JP4473016B2 - Solidification method of waste - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for solidifying waste. More specifically, when solidifying and treating waste with cement, it is possible to prevent elution of harmful substances contained in the waste from the obtained solidified product and to improve the strength of the obtained solidified product. It relates to what you can do.

  Generated from incineration ash discharged from garbage incineration facilities, organic sludge generated from sewage and food industries, inorganic sludge generated from metal industries, mixed organic-inorganic sludge accumulated in rivers (so-called sludge), oil refineries, etc. General waste or industrial waste such as oil waste generated from oil separators installed in commercial kitchens, etc. may contain hazardous heavy metals, PCBs, dioxins, etc. . Therefore, normally, a method of solidifying and discarding these harmful substances is employed.

  For example, a method using cement has been proposed as a method of solidifying so as not to elute these harmful substances.

  However, simply solidifying the waste with cement has a problem of leaching of harmful substances that should have been trapped by rainwater. Furthermore, there also existed problems, such as reducing the intensity | strength of a solidified product by containing a waste material.

(Object of the present invention)
Therefore, an object of the present invention is a solidification method of waste using a waste treatment agent, and in the case of solidifying and treating waste with cement, harmful substances contained in waste from the obtained solidified product It is to improve the strength of the solidified product obtained while preventing elution of the solidified product.

  Means taken by the present invention to achieve the above object are as follows.

The present invention
A waste solidification treatment method for preventing the leaching of harmful substances contained in waste from the solidified product obtained when solidifying and treating the waste with cement,
Using a waste treatment agent containing a hydraulic substance, clay mineral, dispersant, emulsifier, and water,
The waste is incinerated ash, and 1000 parts by weight of the incinerated ash,
Cement 222 parts by weight Waste treatment agent 122 parts by weight
And kneading the blended mixture 16.65 parts by weight of thickening agent 9.15 parts by weight cement reinforcing agent 0.44 parts containing harmful material treatment agent,
The waste treatment agent is 100% by weight in total.
Mixture of hydraulic substance and clay mineral 8% by weight
Mixture of dispersant and emulsifier 80% by weight
12% water
Is kneaded at the above blending ratio,
The mixture of hydraulic material and clay mineral is 100% by weight in total.
Pozzolunk linker mineral as a hydraulic substance 20.0% by weight
Dolomite clinker mineral 20.0% by weight
As clay mineral, halolysite 20.0% by weight
Montmorillonite 20.0% by weight
Kaolin 20.0% by weight
Is pulverized while mixing at the above blending ratio,
Water is added at a ratio of 75 parts by weight to 25 parts by weight of the pulverized hydraulic substance and clay mineral, and this is a mixture of the hydraulic substance and clay mineral.
The mixture of the dispersant and the emulsifier is 100% by weight in total,
As a dispersant, lignin sulfonate 0.3% by weight
Calcium chloride 0.3% by weight
Dodecylsulfonic acid 0.2% by weight
As an emulsifier, 0.7% by weight of methylcellulose
98.5% by weight of water
Are mixed at the above blending ratio,
As a mixture containing the hazardous substance treating agent, the total amount becomes 100% by weight.
Calcium nitrite 7% by weight
Auxiliary agent 19% by weight
Hazardous substance treatment agent 22% by weight
52% by weight of water
Is kneaded at the above blending ratio,
As said auxiliary agent, so that it may become 100 weight% in total,
Antifreezing agent 26% by weight
Dust suppressant 11 wt%
Neutral degradation inhibitor 23% by weight
Benzotriazole-based absorber 13% by weight as UV absorber
Viscosity modifier 27% by weight
Is kneaded at the above blending ratio,
The harmful substance treating agent is 100% by weight in total.
Calcium chloride 7% by weight
Metallothionein 10% by weight
Ferrite 17% by weight
Carboxypetine 6% by weight
Sodium silicate 17% by weight
Zinc sodium 9% by weight
Calcium chloride 17% by weight
Strontium and molybdenum composite 7% by weight
10% by weight ferric oxide or titanium oxide
Kneaded,
The material is poured into a mold to obtain a solidified product,
This is a solidification method for waste.

  Examples of target waste include oil waste generated from oil separators (such as waste plastics, rubber scraps, metal scraps, glass scraps, ceramic scraps, building scraps, burning husks, sludge, waste oils, commercial kitchens, etc.) Grease trap), waste acid, waste alkali, paper waste, wood waste, fiber waste, animal and vegetable residues, slag, animal manure, dust (those generated in refuse incineration facilities, obtained by treating factory exhaust gas), these Wastes treated to dispose of, waste air conditioners, waste TV, PCB parts contained in waste microwave ovens, infectious disease waste (medical waste such as blood, avian influenza and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) Examples include infected animal carcasses and feces) waste PCB, PCB contaminants, designated sewage sludge, waste asbestos, and the like. These are examples of target waste, and it is natural that other waste can be used.

  According to the present invention, a solidified product obtained by solidifying a waste can be obtained by adding a waste treatment agent shown below and cement to the waste and kneading. As a result, harmful substances contained in the waste can be prevented from eluting from the solidified product, and the strength of the obtained solidified product can be improved as compared with the case where the waste is simply solidified with cement. . Furthermore, the amount of cement used can be reduced. This solidified product can also be used as an aggregate for making mortar, concrete and the like.

  The waste treatment agent contains a hydraulic substance, a clay mineral, a dispersant, an emulsifier, and water.

Examples of hydraulic substances include pulverized clinker minerals such as pozzolunk linker mineral and dolomite clinker mineral (ground clinker), tricalcium silicate, which is the main component of Portland cement, and calcium aluminate (calcium aluminum, which is the main component of alumina cement). Nate) and the like.
Moreover, silica and fly ash can also be mixed and used for these hydraulic substances.

  Examples of clay minerals include halolithite, montmorillonite, kaolin, beidellite, and magnesite. Clay minerals mainly act as molding aids.

  Dispersants include lignin sulfonate, lignin sulfonate lime salt, calcium, dodecyl sulfonic acid, naphthalene sulfonate formalin highly condensed sodium salt, creosote oil sulfonic acid, salt of creosote oil sulfonic acid and formalin condensate, etc. Can be mentioned.

  Examples of the emulsifier include methyl cellulose.

  Examples of the water include tap water, distilled water, ion exchange water, salt-containing water (for example, seawater), and the like. In addition, when water containing salt is used, solidification processing of waste is smoothly performed by using calcium nitrite.

  The hydraulic substance, clay mineral, dispersant, emulsifier and water are not particularly limited to those described above.

In addition to the above-mentioned materials, harmful substance treatment agents, early strengthening agents, antifreezing agents, dust control agents, neutral deterioration preventing agents, ultraviolet absorbers, viscosity modifiers, pH stabilizers, glass ceramics, fiber reinforcement Those containing one or more selected from the group consisting of agents can also be used as a waste treatment agent.
Thereby, the solidified product with the high added value provided with the effect of each compounding agent can be obtained.

  Hazardous substance treatment agents are calcium chloride, metallothionein, ferrite, lignin sulfonate, sodium silicate, carboxypetine, zinc sodium, strontium, molybdenum composite, ferric oxide, permanganate, sodium hypochlorite, Chelate resin, nitric acid, sodium theosulfate, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, ferric sulfate, lead oxide and glycerin kneaded material, strontium and molybdenum, or other known ones can be mentioned, depending on the type of waste These can be used alone or confused (one or more).

  Calcium chloride and metallothionein act on toxic heavy metals. Ferrite, lignin sulfonate and sodium silicate act on hexavalent chromium. Carboxypetine acts as a sequestering agent, and also acts as an emulsifier and a dispersant. Zinc sodium acts as a bactericidal and antidote. Strontium, molybdenum composites, ferric oxide and permanganate act on mercury and selenium. Sodium hypochlorite acts on cyanide. Chelating resins act on toxic heavy metals. Nitric acid acts on cadmium and lead by raising the pH to 12 or higher. Sodium teosulfate acts as a dechlorinating agent. Titanium oxide has detoxification, deodorization, antibacterial, and clarification actions. Zinc oxide acts as a deodorant. Ferric sulfate acts as a disinfectant. A mixture of lead oxide and glycerin acts as a rust preventive. Strontium and molybdenum act as antidote.

  By adding a hazardous substance treating agent, each of the harmful substances as described above is chemically stabilized (detoxified), and the elution of the harmful substance from the solidified product can be prevented more reliably.

  Examples of the early strengthening agent include calcium nitrite, zinc silicofluoride, and calcium oxide.

  Examples of the antifreezing agent include calcium nitrite, alkyl dimethyl chloride, calcium acetate and the like.

  Examples of the dust suppressor include dietalanolamide, sulfone salt limb argylbenzene acid, amidoethoxylate and the like.

Examples of the neutral deterioration preventing agent include a kneaded product of lead oxide and glycyrin, a phenol resin, and the like.

  Examples of ultraviolet absorbers include benzotriazole absorbers.

  Examples of the viscosity modifier include calcium chloride and magnesium chloride.

  Known pH stabilizers can be used.

  Glass ceramics are also referred to as crystallized glass and Devitro ceramics, and are formed as glass and then heat treated to form a ceramic whose outer portion is made of microcrystalline material in units of micrometers. In general, functions such as heat resistance, mechanical strength, and electrical properties are improved by crystallization while taking advantage of the glass that is easy to mold.

  Examples of the fiber reinforcing agent include glass wool and asbestos. By adding a fiber reinforcing agent, the strength of the obtained solidified product can be improved.

  In addition to the above-described compounding agents, other cement compounding agents such as a cement reinforcing agent and a thickener can be added and used as a waste treatment agent.

  Examples of the cement reinforcing agent include an epoxy resin, an acrylic resin, and a furan resin.

  Examples of the thickener include cellulose derivatives such as methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, and hydroxyethyl cellulose, DVP, sodium carbonate, sodium silicate, and the like.

  Examples of the cement to be added to the waste treatment agent include Portland cement (ordinary, early strength, etc.), silica cement, fly ash cement, or a combination thereof.

Hazardous substance treatment agent, early strengthening agent, antifreezing agent, dust suppressor, neutral deterioration preventing agent, UV absorber, viscosity modifier, fiber reinforcing agent, cement reinforcing agent, thickener, cement There is no particular limitation.

  By granulating a mixture obtained by the solidification method of waste according to the present invention or a mixture containing the mixture, pressurizing the granulated product in a mold having ventilation and water passage holes, and solidifying it, A water-permeable block can be obtained.

  The shape of the mold is not particularly limited as long as it has a large number of ventilation and water passage holes. Although the material of a mold is not specifically limited, For example, metals, such as iron and stainless steel, a synthetic resin (hard plastic etc.), etc. can be mentioned.

The present invention has the above-described configuration and has the following effects.
(A) The waste treatment agent includes a hydraulic substance, a clay mineral, a dispersant, an emulsifier, and water. The waste treatment agent is added to the waste together with the cement and kneaded to solidify the waste. Thus, a solidified product is obtained. Thereby, while preventing the elution of the harmful substance contained in the waste from the solidified product, the strength of the obtained solidified product is improved.

(B) The waste treatment agent includes a hazardous substance treatment agent, an early strengthening agent, an antifreezing agent, a dust suppressing agent, a neutral deterioration preventing agent, an ultraviolet absorber, and a viscosity modifier. Therefore, by using the waste treatment agent, it is possible to obtain a solidified product having a high added value and having the effect of each compounding agent. For example, if a hazardous substance treating agent is used, the hazardous substance can be chemically stabilized (detoxified) and the elution of the harmful substance from the solidified product can be prevented more reliably.

(C) Granulate the mixture obtained by the solidification method of waste according to the present invention or a mixture containing the mixture, and pressurize the granulated product in a mold having ventilation and water passage holes to solidify it. Thereby, a water-permeable block can be manufactured.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention, this invention is not limited to these.

  Each material was kneaded with the following composition with respect to 1000 parts by weight of incinerated ash as waste. This was poured into a mold and allowed to stand at room temperature for about 1 week to obtain a solidified product.

(1) Cement: 222 parts by weight
(2) Waste treatment agent: 122 parts by weight
(3) Mixture containing hazardous substance treatment agent: 16.65 parts by weight
(4) As a thickener , hydroxyethyl cellulose: 9.15 parts by weight
(5) Epoxy resin as a cement reinforcing agent: 0.44 parts by weight

  First, among the materials described above, the details of the mixture containing the waste treatment agent (2) and the hazardous substance treatment agent (3) will be described.

(Waste treatment agent)
Each material was kneaded at the following blending ratio so as to be 100% by weight in total.
(2-1) Mixture of hydraulic substance and clay mineral: 8% by weight
(2-2) Mixture of dispersant and emulsifier: 80% by weight
(2-3) Water: 12% by weight
Details of each material are as follows.

(2-1) Mixture of hydraulic substance and clay mineral The mixture was pulverized while mixing the hydraulic substance and the clay mineral in the following blending ratio so as to be 100% by weight in total.

Hydraulic substance Pozorank linker mineral: 20.0% by weight
Dolomite clinker mineral: 20.0% by weight
Clay mineral Halolisite: 20.0% by weight
Montmorillonite: 20.0% by weight
Kaolin: 20.0% by weight

  Specifically, after adding ethylene glycol at a rate of 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the pulverized hydraulic substance and clay mineral, it is pulverized over about 72 hours using a pulverizing mill at 120 revolutions per minute, A fine powder of about 250 mesh or less was obtained. By adding ethylene glycol, it can be pulverized smoothly.

  Then, 75 parts by weight of water was added to 25 parts by weight of the obtained pulverized hydraulic substance and clay mineral, and this was used as a mixture of the hydraulic substance and clay mineral.

(2-2) Mixture of dispersant and emulsifier The mixture was mixed at the following blending ratio so as to be 100% by weight in total. Mixing was performed by mixing each material in water to form an aqueous solution at the end.
Dispersant lignin sulfonate: 0.3% by weight
Calcium chloride: 0.3% by weight
Dodecylsulfonic acid: 0.2% by weight
Emulsifier Methylcellulose: 0.7% by weight
Water: 98.5% by weight

(Mixture containing hazardous substance treatment agent)
Each mixture was kneaded at the following blending ratio so as to be 100% by weight in total.
(3-1) Early strength agent (calcium nitrite): 7% by weight
(3-2) Auxiliary agent: 19% by weight
(3-3) Hazardous substance treatment agent: 22% by weight
(3-4) Water: 52% by weight
Among the above materials, the details of the auxiliary agent (3-2) and the hazardous substance treating agent (3-3) are as follows.

Auxiliary agent (3-2) The following materials were kneaded so as to be 100% by weight in total.
As an antifreeze , calcium nitrite: 26% by weight
As a dust suppressant , dietalnolamide: 11% by weight
As a neutral degradation inhibitor , phenol resin: 23% by weight
As UV absorber , benzotriazole absorber: 13% by weight
As a viscosity modifier , calcium chloride: 27% by weight

(3-3) Hazardous substance treatment agent
The following materials were kneaded so as to be 100% by weight in total.
Calcium chloride: 7% by weight
Metallothionein: 10% by weight
Ferrite: 17% by weight
Carboxypetine: 6% by weight
Sodium silicate: 17% by weight
Zinc sodium: 9% by weight
Calcium chloride: 17% by weight
Strontium and molybdenum composite: 7% by weight
Ferric oxide or titanium oxide: 10% by weight

(1) Hazardous substance elution test For the solidified product obtained as described above, an elution test for hazardous substances containing heavy metals was conducted according to the Environmental Agency Notification No. 13 test in 1973. The results are shown in Table 1 below together with the dissolution test results of incinerated ash, which is a raw material. As is clear from Table 1, lead or a compound thereof and a hexavalent chromium compound eluted from the incineration ash were not detected from the solidified product.

(2) Compressive strength test The solidified product obtained as described above is used as an aggregate (fine aggregate and coarse aggregate), and the above-mentioned waste treatment agent and hazardous substance treatment agent are used instead of kneading water. A concrete specimen was prepared using the mixture and the thickener, and the compressive strength test was performed according to JIS A 1108.

A concrete specimen was prepared with the following composition, and this was designated as No.1.
Cement: 296 parts by weight Fine aggregate (solidified product): 780 parts by weight Coarse aggregate (solidified product): 1094 parts by weight Waste treatment agent diluted 100 times with water (volume conversion): 163 parts by weight Mixture containing treatment agent: 0.326 parts by weight As a thickener , hydroxyethyl cellulose: 0.147 parts by weight

  In addition, a concrete specimen having the same composition as the concrete specimen No. 1 except that a waste treatment agent diluted 200 times with water and a waste treatment agent diluted 300 times with water (both converted in volume) were used. These were designated as concrete specimens No. 2 and No. 3, respectively.

Furthermore, crushed stone, which is a natural aggregate, is used as the aggregate (fine aggregate and coarse aggregate), and water is used instead of the waste treatment agent, the mixture containing the hazardous substance treatment agent, and the thickener. A specimen was prepared and used as a control example. The blending ratio is as follows, which is a standard blend of JIS standards.
Cement: 296 parts by weight Fine aggregate (crushed stone): 780 parts by weight Coarse aggregate (crushed stone): 1094 parts by weight Water: 163 parts by weight

  Table 2 shows the results of compressive strength of the control examples and concrete specimens No. 1 to No. 3.

  As is clear from the results in Table 2, the use of the waste treatment agent can improve the strength of the concrete as compared to the control example using natural aggregate. Furthermore, even when the waste treatment agent was diluted to 300 times and used, there was no significant decrease in compressive strength. This was the same when the waste treatment agent was diluted 500 times.

(3) Shape of concrete specimen in freeze-thaw test, elution test of harmful substances, measurement of compressive strength and static elastic modulus, measurement of propagation speed of longitudinal ultrasonic wave 25 parts by weight of solidified product and 75 weight of crushed stone as aggregate The test specimen was prepared in the same manner as the concrete specimen No. 1 described above, except that the waste treatment agent diluted 50 times with water (volume conversion) was used as mixing water. Was No. 4.

A specimen was prepared in the same manner as the concrete specimen No. 4 except that only crushed stone was used as the aggregate and tap water was used as the mixing water.
Specifically, in accordance with the manufacturing method prescribed in JIS A 1132, a 10 × 10 × 40 cm square specimen is cured in a temperature-controlled room at 20 ± 2 ° C. for 2 weeks, and then put into a hard rubber container for a freeze-thaw test. Filled with tap water.

  In the freeze-thaw test, a cycle of −18 ° C. to + 5 ° C. was performed 6 times a day in accordance with the method of freezing and thawing concrete (JSCE-G501) specified by the Japan Society of Civil Engineers. The test was started immediately after curing of the concrete specimens, and ended when the repeated freezing and thawing reached 300 cycles. A part of the water in the hard rubber container was periodically extracted during the freeze-thaw test in order to measure the concentration of harmful substances eluted from the concrete specimen. After extraction, tap water was appropriately replenished so that the liquid level was constant.

3-1. Shape of concrete specimen during freezing and thawing test For the control example which is a standard composition, the shape of the concrete specimen was not retained in the freezing and thawing test 180 cycles and collapsed. On the other hand, concrete specimen No. In No. 4, the shape was retained up to 300 cycles after completion of the freeze-thaw test.

3-2. Hazardous substance elution test The degree of start of the freeze-thaw test, about 100 mL of water in the hard rubber container was extracted at the time of thawing over 10 days at intervals of 10 days, and suspended components were removed with a membrane filter (pore diameter 0.45 μm). We analyzed 6 items of harmful substances contained in the incinerated ash: boron, arsenic, cadmium, total mercury, lead and hexavalent chromium. The results are shown in Table 3 below together with the results of the dissolution test of the incinerated ash that is the raw material of the aggregate.

  As is clear from the results in Table 3, no harmful substances eluted from the incinerated ash were detected for any item for 50 days after the completion of the measurement.

3-3. Measurement of compressive strength and static elastic modulus
The compressive strength and static elastic modulus of the concrete specimen at the age of 28 days were measured according to JIS A1132 and JIS A1149. The results are shown in Table 4.

  As is clear from the results in Table 4, the compressive strength and the static elastic modulus were larger than those of the control example which was a standard composition.

3-4. Measurement of longitudinal ultrasonic wave propagation velocity In order to quantitatively evaluate the degree of damage to concrete specimens caused by repeated freezing and thawing, the longitudinal ultrasonic wave propagation velocity was measured. For the measurement, an ultrasonic nondestructive testing machine (SIT-021 type manufactured by Tokyo Sanwa Shoko Co., Ltd.) was used.

  As a result, a decreasing tendency of the ultrasonic velocity as shown in FIG. 1 was recognized. The propagation speed of ultrasonic waves generally depends on the dynamic rigidity of a material that is a propagation medium of elastic waves. It was confirmed that the control example, which is a standard formulation, was rapidly damaged by repeated freeze-thaw cycles. On the other hand, in the concrete specimen No. 4, it was confirmed that the rigidity decreased within 10% with respect to 300 cycles of repeated freezing and thawing.

Reference example 1

  A solidified product was obtained by the same material, blending ratio and production method as in Example 1 except for the mixture of the hydraulic substance (2-1) constituting the waste treatment agent and the clay mineral.

(2-1) Mixture of Hydraulic Substance and Clay Mineral Each material was kneaded at the following blending ratio so that the total amount would be 100% by weight to obtain the desired mixture of hydraulic substance and clay mineral.
Hydraulic substance Pozzolunk linker mineral: 2.86% by weight
Dolomite clinker mineral: 2.44% by weight
Glass ceramics (trade name “HIROCERAM”, manufactured by Corning, USA)
: 3.26% by weight
Glass wool: 2.04% by weight
Clay mineral Halolisite: 4.08% by weight
Montmorillonite: 1.63% by weight
Kaolin: 1.63% by weight
Basalt (water basalt): 2.44% by weight
Sodium phosphate: 4.08% by weight
Strong alkaline ion aqueous solution (sodium hydroxide aqueous solution): 75.54% by weight

(Toxic substance elution test and compressive strength test)
The obtained solidified product was subjected to a toxic substance elution test and a compressive strength test in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, no toxic substance elution was detected from the solidified product, and it was used as a control example of the standard composition. Compared with the result, the compression strength was high.
The same was true for the solidification of other wastes such as sludge and grease traps.

Reference example 2

  A solidified product was obtained by the same material, blending ratio, and production method as in Example 1 except for the mixture of the hydraulic substance (2-1) constituting the waste treatment agent and the clay mineral.

  That is, it grind | pulverized mixing a hydraulic substance and a clay mineral with the following compounding ratio so that it might become 100 weight% in total. Thereafter, in the same manner as in Example 1, ethylene glycol was added at a ratio of 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight in total, and then pulverized using a pulverizing mill, and 75 parts by weight of water was added to 25 parts by weight of the pulverized product. In addition, the mixture of the desired hydraulic substance and clay mineral was obtained.

Mixture of hydraulic substance and clay mineral of (2-1) Hydraulic substance Tricalcium silicate: 10.0% by weight
Calcium aluminate: 10.0% by weight
Silica: 15.0% by weight
Fly ash: 10.0% by weight
Clay mineral Baydelite: 10.0% by weight
Halolisite: 10.0% by weight
Magnesite: 15.0% by weight
Kaolin: 20.0% by weight

(Toxic substance elution test and compressive strength test)
The obtained solidified product was subjected to a toxic substance elution test and a compressive strength test in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, no toxic substance elution was detected from the solidified product, and it was used as a control example of the standard composition. Compared with the result, the compression strength was high.

Reference example 3

FIG. 2 is a perspective explanatory view showing a nozzle for use in manufacturing a water-permeable block;
FIG. 3 is a perspective explanatory view showing an embodiment of a mold for a water permeable block,
FIG. 4 is a perspective explanatory view showing a water permeable block manufactured by the mold shown in FIG.

  In the same composition as Reference Example 1, cement, a waste treatment agent, a mixture containing a hazardous substance treatment agent, a thickener, and a cement reinforcing agent were added to the incinerated ash and kneaded. This mixture was extruded using a nozzle 10 (see FIG. 2) having a large number of holes 101 at the tip, and the extruded mixture was cut to a desired size (particle size 2.5 to 2.5) with a cutting blade such as a cutter. 40 mm). The mixture obtained by cutting was granulated by applying vibration using a vibrator or the like. The granulated product thus obtained was cured for about 6 hours to 1 week to obtain an aggregate.

  Next, 148 parts by weight of cement, 163 parts by weight of a waste treatment agent, 0.326 parts by weight of a mixture containing a harmful substance treatment agent, and 0.1467 parts by weight of a thickener are added to 1874 parts by weight of this aggregate. Then, this mixture is poured into the following mold body 2 (see FIG. 3). The kind of the material is the same as in Reference Example 1.

The formwork 1 is demonstrated with reference to FIG.
The formwork 1 includes a formwork body 2 having an opening 21 and a rectangular cross section. The opening 21 of the mold body 2 can be closed with a rectangular pressing plate 3 in plan view. The pressing plate 3 can press and press the mixture filled in the mold body 2. The area of the pressing plate 3 is slightly smaller than that of the opening 21 and can be moved up and down along the inner surface of the mold body 2. The side surface and bottom surface of the mold body 2 and the pressing plate 3 are provided with a large number of ventilation and water passage holes 4 having a diameter of 2 to 5 mm.

  While pouring the above-mentioned mixture containing aggregate into the mold body 2 described above, vibration was applied with a vibrator or the like, and the mixture was densely filled into the mold body 2. The opening 21 was closed with the pressing plate 3, and the pressing plate 3 was pressed with a pressing machine or the like. As a result, excess cement and water contained in the filled mixture were discharged to the outside through the ventilation and water passage holes 4.

  When the mixture in the mold 1 was solidified to some extent, it was taken out from the mold 1. Then, it was allowed to stand at room temperature for about 1 week to obtain a water permeable block 5 (see FIG. 4).

Reference example 4

FIG. 5 is a perspective explanatory view showing another embodiment of a mold for a water-permeable block,
FIG. 6 is a perspective explanatory view showing a water permeable block obtained by the mold shown in FIG.

  In the same manner as in Reference Example 2, a mixture as a raw material for the water permeable block was obtained from the aggregate obtained from the waste. This mixture was poured into the following mold body 2a (see FIG. 5).

The formwork 1a will be described with reference to FIG.
The formwork 1a differs from the formwork 1 (see FIG. 3) described in Reference Example 1 only in shape, and the basic structure is the same or substantially the same. The formwork 1a has a bottomed cylindrical form (cylindrical form with one end closed) having a circular opening 21a. The opening 21a can be closed with a circular pressing plate 3a that can press and press the mixture filled in the mold body 2a.

  A large number of ventilation and water passage holes 4 having a diameter of 2 to 5 mm are provided through the side surface and bottom surface of the mold body 2a and the pressing plate 3a. Since other structures are the same as or substantially the same as the mold 1 described in the reference example 3 (see FIG. 3), description thereof is omitted.

  In the same procedure as in Reference Example 3, a mixture containing granulated aggregate was poured into the mold 1a and solidified to obtain a cylindrical water-permeable block 5a (see FIG. 6).

Reference Example 5

FIG. 7 is a perspective explanatory view showing still another embodiment of a mold for a water permeable block,
FIG. 8 is a schematic explanatory view showing a cross section corresponding to the II portion of FIG. 7 for explaining a state in which the pressing body is fitted into the mold body.
FIG. 9 is a perspective explanatory view showing a water permeable block obtained by the mold shown in FIG.

  In the same manner as in Reference Example 2, a mixture as a raw material for the water permeable block was obtained from the aggregate obtained from the waste. This mixture was put into the following mold body 2b (see FIG. 7).

With reference to FIG. 7, the mold 1b will be described.
By using the mold 1b, a cylindrical water-permeable block 5b having a through hole 51 in the axial direction as shown in FIG. 9 can be formed.

The mold 1b shown in FIG. 7 has a substantially cylindrical mold body 2b having an opening 21b.
A circular opening 22 is formed substantially at the center of the bottom surface of the mold body 2b. An insertion portion 31 that is a rod-like protrusion of the pressing body 3b can be fitted into the opening 22.

  The opening 21b of the mold body 2b can be closed with the pressing body 3b provided with the rod-shaped insertion portion 31 described above. The pressing body 3b is formed in a size that can press and press the mixture filled in the mold body 2b. A large number of ventilation and water passage holes 4 having a diameter of 2 to 5 mm are provided through the side surface and bottom surface of the mold body 2b and the pressing plate 3b. Similarly, a number of ventilation and water passage holes 4 are provided through the pressing body 3b.

Please refer to FIG.
The insertion part 31 of the pressing body 3b is fitted into the opening 22 of the mold body 2b described above. And the mixture containing the aggregate obtained from the waste is densely filled from the gap between the pressing body 3b and the mold body 2b. Thereafter, as in Reference Example 3, the pressing body 3b is pressed with a pressing machine or the like, and excess cement or water is discharged from the ventilation and water passage holes 4 to the outside. Thereafter, similarly, by taking out from the mold 1b and curing, a cylindrical water-permeable block 5b (see FIG. 9) having a through hole 51 in the axial center portion was obtained.

  Note that the terms and expressions used in the present specification are merely explanatory and are not restrictive, and do not exclude terms and expressions equivalent to the above terms and expressions. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the technical idea.

The graph which shows the measurement result of the propagation speed of a longitudinal wave ultrasonic wave. An explanatory perspective view showing a nozzle for use in manufacturing a water permeable block. The perspective explanatory view showing one embodiment of a form for water-permeable block. FIG. 4 is a perspective explanatory view showing a water permeable block manufactured by the mold shown in FIG. 3. The perspective explanatory view showing other forms of form for water-permeable blocks. FIG. 6 is a perspective explanatory view showing a water permeable block obtained by the mold shown in FIG. 5. The perspective explanatory view showing other forms of form for water-permeable blocks. Schematic explanatory drawing which shows the cross section corresponding to the II part of FIG. 7 for demonstrating the state which inserted the cover body in the mold main body. FIG. 8 is an explanatory perspective view showing a water permeable block obtained by the mold shown in FIG. 7.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,1a, 1b Formwork 2,2a, 2b Formwork main body 3,3a, 3b Press body 4 Ventilation and water flow hole 5,5a, 5b Permeability block 10 Nozzle 21,21a, 21b Opening part 22 Opening part 31 Insertion Part 51 Through hole 101 hole

Claims (1)

A waste solidification treatment method for preventing the leaching of harmful substances contained in waste from the solidified product obtained when solidifying and treating the waste with cement,
Using a waste treatment agent containing a hydraulic substance, clay mineral, dispersant, emulsifier, and water,
The waste is incinerated ash, and 1000 parts by weight of the incinerated ash,
Cement 222 parts by weight Waste treatment agent 122 parts by weight
And kneading the blended mixture 16.65 parts by weight of thickening agent 9.15 parts by weight cement reinforcing agent 0.44 parts containing harmful material treatment agent,
The waste treatment agent is 100% by weight in total.
Mixture of hydraulic substance and clay mineral 8% by weight
Mixture of dispersant and emulsifier 80% by weight
12% water
Is kneaded at the above blending ratio,
The mixture of hydraulic material and clay mineral is 100% by weight in total.
Pozzolunk linker mineral as a hydraulic substance 20.0% by weight
Dolomite clinker mineral 20.0% by weight
As clay mineral, halolysite 20.0% by weight
Montmorillonite 20.0% by weight
Kaolin 20.0% by weight
Is pulverized while mixing at the above blending ratio,
Water is added at a ratio of 75 parts by weight to 25 parts by weight of the pulverized hydraulic substance and clay mineral, and this is a mixture of the hydraulic substance and clay mineral.
The mixture of the dispersant and the emulsifier is 100% by weight in total,
As a dispersant, lignin sulfonate 0.3% by weight
Calcium chloride 0.3% by weight
Dodecylsulfonic acid 0.2% by weight
As an emulsifier, 0.7% by weight of methylcellulose
98.5% by weight of water
Are mixed at the above blending ratio,
As a mixture containing the hazardous substance treating agent, the total amount becomes 100% by weight.
Calcium nitrite 7% by weight
Auxiliary agent 19% by weight
Hazardous substance treatment agent 22% by weight
52% by weight of water
Is kneaded at the above blending ratio,
As said auxiliary agent, so that it may become 100 weight% in total,
Antifreezing agent 26% by weight
Dust suppressant 11 wt%
Neutral degradation inhibitor 23% by weight
Benzotriazole-based absorber 13% by weight as UV absorber
Viscosity modifier 27% by weight
Is kneaded at the above blending ratio,
The harmful substance treating agent is 100% by weight in total.
Calcium chloride 7% by weight
Metallothionein 10% by weight
Ferrite 17% by weight
Carboxypetine 6% by weight
Sodium silicate 17% by weight
Zinc sodium 9% by weight
Calcium chloride 17% by weight
Strontium and molybdenum composite 7% by weight
10% by weight ferric oxide or titanium oxide
Kneaded,
The material is poured into a mold to obtain a solidified product,
Solidification method for waste.

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