JP2010255850A - Damper device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a damper device, which can improve the rigidity and strength of a frame for building structure and for wooden structure with easy construction operation, has high flexibility in design for rigidity, durability, damping amount, deformation capability or the like with high equivalent damping constant and high energy absorbing effect, and is maintenance-free from the aspects of material and function. <P>SOLUTION: The damper device 1 includes an outer cylindrical rigid member 12 concentrically disposed on the outer circumferential side of an inner cylindrical rigid member 13 so as to surround the rigid member 13, and an energy absorber 14 formed of a viscoelastic member or elastic member, which is interposed between the inner and outer rigid members 12 and 13 and integrally coupled thereto so as to be relatively deformable. Each of the inner and outer rigid member 12 and 13 includes a stopper 210 for limiting the relative displacement thereof in the axial direction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention is mainly used for reducing vibration of building structures and civil engineering structures, for example, in a framed state, as well as a vibration absorbing and mitigating member in an installed state of industrial machines, buildings, etc., and vibrations of automobiles, home appliances, etc. The present invention relates to a damper device that can also be used as an absorbing component.

  In order to reduce the vibration of the structural framework, conventionally, braces and a cane are attached between the members of the framework to increase the rigidity and strength of the framework and reduce the vibration. However, conventional braces and wands are strength resistance type members and have a function to improve rigidity and strength, but have a poor function of absorbing energy, such as earthquakes, strong winds, vibrations, and running. The equivalent damping constant (Heq) for reducing the vibrations of houses and buildings generated in the vicinity of the vehicle is about 10% in the case of braces, and the vibration energy generated by earthquakes and the like cannot be sufficiently absorbed. Further, when a compressive force acts on the brace, as shown in FIG.

  Furthermore, conventionally, oil dampers have been used to reduce vibrations and absorb other vibration energy of the vehicle itself and the machine equipment itself, but this oil damper has zero vibration speed between both ends of the member where the oil damper is interposed, That is, there is a problem that the proof stress is not generated in the stop state. In addition, since the oil damper generally has a structure as shown in FIG. 14, it is necessary to secure a sufficiently long stroke to absorb energy, so that it is difficult to manufacture a compact product and the application range is limited. Is done. Oil dampers are sensitive to speed and temperature, and require adjustment and maintenance to prevent intrusion of dust and dirt, as well as adjustment of oil pressure and oil leakage. Processing is required.

  In addition, friction dampers require measures to prevent friction surfaces from wearing, corroding, dust and dust, and depending on the type of friction surface, there are those that are frequency dependent and those that seize relatively quickly. is there. Further, dampers such as conventional general oil dampers, friction dampers, and steel dampers have an equivalent damping constant (Heq) of about 20 to 25%, and may not sufficiently absorb vibration energy when an earthquake occurs. .

  Members such as braces and wands as described above do not have vibration damping performance that absorbs energy acting on the framework during an earthquake, or are low even if they have, so when a large earthquake that exceeds the design strength occurs A member such as a brace yields first, leading to breakage or damage. Then, once the member is broken or damaged, the original strength increasing effect as a whole house by the member cannot be expected, and the whole house is collapsed. Therefore, not only can not ensure sufficient seismic performance against large earthquakes exceeding design strength, even if the whole house does not collapse, unless the reinforcing member that has been broken or damaged is replaced, The entire house cannot be restored to its original strength.

  Therefore, damping dampers and joint dampers that have a restoration function and can exhibit vibration damping performance during an earthquake have been proposed (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2). However, even those described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 have a relatively small equivalent attenuation constant, and may not be able to absorb vibration energy sufficiently in the event of an earthquake, etc., and the structure is complicated and time-consuming to manufacture. Each has room for improvement.

  As a technique for solving these problems, there is a damper device by the applicant (Patent Document 3). This damper device is composed of a minimum of three members: an inner and outer cylindrical rigid member and a viscoelastic energy absorber interposed between them, and increases the strength of the framework and is relatively relative between the inner and outer rigid members. When a compressive force and a tensile force are applied, the energy absorber can absorb and relax to attenuate vibrations and the like.

JP 2000-110399 A (paragraphs 0011 to 0015 and FIGS. 1 to 3) JP 2003-247269 A (paragraphs 0016 to 0025 and FIGS. 1 to 3) JP 2007-278411 A (paragraphs 0030 to 0034 and FIGS. 1 to 3)

  The damper device of Patent Document 3 has problems in the following points.

  -Does not have a stopper (restraint function) against excessive displacement (excessive displacement).

  -It does not have a control (prevention) mechanism for the rotation (twist) direction of the damper.

  -It does not have a replacement mechanism for plugs (such as lead) as damping materials.

  ・ The installation method of plugs (lead etc.) as damping material is unknown.

  -It does not have a restraint mechanism for plugs (lead etc.) as a damping material.

  ・ Filling rate at which plugs (such as lead) as damping materials function effectively is unknown.

  -The trigger function conditions (definition of trigger function, design conditions, etc.) are unknown.

  ・ Fixing conditions between viscoelastic body (rubber) and inner and outer cylinders are unknown.

  ・ The characteristic range of the viscoelastic energy absorber is unknown.

  ・ I am concerned about the impact on the adhesive surface against rubber shrinkage when integrally molded.

  ・ It is necessary to seal (close) the viscoelastic body edge to improve durability.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and can improve the rigidity and strength of a framework for a building structure and a wooden structure, is easy to construct, has a large equivalent damping constant, has a high energy absorption effect, and has a high rigidity and proof strength. The purpose is to provide a damper device that has a high degree of freedom in design with respect to the amount of attenuation and deformation capacity, and that is free from maintenance in terms of materials and functions.

In order to achieve the above object, a damper device according to the present invention has an outer cylindrical rigid member concentrically disposed on the outer peripheral side of an inner cylindrical rigid member so as to surround the inner cylindrical rigid member, A damper device in which an energy absorber composed of a viscoelastic member or an elastic member is interposed between the rigid members and integrally coupled so as to be relatively displaceable,
The inner and outer rigid members are provided with a stopper for restricting relative displacement in the axial direction.

  According to the damper device of the present invention having the above-described configuration, it is composed of a minimum of three members, an inner and outer cylindrical rigid member and an energy absorber, and is a shaft-like object, and the length is arbitrarily adjusted according to the application. it can. And, by attaching the inner cylindrical rigid member and the outer cylindrical rigid member between the members that are likely to cause relative displacement at the time of earthquake of the framework for building structures, etc., the strength of the framework is increased, and between the inner and outer rigid members When a relative compressive force and tensile force are applied, the energy absorber absorbs and relaxes to attenuate vibrations and the like. In particular, since it is possible to adjust the viscoelasticity or elasticity of the energy absorber, it is possible to easily adjust the strength of the framework or wall of the building to be used. Further, for example, the side surface of the outer cylindrical rigid member is fixed to the side surface of the column between the column and the base and the foundation, while the head is secured to the upper end of the inner cylindrical rigid member by a bolt penetrating the inner cylindrical rigid member. Lock and screw the lower end of the bolt to the base, and then pass through the lower end and fix it to the foundation. In addition, the energy absorber expands and contracts and relieves absorption due to vibrations caused by repeated column pull-out operations.

  Furthermore, according to this damper device, even if it receives a large vibration due to an earthquake or the like, the stopper can restrict the relative displacement of the internal and external rigid members in the axial direction, so that the energy absorber breaks or It can prevent peeling from the rigid member.

  In the damper device according to claim 2 of the present invention, the stopper has a predetermined interval in the axial direction on either the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylindrical rigid member or the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylindrical rigid member. A first protrusion and a second protrusion that are provided (integrally formed), and, on the other hand, between the first protrusion and the second protrusion, and the first protrusion and the second protrusion And a third protrusion (integrally formed at a position where contact is possible).

  According to such a damper device, it is possible to limit the relative axial displacement of the inner and outer rigid members with a simple configuration. It is desirable that the protrusions be formed integrally with the internal and external rigid members by a method such as welding so as to withstand an impact when they come into contact with each other.

  As in the damper device according to claim 3, in a state where the inner and outer rigid members are not relatively displaced in the axial direction, the distance between the first protrusion and the third protrusion, and the second protrusion and the second It is preferable that the distance between the three protrusions is 2 to 4 times the thickness of the energy absorber. This is because the ability to absorb and relax vibration is low at intervals of 2 times or less, and the energy absorber may peel off from the inner and outer rigid members at intervals of 4 times or more.

In the damper device according to claim 4, the outer cylindrical rigid member is concentrically disposed on the outer peripheral side of the inner cylindrical rigid member so as to surround the inner cylindrical rigid member, and the inner and outer rigid members are bonded to each other. A damper device that is integrally coupled so as to be relatively displaceable with an elastic member or an energy absorber made of an elastic member interposed therebetween,
The inner and outer rigid members include a rotation stopper that restricts relative rotation in the circumferential direction.

  According to the damper device having the above configuration, when a relative rotation / twist acts between the inner and outer rigid members, the rotation stopper can prevent the rotation / twist. Further, the rotation stopper can be provided in the same damper device in combination with the stopper for limiting the relative displacement in the axial direction described above.

  The damper device according to claim 5 is characterized in that the rotation stopper is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylindrical rigid member or the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylindrical rigid member along the axial direction. And a long groove portion formed on the other side into which the protruding portion is slidably fitted.

  According to such a damper device, rotation and torsion can be restrained with a simple configuration, and there is also an advantage that the damping capability of the damper device is improved by the contact resistance between the protruding strip portion and the long groove portion.

In the damper device according to claim 6, the shear elastic modulus of the energy absorber is in the range of G = 0.2 to 1.4 N / mm ² , and the equivalent attenuation multiplier is in the range of Heq = 15 to 30%. It is characterized by being. As an energy absorber composed of a viscoelastic member or an elastic member, a shear elastic modulus in this range is most practical. Also, if the equivalent damping multiplier is 15% or less, the energy absorber cannot absorb and attenuate vibrations and the like when the relative compressive force and tensile force are applied between the internal and external rigid members, and the vibration or the like cannot be attenuated. If it is 30% or more, the range of application of the viscoelastic member or elastic member is exceeded, so this range is desirable.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the damper device, the outer cylindrical rigid member is concentrically disposed on the outer peripheral side of the inner cylindrical rigid member so as to surround the inner cylindrical rigid member, and between the inner and outer rigid members. An elastic member or an energy absorber made of an elastic member is interposed so as to be relatively displaceable, and an extensible plug having higher rigidity than the energy absorber is connected to the inner cylindrical rigid member and the outer cylindrical rigidity. A damper device provided between the inner and outer cylindrical walls with the member and penetrating in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction with respect to the energy absorber,
The stretchable plug has a rigidity of at least 5 to 10 times the rigidity of the energy absorber.

  If it is a damper device having the above configuration, by combining an energy absorber and a stretchable plug, it is possible to give the damper device both strength and energy absorption capacity suitable for a building structure and a wooden structure, In addition, since a necessary number of extensible plugs are usually inserted and attached to the energy absorber, the strength and energy absorbing power can be easily adjusted. Furthermore, since the rigidity of the extensible plug is at least 5 to 10 times that of the energy absorber, the extensible plug can have a function as a trigger. That is, for example, for minute vibrations generated by wind or transportation, the rigidity of the extensible plug does not cause axial displacement between the inner and outer rigid members, and the damper device has strength as a rigid body. be able to. On the other hand, when the vibration is large, the extensible plug is deformed to cause displacement between the inner and outer rigid members, and the energy absorber can act to absorb and mitigate the vibration.

  Preferably, the extensible plug is provided so as to be replaceable. Even when residual deformation remains in the extensible plug due to a large vibration, the energy absorber is made of a viscoelastic body or an elastic body and thus has a restoring force. Therefore, the function of the damper device can be maintained by replacing only the plug. Therefore, such a damper device can be used for a long time at low cost.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, screw portions are provided at both ends of the extensible plug, screw holes are provided in the cylindrical walls of the inner and outer rigid members, and one end of the extensible plug is connected to the inner cylindrical shape. It is preferable that the other end of the rigid member can be screwed to the outer cylindrical rigid member.

  If comprised in this way, replacement | exchange of a plug can be performed easily and the effort and expense concerning a maintenance can be suppressed.

  A damper device according to a tenth aspect is characterized in that a restraining mechanism for the stretchable plug is provided.

  According to the damper device having the above configuration, the extensible plug is deformed along with the deformation of the energy absorber, so that the damping performance of the damper device is improved.

  As defined in claim 11, the restraining mechanism comprises a plurality of steel plates having a through hole of the extensible plug and arranged concentrically with respect to the inner cylindrical rigid member. It is possible.

  By configuring in this way, the deformation of the energy absorber can be transmitted to the extensible plug via a plurality of steel plates, so that the plug can be prevented from being simply bent and the attenuation can be improved.

  The constraining mechanism has a through-hole of the extensible plug, is disposed concentrically with respect to the inner cylindrical rigid member, and is laminated with the energy absorber. A plurality of steel pipes forming a structure may be used.

  By comprising in this way, since the relative position of steel pipes is stabilized inside an energy absorber, a deformation | transformation of an energy absorber is more reliably transmitted to an extensible plug via a steel pipe.

  In addition, as described in claim 13, the restraining mechanism may be a spring surrounding the extensible plug.

  By comprising in this way, the restoration effect of the plug by the restoring force of a spring can also be expected.

  In the damper device according to claim 14, after the energy absorber is placed between the inner and outer rigid members and vulcanized, the extensible plug is inserted into the energy absorber from the screw hole of the outer cylindrical rigid member. By providing a cavity that can be inserted up to the screw hole of the inner cylindrical rigid member, and screwing one end of the extensible plug to the inner cylindrical rigid member and the other end to the outer cylindrical rigid member, respectively. It is formed.

  According to the damper device formed in this way, since the extensible plug can be retrofitted, the number and arrangement of the plugs can be freely selected, and the advantage that it can be easily adapted to the strength of the building framework and wall part to be used. There is.

  According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, in the damper device according to the invention, the surface of the extensible plug is subjected to non-adhesion treatment, and one end of the extensible plug is inserted into the screw hole of the inner cylindrical rigid member. It can also be formed by screwing into the screw holes of the outer cylindrical rigid member and then vulcanizing the energy absorber between the inner and outer rigid members.

  According to the damper device formed in this way, the extensible plug is fixed to the inner and outer rigid members before vulcanization, so that positioned vulcanization is possible. Further, since the adhesion between the stretchable plug and the energy absorber is prevented, the plug can be easily replaced.

  In the damper device according to claim 16, a filling ratio (volume ratio) of the stretchable plug with respect to a volume of the cavity portion is in a range of 90% to 120% in a normal temperature state (24 ° C.) of the energy absorber. It is characterized by that. Here, the filling rate of 90% means that there is a 10% gap between the energy absorber and the stretchable plug, and 120% means that the volume of the cavity is increased by 20% (energy absorber). The state where the plug is inserted.

  Assuming that the temperature range of the environment in which the damper device is used is -20 to 60 ° C, if the filling rate of the extensible plug is within this range, forced deformation of the plug due to shear deformation of the energy absorber occurs, and the above-described constraint A higher damping effect can be obtained than with the mechanism alone. When the filling rate is 90% or less, the deformation of the energy absorber is not easily transmitted to the plug, and the effect of forced deformation is difficult to obtain. Further, if the filling rate is about 120%, even when the energy absorber contracts at a low temperature, the adhesiveness with the plug is maintained, and the deformation of the energy absorber is sufficiently transmitted to the plug. When the filling rate is high, it is difficult to insert the plug, so it is not necessary to set a higher filling rate.

According to a seventeenth aspect of the present invention, in the damper device, the outer cylindrical rigid member is concentrically disposed on the outer peripheral side of the inner cylindrical rigid member so as to surround the inner cylindrical rigid member, and the inner and outer rigid members are bonded to each other. An elastic member or an energy absorber made of an elastic member is integrally connected so as to be relatively displaceable, and a highly-damping extensible plug is connected between the inner cylindrical rigid member and the outer cylindrical rigid member. A damper device provided between the cylindrical walls and penetrating in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction with respect to the energy absorber,
The stretchable plug has a rigidity of at least 5 to 10 times the rigidity of the energy absorber.

  According to the damper device configured as described above, vibration can be absorbed and alleviated by the extensible plug, so that an elastic body such as natural rubber having a high restoring force can be used as the energy absorber.

  As described in claim 18, it is preferable that the head side of the extensible plug is covered with a cap inserted into a screw hole of the outer cylindrical rigid member. According to the damper device configured in this way, it is possible to prevent rainwater from entering the inside and to suppress deterioration of the extensible plug.

  Furthermore, as described in claim 19, it is preferable that the inner cylindrical rigid member and the outer cylindrical rigid member have a concavo-convex shape on a surface in contact with the energy absorber.

  Adhesion between the energy absorber and the inner and outer rigid members is a general vulcanization adhesion, but according to the damper device configured in this way, the surface area of the adhesion surface is increased, and the fixing force is enhanced. Even if a large deformation due to a large vibration such as an earthquake occurs, the adhesion surface can be prevented from peeling off.

  A damper device according to a twentieth aspect is characterized in that a seal mechanism for the energy absorber is provided between the inner and outer rigid members. According to the damper device configured in this manner, rainwater or the like can be prevented from entering the energy absorber interposed between the inner and outer rigid members by the sealing mechanism.

  The damper device according to claim 21 is characterized in that the sealing mechanism has an annular groove formed over the entire circumference of either the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylindrical rigid member or the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylindrical rigid member; It comprises an annular packing that is attached to the other and is fitted into the annular groove.

  Since a highly durable elastic body such as packing can follow the amount of displacement due to large deformations, the damper device configured in this way absorbs energy without being damaged by large vibrations such as earthquakes. Infiltration of rainwater etc. into the body can be prevented.

  23. The seal mechanism according to claim 22, wherein the sealing mechanism is integrally formed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylindrical rigid member or the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylindrical rigid member over the entire circumference. It is also conceivable that the tip peripheral surface of the annular seal portion is slidably brought into contact with the other peripheral surface.

  According to the damper device configured as described above, the sealing mechanism functions to prevent the infiltration of rainwater or the like into the energy absorber regardless of the relative displacement amount of the inner and outer rigid members. In addition, when the inner and outer rigid members are displaced relative to each other and the annular seal portion slides on the other peripheral surface, friction resistance is generated on the surfaces in contact with each other, so that the damping performance of the damper device is improved. . In order to enhance the waterproof performance, it is desirable that the tip peripheral surface of the annular seal portion be a metal touch finish. Further, grease may be applied.

  A damper device according to a twenty-third aspect is characterized in that an energy absorbing ring member is formed by interposing a viscoelastic member or an elastic member between an inner cylinder member and an outer cylinder member arranged concentrically and vulcanizing and bonding them. A cylindrical rigid member and an outer cylindrical rigid member arranged concentrically so as to surround the inner cylindrical rigid member on the outer peripheral side thereof are integrally coupled via the energy absorbing ring member. Features.

  According to the damper device configured as described above, the energy absorbing ring member can be integrally formed between the inner and outer rigid members after forming the energy absorbing ring member as a part in advance to a predetermined size. Thus, it is possible to avoid a decrease in adhesion to the inner and outer rigid members.

  In order to couple the energy absorbing ring member to the inner and outer rigid members, the inner cylindrical member of the energy absorbing ring member is used as the inner cylindrical rigid member, and the outer cylinder of the energy absorbing ring member as described in claim 24. It is conceivable to fix the members to the outer cylindrical rigid member by screwing. According to the screwing, the energy absorbing ring member can be reliably coupled integrally between the inner and outer rigid members and can be easily replaced.

  The damper device of the present invention has a simple structure and has a function of preventing axial over-displacement and rotational displacement, and the plug as a damping material can be replaced. In addition to being able to absorb and alleviate large vibrations more reliably and stably by maintaining good adhesion to cylindrical rigid members and preventing rainwater from entering the plug and energy absorber, etc. Is easy, and has the effect of being able to take earthquake-proof measures on buildings at low cost.

It is a center sectional view showing damper device 1 as one embodiment of the present invention. 2A and 2B are cross-sectional views of the damper device 1 shown in FIG. 1, in which FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1, FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB, and FIG. Sectional drawing in the line, (d) shows the sectional view in the DD line, respectively. It is an enlarged view explaining the attachment state of the extensible plug. It is a perspective view which shows another restraint mechanism 230. FIG. FIGS. 5A and 5B are views showing a state in which the restraining mechanism 230 is provided in the damper device 1, FIG. 5A is a central sectional view in the vicinity of the extensible plug 35, and FIG. It is. FIG. 6A is a diagram showing a state in which another restraining mechanism 240 is provided in the damper device 1. FIG. 6A is a central sectional view in the vicinity of the extensible plug 35, and FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG. It is line sectional drawing. FIG. 7A is a front view showing an example of the extensible plug 35, and FIGS. 7B to 7D are views for explaining a method for installing the extensible plug 35. 8A and 8B are diagrams for explaining another installation method. FIG. 9A is a cross-sectional view of the rotation stopper 320, FIG. 9B is a perspective view of the outer cylinder member 312, and FIG. 9C is an inner cylinder member 313. FIG. 10 shows a damper device 41 provided with a seal mechanism 420. FIG. 10A is a central sectional view of the seal mechanism 420, FIG. 10B is a perspective view of an outer cylinder member 412, and FIG. 10C is an inner cylinder member. FIG. 413 is a perspective view of FIG. FIG. 11A is a cross-sectional view of the energy absorption ring 510, and FIG. 11B is a central cross-sectional view of the damper device 51. FIG. 12A is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which excessive deformation of the building is controlled, and FIG. 12B is a graph showing response displacement of the building. It is a diagram which shows a deformation | transformation when compressive force and tensile force are made to act on the conventional common brace. It is sectional drawing which shows notionally the conventional common oil damper mechanism. It is a perspective view of the testing apparatus of a damper apparatus follow-up test. It is a damper load-history curve figure which shows the load and displacement of the damper apparatus 1 at the time of changing the shear elastic modulus G of the energy absorber 14. FIG. FIG. 17A is a top view of the test apparatus used for the plug follow-up test. (B) is a side view of the same. (C) is a partially enlarged perspective view. It is a plug load-history curve figure which shows the relationship between a load and a deformation | transformation amount compared with the extensible plug 35 and the conventional cylindrical plug.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a damper device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view in the axial direction of a damper device 1 according to the first embodiment. FIGS. 2A to 2D are cross-sectional views taken along lines AA and BB in FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC, a cross-sectional view taken along line DD, and FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the damper device 1 is positioned concentrically inside a cylindrical outer cylinder rigid member (hereinafter referred to as an outer cylinder member) 12 positioned on the outer side and the outer cylinder member 12. A cylindrical inner cylinder rigid member (hereinafter referred to as an inner cylinder member) 13 is integrally coupled so as to be relatively displaceable via a cylindrical energy absorber 14 positioned concentrically therebetween. Further, a pair of columnar extensible plugs 35 straddling the outer cylinder member 12 and the inner cylinder member 13 are penetrated in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction with respect to the energy absorber 14 as shown in FIG. And are provided opposite to each other. Furthermore, a stopper 210 that limits the relative displacement in the axial direction between the outer cylinder member 12 and the inner cylinder member 13 and an annular seal portion 215 as a seal mechanism in the ring-shaped opening portion 1a of the damper device 1 are provided. In addition, this damper apparatus 1 has each edge part of the outer cylinder member 12 and the inner cylinder member 13 straddling two elements (not shown) which comprise the framework (structure) of a small-sized detached wooden house, for example. They are used in combination.

As the energy absorber 14, a viscoelastic body that exhibits high damping performance (equivalent damping constant Heq = 15 to 30%) with a shear elastic modulus G = 0.2 to 1.4 N / mm ² is used. Since the extensible plug 35 requires trigger characteristics, lead having a rigidity about 5 to 10 times higher than that of the energy absorber 14 is used.

In addition, the axial direction was applied to the damper device 1 to which the energy absorbers 14 having the shear elastic modulus G = 0.7, 1.0, 1.2, and 1.4 N / mm ² were applied using the test device of FIG. A damper force test was performed to apply a load and measure the displacement of the damper device 1 at that time. The load-history curve which is the measurement result is shown in FIG. FIG. 16 indicates that the rigidity of the damper device 1 is the lowest when the shear modulus G = 0.7, and the stiffness of the damper device 1 is the highest when the shear modulus G = 1.4.

  The stopper 210 includes ring-shaped protrusions 212, 213, and 214 arranged in the axial direction. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2C, the protrusion 212 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder member 12 in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction. Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2B, the protruding portion 213 and the protruding portion 214 are respectively provided on the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder member 13 with a predetermined interval L on both sides of the protruding portion 212. . The protrusions 212, 213, and 214 have dimensions that can abut against each other when the inner and outer cylindrical members 12 and 13 are relatively displaced in the axial direction and limit the relative displacement of the inner and outer cylindrical members 12 and 13. The protrusions 212, 213, and 214 are threaded on the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylindrical member 12 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylindrical member 13, and are also threaded on the outer peripheral surfaces of the respective protrusions 212, 213, and 214. The projections 213, 212, and 214 are installed in the order of the protrusions 213, 212, and 214 while being rotated around the inner and outer cylindrical members 12 and 13.

  The distance L between the protrusion 212 and the protrusions 213 and 214 on both sides thereof is set to 2 to 4 times the thickness T of the energy absorber 14. Therefore, the outer cylinder member 12 and the inner cylinder member 13 can be relatively displaced within a range where the protrusion 212 is in contact with the protrusion 213 or the protrusion 214 (within ± L). Since the protrusions are threaded, the interval L (clearance) can be adjusted freely, and therefore the amplitude (swing width) can be adjusted due to the rigidity variation of the damper device. Not all are fixed by threading, the protruding portion 213 is fixed to the inner cylindrical member 13 and the protruding portion 212 is fixed to the outer cylindrical member 12 by welding, and only the protruding portion 214 is fixed to the inner cylindrical member 13 by threading. It is also possible to do.

  The annular seal portion 215 is integrally formed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder member 13 over the entire circumference so as to close the ring-shaped opening portion 1 a of the damper device 1. In order to give the energy absorber 14 a waterproof action, the tip peripheral surface is formed so as to abut on the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder member 12, and the tip peripheral surface has a metal touch finish. You may apply | coat grease to a front-end | tip peripheral surface.

  As shown in FIG. 3 (a), the extensible plug 35 is provided with screw portions 35a and 35b at both ends so that it can be smoothly replaced even when plastically deformed due to the deformation of the damper device. The screw holes 12a and 13a provided in the member 13 are fixed with screws. By this fixing method, even if the plug 35 is plastically deformed and residual deformation remains, the plug 35 can be forcibly detached. The head of the plug 35 is provided with a cross-shaped recess 35d shown in FIG. The plug main body portion 35c (portion other than the screw portions 35a and b) passes through the screw hole 12a and is therefore made smaller than the outer diameter of the screw portion 35a. Further, in order to avoid stress concentration near the screw fixing portion, that is, so that the plug main body portion 35c is plasticized over the entire surface, the diameter is reduced toward the center of the main body portion 35c. (When the range has to be narrowed: The outer diameter of the plug central portion with respect to the outer diameter of the screw portion 35a at this time is in the range of 50 to 99%.) Further, the screw hole 12a of the outer cylinder member 12 is used. Thus, a cylindrical cap 37 is fitted into a portion (head) where the extensible plug 35 is in contact with the outside, and the screw hole 12a is blocked to prevent intrusion of rainwater or the like.

Here, using the stretchable plug 35 of the present invention and a conventional cylindrical plug, a force test was performed to measure load deformation when a load was applied to them. As shown in FIG. 17, the test apparatus fixes the slip prevention bracket and the plug fixing bracket to the base so as to sandwich the shear plate, and inserts the plug so as to penetrate the plug fixing bracket and the shear plate. To fix. Then, an axial load was applied to the shear plate, and the displacement amount of the shear plate at that time was measured as the deformation amount of the plug. The result is shown in FIG.
In FIG. 18, the vertical axis represents the load and the horizontal axis represents the amount of deformation of the plug. The wavy line represents the stretchable plug 35 of the present invention, and the solid line represents the result of the conventional cylindrical plug. As shown in FIG. 18, it can be seen that by making the plug shape like the stretchable plug 35, the load history curve is smoothly continued, the central portion is swollen, and the energy absorption performance is improved.

  As described above, due to the fixing structure of the plug 35 shown in FIG. 3, the plug 35 is plastically deformed along with the deformation of the damper device 1. In order to perform this deformation efficiently, that is, to improve the damping performance. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the rubber layer of the energy absorber 14 of the damper device 1 is laminated over the entire circumferential direction via the restraining mechanism 230. By laminating a plurality of rubber layers in the energy absorber 14 as described above, the energy absorber 14, that is, the entire rubber layer (each rubber layer) is uniformly deformed with the deformation of the damper device 1, and the plug 35 has a full cross section. Effective plastic deformation over the entire area.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the restraining mechanism 230 has a structure in which a plurality of (5 in the figure) concentric combinations of cylindrical steel pipes 231 having different outer diameters provided with through holes 232 of extensible plugs. . Then, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the outer cylinder member 12 and the inner cylinder member 13 are arranged concentrically with a space therebetween. By forming the steel pipe 231 over the entire length of the energy absorber 14 and forming it in a laminate, the deformation of the energy absorber 14 can be transmitted to the extensible plug 35 more effectively.

  6A and 6B show an example in which a coil spring 241 is arranged around the extensible plug 35 as another restraining mechanism 240. FIG. Since the coil spring 241 also has a restoring force, not only the deformation of the energy absorber 14 is transmitted to the stretchable plug 35, but also residual displacement is less likely to occur in the stretchable plug 35, and the energy absorption performance is further improved.

  In this example, steel pipes having rigidity higher than that of the wood constituting the frame are used for the outer cylinder member 12 and the inner cylinder member 13, and the overall rigidity of the damper device 1 is made close to the strength of the wooden frame by the energy absorber 14. Adjusted. In addition, a fastener such as a bolt and nut can be fitted in the inner cylinder member 13, or a hollow portion in the inner cylinder member 13 can be filled into a solid member. Further, a retaining ring (not shown) can be integrally attached to one end of the outer cylinder member 12 and the inner cylinder member 13 so that it can be easily attached to each element of the framework. Further, of the outer peripheral surface of the outer cylindrical member 12 and the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylindrical member 13, the portion where the energy absorber 14 is interposed is finished into a concavo-convex shape by shot blasting or molding, and the surface area is increased to increase the strength of vulcanization adhesion. It is increasing.

  The stretchable plug 35 can be installed by the following two methods. Each will be described with reference to FIGS.

  In the first method, the plug 35 is inserted after vulcanization of the rubber constituting the energy absorber 14. A plug-shaped cavity is placed in the rubber 14 portion with a dummy die 14a and the rubber 14 is loaded and vulcanized. After vulcanization, the plug 35 is inserted through the screw hole 12a of the outer cylinder member 12. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 7A, the plug 35 needs to have a smaller outer diameter of the main body portion 35c than the screw portions 35a and 35b at the upper and lower ends. Further, in order to avoid stress concentration in the vicinity of the fixing portion of the screw portions 35a and 35b at both ends, that is, so that the main body portion 35c of the plug 35 is plasticized as a whole, the main body portion 35c is moved from both ends toward the central portion. The outer diameter is gradually reduced. The outer diameter of the central portion is set, for example, in the range of 50 to 99% of the outer diameter of the both end screw portions 35a and 35b. Further, at the same time when the screw hole 12 a is provided in the outer cylinder member 12, the screw hole 13 a is provided at a position corresponding to the inner cylinder 13.

  That is, with the dummy mold 14a disposed between the outer cylinder member 12 and the inner cylinder member 13, the rubber constituting the energy absorber 14 is loaded and vulcanized (FIG. 7B). The dummy mold 14a is pulled out from the rubber 14 after vulcanization to form a cavity 14b into which the extensible plug 35 is inserted into the energy absorber 14, and penetrates from the screw hole 12a to the screw hole 13a (see FIG. 7 (c)). The extensible plug 35 is inserted from the outside of the outer cylinder member 12 and screwed, and finally the cap 37 is fitted (FIG. 7D). The dimension (diameter) of the cavity portion 14a is set so that the filling rate of the stretchable plug 35 with respect to the volume of the cavity portion 14a is 90 to 120% in the normal temperature state (24 ° C.) of the energy absorber 14.

  In the second method, a stretchable plug 35 having a non-adhesive coating (not shown) on its surface is screwed to the outer cylinder member 12 and the inner cylinder member 13 and a cap 37 is fitted (FIG. 8 (a)). )), An energy absorber 14 is loaded between the outer cylinder member 12 and the inner cylinder member 13 for vulcanization (FIG. 8B).

  Another embodiment of the damper device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

Since stress acts on the damper device from many directions, even if external force in the rotational direction X with respect to the damper device 31 and the pin rotation surface outside direction Y at the end acts on the damper device 31 as shown in FIG. 31 must be smoothly deformed. Therefore, the following measures are taken. That is,
FIG. 9 shows a damper device 31 provided with a rotation stopper 320 according to another embodiment. FIG. 9A is a cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the rotation stopper 320, FIG. 9B is a perspective view of the outer cylinder member 312, and FIG. 9C is a perspective view of the inner cylinder member 313. The rotation stopper 320 is slidable in the long groove portion 322 on the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder member 312 of the damper device 31 and four long groove portions 322 formed in the axial direction on the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder member 313. It consists of four ridges 323 formed along the axial direction so as to be fitted. Since the outer cylinder member 312 and the inner cylinder member 313 are not relatively rotated by the rotation stopper 320, the damper device 31 has an action of restraining relative rotation and torsion caused by vibration. Further, when the damper device 31 receives vibration and is displaced in the axial direction, a contact resistance between the long groove portion 322 and the convex strip portion 323 is generated, and damping capacity (friction damping) is also improved. The rotation stopper 320 can be used in combination with the stopper 210.

  FIG. 10 shows a damper device 41 provided with a seal mechanism 420 for waterproofing the energy absorber 14 with a configuration different from the annular seal portion 215 described above. 10A is a partial cross-sectional view of the seal mechanism 420, FIG. 10B is a perspective view of the outer cylinder member 412, and FIG. 10C is a perspective view of the inner cylinder member 413. The seal mechanism 420 includes a packing 422 attached to the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder member 412 over the entire circumference, and an annular groove portion 423 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder member 413 and into which the packing 422 is fitted. The packing 422 uses a highly durable elastic body that can follow the relative displacement of the outer cylinder member 412 and the inner cylinder member 413.

In the integrated vulcanization in which the rubber constituting the energy absorber 14 is loaded between the outer cylinder member 12 and the inner cylinder member 13 of the damper device 1 and pressurized and vulcanized, the inside of the cylinder is hermetically sealed. There is concern about the influence on the adhesive surface due to the later shrinkage of the rubber (adhesion force is reduced by the shrinkage). Therefore, the rubber part, in other words, the energy absorber 14 is made into a ring-shaped part (part) as shown below and fixed by bolts or welding. In this embodiment, since welding is concerned about the influence of heat, it is fixed by bolts. That is,
FIG. 11 shows a damper device 51 in which a componentized energy absorbing ring 510 is interposed between the outer cylinder member 12 and the inner cylinder member 13 so as to be integrally coupled. FIG. 11A is a cross-sectional view of the energy absorbing ring 510 formed as a component, and FIG. 11B is a central cross-sectional view of the damper device 51 in which the energy absorbing ring 510 is arranged and fixed at two locations.

The energy absorbing ring 510 has a high damping performance (equivalent damping constant Heq = 15 to 30%) with a shear elastic modulus G = 0.2 to 1.4 N / mm ² between the iron outer tube 512 and the inner tube 513. The viscoelastic body 514 to be exhibited is disposed and then vulcanized. Two energy absorption rings 510 are arranged between the outer cylinder member 12 and the inner cylinder member 13 with a space therebetween, and are fixed to the outer cylinder member 12 and the inner cylinder member 13 by bolts 515. .

  In the damper device 1, when the distance L between the stoppers 210 (FIG. 1) is set to 50 mm (30 mm due to the interlayer deformation of the building), the interlayer deformation is reduced by an earthquake more than expected as shown in FIGS. 12 (a) and 12 (b). The place to be deformed by 40 mm can be suppressed to the set 30 mm. Thereby, damage due to excessive deformation of the building can be prevented, and damage to the damper can also be prevented.

  The damper device according to the present invention is not limited to the plurality of embodiments described above, and may have other cross-sectional shapes such as a rectangular tube shape instead of a cylindrical shape. In addition, when it is not necessary to expect damping such as vibration isolation of the mechanical system diameter, an elastic body having a high restoring force such as natural rubber can be used as the energy absorber.

  The present invention can be used mainly as a damper device for reducing vibrations in building structures and civil engineering structures. In particular, it can be used for such structural frameworks. In addition, it can be used as a vibration absorbing and mitigating member in an installed state of industrial machines and buildings, and as a vibration absorbing component of automobiles, home appliances, and the like.

1, 31, 41, 51 Damper device 12, 312, 412 Outer cylinder rigid member 13, 313, 413 Inner cylinder rigid member 14 Energy absorber 35 Stretchable plug 37 Cap 38 Non-adhesive coating 210 Stopper 220/230/240 Restraint mechanism 320 Rotation stopper 420 Seal mechanism 510 Energy absorption ring

Claims (24)

An outer cylindrical rigid member is arranged concentrically on the outer peripheral side of the inner cylindrical rigid member so as to surround the inner cylindrical rigid member, and energy absorption is made up of a viscoelastic member or an elastic member between the inner and outer rigid members. A damper device that is integrally coupled so as to be relatively displaceable with a body interposed therebetween,
A damper device comprising a stopper for restricting relative displacement of the internal and external rigid members in the axial direction.   A first protrusion and a second protrusion, wherein the stopper is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylindrical rigid member or the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylindrical rigid member at a predetermined interval in the axial direction. And, on the other hand, a third projecting portion provided between the first projecting portion and the second projecting portion and capable of contacting the first projecting portion and the second projecting portion. The damper device according to claim 1.   In a state where the inner and outer rigid members are not relatively displaced in the axial direction, the distance between the first protrusion and the third protrusion, and the distance between the second protrusion and the third protrusion are determined as the energy absorption. 3. The damper device according to claim 2, wherein the damper device is 2 to 4 times the thickness of the body. An outer cylindrical rigid member is arranged concentrically on the outer peripheral side of the inner cylindrical rigid member so as to surround the inner cylindrical rigid member, and energy absorption is made up of a viscoelastic member or an elastic member between the inner and outer rigid members. A damper device that is integrally coupled so as to be relatively displaceable with a body interposed therebetween,
A damper device comprising a rotation stopper for restricting relative rotation of the inner and outer rigid members in the circumferential direction.   The rotation stopper is formed on one of the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylindrical rigid member and the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylindrical rigid member along the axial direction, and on the other side, the convex The damper device according to claim 4, wherein the strip portion includes a long groove portion that is slidably fitted. 2. The shear elastic modulus of the energy absorber is in the range of G = 0.2 to 1.4 N / mm ² , and the equivalent attenuation multiplier is in the range of Heq = 15 to 30%. The damper apparatus of any one of -5. An outer cylindrical rigid member is arranged concentrically on the outer peripheral side of the inner cylindrical rigid member so as to surround the inner cylindrical rigid member, and energy absorption is made up of a viscoelastic member or an elastic member between the inner and outer rigid members. Combined with the body so that relative displacement is possible,
An extensible plug having a rigidity higher than that of the energy absorber is straddled between inner and outer cylindrical walls of the inner cylindrical rigid member and the outer cylindrical rigid member, and is orthogonal to the energy absorber in the axial direction. A damper device provided to penetrate in a direction,
The damper device characterized in that the extensible plug has a rigidity of at least 5 to 10 times the rigidity of the energy absorber.   The damper device according to claim 7, wherein the extensible plug is provided so as to be replaceable. Threaded portions are provided at both ends of the extensible plug, and screw holes are provided in the cylindrical walls of the inner and outer rigid members, respectively, and one end of the extensible plug is at the inner cylindrical rigid member and the other end is at the outer end. The damper device according to claim 8, wherein each of the cylindrical rigid members can be screwed.   The damper device according to any one of claims 7 to 9, further comprising a restraining mechanism for the stretchable plug.   The said restraining mechanism has a through-hole of the said extensible plug, and consists of several steel plates arrange | positioned at intervals concentrically with respect to the said inner cylindrical rigid member. Damper device.   The restraint mechanism is a plurality of steel pipes having a through-hole of the extensible plug, arranged concentrically with respect to the inner cylindrical rigid member, and forming a laminated structure with the energy absorber. The damper device according to claim 10.   The damper device according to claim 10, wherein the restraining mechanism is a spring surrounding the extensible plug.   After the energy absorber is placed between the inner and outer rigid members and vulcanized, the extensible plug is inserted into the energy absorber from the screw hole of the outer cylindrical rigid member to the screw hole of the inner cylindrical rigid member. A hollow portion that can be inserted is provided, and one end of the extensible plug is screwed to the inner cylindrical rigid member and the other end is screwed to the outer cylindrical rigid member. 9. The damper device according to 9.   Non-adhesive treatment is performed on the surface of the extensible plug, one end of the extensible plug is screwed to the screw hole of the inner cylindrical rigid member, and the other end is screwed to the screw hole of the outer cylindrical rigid member, The damper device according to claim 9, wherein the energy absorber is vulcanized by interposing between the inner and outer rigid members.   The damper device according to claim 14, wherein a filling rate of the stretchable plug with respect to a volume of the hollow portion is in a range of 90% to 120% in a normal temperature state of the energy absorber. An outer cylindrical rigid member is arranged concentrically on the outer peripheral side of the inner cylindrical rigid member so as to surround the inner cylindrical rigid member, and energy absorption is made up of a viscoelastic member or an elastic member between the inner and outer rigid members. Combined with the body so that relative displacement is possible,
A highly attenuating extensible plug is straddled between inner and outer cylindrical walls of the inner cylindrical rigid member and the outer cylindrical rigid member, and penetrates in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction with respect to the energy absorber. A damper device provided,
The damper device characterized in that the extensible plug has a rigidity of at least 5 to 10 times the rigidity of the energy absorber.   18. The damper device according to claim 7, wherein a head side of the extensible plug is covered with a cap inserted into a screw hole of the outer cylindrical rigid member.   The damper device according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the inner cylindrical rigid member and the outer cylindrical rigid member have an uneven shape on a surface in contact with the energy absorber.   The damper device according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein a sealing mechanism for the energy absorber is provided between the inner and outer rigid members.   The sealing mechanism includes an annular groove formed over the entire circumference of either the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylindrical rigid member or the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylindrical rigid member, and is fitted into the annular groove portion attached to the other. The damper device according to claim 20, wherein the damper device comprises an annular packing.   The sealing mechanism comprises an annular seal portion integrally formed over the entire circumference of either the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylindrical rigid member or the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylindrical rigid member, 21. The damper device according to claim 20, wherein the tip peripheral surface of the annular seal portion is slidably contacted with the other peripheral surface.   An energy absorbing ring member is formed by interposing a viscoelastic member or an elastic member between an inner cylindrical member and an outer cylindrical member arranged concentrically to form an energy absorbing ring member, and the inner cylindrical rigid member and its outer peripheral side. A damper device comprising: an outer cylindrical rigid member concentrically arranged so as to surround the inner cylindrical rigid member and integrally coupled via the energy absorbing ring member.   The inner cylindrical member of the energy absorbing ring member is fixed to the inner cylindrical rigid member, and the outer cylindrical member of the energy absorbing ring member is fixed to the outer cylindrical rigid member by screws. Damper device.