JP6286816B2 - Manufacturing method for artificial ground block - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a process for producing an artificial soil block, in particular, it relates to a method of manufacturing artificial ground block using-out peeling under predetermined particle size or less as an aggregate.

  Conventionally, waste such as debris (woods, metals, rubbers, plastics, etc.) caused by natural disasters such as earthquakes and tsunamis, concrete waste generated from building sites and building demolition sites, waste materials, etc. Is collected as industrial waste or general waste (hereinafter referred to as “waste”), removed from incinerators and incinerated at incineration facilities, and the residue after incineration is landfilled at the final disposal site. However, due to the recent shortage of construction sites for final disposal sites, development of new treatment methods to replace landfills is desired.

  For example, in Patent Document 1, a residue (incineration ash) that has been incinerated at an incineration facility is recovered, the incineration ash is primary and secondary crushed, and is sized to a predetermined particle size distribution, and this is used as an aggregate for cement binder A processing method has been proposed in which a block-shaped concrete product is produced by kneading, pressure forming, and curing.

  According to the treatment method described in Patent Document 1, heavy metals remaining in the incinerated ash are not likely to be eluted, and practically sufficient strength can be obtained, so that it is effectively used as a material for civil engineering and construction. It is possible to solve the shortage of land for construction of the final disposal site.

JP-A-7-96263

  However, when a natural disaster such as an unexpected large-scale earthquake or tsunami occurs and waste such as debris is generated, the waste is incinerated by the treatment method described in Patent Document 1. It took time and effort to process.

The present invention is intended made in view of the conventional problems as described above, when the peeling-outs occur, the process for producing an artificial soil block that can be processed quickly without them the incineration The purpose is to provide.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following means.
That is, the present invention is to provide particle sizes containing lead is incinerated following rubble 150 mm, water-cement ratio be 60% or less of the cement milk solidifying material cement per block 1 m ³ is equal to or more than 300kg It is a manufacturing method of an artificial ground block that is solidified in a state where the debris and the solidified material are pressed from above by being mixed in, and the amount of lead elution from the artificial ground block according to the notification 46 elution test is A chelating agent is added to the solidifying material so as to be less than 0.001 mg / L.

According to the method of manufacturing artificial ground block of the present invention, when caused peeling outs without the collected debris to incineration incinerator, it is possible to manufacture the artificial ground block. Therefore, it is possible to expedite-out peeling. Further, since the solidified debris in solidification agent, even if the debris contains toxic substances, toxic substances will not be eluted. Furthermore, since no debris is in contact with air and water, there is debris include wood chips, never as to anaerobic fermentation, the strength decreases, the volume reduction can be prevented.

Moreover, according to the manufacturing method of the block for artificial ground of this invention, since the chelating agent is added to the said solidification material, elution of lead can be suppressed even if it is a debris containing lead.

  According to the secondary product of the present invention, predetermined kneading performance and shape stability can be obtained.

  In the secondary product of the present invention, the water cement ratio of the mortar may be 30 to 40%, and the fine aggregate cement ratio may be 2.0 to 2.5.

  According to the secondary product of the present invention, predetermined kneading performance and shape stability can be obtained.

  In the secondary product of the present invention, the waste may have a particle size of 40 mm or less.

According to the method for producing an artificial ground block of the present invention, it is possible to satisfy a predetermined compressive strength (1 N / mm ² ) and kneadability as an artificial ground block.

Moreover, in the manufacturing method of the block for artificial ground of this invention, it is good also as using seawater for mixing water.

According to the method for producing an artificial ground block of the present invention, when seawater is used as the mixing water, a predetermined compressive strength (1 N / mm ² ) as an artificial ground block can be expressed at an early stage, and immediate deframement can be achieved. This will enable mass production of artificial ground blocks.

Further, in the present invention, when the debris is crushed to a predetermined particle size or less, classified to a particle size of 150 mm or less, mixed into the solidified material, and when the solidified material and debris are pressed from above The surplus solidified material that has been discharged may be collected and used for the production of the next solidified product.

According to the method for manufacturing an artificial ground block of the present invention, since the solidified material can be spread all around the debris as an aggregate, the debris and the solidified material can be firmly bonded. In addition, when the solidified material and debris are pressed from above, the excess solidified material discharged is collected and used for the production of the next artificial ground block, so the waste of the solidified material can be eliminated.

As described above, according to the method of manufacturing artificial ground block of the present invention, without incineration incineration facility-out collected peeling, it can be processed quickly.

It is the schematic sectional drawing which showed 1st Embodiment of the solidified body by this invention, Comprising: It is the schematic sectional drawing which showed the block for artificial ground as a solidified body. It is the schematic sectional drawing which showed the secondary product as a solidified body of 1st Embodiment. It is the schematic sectional drawing which showed the example of application of the solidified body of 1st Embodiment. It is the flowchart which showed the manufacturing method of the solidified body of 1st Embodiment. It is the schematic sectional drawing which showed the block for artificial ground as a solidified body of 2nd Embodiment. It is the flowchart which showed the manufacturing method of the solidified body of 2nd Embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which showed the test body of the block for artificial ground, and its test result. It is explanatory drawing which showed the test body of the block for artificial ground, and its test result. It is explanatory drawing which showed the specimen of the secondary product, and its test result. It is explanatory drawing which showed the result of the elution test of a waste material (debris) and a solidified body. It is a flowchart of the mixing | blending determination of the block for artificial ground. It is a flowchart of a primary selection test. It is an explanatory view showing the relationship of the cement amount and the uniaxial compressive strength per block 1 m ³ (the wood age 7 days). It is an explanatory view showing the uniaxial compressive strength of the relationship between the cement amount per block 1 m ³ (the wood age 28 days). It is the flowchart which showed the flow of development of the insolubilization technique. It is a flowchart of the elution test of the cement solidified body using simulated contamination debris.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 to 4 show a first embodiment of a solidified body, a secondary product, an artificial ground block, and a solidified body manufacturing method according to the present invention. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a block for artificial ground as a solidified body, FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a secondary product as a solidified body, and FIG. 3 is a material for road embankment as a block for artificial ground as a solidified body. FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an application example in which the secondary product is used for a retaining wall and a side groove, and FIG.

  That is, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the solidified body 1 of the present embodiment uses the waste 2 as an aggregate, and the waste 2 is in the solidified material 3 without being incinerated at an incineration facility. It is formed into a predetermined shape (for example, a rectangular parallelepiped shape) by being mixed and solidified into a block for artificial ground 1a such as road embankment, evacuation hill, tide embankment, river embankment, side groove, retaining wall It can be used as a secondary product 1b such as a manhole, a drainage basin, a water tank, a curb, or a pedestrian boundary block.

  Waste 2 is, for example, debris generated by natural disasters such as earthquakes and tsunamis (concrete glass, wood, rubber such as tires, plastics such as plastic containers, glass such as window glass, vehicle bodies, Metals such as housings for home appliances, earth and sand, etc.), concrete waste generated from construction sites and building demolition sites, industrial waste such as waste materials, or general waste (hereinafter referred to as waste 2). Thus, a residue having a particle size of 150 mm or less after removing a large one from these wastes 2 is used as an aggregate.

  In the present embodiment, debris generated by a natural disaster is recovered as waste 2, a large one is removed from the recovered waste 2 with a heavy machine, and the residue after removal is applied to a classifier, and the particle size is 150 mm or less. (Primary waste 2a) is taken out, the primary waste 2a is further applied to a classifier, and the particle size of 40 mm or less (secondary waste 2b) is taken out, and the primary waste 2a is removed from the artificial ground block 1a. It is used as an aggregate, and the secondary waste 2b is used as an aggregate of the secondary product 1b.

  In the present embodiment, the residue obtained by removing the large waste from the collected waste 2 is supplied to the classifier and classified, but the residue is crushed by the crusher to reduce the particle size to 150 mm or less. Then, it may be supplied to the classifier. Moreover, you may use the residue which removed the big thing as it is, without using a classifier and a crusher.

The solidifying material 3 is, for example, cement milk or mortar, and the artificial ground block 1a needs to have a strength capable of resisting external pressure of about 1.0 N / mm ^2. Therefore, the cement milk or cement milk is mixed with fly ash or the like. Is used as the solidifying material 3a.
Although fly ash, which is a JIS standard processed product, was used as an admixture, the fly ash may be a raw powder discharged from a thermal power plant, and may not undergo processing such as crushing and particle size adjustment. By using this, the material processing step can be omitted, which contributes to the reduction of carbon.
The secondary product 1b is used because strength to resist the external pressure is needed about 10~20N / mm ^2, the mortar (a mixture of cement milk and sand at a predetermined weight ratio) as the solidifying agent 3b .
Instead of mortar sand, a residue having a particle size of 25 mm or less obtained by classifying the waste 2 with a classifier, or a waste 2 having a particle size of 25 mm or less recovered from the field may be used. .
The same effect can be obtained by using volcanic ash, coal ash, or fine powder of blast furnace slag instead of sand. Furthermore, the adhesive force of mortar and debris can be improved by adding a polymer or a thickener separately.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the solidified body 1 having the above-described configuration is installed on the artificial ground block 1 a constituting the embankment material of the road embankment 10 or on the slope of the slope of the road embankment 10. It is used as a secondary product 1b such as a gutter, a curbstone, and a pedestrian boundary block installed along a wall and a butt. In the figure, reference numeral 11 denotes cover soil.

  Next, the manufacturing method of the artificial ground block 1a and the secondary product 1b as the solidified body 1 will be described with reference to FIG.

<Manufacturing method of artificial ground block>
In order to manufacture the artificial ground block 1a, as shown in FIG. 4, first, in the primary adjustment step, the debris is collected from the disaster site as waste 2, and the larger waste is removed from the collected waste 2; The subsequent residue is classified using a classifier, and the primary waste 2a having a particle size of 150 mm or less is taken out.

  Next, in the impregnation step, as shown in FIG. 1, a bag body 5 having a predetermined volume formed in accordance with the shape of the artificial ground block 1 a is used, and a predetermined water cement ratio is set inside the bag body 5. The solidifying material 3a (cement milk or cement milk to which an admixture such as fly ash is added) is filled, and a predetermined amount of primary waste 2a is charged into the solidifying material 3a, and the lifting hook 4 Is arranged so that the hanging portion protrudes upward from the upper surface of the solidifying material 3a.

  Next, in the compaction step, as shown in FIG. 1, the solidifying material 3a and the primary waste 2a are pressed from above the bag body 5 by pressing means 7 (press plunger or weight), and in this state, The solidifying material 3a is solidified by curing for a period of time. The surplus solidified material 3a overflowing from the bag body 5 is used for manufacturing the next artificial ground block 1a.

In this way, the artificial ground block 1a in which the primary waste 2a and the solidified material 3a are integrally coupled can be manufactured. A plurality of artificial ground blocks 1a can be manufactured by continuously performing such operations. By stacking the plurality of artificial ground blocks 1a on the construction site of the road embankment 10, roads The material of the embankment 10 can be constructed.
In addition, the bag body 5 does not need to be sealed. Moreover, the hole of the grade which water oozes out may be opened. Furthermore, as the bag body 5, for example, a ton pack is suitable. By pressing with the pressing means 7, dehydration proceeds from the surface of the bag body 5, early strength can be expected, and the curing period can be shortened.

  In the above description, the primary waste 2a is introduced into the solidified material 3a after the inside of the bag 5 is filled with the solidified material 3a. However, the solidified material 3a and the primary waste 2b are mixed with the kneader. You may comprise so that after kneading | mixing, those kneaded materials may be filled in the inside of the bag body 5. FIG. In addition, the artificial ground block 1a may be manufactured at a factory or may be manufactured on site.

<Method for manufacturing secondary products>
In order to manufacture the secondary product 1b, as shown in FIG. 4, first, in the secondary adjustment step, the residue (primary waste 2a) having a particle size of 150 mm or less taken out in the primary adjustment step is applied to a classifier. The secondary waste 2b having a particle size of 40 mm or less is taken out. In this case, the primary waste 2a may be crushed by a crusher to obtain secondary waste 2b having a particle size of 40 mm or less.

  Next, in the kneading step, as shown in FIG. 2, the solidified material 3b (mortar adjusted to a predetermined water-cement ratio) and the secondary waste 2b are kneaded by a kneader, and the kneaded product is formed into a predetermined shape. The inside of the formed mold 6 is filled.

  Next, in the compaction process, as shown in FIG. 2, the solidified material 3b and the secondary waste 2b are pressed from above the mold 6 by the pressing means 7 (press plunger or weight), and in this state, The solidifying material 2b is solidified by curing for a predetermined time.

In this case, the solidified material 3b is solidified while pressing the solidified material 3b and the secondary waste 2b from above the mold 6 by the pressing means 7 and applying vibration to the solidified material 3b by vibration. May be.
By using such a bicon manufacturing method, the mold 6 can be released in a short time, so that the secondary product 1b can be efficiently manufactured. The surplus solidified material 3b overflowing from the mold 6 is used for manufacturing the next secondary product 1b.

  In this way, the secondary product 1b in which the secondary waste 2b and the solidifying material 3b are integrally coupled can be manufactured. And by performing such an operation | work continuously, the some secondary product 1b can be manufactured continuously and it can be used as a retaining wall, a side groove, etc. of the bank of the road embankment 10.

  In the solidified body and the method for producing the solidified body of the present embodiment configured as described above, the waste 2 such as debris can be quickly used as an aggregate of the solidified body 1 without being incinerated. it can.

  In addition, waste 2 such as debris can be treated as an aggregate of the solidified body 1 without being incinerated, so that the residue of the incinerated waste (incinerated ash) is landfilled for the construction site of the final disposal site. Can contribute to the shortage.

  Furthermore, since the waste 2 such as debris can be used as the aggregate of the solidified body 1, the material cost of the solidified body 1 can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the solidified body 1 can be kept low.

  Furthermore, even if the waste 2 used as an aggregate contains harmful substances, the waste 2 is solidified in a state of being mixed in the solidified material 3 and the periphery of the waste 2 is coated with the solidified material 3 As a result, no toxic substances will be eluted. Furthermore, even if the waste 2 contains wood, the wood does not undergo anaerobic fermentation by contact with air or water, so that the strength of the solidified body 1 is reduced or the volume is reduced. The performance as the solidified body 1 can be maintained.

  FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the method for producing a solidified body according to the present invention. The manufacturing method of the solidified body of this Embodiment is applied to manufacture of the artificial ground block 1a as a solidified body. In the present embodiment, a mold 6 and a vibrator 8 attached to the outer surface of the mold 6 and applying vibration to the kneaded material filled in the mold 6 via the mold 6 are used for artificial ground. The block 1a is configured to be manufactured, and other configurations are the same as those shown in the first embodiment.

  That is, in the method of manufacturing the artificial ground block 1a of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, first, in the primary adjustment step, the debris from the disaster site is treated as waste 2 in the same manner as in the first embodiment. The recovered waste 2 is removed from the recovered waste 2 by a heavy machine, the subsequent residue is classified by a classifier, and the primary waste 2a having a particle size of 150 mm or less is taken out.

Next, in the kneading step, a kneading machine (for example, a pan-type mixer) is used, and the solidified material 3a adjusted to a predetermined water-cement ratio with the primary waste 2a (cement milk or cement milk fly ash) inside the kneading machine. And a mixture of the primary waste 2a and the solidified material 3a to produce a kneaded product, and the kneaded product is matched to the shape of the artificial ground block 1a. The inside of the formed mold 6 is filled.
In this case, since the primary waste 2a is not in a surface dry state and has a large variation in moisture content, the solidification material 3a is adjusted in advance to a predetermined water cement ratio with a kneader, and then the solidification material 3a It is preferable to add the primary waste 2a to and knead.

  Next, in the compacting step, for example, (1) when compacting in a state where vibration is applied while applying pressure by a pressing means 7 (press plunger or weight, the same applies hereinafter), and (2) vibration is applied. There are a case of compaction in a state where pressure is applied by the pressing means 7 without giving, and a case of (3) compaction in a state where only vibration is given without pressure by the pressing means 7.

In the case of (1), as shown in FIG. 5, the kneaded material inside the mold 6 is pressed from above the mold 6 by the pressing means 7, and each vibrator 8 installed on the outer surface of the mold 6. Is activated to vibrate the kneaded product, and the solidified material 3a is solidified by curing for a predetermined time in this state. In the case of (2), although not shown, the kneaded material inside the mold 6 is pressed from above the mold 6 by the pressing means 7 and cured for a predetermined time in this state to solidify the solidified material 3a. Let In the case of (3), although not shown in the figure, each vibrator 8 installed on the outer surface of the mold 6 is actuated to vibrate the kneaded material inside the mold 6, and in this state, it is cured for a predetermined time. To solidify the solidifying material 3a. In (1), since the mold 6 can be released in a short time, the artificial ground block 1a can be efficiently manufactured.
In this embodiment, the method (3) was used.
The surplus solidified material 3a overflowing from the mold 6 is used for manufacturing the next artificial ground block 1a.

  In this way, the artificial ground block 1a in which the primary waste 2a and the solidified material 3a are integrally coupled can be manufactured. A plurality of artificial ground blocks 1a can be manufactured by continuously performing such operations, and the plurality of artificial ground blocks 1a are constructed as road embankments 10 as shown in FIG. By building up on the site, the material for the road embankment 10 can be constructed.

  In the present embodiment, the vibrators 8 are installed at six locations on the outer side, the middle, and the lower side of the mold 6. However, the number and location of the vibrators 8 are arbitrarily set according to the properties of the kneaded product. can do.

  Also in the present embodiment, the bag body 5 having the same configuration as that of the first embodiment is used, the bag body 5 is accommodated in the mold 6 and the primary disposal is performed in the bag body 5. You may comprise so that the kneaded material of the thing 2a and the solidification material 3a may be filled.

  Even in the manufacturing method of the solidified body of the present embodiment configured as described above, the same operational effects as those shown in the first embodiment can be obtained.

  In the above description, the vibrator 8 is installed on the outer surface of the mold 6. However, the kneaded material filled in the mold 6 is mounted on the arm of the hydraulic excavator and the chisel plate is kneaded. You may comprise so that a vibration may be added, pressing a thing. Further, a rod-shaped vibrator may be temporarily inserted into the mold 6.

  In each of the embodiments described above, the artificial ground block 1a and the secondary product 1b are applied to the road embankment 10, but other various artificial ground blocks and secondary products are used. May be.

7 to 10 show the results of strength tests of the artificial ground block 1a and the secondary product 1b of the solidified body 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
7 and 8 are specimens of the artificial ground block 1a, and FIG. 9 is a specimen of the secondary product 1b. In the specimen shown in FIG. 7, cement milk (water cement ratio: W / C = 60%) was used as the solidifying material 3a. In the specimen shown in FIG. 8, fly ash was added as an admixture to cement milk as the solidifying material 3a. 9 (water cement ratio: W / (C + F) = 30%), in the specimen of FIG. 9, 1: 2 mortar (weight ratio is cement 1: sand 2, water cement ratio: W / C) as the solidifying material 3b. = 30%) was used. In the figure, σ7 is 7-day intensity.

  7 and 8, 1 ton of waste 2a (debris) is mixed into 400 to 500 L of solidified material 3a, and 1 ton of waste is put into 300 to 600 L of solidified material 3b in the sample of FIG. The product 2b (debris) was mixed to produce each.

  Furthermore, for the upper and lower specimens in FIG. 7 and the upper and lower specimens in FIG. 8, a residue (primary waste 2a) having a particle size of 150 mm or less classified by a classifier is used, and the upper specimen in FIG. The specimen used was a residue (secondary waste 2b) having a particle size of 40 mm or less classified by a classifier, and the lower specimen in FIG. 9 had a particle size that was once crushed by a crusher and then classified by a classifier. Each was manufactured using a residue (secondary waste 2b) of 40 mm or less.

  Further, the specimens in the left and middle rows in FIGS. 7 and 8 are put into the mold after kneading the solidified material 3a and the primary waste 2a, and the specimens in the right row in FIGS. After putting the primary waste 2a in the mold, the solidification material 3a is put in the mold, and the specimens in each row in FIG. 9 are mixed in the mold after the solidification material 3b and the secondary waste 2b are kneaded. And manufactured respectively.

  Further, the upper specimens in FIGS. 7 and 8 put the solidified material 3a and the primary waste 2a in the mold and solidify in a state of being pressed by pressing means 7 such as a press. The lower specimens were produced by solidifying the primary waste 2a and the solidifying material 3a in the mold.

Among the specimens manufactured based on the above conditions, the upper and lower specimens in the left column of FIG. 7 and the upper specimen in the left column of FIG. 9 showed poor filling of the solidified material 3a. However, it was found that the artificial ground block 1a had the necessary strength (about 1.0 N / mm ² ). Note that the lower specimen in the left column of FIG. 8 was not testable.

The upper and lower specimens in the middle row in FIG. 7 and the upper specimen in the middle row in FIG. 8 are sufficiently filled with the solidifying material 3a as a whole, and are necessary as the artificial ground block 1a. It was found to have strength (about 1.0 N / mm ² ). In addition, although the test body of the lower row of the middle row of FIG. 8 showed the filling defect of the solidification material 3a, it had the intensity | strength (about 1.0 N / mm < ² >) required as the artificial ground block 1a. I understood.

  Further, it was found that the upper and lower specimens in the right column of FIGS. 7 and 8 are not sufficiently filled with the solidifying material 3a and do not have the strength necessary for the artificial ground block 1a. .

From this result, the specimens in the upper and lower rows of FIG. 7 and the upper row of the middle row of FIG. 9 can be sufficiently used as the artificial ground block 1a, but otherwise the artificial ground block 1a. Since it has been found that the artificial ground block 1a cannot be used, the artificial ground block 1a is manufactured based on the manufacturing conditions of the upper and lower test pieces in the row in FIG. 7 and the upper row in the middle row in FIG. It will be good.
That is, a method of mixing and kneading 500 L or more of a solidifying material per ton of waste, or a method of putting a solidifying material in a mold, and putting the waste in it and impregnating it is an artificial ground block 1a. Suitable for manufacturing.

In addition, the specimens in the lower row of the left column in FIG. 9 and the upper column in the left column of the middle row are insufficiently filled with the solidified material 3b, and have the strength (10 to 20 N / mm ² ) necessary for the secondary product 1b. It turns out that it does not have. Furthermore, the lower specimen on the left side of the middle row in FIG. 9, the upper and lower specimens on the right side of the middle row, and the upper specimen on the right row are sufficiently filled with the solidifying material 3b, and as the secondary product 1b. It was found to have the required strength (10-20 N / mm ² ).

From this result, it was found that specimens other than the lower specimen in the middle row in FIG. 9, the upper and lower specimens in the middle row, and the upper specimen in the right row cannot be used as the secondary product 1b. Therefore, when the secondary product 1b is manufactured, if it is manufactured based on the manufacturing conditions of the lower specimen in the middle row in FIG. 9, the upper and lower specimens in the middle row, and the upper specimen in the right row. It will be good.
That is, when the waste is crushed to 40 mm or more, there are two methods: mixing and kneading 400 L or more of mortar per ton of waste, and kneading with 500 L or more of mortar per ton of waste even if crushing. It is suitable for manufacturing the next product 1b.

FIG. 10 shows the results of a toxic substance elution test for waste (debris) and a toxic substance elution test for solidified bodies.
In the elution test of waste (debris), waste (debris) coarsely pulverized to a particle size of less than 40 mm with a pulverizer (jaw crusher) was used, and this waste (debris) was further 10 mm with a pulverizer (jaw crusher). Wood chips, plastics, cloth, etc. that could not be crushed were removed, the residue was further pulverized and classified, and the following was taken out to less than 2 mm. (Hereinafter referred to as Ring 46 test).

  Further, in the dissolution test of the solidified body, an upper specimen on the right side of the middle row in FIG. 9 was used, and the specimen was pulverized to a particle size of less than 2 mm.

  From this test result, lead and fluorine were detected, but both were below the soil environmental standard value. In addition, the elution amount of hexavalent chromium, arsenic and boron was less than the lower limit of quantification and was lower than that of waste (debris only), indicating that the elution was suppressed by the solidified product.

Thereby, since the elution of heavy metals can be suppressed by coating the solidified waste with the solidifying material, the elution of the organic matter can also be suppressed.
In addition, since the waste does not come into contact with air and water, even if the waste contains wood chips, it does not undergo anaerobic fermentation and can prevent strength reduction and volume reduction.
In addition, since waste is not incinerated, it can contribute to CO ₂ reduction.

Next, the selection experiment (experiment A) of the blending of the secondary product will be described.
In order to select the composition of the mortar of the secondary product, a block was manufactured by changing the water cement ratio, the fine aggregate cement ratio, and the mixing ratio of the mortar, and the bending strength test was performed. Further, when the water cement ratio is reduced, kneading becomes difficult, so an admixture must be added, the mortar flow becomes large, and there is a concern that shape stability may not be ensured at the time of immediate deframement. For this reason, the dimension was also measured.

(1) Outline of Experiment 1) Experiment Case The selection of the mortar composition was performed by paying attention to the following evaluation index. In addition, in order to select a composition that satisfies the evaluation index, an experiment was performed with the following parameters.
<Evaluation index>
・ Kneading performance: Is mortar kneading possible? Also, will the mixing time be excessive?
・ Bending strength load: Isn't it an extremely low value?
・ Shape stability: Do you satisfy the dimensional tolerance required for blocks?
<Parameter>
-Water-cement ratio: 30%, 25%, and 23%
-Fine aggregate cement ratio: 2.0 and 2.5
Here, the water cement ratio is set to 23%, 25%, and 30%. In the present invention, the bicon manufacturing method is used to manufacture the secondary product, and the general upper limit value of the bicon manufacturing method is that the water cement ratio is This is because it is 30 to 40%.
<Prototype block>
-JIS A 5371 Out of the road boundary blocks, Annex 4 “Place boundary block A (Place A): width 120 mm × height 120 mm × length 600 mm” was prototyped.

2) Materials used As materials, cement (Blast Furnace Cement B), fine aggregate (sand), debris (primarily crushed to a particle size of 40 mm or less), admixture (high performance water reducing agent) were used.

3) Blending Table 1 shows the blending of materials used for block production. In consideration of the block performance (such as mortar filling, surface smoothness, etc.), the mixing ratio of mortar and debris was 6: 4 by volume, or the mixing ratio of mortar was larger than this. This is because when the mixing ratio was 5: 5, the mortar was not filled densely. The fine aggregate cement ratio was 2.0 to 2.5.

4) Manufacturing method of block The manufacturing method of the block was the same as the manufacturing method of the secondary product of the first embodiment described above.

(2) Experimental results and discussion Table 2 shows a list of mortar mixing time, mortar flow value measurement results, bending strength test results, and dimensional measurement results.

<Kneading performance>
The combination of water cement ratio 23% and water cement ratio 25% and fine aggregate cement ratio 2.5 requires 7-9 minutes to knead the mortar uniformly, and it takes a long time to mix. Result. From this result, when the fine aggregate cement ratio is 2.5, the water cement ratio of 25% or less takes a long time, so it was determined as NG.
<Bending strength load>
Regarding the bending strength, no significant difference was observed even when the water-cement ratio was changed. In any combination, a load about the reference value defined in the JIS standard was obtained. From this result, the range of NG could not be limited.
<Shape stability>
With respect to the block dimensions, there was a tendency for height (h) to decrease and length (l) to increase. The result was that the composition with a larger mortar flow value was more easily deformed. From this result, in order to stabilize the shape, it is desirable to set the 15 strokes of the flow value to 150 mm or less.
In addition, for the blending of the fine aggregate cement ratio of 2.5 and the water cement ratio of 25% and 23%, the ground boundary block A was within the range of tolerance, but the side portion was found to be involved, In manufacturing a block having a large size (for example, a single-sided walkway boundary block C), there is a high possibility of deviating from the tolerance. From these results, both the fine aggregate cement ratios of 2.5 and 2.0 were determined to be NG because the water cement ratio of 25% or less may cause the side portion to protrude.
In addition, the blending of 30% water cement ratio and 2.0 fine aggregate cement ratio was the result that the length (l) exceeded 604 mm and 1 mm tolerance, but the mortar flow value of 15 shots was reduced to 150 mm or less. It is considered that the tolerance is satisfied by adjusting.
Table 3 shows the results of evaluating each formulation with three indicators of kneading performance (time required for uniform kneading), bending strength and shape stability. When the three performances were comprehensively evaluated, it was judged that a blend with a water cement ratio of 30% and a fine aggregate cement ratio of 2.0 was the most desirable blend for producing a block.

  From the results of the above experiments, it is preferable to set the water cement ratio to 30% or more (upper limit 40%) and the fine aggregate cement ratio to 2.0 to 2.5 for the blending of the mortar of the secondary product. By adjusting within this range, both shape stability and kneading performance can be satisfied. Here, the reason why the upper limit value of the water cement ratio is 40% is that when the water cement ratio exceeds 40%, it is difficult to immediately remove the frame by the Bicon manufacturing method.

Next, a verification experiment (experiment B) for variations in the finished shape and bending strength will be described.
When applying the debris residue to the aggregate of the block, it is necessary to check how much variation in the finished shape and bending strength load exists. Therefore, 30 blocks were prototyped with the formulation determined in the above-described experiment (A), the bending strength load and the finished shape were measured, and the data variation was statistically confirmed.

(1) Outline of experiment 1) Type of manufactured block The manufactured block corresponds to a size 5 times as large as the particle size of debris residue in the road boundary block defined in JIS A 5371 Annex 4. A single-sided walkway boundary block C (one-step C) was manufactured. The specifications of the block of one-step C are (top surface width 180 mm, bottom surface width 210 mm) × height 300 mm × length 600 mm.
2) Material used The material used for the experiment was the same as in the above-described experiment (A).
3) Blending The blending of the materials used in the experiment was 30% water cement, 2.0 fine cement ratio, and the mixing ratio of mortar and debris residue was 6: 4 by volume. Further, the addition rate of the admixture was set to cement (C) × 0.5% in order to make 15 shots of the mortar flow value 150 mm or less.
4) Manufacturing method of block It was set as the above-mentioned experiment (A).
5) Confirmation item / Flow value of mortar: It was carried out in accordance with a flow test prescribed in JIS R5201. When the first batch of mortar was kneaded, a test was conducted by collecting a sample before adding debris residue.
-Kneading temperature: Measured according to JIS A 1156 together with the mortar flow value.
-Dimensions: The dimensions were measured for the parts specified in JIS A 5371.
-Unit volume mass: Calculated by measuring the weight of the block and dividing by the volume calculated from the above dimensional results.
-Bending strength load: A bending test was carried out in accordance with JIS A 5371. The reference value of each block defined in JIS A 5371 is 60 kN for one-step C.

(2) Experimental results and discussion 1) Mortar flow value The mortar flow test was carried out twice because the block was produced over 2 days, but the 15 mortar flow values were all 150 mm or less.
2) Kneading temperature Each kneading temperature was 15 degreeC.
3) Ready-made shape Table 4 shows a list of measurement results of the ready-made shape.
As for the finished shape, all of the blocks satisfied the dimensional tolerance defined in JIS A 5371.
4) Bending strength load Table 4 shows a list of bending strength loads. Regarding the bending strength (bending strength load), among the 30 bodies, the maximum is 87.5 (kN), the minimum is 60.0 (kN), the average is 73.9 (kN), and all are JIS A 5371. The reference value (60 kN or more) was satisfied.
In addition, although the compression strength test was not performed about 30 manufactured this time, since all 30 manufactured satisfied the conditions of the bending strength of 60 kN or more of JIS specification, 10-20 N / of compressive strength. It is clear that mm ² is satisfied.

Next, a selection experiment (experiment C) for blending the artificial ground block will be described.
(1) Flow of formulation determination In order to select the optimal formulation of the artificial ground block, the formulation was examined according to the procedure shown in FIG. In addition, the target performance in determining the formulation is as follows.
<Target performance>
・ Uniaxial compressive strength: 1 N / mm ² or more (φ100 mm core 28 days strength)
・ Fluidity: Low adhesion to mixer etc. and high workability ・ Others: Use as much debris residue as possible.
In the primary selection test, the formulation was examined using small blocks. The blending was narrowed down according to the state at the time of kneading and the strength of the core collected from the block. In the secondary selection test, a prototype of a full-scale artificial ground block was made to confirm the ease of kneading with a mixer, workability, block quality, etc., and the optimum blending was examined.

(2) Selection test method 1) Primary selection test method Prior to manufacturing a full-scale artificial ground block, a primary selection test was conducted in order to study a formulation that provides a predetermined strength and good workability. . In the primary selection test, a small block was manufactured using a plastic mold having a width of 38 cm, a depth of 26 cm, and a height of 24 cm. The test flow is shown in FIG. In the test, focusing on the following items, the formulation was narrowed down.
・ Ease of mixing debris and cement, water ・ State after mixing ・ Compressive strength 2) Secondary selection test method Prototype block for artificial ground (width 75cm x depth 75cm x height 85cm) Attention was focused on narrowing down the formulation.
・ Ease of kneading with a mixer, workability, block quality

(3) Test case 1) Primary selection test case Table 5 shows a list of primary selection test cases carried out using small blocks. The experiment was conducted for a total of 11 cases with the water cement ratio and the amount of cement paste added per 1 ton of debris as parameters, referring to the results of the test kneading conducted in advance.

2) Secondary selection test case The combination of 3 cases selected from the results of the primary selection test was conducted. Table 6 shows a list of secondary selection test cases.

(4) Selection Test Results 1) shows one column of the primary selection test results primary selection test results in Table 7, the uniaxial compressive strength of the relationship between the cement amount per artificial ground block 1 m ³ obtained in the primary selection test It shows in FIG. 13, FIG. Although the test results vary, it can be seen that the uniaxial compressive strength increases as the cement addition amount increases with the strength of the material age 7 days and material age 28 days. From this result, in order to obtain the target uniaxial compressive strength of 1 N / mm ² , it was found that approximately 300 kg or more of cement had to be mixed into the artificial ground block 1 m ³ .
Moreover, in order to ensure the fluidity | liquidity after mixing, it can be said that it is necessary to increase the addition amount of cement milk per 1t of debris, or to enlarge W / C of cement milk. Based on these results, the secondary selection test was performed for three cases (Case 4, Case 9, and Case 10) in which the comprehensive judgment is “good” or “Δ”.

2) Results of secondary selection test A secondary selection test was conducted on the three types of blends that were narrowed down by the primary selection test. The secondary selection test results are shown in Table 8.

From the state at the time of kneading, the quality of the block, etc., it was decided to carry out this test with Case 10 (W / C = 60% 372 kg) as the optimum blend. When W / C = 60% or less and the amount of cement per 1 m ^{3 of} block is 300 kg or more, a predetermined compressive strength (1.0 N / mm ² ) and kneadability can be satisfied.

(5) Verification experiment of variation in finished shape and compressive strength A block for artificial ground was manufactured according to the composition shown in Table 9 which was narrowed down by primary and secondary selection tests.

(1) Outline of Experiment In a verification experiment by manufacturing an artificial ground block, 10 artificial ground blocks each having a width of 75 cm, a depth of 75 cm, and a height of 85 cm were manufactured, the shape of the block was measured, and the variation was grasped. In addition, core sampling (φ10 cm × L = 85 cm × 3) was performed for each block, and a compression test was performed using the core to grasp the variation in strength.
In addition, a steel soil tank (formwork) was used to manufacture the block. The steel soil tank (formwork) had an internal dimension of 75 cm x 75 cm x 85 cm, and a structure with a height of 20 cm on the top of the soil tank. It has become. A vibrator is installed on the side. Moreover, an air spring is used as a load loading device from above, and a load can be loaded up to 150 kN / m ² via a loading plate of 70 cm × 70 cm.

(2) Block Manufacturing Method The manufacturing procedure of the artificial ground block was the same as the manufacturing procedure of the artificial ground block of the second embodiment described above.

(3) Core sampling and uniaxial compression test In order to grasp the strength of the block, a uniaxial compression test was performed on the core sampling sample. Three cores of φ10cm × L85cm are collected from the block after 7 days of age, and 3 specimens (φ10cm × h20cm) for strength test of 7 days of age and 28 days of material age are collected. did. As the specimen for the compression test, a location where the specimen height of 20 cm can be secured is selected from the collected core of L = 85 cm.

(4) Verification experiment result According to the test result of the core sample, the uniaxial compressive strength showed a large variation. Focusing on the uniaxial compression test results, variation compared to the average value 3.31N / mm ² large ones wood age 7 days, the average direction of the mean value 4.53N / mm ² of wood age 28 days compressive strength There was a tendency for the values to increase. Moreover, the uniaxial compressive strength exceeded the target strength in all data. Looking at the state of the core before and after the uniaxial compression test, the part destroyed in the compression test is mainly the mixed cement paste part, and there are few cases where the debris residue is destroyed. In addition, if the surface includes debris with a smooth surface such as roof tile or plastic, it can be said that the edge is likely to be cut at that point.

Next, the insolubilization experiment (experiment D) of the solidified body (secondary product and artificial ground) according to the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 15, first, a sample of debris residue was prepared, and the amount of elution and content of harmful substances were measured. Next, artificial contaminants were artificially added to the debris residue to produce simulated debris. A cement solidified body was produced using this and an elution test was performed.

(1) Test method 1) Target substances In the test, nine items (cadmium, cyanide, lead, hexavalent chromium, arsenic, mercury, selenium) classified as second-class specific substances (heavy metals, etc.) in the Soil Contamination Countermeasures Law , Fluorine, boron).
Of the toxic substances stipulated in the Soil Contamination Countermeasures Law, these 9 items were selected as those that may exist without being volatilized in debris.

2) Environment Agency Notification No. 46 Dissolution Test a) Handling of collected rubble residue The collected rubble residue was stored in a glass container or a container to which a substance to be measured does not adsorb. The test was conducted immediately after collecting debris residue. If the test could not be performed immediately, it was stored in a dark place and the test was performed immediately.
b) Preparation of sample The collected debris is air-dried, except for medium pebbles and wood chips, and after crushing the lump and aggregate, the debris residue obtained by passing through a non-metallic 2 mm sieve is obtained. Mix well.
c) Preparation of sample solution Sample (unit g) and solvent (hydrochloric acid added to pure water so that the hydrogen ion concentration index (pH) is 5.8 or more and 6.3 or less) (unit ml) The mixture was mixed at a ratio by weight / volume ratio of 10% so that the mixture became 500 ml or more.
d) Elution The prepared sample solution is continuously used for 6 hours at room temperature (approximately 20 ° C) and normal pressure (approximately 1 atm) using a shaker (about 200 times per minute, shaking width is 4 cm or more and 5 cm or less). And shaken.
e) Preparation of test solution The sample solution obtained by performing the operations of a) to d) was allowed to stand for about 10 to 30 minutes, and then centrifuged at about 3000 rpm for 20 minutes. The supernatant was filtered through a membrane filter having a pore size of 0.45 μm to obtain a filtrate, and the amount required for quantification was accurately measured, and this was used as a test solution.

(2) Elution characteristics of debris residue 1) Preparation of debris residue The components of debris residue are concrete glass, wood, cloth, plastic, scrap metal, glass and brick fragments.
In the case of performing the test, a test body was prepared with a mold can of φ50 × 100 mm. For this reason, neither the secondary product block nor the artificial ground block could produce a test specimen with the size of debris actually used. Therefore, debris was adjusted for testing. The composition was adjusted to keep the current debris and only the maximum particle size to 10 mm or less. The particle size of the adjusted debris is the following two types.
・ For notification 46 elution test: 2 mm or less ・ For cement solidified preparation, for notification 19 content test: 2 mm or more and 10 mm or less In addition, in this experiment, it was randomly selected from three places of the pile of rubble residue obtained Taking out, three kinds of debris residue samples were prepared. The adjustment flow is shown in FIG.

(3) Dissolution test using simulated contaminated debris Three types of debris residue dissolution tests and content tests were conducted, and all were found to be less than the environmental standard value.
In order to ensure the safety against elution of the up-cycle block, a “simulated contamination debris” was prepared, and a dissolution test of the cement solidified body using this was conducted.
Here, “simulated pollution debris” is a result of artificial contamination of debris residues so that the amount of elution exceeds the environmental standard of the Soil Contamination Countermeasures Law.
FIG. 16 shows a flow of the dissolution test of the cement solid body using simulated contaminated debris. The experiment was performed according to the following procedure.
1) Nine items such as heavy metals were added to the debris residue, and the correlation between the amount eluted and the amount added was determined. From the correlation, three concentrations of the target elution amount were determined to produce simulated contamination debris.
2) A cement solidified body of a secondary product block and an artificial ground block was prepared, and a notification 46 dissolution test was conducted.

(4) Setting of the amount of substance added for the production of simulated debris First, in order to produce simulated contamination debris exceeding the elution amount standard, the correlation between the amount of harmful substances added to the debris and the amount of elution was derived. Next, the simulated contamination debris was adjusted. The amount of elution from simulated debris was confirmed by Ring No. 46 dissolution test.

1) Outline of the experiment In order to grasp the correlation between the amount added to the debris residue and the elution amount, each substance was added at 6 concentrations. Substances to be added were 9 heavy metals. Table 10 shows the specifications of the reagents used for the addition of each substance. If all nine items are added to one sample, they may affect each other (e.g., cyan will volatilize in an acidic state). Therefore, the acid group and the alkali / neutral group were added depending on the solvent attribute of the added reagent. Table 11 shows the addition amount of 6 concentrations.

<Experimental procedure>
a) Using debris adjusted to 10 mm or less, this was divided into 6 concentrations and 2 groups (50 g each).
b) To the separated debris, the amounts shown in Table 11 were added for each of the acidic group, alkali group and neutral group classified according to the reagent used, and mixed uniformly.
c) The debris added with each substance was sufficiently dried in a fume hood.
d) The dried simulated contaminated debris was crushed to 2 mm or less.
e) A ring notification 46 dissolution test was conducted.
f) The correlation between the addition amount and the elution amount was determined from the test results.

2) Setting of dissolution test results and substance addition amount Table 12 shows one column of the results of the three types of simulated debris dissolution tests. Although there was a slight difference in the amount of elution due to the three types of simulated contamination, there was no significant difference in the elution tendency.

a) Cadmium For all three types of simulated debris, elution was hardly observed even when a content standard value (150 mg / kg) or more was added. The test solution obtained in the test has a pH of around 11, and it is considered that cadmium produced a hardly soluble hydroxide and was difficult to elute.
b) Lead Almost no elution was observed in all simulated debris as well as cadmium even when the content was higher than the standard content (150 mg / kg). Like cadmium, it is thought that it was an environment in which hardly soluble hydroxide was generated in an alkaline environment and it was difficult to elute.
c) Arsenic A first-order correlation was observed between the added amount and the eluted amount. Variations were observed depending on the type of simulated debris.
d) Mercury Similar to cadmium / lead, even when 15 mg / kg or more was added, almost no elution was observed. However, a high concentration of debris 1 (addition amount 30 (mg / kg)), an elution amount nearly 18 times the elution amount standard was observed.
e) Selenium All three types of simulated debris showed almost the same elution amount, and a first-order correlation was observed between the addition amount and the elution amount.
f) Cyan Diffusion varies depending on the type of simulated debris and debris 2 was dissolved to some extent, but almost no elution was observed even when it was added more than the content standard (50 mg / kg).
g) Hexavalent chromium Although it varies slightly due to debris as in cyan, a first-order correlation was observed between the amount added and the amount eluted.
h) Fluorine Although variation was observed depending on the type of simulated contaminated debris, a first-order correlation was observed between the amount added and the amount eluted.
i) Boron All three types of simulated debris showed almost the same elution amount, and a first-order correlation was observed between the addition amount and the elution amount.

  Next, the substance addition amount was set. Simulated contaminated debris used for cement solidified body was prepared by setting 3 concentrations so that the amount of elution was approximately 2 times, 5 times and 10 times the soil environment standard. Table 13 shows the elution amount standard, 2-fold, 5-fold, and 10-fold values of each substance. However, for cyan, the elution standard was not detected, so the lower limit of quantification, 0.1 mg / L, was used as the standard.

Based on the results of dissolution tests, there are two types of dissolution trends.
A. Substances that elute in proportion to the amount added: arsenic, selenium, hexavalent chromium, fluorine, boron Substances that do not almost elute: cadmium, lead, mercury, cyanide

For these two types, the addition amount was set as follows.
A. Substances that elute in proportion to the amount of addition From the relational expression of the amount of addition and the amount of elution, the addition amount of 3 concentrations was determined so that the elution amount would be 2 times, 5 times and 10 times the soil environment standard value.
B. Substances that do not substantially elute When the amount of the substance to be eluted is 10 times the soil environment standard, the content standard will be greatly exceeded. It is not realistic to use such debris residue in the up cycle block. Based on the content standard, the addition amount of 3 concentrations was determined.
For cadmium, lead, and mercury, the concentration was determined to be 0.5 times, 1 time, and 1.33 times the content standard. For cyan, the addition amount was determined to be 0.5 times, 1 time, and 2 times the content standard.
Table 14 shows the amount of each substance added to debris 1, debris 2 and debris 3.

(5) Dissolution test of secondary product block A secondary block was prepared using simulated contaminated debris and the dissolution test was performed.
1) Outline of Experiment Table 15 shows the experimental case and Table 16 shows the composition.

<Experimental procedure>
a) Debris residue adjusted to 10 mm or less was used.
b) The debris was separated into one mold can of φ50 × 100 mm.
c) Each substance was added to the debris at the concentration set in Table 14, and then thoroughly dried to form simulated debris.
d) A mortar was prepared by mixing water, cement, fine aggregate, and high-performance water reducing agent.
e) A considerable amount of mortar was put into the simulated contaminated debris for each mold, mixed thoroughly, filled into the mold, and compacted with a stick.
f) The mold was sealed and placed in a container, followed by air curing (7 days, 28 days).
g) Announcement No. 46 dissolution test was conducted.

2) Dissolution test results Table 17 shows the dissolution test results of the simulated contaminated debris itself.

・ As expected, arsenic, selenium, hexavalent chromium, fluorine, and boron showed a tendency to increase with increasing amounts. Simulated contaminated debris having an elution amount about 10 times the target elution standard could be produced.
-Cadmium and lead were hardly eluted even when the content standard (150 mg / kg) or more was added. Similar to the pre-dissolution test, almost no dissolution was observed in simulated debris.
-Mercury debris 2 and debris 3 were hardly eluted, and it was only slightly eluted when the content standard (15 mg / kg) was exceeded. Debris 1 exceeded the elution amount standard from a low concentration (7.5 mg / kg), but remained at 3 times the elution standard even at a high concentration (20 mg / kg).
・ Almost no elution was observed in cyan as in the previous dissolution test.

  The results of the dissolution test of the secondary product block are shown in Table 18.

・ Cadmium, arsenic, mercury, selenium and cyanide could be insolubilized by using cement solidified. For arsenic, simulated debris having an elution amount of 12 times the elution standard and selenium of 8 times could be insolubilized to below the lower limit of quantification.
-Hexavalent chromium, fluorine and boron could be insolubilized. For hexavalent chromium, simulated debris with an elution amount of 12 times the elution standard, 12 times for fluorine, and 10 times for boron could be suppressed to about 20% of the elution standard. .
・ Lead could be insolubilized in general, but elution amount exceeding the elution amount standard was observed in some types and concentrations. In the simulated debris, almost no elution was observed, but in the case of cement solidified, elution was observed. The cause is considered to be that by using cement solidified body, it increased from around pH 11 to around pH 12.5, and the solubility of pb (OH) ₂ that would occupy most of the existing form increased.

(6) Elution test of artificial ground block An artificial ground block was prepared using simulated debris and an elution test was conducted.
1) Outline of Experiment Table 19 shows the experimental case and Table 20 shows the composition.

<Experimental procedure>
a) Debris residue adjusted to 10 mm or less was used.
b) The debris was separated into one mold can of φ50 × 100 mm.
c) After adding a predetermined concentration of heavy metal, it was sufficiently dried to make simulated contamination debris.
d) Cement paste was prepared by mixing water and cement.
e) Cement paste was put into the simulated contaminated debris for one mold, kneaded thoroughly, packed into the mold, and filled by tapping.
f) The mold was sealed and placed in a container, followed by air curing for 7 days.
g) Announcement No. 46 dissolution test was conducted.

2) Dissolution test result and dissolution characteristics The dissolution test result of the simulated contaminated debris itself is the same because it uses the same sample as the secondary product block.

  Table 21 shows the results of the dissolution test of the artificial ground block.

・ Cadmium, arsenic, mercury, selenium, cyanide and hexavalent chromium could be insolubilized by using cement solidified. For arsenic, simulated debris having an elution amount 12 times the elution amount standard, 8 times for selenium, and 12 times for hexavalent chromium could be insolubilized to below the lower limit of quantification.
-Hexavalent chromium could be insolubilized and no elution was observed. This is considered to have been insolubilized by the incorporation of hexavalent chromium into the cement hydrate ettringite. In the secondary product formulation, there was elution in the cement solidified body, but it was not recognized for artificial ground.
・ Fluorine could also be insolubilized and elution was observed, but it was within the elution amount standard. As the amount added increased, the amount of elution tended to increase, and an elution amount of about 80% of the elution amount standard was observed at a high concentration.
-Boron was almost insoluble in artificial ground and could be insolubilized. Only debris 3 was dissolved at a high concentration and about 20% of the elution standard was observed.
・ Although lead could be insolubilized in general, elution amount exceeding the soil environmental standards was observed. The reason why the cement solidified body was recognized despite the fact that no elution was observed due to the simulated contamination was thought to be due to the increase in pH and the solubility of lead hydroxide as in the secondary product.

Next, the study of lead insolubilization technology will be described.
(1) Lead Insolubilizing Agent Magnesium oxide (MgO) is considered to be highly effective as an insolubilizing agent for lead contaminated soil. On the other hand, chelating agents are used as insolubilizers for incineration ash. Incineration ash is generally alkaline, so it can also be used for cement solids.

(2) Insolubilization effect confirmation test A predetermined amount of lead (standard solution) is added to fine aggregate to produce simulated contaminated aggregate, and this is solidified by adding chemicals to a general mortar formulation. After in-air curing for 7 days, a cement solidified body dissolution test (announcement No. 46) was conducted, and a drug having an insolubilizing effect was selected.

1) Formulation Table 22 shows the formulation of mortar with a water cement ratio of 0.45 and a sand cement ratio of 4. The volume ratio of fine aggregate to the entire mortar is 66%.

2) Materials and cement used: Ordinary Portland cement (density approx. 3 g / cm ³ )
Blast furnace cement
Early strength cement / fine aggregate: land sand (density 2.60 g / cm ³ )
・ High performance water reducing agent: Floric VP-700 (polycarboxylic acid type)
-Water: tap water, seawater 3) A standard solution for analysis of simulated contaminated aggregate lead was added to the fine aggregate. The addition concentration was a lead content standard value of 150 mmg / kg. After adding lead to the fine aggregate, it was air-dried and cemented in a dry state.
4) Preparation of test body Since the chemicals are different between powder and liquid, cement solidified body was prepared as follows.
-Powder: First, fine aggregate and insolubilized drug were kneaded, then cement was added and kneaded, and then water was added and stirred and mixed.
-Liquid: First, a chelating agent was added to and mixed with the fine aggregate, and the cement was mixed and stirred, and then water was added and stirred and mixed.
5) Dissolution test Ring No. 46 dissolution test was conducted on the seventh day of the material age.
Test item: Lead (only No. 3 of seawater kneaded, fluorine and boron added)
PH of test solution, EC
Table 23 shows the dissolution test results from the cement solidified body.

  From the results of this dissolution test, by adding a chelating agent, elution of lead can be suppressed, and even if it is debris containing lead, the secondary product manufactured by adding a chelating agent, artificial ground It was found to be effective in suppressing lead elution from the ground block.

  Table 24 shows the results of the uniaxial compressive strength test of the artificial ground block using seawater as the mixing water and the artificial ground block using fresh water as the mixing water, manufactured by the above-described artificial ground block manufacturing method. Indicates.

In this test, artificial ground blocks were manufactured by changing the mixing water (seawater, fresh water) with the same composition (addition amount of cement paste per 1 ton of debris, water cement ratio). A uniaxial compressive strength test was conducted by core sampling from the ground block.
Moreover, the kneaded material which knead | mixed and changed water (seawater, fresh water) by the same composition was filled in the mold, the test body was produced, and the uniaxial compressive strength test of each test body was done 18 hours after placement.

As a result of this test, the strength (initial strength) of the 18-hour age of the artificial ground block mixed with seawater is an average of 4.1 N / mm ² , and the strength of the age of 7 days is an average of 19.1 N / mm ² The strength (initial strength) of the 18-hour age of the artificial ground block made of fresh water is an average of 2.9 N / mm ² , and the strength on the 7-day age is an average of 16.7 N / mm ^2. It was found that the ground block also satisfied the required strength of the artificial ground block of about 1.0 N / mm ² .
In addition, it was found that the artificial ground block made with seawater was larger than the artificial ground block made with seawater, both in the strength of 18 hours and the strength on the 7th day. If seawater is used as the mixing water, the strength is expressed at an early stage, the frame can be removed in a shorter time, and mass production is possible in a shorter period of time.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Solidified body 1a Artificial ground block 1b Secondary product 2 Waste 2a Primary waste 2b Secondary waste 3, 3a, 3b Solidified material 4 Hook 5 Bag body 6 Formwork 7 Pressing means 10 Road embankment 11 Covering soil

Claims (3)

Said cement per block 1 m ³ water-cement ratio be 60% or less of the cement milk is mixed in the solidifying material is not less than 300kg without particle diameter is incinerated following rubble 150mm including lead A method for producing an artificial ground block that solidifies in a state of pressing debris and the solidified material from above ,
A method for producing an artificial ground block, wherein a chelating agent is added to the solidified material so that an elution amount of lead from the artificial ground block is less than 0.001 mg / L by dissolution test No. 46 .   2. The method for producing an artificial ground block according to claim 1, wherein seawater is used as the kneaded water. After crushing the debris to a predetermined particle size or less, classified to a particle size of 150 mm or less, mixed in the solidified material,
After kneading the debris and the solidified material, solidify in a state of pressing from above,
3. The artificial ground block according to claim 1, wherein when the solidified material and debris are pressed from above, the excess solidified material discharged is recovered and used for manufacturing the next solidified body. Manufacturing method.