JP2002239515A - Method and apparatus for rapidly solidifying powder using ultrasonic vibration - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an economical apparatus for rapidly solidifying waste materials such as stone powders, stone pieces, waste soil, or waste plastics by adding cement and a small amount of water. SOLUTION: The method and apparatus for solidification are illustrated by the structure shown in Fig. 1, wherein a tamped material can be solidified within a short time by applying thereto both a pressure, such as one generated by a hydraulic mechanism, that presses the material by forcing a pressing plate into the container and an ultrasonic vibration generated by an ultrasonic generator disposed in series to the mechanism to generate a shock vibration or cavitation at the boundary among particles of stone powder or water. This apparatus can economically solidify a stone powder mixed with a small amount of water within several minutes by applying both a static pressure and an ultrasonic vibration thereto.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to stone powder or pulverized coal generated in a cement factory or a stone factory, incineration ash or volcanic ash from a combustion furnace such as an incineration plant, earth removal and crushed pieces of plastic discharged from a civil engineering work site. And a method and apparatus for solidifying waste materials.

The present invention can also be applied to solidification treatment of wood, concrete, plastic, glass, waste paper, etc., which occur in the dismantling of buildings such as houses and buildings, and the recycling of automobiles and office equipment.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art Various methods have been studied for reusing various industrial waste materials discharged from industry as exterior wall materials and interior materials of buildings, paving stones and tiles of roads, and the like. Wood and plastic waste is pulverized into ultrafine powder and solidified by applying high pressure, but has the disadvantage of high processing costs.

[0004] There is a method in which concrete obtained by adding a large amount of water to cement and aggregate is mixed, mixed, and then put into a predetermined mold and dried and solidified. However, it takes a long time to dry and solidify. There is a problem that rapid processing cannot be performed because it cannot be released from the mold if it is not provided. In addition, since a large amount of water is used for volcanic ash and the like, it is necessary to mix a dehydrating material in terms of strength and the like.

[0005] A method of increasing the crushed stone of the coarse aggregate contained in the concrete, mixing it with a reduced amount of water, and solidifying it with a vibrating roller to promote the solidification of the concrete is also used, but the aggregate must be enlarged. If the water content cannot be reduced, the conditions are limited.

[0006] Manufacturing methods for factory products include vibration compaction, centrifugal compaction, and pressure compaction, which have the effect of increasing the strength by reducing the proportion of water to cement, but require compacting the concrete in a few minutes. Can not.

As a means for solving this problem, a device for applying a static pressing force and an oscillating pressing force to the tamped material in the mold (Japanese Patent Application No. 9-209,197).
191590), but under high pressure, 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm at a frequency of 40 to 60 Hz.
Since it is necessary to provide an amplitude of mm, there is a disadvantage that a hydraulic control system having a large capacity and a large horsepower is required, and the apparatus becomes very expensive.

[0008]

As described above, there are problems that the conventional solidification method cannot rapidly solidify, the strength is considerably reduced, and the price of the apparatus is extremely high. There has been a demand for a rapid solidification production system that can replace these conventional technologies.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for solidifying stone powder and stone pieces, waste materials such as waste soil and plastics, and in particular, a rapid solidification treatment by factory production.
An object of the present invention is to provide a solidification treatment method and apparatus whose treatment cost is economically acceptable.

[00010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present inventor has developed a phenomenon that when a high pressure and a shock wave are applied to a stone powder or a stone piece, the solidification is rapidly solidified with a small amount of water and cement. The present invention has been completed by focusing on the fact that strong inter-particle kinetic energy is generated if it can be used for bonding between metals.

Here, the above technical problems are solved by the present invention as follows. (1) A method and an apparatus for solidifying stone powder, stone pieces, waste materials such as waste soil and plastic, etc., and applying an ultrasonic vibration by an ultrasonic generator while compressing a compacted material at a high pressure to provide an impact. A solidification method characterized in that vibrations and cavitation are generated in stone powder or water as a tamping material and quickly solidified.

(2) A method and an apparatus for solidifying stone powder and stone pieces, waste materials such as waste soil and plastics, and a pressurizing mechanism such as a hydraulic pressure for pressing a pressing plate into a container to press the material. By applying ultrasonic vibration by an ultrasonic generator arranged in series or on the opposite side, and applying vibration energy and pressing force generated from the ultrasonic vibrator and transmitted to the horn to the compacted material, A solidification device characterized by generating impact vibration and cavitation at the boundary surface of water particles.

(3) In the solidifying method according to the first aspect, control for automatically adjusting the frequency of the ultrasonic generator to the resonance point of the horn is added. Also, a solidification method in which the frequency is swept within a certain range to cover the resonance points of a plurality of horns and solidify efficiently and quickly.

(4) In the solidifying device according to the second aspect, an ultrasonic vibration pressurizing device is attached to the tip of a crane such as a crane truck, and the pressing force of the crane and the ultrasonic vibration pressing force are combined and applied to the tamping material. A solidification device characterized in that impact vibration and cavitation are generated at the boundary surface between stone powder and water particles.

That is, the first aspect of the present invention that solves the above-mentioned problem is that, by applying ultrasonic waves by an ultrasonic vibrator in a state where stone powder and stone pieces are compressed at a high pressure, the shapes of building materials, flooring materials, tiles and the like are formed. This is a method for solidifying waste materials and the like, which is characterized by rapidly solidifying.

The second invention is to apply a pressure mechanism such as a hydraulic pressure for pressing a tamping material by pushing a pressure plate into a container and to apply ultrasonic vibration by an ultrasonic generator arranged in series or on the opposite side, This is an inexpensive solidifying device that can apply the vibration energy and the pressing force generated from the ultrasonic vibrator and transmitted to the horn to the compacting material and quickly solidify it into building materials and flooring materials.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the solidification method according to the first aspect, wherein control for automatically adjusting the frequency of the ultrasonic generator to the resonance point of the horn is added. Another method is to cover the resonance points of a plurality of horns by subtracting the frequency within a certain range. Since the ultrasonic vibration is amplified by the mechanical resonance between the cone and the horn, it can be efficiently and quickly solidified.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the solidifying device according to the second aspect, an ultrasonic vibration pressurizing device is attached to the tip of a crane such as a crane truck, and the pressing force of the crane is used.
Since a static pressure generating mechanism composed of a hydraulic cylinder or the like can be substituted by a crane, a more economical solidifying device can be provided.

[00019]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a pressing force and an ultrasonic vibration generator, showing an example of a method and an apparatus for rapidly solidifying stone powder and stone pieces according to the present invention. Ultrasonic oscillator
It consists of an ultrasonic vibrating mechanism consisting of an ultrasonic vibrator, a pressurizing mechanism, a control system, a cone and a horn, a static pressure generating mechanism consisting of a hydraulic source, a hydraulic circuit, a hydraulic cylinder, and a slide, a mold and a base.

In the figure, an ultrasonic signal of several hundred Hz to several tens KHz generated by an ultrasonic oscillator is converted into an ultrasonic vibration by an ultrasonic vibrator such as a piezoelectric element, and this vibration is expanded by resonance of a cone and a horn. Is transmitted. On the other hand, the slide on which the ultrasonic vibrator and the like are fixed by the upper hydraulic cylinder is compressed downward by the hydraulic cylinder, and the static pressure and ultrasonic vibration are simultaneously applied to the solidification target, thereby rapidly solidifying. .

[0002] Stone powder and stone pieces are inserted into a mold after mixing and adding about 5 to 10% of cement and also about 5 to 10% of water. Since ordinary concrete adds about 40% of water to gravel or cement, it can be solidified with much less moisture, and is solidified in a short time.

When a static pressure and ultrasonic vibration are applied to an object to be solidified, an impact is generated at a solid or moisture particle interface, and water particles are miniaturized and welded to the solid particles. Released outside. In addition, air contained in water or the like becomes small bubbles, which burst and cause an impact due to cavitation, and at the same time, the air is released to the outside. For this reason,
It is supposed that solidification is quickly achieved only by adding a small amount of water.

Ultrasonic vibrators, horns, and cones to which ultrasonic vibrations are applied are solid metals or ceramics, and their expansion and contraction generate vibrations. Therefore, even when a high pressure is applied by a hydraulic cylinder, the amplitude is large. Does not change much. In addition, since the minute vibration of the ultrasonic vibrator is magnified by the resonance of the cone, a large vibration can be applied with small energy.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram when an ultrasonic vibration generating mechanism is attached to the tip of a crane of a crane truck. In this case, a static pressure generating mechanism composed of a hydraulic cylinder or the like can be substituted by a crane, so that a more economical solidifying device can be provided.

[00025]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS When ultrasonic vibration is applied in a state shown in FIG. 1 in a state where a high pressure is applied, impact vibration is generated at a particle boundary surface of stone powder and water, and water particles are finely broken, and particles such as stone powder are broken. Adhere to the surface.

[0002] In addition, air contained in water precipitates,
Small bubbles are formed. When this bubble bursts by impact, so-called cavitation is generated.

[0002] Furthermore, local heat generation occurs due to friction between solid particles such as stone powder and the like, and water particles become water vapor and become finer. The release of the contained air is also promoted.

[00028]

According to the present invention, a small amount of water and a small amount of cement, if necessary, can be added to solidify quickly in the treatment of stone powder, stone pieces, waste soil and waste materials such as plastics. It has excellent strength, heat retention, heat resistance, etc., and can be reused for building exterior walls and interior materials, road paving stones and tiles, etc.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram when an ultrasonic vibration pressure device is attached to the tip of a crane truck.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ultrasonic transducer 2 Cone 3 Horn 4 Mold 5 Molding object 6 Base 7 Cylinder 8 Ultrasonic transmitter 9 Control panel 10 Hydraulic circuit 11 Hydraulic source 12 Crane

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A method and apparatus for solidifying stone powder, stone pieces, waste material such as waste soil and plastic, etc., by applying ultrasonic vibration by an ultrasonic generator while compressing a compacted material at high pressure. A solidification method characterized in that impact vibration and cavitation are crushed and generated in a material such as stone powder and water and quickly solidified. 2. A method and an apparatus for solidifying stone powder, stone pieces, waste material such as waste soil and plastic, etc., comprising a pressing mechanism such as a hydraulic pressure for pressing a pressing plate into a container to press the material. By applying ultrasonic vibrations from ultrasonic generators arranged in series or on the opposite side, the vibration energy and pressure applied from the ultrasonic transducer and transmitted to the horn are applied to the tamping material, causing stone powder and water A solidifying device characterized by generating impact vibration and cavitation at the particle boundary surface and rapidly solidifying. 3. The solidifying method according to claim 1, wherein a control for automatically adjusting the frequency of the ultrasonic generator to the resonance point of the horn is added. Also, a solidification method in which the frequency is subtracted within a certain range to cover the resonance points of a plurality of horns, and the solidification is efficiently and quickly performed. 4. The solidifying device according to claim 2, wherein an ultrasonic vibration pressurizing device is attached to the tip of the crane of the crane truck, and the pressing force of the crane and the ultrasonic vibration pressing force are combined and applied to the tamping material, so that the stone powder is compacted. A solidification device that generates impact vibration and cavitation at the particle boundary surface of water and water, and solidifies quickly.