CN110924288A - Viscous damper - Google Patents
Viscous damper Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110924288A CN110924288A CN201911108702.0A CN201911108702A CN110924288A CN 110924288 A CN110924288 A CN 110924288A CN 201911108702 A CN201911108702 A CN 201911108702A CN 110924288 A CN110924288 A CN 110924288A
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- viscous damper
- piston
- pressure relief
- piston rod
- damping
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
Abstract
The invention provides a viscous damper, comprising: the damping device comprises a cylindrical cylinder body, a first end cover and a second end cover, wherein the two ends of the cylinder body are respectively connected with the first end cover and the second end cover in a sealing manner, and damping media are filled in the cylinder body; the first end of the first piston rod is fixedly connected with a piston, the second end of the first piston rod penetrates through the middle part of the first end cover and partially extends out of the cylinder body, the piston divides the cylinder body into a first accommodating cavity and a second accommodating cavity, and the first piston rod can move along the axial direction of the cylinder body; the piston is provided with a plurality of pressure relief holes which axially penetrate through the piston, the piston is constructed to be capable of closing the pressure relief holes when the viscous damper is compressed, the damping medium in the second accommodating cavity flows to the first accommodating cavity through the damping flow channels to generate damping force, the pressure relief holes are opened when the viscous damper is stretched, and the damping medium in the first accommodating cavity flows to the second accommodating cavity through the pressure relief holes to reduce the damping force.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of viscous dampers, and particularly relates to a viscous damper.
Background
The viscous damper is an energy-consuming and shock-absorbing device, has strong energy-consuming capability and large stroke, and is widely applied to the shock-absorbing field of structures such as bridges, buildings, large-scale steel structures and the like.
For a large-span bridge in a mountainous area, a longitudinal damper is usually arranged at the position of a middle tower and a pier to form a longitudinal full-floating constraint system, so that a beam body can freely move longitudinally under the action of slow load, and energy is consumed by longitudinal damping under the action of faster load. However, the middle tower and pier of the large-span bridge in the mountainous area are generally high, which can cause the tower and pier to bear huge longitudinal bending moment, greatly increases the design and construction difficulty of the tower and pier, and increases the investment of engineering cost. In order to stabilize the large-span bridge structure in the mountainous area, the longitudinal dampers are usually arranged on two sides of the beam end for constraint, so that the advantages of topographic conditions can be fully utilized, and huge longitudinal force generated by the bridge structure under the action of quick dynamic load is transmitted to the bridge abutments on two sides of the beam end to be borne, thereby greatly reducing the longitudinal bending moment of the middle tower pier and improving the stress performance of the bridge structure.
However, the prior art viscous dampers still have some problems. For example, the conventional viscous damper has one end connected to the main beam and the other end connected to the abutment, so that the abutment is repeatedly subjected to the pulling force and the pushing force applied thereto by the main beam under the reciprocating action of the dynamic load. Conventional viscid attenuator makes the abutment structure can bear thrust, nevertheless can't bear the huge pulling force under the dynamic load effect, produces the destruction to abutment self structure easily, seriously influences the normal operation of bridge, and has the potential safety hazard.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems, the present invention aims to provide a viscous damper, which can generate a large damping force when being compressed and a small damping force when being pulled, so as to be well adapted to the stress condition of a bridge structure and significantly enhance the stability and the stress performance of the bridge structure.
To this end, according to the present invention, there is provided a viscous damper comprising: the damping device comprises a cylindrical cylinder body, a first end cover and a second end cover, wherein the two ends of the cylinder body are respectively connected with the first end cover and the second end cover in a sealing mode, and damping media are filled in the cylinder body; the first end of the first piston rod is fixedly connected with a piston, the second end of the first piston rod penetrates through the middle part of the first end cover and partially extends out of the cylinder body, the piston divides the cylinder body into a first containing cavity and a second containing cavity, and the first piston rod can move along the axial direction of the cylinder body; the damping cylinder comprises a cylinder body, a piston and a viscous damper, wherein a damping flow channel for a damping medium to flow through is arranged between the piston and the cylinder body, the piston is provided with a plurality of pressure relief holes which axially penetrate through the piston, the piston is constructed to be capable of closing the pressure relief holes when the viscous damper is compressed, the damping medium in a second accommodating cavity flows to a first accommodating cavity through the damping flow channel to generate damping force, the viscous damper is stretched to open the pressure relief holes, and the damping medium in the first accommodating cavity flows to the second accommodating cavity through the pressure relief holes to reduce the damping force.
In one embodiment, a flap for opening or closing the pressure relief hole is provided at an end of the piston away from the first end cap, and the flap is configured to close the pressure relief hole when the viscous damper is compressed and open the pressure relief hole when the viscous damper is stretched.
In one embodiment, the first end of the first piston rod penetrates through the piston and is fixedly connected with a nut, a spring is arranged between the blocking piece and the nut, the blocking piece closes the pressure relief hole under the action of the spring in an initial state, when the viscous damper is compressed, the pressure in the second accommodating cavity is greater than the pressure in the first accommodating cavity so that the blocking piece closes the pressure relief hole, and when the viscous damper is stretched, the pressure in the first accommodating cavity is greater than the pressure in the second accommodating cavity so that the blocking piece overcomes the elastic force of the spring to open the pressure relief hole.
In one embodiment, the pressure relief hole is provided with a one-way valve, and the one-way valve enables the damping medium in the first cavity to flow to the second cavity through the pressure relief hole.
In one embodiment, a plurality of the pressure relief holes are evenly distributed in the piston at intervals in the circumferential direction.
In one embodiment, the second end cap is provided with a compensation member for compensating for an increased or decreased volume of the first piston rod within the cylinder.
In one embodiment, the compensation member is an air bag disposed axially inside the second end cover, and nitrogen is filled in the air bag, the air bag is compressed to compensate for an increased volume of the first piston rod in the cylinder when the viscous damper is compressed, and the air bag is expanded to compensate for a decreased volume of the first piston rod in the cylinder when the viscous damper is stretched.
In one embodiment, the compensation member is a second piston rod passing through the middle of the second end cap and partially extending out of the cylinder, the second piston being axially movable along the cylinder to extend or retract into the cylinder to supplement the volume of the first piston rod added or subtracted in the cylinder.
In one embodiment, the second end of the first piston rod and the axially outer end of the second end cap are fixedly connected with ear rings respectively, and the ear rings are used for being connected with a bridge body or an abutment of a bridge.
In one embodiment, the first end cover and the second end cover are fixedly installed with the cylinder body in a threaded connection mode.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following limitations:
the viscous damper has larger damping force when being compressed and has smaller damping force when being stretched, thereby obviously enhancing the stress performance of the bridge, enhancing the stability of the bridge abutment structure, effectively protecting the bridge abutment from being damaged by external force and greatly reducing the maintenance cost of the bridge. And the viscous damper compensates the volume change of the first piston rod in the cylinder body through the compensation component, so that a stable single-rod viscous damper structure is realized, the cross section and the length of the viscous damper are reduced, and the economical efficiency of the viscous damper is obviously improved. In addition, the viscous damper is simple in structure, low in installation and construction difficulty and strong in applicability, and can effectively guarantee stability of the bridge structure.
Drawings
The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows the structure of a viscous damper according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a piston portion in the viscous damper shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 shows a structure of an embodiment of a compensating member in the viscous damper shown in fig. 1.
In the present application, the drawings are all schematic and are used only for illustrating the principles of the invention and are not drawn to scale.
Detailed Description
The invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be noted that directional terms or qualifiers "left" and "right" used in the present application are all referred to the attached fig. 1. They are not intended to limit the absolute positions of the parts involved, but may vary from case to case.
Fig. 1 shows the structure of a viscous damper 100 according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the viscous damper 100 includes a cylinder body 110, and the cylinder body 110 is configured in a cylindrical shape. A first end cap 111 and a second end cap 112 are fixedly mounted at both ends of the cylinder body 110, respectively, to form a closed-end chamber inside the cylinder body 110. The cylinder 110 is filled with a damping medium. In one embodiment, the first end cap 111 and the second end cap 112 are both fixedly connected to the cylinder body 110 by a screw connection.
In order to ensure the sealing performance of the cylinder 110, a sealing member is provided at a connection of the first end cap 111 and the cylinder 110, and at a connection of the second end cap 112 and the cylinder 110. Preferably, the seal is a sealing ring. The sealing connection mode of the first end cover 111 and the second end cover 112 and the cylinder body 110 is simple, the installation is convenient, and the stability and the sealing performance of the connection between the first end cover 111 and the cylinder body 110 and the connection between the second end cover 112 and the cylinder body 110 can be effectively ensured.
According to the present invention, the viscous damper 100 further includes a first piston rod 120. As shown in fig. 1, the first piston rod 120 is disposed inside the cylinder 110, and a first end (a right end in fig. 1) of the first piston rod 120 is fixedly connected with the piston 130, and a second end (a left end in fig. 1) of the first piston rod 120 passes through a center of the first end cap 111 and partially protrudes out of the cylinder 110. The first end of the first piston rod 120 is provided with a shoulder 121, while the piston 130 is provided with a central through hole. The first end of the first piston rod 120 is installed through the central through hole of the piston 130, and the axial end surface of the piston 130 abuts against the shoulder 121, so that the shoulder 121 axially fixes the piston 130, and the piston 130 is fixedly connected with the first piston rod 120 as a whole. The piston 130 divides a cavity in the cylinder block 110 into a first volume 113 and a second volume 114, and a damping medium is filled in the first volume 113 and the second volume 114.
In this embodiment, the first end cap 111 has a mounting hole formed in the middle thereof, and the mounting hole is used for the first piston rod 120 to pass through to extend out of the cylinder 110. Moreover, a sealing member is disposed between the first piston rod 120 and the first end cap 111, and the first piston rod 120 can drive the piston 130 to move axially, so that a dynamic seal is formed between the first piston rod 120 and the first end cap 111.
According to the present invention, a damping flow passage through which a damping medium flows is provided between the piston 130 and the cylinder 110. A gap 132 may be left between the piston 130 and the cylinder 110 to form a damping flow path. Alternatively, a plurality of through holes 133 may be provided in the piston 130 to axially penetrate the piston 130, and the through holes 133 may be evenly spaced in the circumferential direction. Thereby, the plurality of through holes 133 form a damping flow passage. It will of course be appreciated that the gap 132 between the piston 130 and the cylinder 110 and the plurality of through holes together form a damping flow path. The size of the gap 132 and the through hole 133 can be set according to actual requirements, and the size can determine the damping characteristic of the viscous damper 100.
As shown in fig. 2, the piston 130 is further provided with a plurality of pressure relief holes 131 axially penetrating the piston. The pressure relief holes 131 are arranged on the radial inner side of the through hole 133, and the pressure relief holes 131 do not interfere with the through hole 133 and are distributed in the piston at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. When the viscous damper 100 is compressed, the piston 130 can close the pressure relief hole 131 and allow the damping medium in the second volume 114 to flow to the first volume 113 through the damping flow passage, thereby generating a damping force. When the viscous damper 100 is stretched, the piston 130 can open the pressure relief hole 131, and the damping medium in the first cavity 113 flows to the second cavity 114 through the pressure relief hole 131, thereby reducing the damping force. The function of the piston 130 to open or close the pressure relief hole 131 will be described below in connection with various embodiments.
In one embodiment, the piston 130 uses a flap 140 to open or close the pressure relief vent 131. As shown in fig. 2, a flap 140 is provided at an end of the piston 130 remote from the first end cap 111. The stopper 140 is formed in a ring shape, the stopper 140 is fitted over the first end of the first piston rod 120, and closes the pressure relief hole 131 in an initial state. The first end of the first piston rod 120 extends to the axial outside of the piston 130 and partially extends outward, and a nut 141 is fixedly connected to the end of the first piston rod 130. A spring 142 is disposed between the stopper 140 and the nut 141 in the axial direction, and the spring 142 is fitted over the first piston rod 120. Thus, in the initial state, the flap 140 closes the pressure relief hole 131 by the elastic force of the spring 142.
In the actual working process, the viscous damper 100 is installed and connected between the bridge body and the abutment of the bridge. When the viscous damper 100 is compressed, the pressure in the second cavity 114 is greater than the pressure in the first cavity 113, so that the blocking sheet 140 closes the pressure relief hole 131 under the action of the pressure of the damping medium, and the damping medium in the second cavity 114 flows to the first cavity 113 through the damping flow channel to generate a damping force. When the viscous damper 100 is stretched, the pressure in the first cavity 113 is greater than the pressure in the second cavity 114, and the pressure of the damping medium in the first cavity 113 is much greater than the elastic force of the spring 142, so that the blocking piece 140 overcomes the elastic force of the spring 142 and moves axially to the right to open the pressure relief hole 131, and the damping medium in the first cavity 113 flows to the second cavity 114 through the damping flow channel to reduce the damping force. Therefore, the viscous damper 100 has large damping force when compressed and small damping force or almost no damping force when stretched, so that the stress performance of the bridge is obviously enhanced, the stability of the bridge abutment structure is enhanced, the bridge abutment can be effectively protected from being damaged by external force, and the maintenance cost of the bridge is greatly reduced.
In one embodiment, not shown, the piston 130 uses a one-way valve to open or close the pressure relief orifice 131. The check valve is disposed in the pressure relief hole 131, and the check valve only allows the damping medium in the first container 113 to flow to the second container 114 through the pressure relief hole 131.
In an actual working process, when the viscous damper 100 is compressed, the pressure in the second cavity 114 is greater than the pressure in the first cavity 113, and the damping medium in the second cavity 114 cannot flow to the first cavity 113 through the check valve, and can only flow to the first cavity 113 through the damping flow channel, so that a damping force is generated. When the viscous damper 100 is stretched, the pressure of the damping medium in the first cavity 113 is greater than the pressure of the damping medium in the second cavity 114, so that the damping medium in the first cavity 113 flows to the second cavity 114 through the check valve, the pressure relief hole 131 is opened, and the damping medium in the first cavity 113 flows to the second cavity 114 through the pressure relief hole 131 to reduce the damping force.
According to the present invention, the viscous damper 100 further includes a compensation member. The compensation member is used for compensating the volume change of the damping medium caused by the axial movement of the first piston rod 120 entering or exiting the cylinder 110 during the actual operation of the viscous damper 100, so as to avoid the influence of the volume change of the damping medium on the viscous damper 100. The compensating member is described below by means of different embodiments.
In one embodiment, the compensation member employs a balloon 150. As shown in fig. 3, the air bag 150 is fixedly installed at the axial inner end of the second end cap 112, and the air bag 150 is filled with nitrogen gas. The outer side of the sidewall of the axial inner end of the second end cap 112 is provided with a radially inwardly concave annular groove. The end of the bladder 150 fits within the annular groove and is compressed between the second end cap 112 and the inner wall of the cylinder 110 to form a fixed, sealed connection with the second end cap 112.
In actual operation, when the viscous damper 100 is compressed, the first piston rod 120 moves axially inward (rightward in fig. 1), so that the volume of the first piston rod 120 in the cylinder 110 increases, and the damping medium in the second cavity 114 is compressed, so that the pressure in the second cavity 114 increases until the pressure exceeds the pressure of the air bag 150, and the air bag 150 is compressed. Thereby, the volume of the increased portion of the first piston rod 120 inside the cylinder 110 is compensated for by the compression balloon 150. When the viscous damper 100 is stretched, the piston 130 moves axially outward (leftward in fig. 1), so that the volume of the first piston rod 120 in the cylinder 110 decreases, resulting in a decrease in pressure in the cylinder 110, thereby expanding the air bag 150. Thereby, the volume of the first piston rod 120 inside the compensation cylinder 110 is reduced by the expansion of the air bag 150. It will of course be appreciated that other resilient elastic members may be used for the compensation member. The viscous damper 100 compensates the volume change of the first piston rod 120 in the cylinder body 110 through the air bag 150, so that a stable single-rod viscous damper structure is realized, the cross section and the length of the viscous damper 100 are reduced, and the economical efficiency of the viscous damper 100 is remarkably improved.
In one embodiment, not shown, the compensation member employs a second piston rod. The second piston rod is arranged similar to said first piston rod 120. The second piston rod passes through the center of the second end cap 112 and partially protrudes out of the cylinder 110, which is different from the first piston rod 120 in that a piston is not provided at an end of the second piston rod that is inside the cylinder 110. In actual operation, the second piston rod is able to accommodate a corresponding axial movement of the first piston rod 120 along the seat of the cylinder 110 to extend or retract into the cylinder 110, thereby supplementing the increase or decrease in the volume of the first piston rod 120 within the cylinder 110.
According to the present invention, both ends of the viscous damper 100 are further provided with earrings 101 for mounting the viscous damper 100, respectively. The ear rings 101 are respectively and fixedly connected to the second end of the first piston rod 120 and the axial outer end of the second end cap 112, or respectively and fixedly connected to the second end of the first piston rod 120 and the end of the second piston rod at the end outside the cylinder body 110, so as to be respectively connected with the bridge body and the abutment of the bridge.
According to different working conditions, in the practical application process, the viscous damper 100 can adjust the tensile force of the viscous damper 100 by changing the rigidity and the compression amount of the spring 142 and the aperture and other parameters of the pressure relief hole 131, so that the application range of the viscous damper 100 is effectively expanded, and the applicability of the viscous damper 100 is remarkably improved.
The viscous damper 100 according to the present invention has a large damping force when compressed and a small damping force when extended, thereby significantly enhancing the stress performance of the bridge, enhancing the stability of the bridge abutment structure, effectively protecting the bridge abutment from external force damage, and greatly reducing the maintenance cost of the bridge. In addition, the viscous damper 100 compensates the volume change of the first piston rod 120 in the cylinder 110 through the compensation member, so that a stable single-rod viscous damper structure is realized, the cross-sectional area and the length of the viscous damper 100 are reduced, and the economical efficiency of the viscous damper 100 is remarkably improved. In addition, the viscous damper 100 is simple in structure, low in installation and construction difficulty and strong in applicability, and can effectively guarantee the stability of the bridge structure.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described in the foregoing examples, or that equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A viscous damper comprising:
the damping device comprises a cylindrical cylinder body (110), wherein a first end cover (111) and a second end cover (112) are respectively connected to two ends of the cylinder body in a sealing mode, and damping media are filled in the cylinder body;
the first end of the first piston rod is fixedly connected with a piston (130), the second end of the first piston rod penetrates through the middle part of the first end cover and partially extends out of the cylinder body, the piston divides the cylinder body into a first containing cavity (113) and a second containing cavity (114), and the first piston rod can move along the axial direction of the cylinder body;
the damping device comprises a piston and a cylinder body, wherein a damping flow channel for a damping medium to flow through is arranged between the piston and the cylinder body, the piston is provided with a plurality of pressure relief holes (131) which axially penetrate through the piston, the piston is constructed to be capable of closing the pressure relief holes when the viscous damper is compressed, the damping medium in a second accommodating cavity flows to a first accommodating cavity through the damping flow channel to generate damping force, the pressure relief holes are opened when the viscous damper is stretched, and the damping medium in the first accommodating cavity flows to the second accommodating cavity through the pressure relief holes to reduce the damping force.
2. The viscous damper according to claim 1, wherein a flap (140) for opening or closing the pressure relief hole is provided at an end of the piston away from the first end cap,
the flap is configured to close the pressure relief vent when the viscous damper is compressed and open the pressure relief vent when the viscous damper is stretched.
3. The viscous damper according to claim 2, wherein a first end of the first piston rod passes through the piston and is fixedly connected with a nut (141), a spring (142) is provided between the flap and the nut, the flap closes the pressure relief hole under the action of the spring in an initial state,
when the viscous damper is compressed, the pressure in the second accommodating cavity is greater than the pressure in the first accommodating cavity, so that the blocking piece closes the pressure relief hole, and when the viscous damper is stretched, the pressure in the first accommodating cavity is greater than the pressure in the second accommodating cavity, so that the blocking piece overcomes the elasticity of the spring, and the pressure relief hole is opened.
4. The viscous damper according to claim 1, wherein the pressure relief hole is provided with a one-way valve, and the one-way valve enables the damping medium in the first cavity to flow to the second cavity through the pressure relief hole.
5. The viscous damper according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a plurality of the pressure relief holes are evenly circumferentially spaced apart in the piston.
6. The viscous damper according to claim 1, wherein the second end cap is provided with a compensation member for compensating for an increased or decreased volume of the first piston rod within the cylinder.
7. The viscous damper according to claim 6, wherein the compensation member is an air bag (150) provided axially inside the second end cap, and nitrogen gas is filled in the air bag,
the air bag is compressed to compensate for an increased volume of the first piston rod within the cylinder when the viscous damper is compressed, and expands to compensate for a decreased volume of the first piston rod within the cylinder when the viscous damper is extended.
8. The viscous damper of claim 6, wherein the compensating member is a second piston rod that passes through a middle portion of the second end cap and partially protrudes out of the cylinder,
the second piston is axially movable along the cylinder to extend or retract within the cylinder to supplement the volume of the first piston rod that increases or decreases within the cylinder.
9. The viscous damper of claim 1, wherein an ear ring (101) is fixedly connected to the second end of the first piston rod and the axially outer end of the second end cap, respectively, and is configured to be connected to a bridge body or an abutment of a bridge.
10. The viscous damper of claim 1, wherein the first end cap and the second end cap are fixedly attached to the cylinder by a threaded connection.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911108702.0A CN110924288A (en) | 2019-11-13 | 2019-11-13 | Viscous damper |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911108702.0A CN110924288A (en) | 2019-11-13 | 2019-11-13 | Viscous damper |
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| CN110924288A true CN110924288A (en) | 2020-03-27 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112356924A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-02-12 | 东风越野车有限公司 | Composite hydraulic damping device and vehicle body suspension |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112356924A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-02-12 | 东风越野车有限公司 | Composite hydraulic damping device and vehicle body suspension |
| CN112356924B (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2022-08-23 | 东风越野车有限公司 | Composite hydraulic damping device and vehicle body suspension |
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Application publication date: 20200327 |