angular corner where the flange and web inside the said true pillar cross | intersect. In any case, it is preferable to arrange at a position located inward from the outer surface of the stem column.
次に、図３に示すように、地盤Ｇを削孔して構真柱１を建て込み、下方の空間に配筋してコンクリートを打設することにより構真柱杭４を構築した後に、構真柱１の周囲を埋め戻す。 Next, as shown in FIG. 3, after constructing the pillar column 4 by drilling the ground G and building the pillar column 1, arranging the concrete in the lower space and placing concrete, Backfill the area around the construction pillar 1.
このようにして保護管２が固定された構真柱１の施工が完了した後に、図４に示すように、地盤Ｇ上に架台５を設置して、この架台５上にボーリングマシン６を固定する。そして、そのロッド６ａを保護管２内に挿入し、先端部のビットにより削孔して、構真柱杭４を貫通するとともに地盤Ｇ中を層別沈下計の最下段のアンカーが設置される深度（通常、不動層）まで達する孔７を形成する。 After the construction of the pillar 1 with the protective tube 2 fixed in this way is completed, a base 5 is installed on the ground G and the boring machine 6 is fixed on the base 5 as shown in FIG. To do. Then, the rod 6a is inserted into the protective tube 2, drilled with a bit at the tip, penetrates the built-up pillar pile 4, and the bottom anchor of the stratified settlement meter is installed in the ground G. A hole 7 reaching the depth (usually the immobile layer) is formed.
次いで、ボーリングマシン６およびロッド６ａを撤去して、図５に示すように、保護管２内に計測ワイヤー８に連結された複数のアンカー９を挿入し、各々のアンカー９を地盤Ｇの沈下または浮き上がりを計測すべき深度に配置する。この際に、最上部のアンカー９を、構真柱杭の上端部に対応する位置Ｐ１に配置するとともに、最下段のアンカー９を孔７の最深部Ｐ２に配置する。そして、保護管２の上部から、各アンカー９に水圧を加えて拡径させることにより、各アンカー９を地盤Ｇに固定する。また、孔７のアンカー９間の空隙には、地盤の強度に見合った強度、より具体的には地盤の強度よりも低い強度のベントナイトモルタルを充填する。 Next, the boring machine 6 and the rod 6a are removed, and a plurality of anchors 9 connected to the measuring wire 8 are inserted into the protective tube 2 as shown in FIG. Place the lift at the depth at which it should be measured. At this time, the uppermost anchor 9 is disposed at the position P 1 corresponding to the upper end portion of the frame pillar pile, and the lowermost anchor 9 is disposed at the deepest portion P 2 of the hole 7. And each anchor 9 is fixed to the ground G by applying a hydraulic pressure to each anchor 9 and expanding the diameter from the upper part of the protective tube 2. Further, the space between the anchors 9 in the hole 7 is filled with bentonite mortar having a strength corresponding to the strength of the ground, more specifically, a strength lower than the strength of the ground.
さらに、図１および図５に示すように、保護管２の上端部に、計測ワイヤー８の上端部が連結された変位計または変換器１０を設置する。なお、変位計は、計測ワイヤー８の変位から各アンカー９の鉛直方向の相対変位を計測するものであり、また変換器１０は、計測ワイヤー８によって計測された各アンカー９の鉛直方向の相対変位を、デジタル信号に変換して通信線１１から図示されないデータ処理装置に送信するものである。 Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, a displacement meter or a converter 10 in which the upper end portion of the measurement wire 8 is connected is installed at the upper end portion of the protective tube 2. The displacement meter measures the relative displacement in the vertical direction of each anchor 9 from the displacement of the measurement wire 8, and the transducer 10 measures the relative displacement in the vertical direction of each anchor 9 measured by the measurement wire 8. Is converted into a digital signal and transmitted from the communication line 11 to a data processing device (not shown).
これにより、上記層別沈下計の設置が完了する。
図６は、このようにして山留壁Ｗ、構真柱１の建込みおよび本体構造の１階床Ｆが完了して、地盤Ｇの掘削を開始する前の状態を示すものである。
Thereby, the installation of the stratified settlement meter is completed.
FIG. 6 shows a state before the excavation of the ground G is started after the mountain wall W, the construction of the construction pillar 1 and the first floor F of the main body structure are completed.
以上説明したように、上記構成からなる層別沈下計の設置方法および当該設置方法によって設置された層別沈下計測システムによれば、保護管２を取付金物３によって構真柱１の内部に固定して構真柱１と一体に建て込み、この保護管２を用いたボーリングによって孔７を形成した後に、保護管２内から孔７内にアンカー９および計測ワイヤー８を挿入して設置するとともに、構真柱２の上部に変換器１０を設置しているために、図６に見られるように、地盤Ｇの掘削を進めて地下工事を行う際に、保護管２や計測ワイヤー８、アンカー９および変換器１０等の計測機器が支障になることが無い。 As described above, according to the installation method of the stratified settlement meter having the above-described configuration and the stratified settlement measurement system installed by the installation method, the protective tube 2 is fixed to the inside of the structural pillar 1 by the mounting hardware 3. Then, after being built integrally with the structural pillar 1 and forming the hole 7 by boring using the protective tube 2, the anchor 9 and the measuring wire 8 are inserted into the hole 7 from the protective tube 2 and installed. Since the converter 10 is installed on the upper part of the structural pillar 2, as shown in FIG. 6, when excavating the ground G and performing underground work, the protective tube 2, the measuring wire 8, the anchor 9 and the measuring instrument such as the converter 10 do not become an obstacle.
このため、下方への掘削の進行に伴って、従来のように保護管や計測ワイヤーを切断したり、あるいは変換器を移設したりする等の作業を行う必要がなく、地盤Ｇの掘削および地下躯体１３の構築と併行して、継続的に計測を行うことができ、よって測定のための手間およびコストを大幅に低減させることが可能になる。 For this reason, with the progress of excavation downward, it is not necessary to perform work such as cutting the protective tube or the measurement wire or moving the transducer as in the conventional case, and excavation of the ground G and underground In parallel with the construction of the housing 13, it is possible to continuously measure, and thus it is possible to greatly reduce the labor and cost for the measurement.
加えて、層別沈下計の最上段のアンカー９を、構真柱杭４の上端部に対応する位置Ｐ１に配置しているために、このアンカー９と保護管２の上端部に設置した変換器１０との間の鉛直方向の相対変位を計測することにより、上部構造１２や地下躯体１３を構築して行くことによって変化する構真柱１の軸圧縮量を計測することができる。 In addition, since the uppermost anchor 9 of the stratified settlement meter is disposed at the position P 1 corresponding to the upper end of the structural pillar pile 4, the anchor 9 is installed at the upper end of the protective tube 2. By measuring the relative displacement in the vertical direction with respect to the converter 10, it is possible to measure the amount of axial compression of the structural pillar 1 that changes as the superstructure 12 and the underground frame 13 are constructed.
この結果、別途構真柱の軸圧縮量を計測するための計測機器を設置することなく、上記層別沈下計のみによって、地盤Ｇの沈下・浮き上がり等の挙動と構真柱１の軸圧縮量とを計測することができる。 As a result, without setting up a separate measuring instrument to measure the axial compression amount of the structural pillar, the behavior of the ground G, such as the settlement and lifting of the ground G, and the axial compression amount of the structural pillar 1 can be obtained only by the above-mentioned stratified settlement meter. And can be measured.
１ 構真柱
２ 保護管
６ ボーリングマシン
６ａ ロッド
７ 孔
８ 計測ワイヤー
９ アンカー
１０ 変換器（変位計）
Ｇ 地盤
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Construction pillar 2 Protective tube 6 Boring machine 6a Rod 7 Hole 8 Measuring wire 9 Anchor 10 Converter (displacement meter)
G ground
Claims (2)
構真柱に保護管を固定し、この保護管が固定された構真柱を建て込んだ後に、上記保護管にボーリングマシンのロッドを挿入して上記層別沈下計の最下段のアンカーを設置する深度まで削孔し、次いで形成された孔内に計測ワイヤーおよびこの計測ワイヤーに連結された複数のアンカーを挿入し、各々のアンカーを所定の深度位置に固定するとともに、上記保護管の上部に上記計測ワイヤーの上端部が連結された変位計または変換器を設置することを特徴とする層別沈下計の設置方法。 It is a method for installing a stratum subsidence meter that measures stratum subsidence in parallel with the underground work by the reverse driving method,
A protective tube is fixed to the structural column, and after the structural column with this protective tube fixed is installed, a boring machine rod is inserted into the protective tube to install the bottom anchor of the stratified settlement meter. Drill a hole to the depth to be cut, and then insert a measurement wire and a plurality of anchors connected to the measurement wire into the formed hole to fix each anchor at a predetermined depth position, and to the upper part of the protective tube A method for installing a subsidence gauge according to the above-mentioned method, wherein a displacement meter or a transducer connected to the upper end of the measurement wire is installed.
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| CN110016906A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-16 | 中交上海航道勘察设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of sedimentation plate fixing means of the barged-in fill sedimentation of observation on the water |
| WO2021140596A1 (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2021-07-15 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | Measurement system and measurement method |
| CN111254996B (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2024-05-28 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Rock foundation blasting excavation layered rebound deformation measurement system and method |
| CN115450267B (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2023-10-27 | 中国葛洲坝集团勘测设计有限公司 | Relay installation and burying structure and method for earth-rock dam settling tube |
| CN115950396B (en) * | 2023-03-15 | 2023-06-09 | 山西金宝岛基础工程有限公司 | Integrated surface and underground settlement monitoring device and method |
| CN117570920B (en) * | 2023-11-23 | 2024-05-10 | 陕西华山路桥集团有限公司 | Recyclable layered settlement measurement device and method |
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