JP6289888B2 - Damping damper for structures - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a vibration damper for a structure that suppresses vibrations of structures such as buildings and bridges during an earthquake, and in particular, can efficiently absorb seismic energy against a large displacement of the structure during an earthquake. The present invention relates to a vibration damper for a structure using a possible deformation of elastic rubber.

  Oil dampers, air dampers, viscoelastic dampers, and elastic rubber dampers are known as damping dampers for structures.

Japanese Patent No. 2541073 Japanese Patent No. 2568833

  Oil dampers and air dampers have the advantage that they are not temperature dependent, have excellent energy absorption at high speeds, and are resistant to repeated deformation, but have low performance at low speeds, require tightness, and liquid leakage occurs. There is a problem that it is easy to do. Oil dampers and air dampers are sealed and slidable with a sealant between the inner periphery of the hole in the lid on the cylinder tip and the outer periphery of the rod to seal the inside of the cylinder. . Rust is likely to occur on the outer periphery of the piston rod exposed outside the damper due to outside air. If the surface of the outer periphery of the rod becomes uneven, the sealing material that plays the role of sealing and sliding is easily scraped and damaged by the unevenness of the outer periphery of the rod. As a result, the sealability of the damper is lost. In order to remove this obstacle, the conventional damper has a problem that maintenance for periodically removing rust on the outer periphery of the rod is required.

  A damping damper having a vibration absorbing function by deformation of an elastic body such as a viscoelastic damper has an advantage that the structure is simple and maintenance is easy. However, a large displacement with different directions acts on the structure during the earthquake, and the axial displacement of the cylinder member and the piston member each having one end fixed to the two structures where the structure is relatively displaced occurs. The load may concentrate on a part of the device and the device itself may be destroyed.

  Damper by elastic deformation of elastic rubber can change performance by changing the composition of rubber and has the advantage of being strong against repeated deformation, but has the problem that there is a limit on deformation performance and temperature dependency .

  The present invention provides a structure damping damper that solves the problems of the prior art, has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, compensates for the disadvantages of an elastic rubber damper, and can efficiently absorb seismic energy. With the goal.

In order to solve the above problems, the structural vibration damper of the present invention has a cylinder member that is fixed to one structure that is relatively displaced during an earthquake, closed at one end, and opened at the other end, and the other structure. A valve body that is fixed, extends inward from the opening of the cylinder member, is disposed so as to be relatively displaceable with the cylinder member, has an outer diameter substantially the same as the inner diameter of the cylinder member at the tip, and forms a flow passage A piston rod comprising: an elastic rubber body whose inner peripheral surface is fixed to the piston rod outer peripheral surface spaced a predetermined distance from the valve body and whose outer peripheral surface is fixed to the cylinder member inner peripheral surface; and the piston An outer peripheral portion is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder member between a rigid member that is fixed to the outer periphery of the rod and the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder member and breaks when a load exceeds a certain level, and the elastic rubber body and the valve body. The inner peripheral portions are arranged slidably with said piston rod outer periphery, characterized in that it comprises a ring-shaped partition wall member to seal the space between one end closed and its of the cylinder member.

  Moreover, the vibration damper for a structure of the present invention is characterized in that the elastic rubber body is made of a high damping rubber.

  Moreover, the vibration damper for a structure of the present invention is characterized in that an inner diameter of a portion of the cylinder member to which the elastic rubber body is fixed is made larger than an inner diameter of another portion.

  Further, the vibration damper for a structure of the present invention includes a cylinder member whose tip is closed and the valve body slides, a cylinder member to which the elastic rubber body is fixed, and a cylinder member to which the rigid member is fixed. Separately, the cylinder members are formed to have different lengths and inner diameters, and the cylinder members are connected and fixed.

One end fixed to one structure that is relatively displaced in the event of an earthquake is closed, the other end is open, and the other end is fixed to the other structure. And a piston rod having a valve body having an outer diameter substantially the same as the inner diameter of the cylinder member at the tip and forming a flow passage, and the piston rod spaced a predetermined distance from the valve body An elastic rubber body having an inner peripheral surface fixed to the outer peripheral surface and an outer peripheral surface fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder member, and fixed to the outer periphery of the piston rod and the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder member and fractured by a load exceeding a certain level. a rigid member, wherein the inner peripheral portion thereof is slidably disposed in said piston rod outer peripheral portion of the outer peripheral portion is fixed to the cylinder member inner peripheral surface between the elastic rubber body and said valve body A ring-shaped partition member between closed one end of itself and the cylinder member and the sealed space, by providing the can be arranged a plurality of different damper function to one of the piston rod. In addition, it is possible to efficiently absorb the seismic energy by compensating for the disadvantages of each of the different damper functions, and to make the volume of the sealed space in the cylinder member constant regardless of the deformation of the elastic rubber body. Seismic energy attenuation can be improved.
By making the elastic rubber body a highly attenuating rubber, it is possible to improve the attenuation performance of seismic energy.
By making the inner diameter of the part that fixes the elastic rubber body of the cylinder member larger than the inner diameter of other parts, it is possible to increase the damping capacity of the seismic energy due to deformation of the elastic rubber by increasing the volume of the elastic rubber body. It becomes.
The cylinder member with the tip closed and the valve body sliding, the cylinder member to which the elastic rubber body is fixed, and the cylinder member to which the rigid member is fixed are separated, so that the length and inner diameter of each cylinder member are different. By forming and connecting and fixing each cylinder member, the inner diameter of the cylinder member that fixes the elastic rubber body is increased to increase the amount of elastic deformation of the elastic rubber body, or the length of the cylinder member can be increased depending on the installation location. It becomes possible to adjust.

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  An embodiment of a structural vibration damper of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of a structure damping damper.

  The structure damping damper 1 includes a cylinder member 2 having one end connected to one structure of a structure such as a building or a bridge and having the other end opened, and a piston rod 3 connected to the other structure. I have. The piston rod 3 extends from the opening of the cylinder member 2 to the inside thereof, and is disposed so as to be relatively displaceable with respect to the cylinder member 2.

  The cylinder member 2 is a member having a circular cross section, and a cylinder side mounting member 4 for connection to one structure is fixed to an end portion on the closed side.

  A piston rod side mounting member 5 for connecting to the other structure is fixed to one end of the piston rod 3. A valve body 6 having an outer diameter substantially the same as the inner diameter of the cylinder member 2 is formed at the other end of the piston rod 3.

  An elastic rubber body 7 is fixed between the rear outer peripheral portion of the valve body 6 of the piston rod 3 and the inner wall of the cylinder member 2. An elastic rubber body 7 is fixed between the cylinder member 2 with one end closed and the rear outer peripheral portion of the valve body 6 of the piston rod 3 and the inner wall of the cylinder member 2, and between the closed side of the cylinder member 2 and the valve body 6. The space A and the space B between the valve body 6 and the elastic rubber body 7 are sealed from the outside. Since the elastic rubber body 7 functions as a sealing material, no sealing material is required.

  The elastic rubber body 7 is fixed to the outer periphery of the piston rod 3 and the inner wall of the cylinder member 2 by vulcanization integral molding. Fixing by vulcanization integral molding prevents deterioration of the bonded portion between the steel material and rubber, and allows the sealed state to be maintained for a long period of time. Further, since the elastic rubber body 7 is elastically deformed when the cylinder member 2 and the piston rod 3 are displaced relative to each other, no seal material is required in the conventional damper. Sealing is not lost.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the valve body 6 is formed with a flow passage communicating with the spaces A and B. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the flow passage is formed as a small hole 8 that penetrates the valve body 6. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the flow passage is formed as a notch 9 on the outer periphery of the valve body 6.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of rod-like rigid members 10 are fixed to the piston rod 3 via fixing means 11 at the rear part of the elastic rubber body 7, and the other end is fixed to the cylinder member 2 with fixing means 12. Fixed through. The rigid member 10 is made of metal such as resin or aluminum, and an upper limit of the proof stress performance is set. In other words, the rigid member 10 resists a load below a certain value, but has a function of breaking the rigid member 10 and absorbing its energy against a load above a certain value. In FIG. 1, the rigid member 10 is disposed at the rear portion of the elastic rubber body 7, but may be disposed at the front portion of the elastic rubber body 7 in FIG.

  In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cylinder member 2 is divided into a plurality of parts. The cylinder member 2a with one end closed and the valve body 6 sliding thereon, the cylinder member 2b on which the elastic rubber body 7 is arranged, and the cylinder member 2c on which the rigid member 10 is arranged are formed separately and connected and fixed. In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the cylinder member 2b for fixing the elastic rubber body 7 is made larger than the inner diameter of the cylinder member 2a on which the valve body 6 slides. As a result, the elastic deformation amount of the elastic rubber body 7 can be increased. Moreover, it becomes possible to set the length of each cylinder member 2a, 2b, 2c to the length of the cylinder member according to an installation place.

  In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a ring-shaped partition wall member 9 having an outer peripheral portion fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder member 2 is provided between the elastic rubber body 7 and the valve body 6 in the cylinder member 2. The inner peripheral portion is disposed so as to be slidable with respect to the outer peripheral portion of the piston rod 3. Due to the deformation of the elastic rubber body 7, the volume of the sealed space A + B in the cylinder member changes slightly. The change in the volume of the sealed space in the cylinder member 2 slightly affects the seismic energy attenuation of the fluid damper. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1.2, by arranging the ring-shaped partition wall member 9, the volume of the sealed space in the cylinder member 2 is made constant, and the seismic energy attenuation of the fluid damper is maintained. The material of the ring-shaped partition member 9 is hard rubber or the like.

  In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the inner diameter K of the arrangement part of the elastic rubber body 7 of the cylinder member 2 is made larger than the inner diameter k of the part of the other cylinder member 2. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the inner wall portion of the cylinder member 2 on which the elastic rubber body 7 is disposed is scraped to form a thin-walled portion 2 d, and the inner diameter K thereof is larger than the inner diameter k of other portions of the cylinder member 2. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the inner diameter of the cylinder member 2 b on which the elastic rubber body 7 is arranged is made larger than the inner diameter of the cylinder member 2 a on which the valve body 6 slides. By making the inner diameter of the elastic rubber body 7 of the cylinder member 2 larger than the inner diameter of other parts, the volume of the elastic rubber body 7 to be arranged is increased, and the seismic energy attenuation performance due to deformation of the elastic rubber body 7 is increased. It becomes possible to improve.

  FIG. 7 is a view showing a case where the piston rod 3 and the cylinder member 2 are relatively displaced in the direction of the arrow. The rigid member 10 has an upper limit of the proof stress performance, and the rigid member 10 resists a load of a certain value or less, but the rigid member 10 breaks and absorbs its energy for a load of a certain value or more. Absorb. FIG. 8 shows a state in which the rigid member 10 is broken by a certain load or more.

  The operation of the present invention when a gas such as air is selected as the fluid sealed in the cylinder member 2 will be described. Due to the relative displacement of the piston rod 2 in the direction of the arrow, the valve body 6 also moves in the direction of the arrow. As a result, the gas in the space A is compressed, its volume decreases, and the pressure increases. On the other hand, the gas in the space B expands, its volume increases, and the pressure decreases. As a result, the gas in the high-pressure space A flows from the flow passage 8 formed in the valve body 6 to the low-pressure space B. The shape of the flow passage 8 may be the small hole 8a or the notch 8b shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, but considering the attenuation of seismic energy due to the fluid movement resistance when the gas flows from the flow passage 8, the flow passage 8 Set the aperture, shape, number, etc.

  With the relative displacement between the cylinder member 2 and the piston rod 3, the elastic rubber body 7 is elastically deformed as shown in FIG. As described above, the seismic energy is caused by the cushioning effect due to the compression and expansion of the gas in the space A and the space B according to the relative displacement of the cylinder member 2 and the piston rod 3 and the fluid movement resistance when the gas moves through the flow passage 8. Further, the seismic energy is attenuated by elastic deformation of the elastic rubber body 7 which is attenuated and seals the inside of the cylinder member 2. By making the elastic rubber body 7 a high-damping rubber, it is possible to improve the damping performance of seismic energy.

  FIG. 7 is a view showing a case where the piston rod 3 and the cylinder member 2 are relatively displaced in the direction of the arrow. The rigid member 10 has an upper limit of the proof stress performance, and the rigid member 10 resists a load of a certain value or less, but the rigid member 10 breaks and absorbs its energy for a load of a certain value or more. Absorb. FIG. 7 shows a state in which the rigid member 10 is broken by a certain load or more.

  The operation of the present invention when a liquid such as oil is selected as the fluid sealed in the cylinder member 2 will be described with reference to FIG. Due to the displacement acting on the structure during the earthquake, the cylinder member 2 connected to one structure part and the piston rod 3 connected to the other structure part are displaced relative to each other. Due to the relative displacement of the piston rod 2 in the direction of the arrow, the valve body 6 also moves in the direction of the arrow. As a result, the liquid in the space B flows into the space A from the flow passage 8 formed in the valve body 6. The shape of the flow path 8 may be the small hole 8a or the notch 8b shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, but in consideration of the attenuation of seismic energy due to fluid movement resistance when liquid flows from the flow path 8, the flow path 8 Set the aperture, shape, number, etc. Since a liquid is an incompressible fluid unlike a gas, the fluid movement resistance through the liquid flow path 8 needs to be set more precisely than in the case of a gas.

  The rigid member 10 has an upper limit of the proof stress performance, and the rigid member 10 resists a load of a certain value or less, but the rigid member 10 breaks and absorbs its energy for a load of a certain value or more. Absorb. FIG. 8 shows a state in which the rigid member 10 is broken by a certain load or more. With the relative displacement between the cylinder member 2 and the piston rod 3, the elastic rubber body 7 is elastically deformed as shown in FIG. In this way, the seismic energy is attenuated by the fluid movement resistance when the liquid moves through the flow passage 8 in accordance with the relative displacement between the cylinder member 2 and the piston rod 3, and further, the elastic rubber body 7 that seals the inside of the cylinder member 2. Seismic energy is attenuated by elastic deformation of By making the elastic rubber body 7 a high-damping rubber, it is possible to improve the seismic energy absorption performance.

  In the structure damping damper 1 of the present invention, a damper different from a fluid pressure damper, an elastic rubber damper, and a rigid member damper is arranged in series on one piston rod 3. Consider the advantages and disadvantages of each damper.

  First, the advantages of fluid pressure dampers are dynamic strength performance (proportional to speed), large stroke, low temperature dependence, high energy absorption at high speed, resistance to repeated deformation, energy The absorption performance can be expanded, and the history is round and not rigid, so it does not resonate. On the other hand, the disadvantages of the fluid pressure damper are that the performance at low speed or small deformation is low, sealing is required, and liquid leakage is likely to occur.

  Next, the advantages of the elastic rubber body damper are that it has a sealing function, has static strength performance (proportional to displacement), is easy to change performance with rubber composition, is resistant to repeated deformation, and has a spindle shape. And so on. On the other hand, the disadvantages of the elastic rubber body damper are that there is a limit to deformability, temperature dependency, there is hardening, there is a limit to energy absorption, and resonance cannot be prevented because of rigidity, etc. It is.

  Next, the advantages of the rigid member damper are that it has static strength performance (proportional to displacement), that it is easy to obtain strength (rigidity) at the time of small deformation, that there is no temperature dependence, and that it absorbs energy within the plastic deformation range. The performance is large, the history is linear or rectangular, the upper limit of the proof stress performance can be set by breaking the rigid member, and the like. On the other hand, a disadvantage of the rigid member damper is that resonance cannot be prevented because of its rigidity.

  The action and effect of the structure damping damper 1 of the present invention in which a fluid pressure damper, an elastic rubber body damper, and a rigid member damper having advantages and disadvantages are arranged in series along the piston rod 3 will be examined. The rigid member 10 that easily obtains the strength (rigidity) at the time of small deformation resists the displacement such as repeated small deformations, and the disadvantage of the fluid pressure damper is that the performance at low speed or small deformation is low. Cover.

  The rigid member 10 is broken by repeated large deformation. The temperature of the elastic rubber body damper rises over time during repeated deformation until the rigid member 10 breaks, and the decrease in energy absorption performance due to temperature dependence, which is a disadvantage of the elastic rubber body damper, is recovered.

  After the rigid member 10 is broken, taking advantage of the elastic rubber body damper and the fluid pressure damper, the elastic deformation of the elastic rubber body 7 and the flow path formed in the valve body 6 of the fluid in the space sealed by the elastic rubber body 7 Seismic energy can be efficiently attenuated by the fluid movement resistance through 8.

  1: Damping damper for structure, 2: cylinder member, 3: piston rod, 4: cylinder side mounting member, 5: piston rod side mounting member, 6: valve body, 7: elastic rubber body, 8: flow passage, 8a: small hole, 8b: notch, 9: ring-shaped partition member, 10: rigid member, 11: fixing member, 12: fixing member

Claims (4)

A cylinder member with one end fixed to one structure that is relatively displaced during an earthquake closed and the other end opened;
Fixed to the other structure, extends inwardly from the opening of the cylinder member, is disposed so as to be relatively displaceable with the cylinder member, and has an outer diameter substantially equal to the inner diameter of the cylinder member at the tip, A piston rod having a valve body formed with
An elastic rubber body whose inner peripheral surface is fixed to the piston rod outer peripheral surface spaced a predetermined distance from the valve body and whose outer peripheral surface is fixed to the cylinder member inner peripheral surface;
A rigid member that is fixed to the outer periphery of the piston rod and the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder member and is broken by a load of a certain level or more;
Closing of the the outer peripheral portion slidably disposed in the inner peripheral portion which is fixed with the piston rod outer peripheral portion to the cylinder member inner peripheral surface between the elastic rubber body and the valve body, itself and the cylinder member A ring-shaped partition wall member having a sealed space between the formed ends;
A damping damper for a structure, comprising:   The structure damping damper for a structure according to claim 1, wherein the elastic rubber body is a high damping rubber.   The structure damping damper according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an inner diameter of a portion of the cylinder member to which the elastic rubber body is fixed is made larger than an inner diameter of another portion.   The cylinder member with the tip closed and the valve body sliding is separated from the cylinder member to which the elastic rubber body is fixed, and each cylinder member is formed so that the length and inner diameter of each cylinder member are different. The structure damping damper according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the damper is connected and fixed.

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