JP6272062B2 - Water purification method, water purification system and water purification unit - Google Patents

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a water purification method, a water purification system, and a water purification unit that can reduce hydrogen sulfide generated in aquatic organism farms in a holding tank or the sea, etc. in water. .

  When aquatic organisms are bred in a holding tank such as an aquarium, harmful ammonia or nitric acid is generated from organic matter derived from the excreta. We perform processing to remove excrement etc. by performing water replacement processing to replace the breeding water in the tank with a new one and sand replacement processing to replace the sand in the holding tank with a new one. However, for example, an external filtration device of the type attached above the holding tank is expensive to install and maintain, and this cost becomes enormous if the size of the holding tank is large.

  In general, as a breeding system that does not use an external filtration device as described above, for example, a Monaco breeding system as described in Patent Document 1 can be given. In this breeding system, after raising the bottom using a plate-like member having water permeability, a sand layer is provided on the plate-like member, and an aerobic environment in which light reaches the upper side of the layer is aerobic. A layer is formed, and a facultative anaerobic layer in which light is not reached and an oxygen-free environment is formed on the lower side. Aerobic bacteria live in the aerobic layer, and facultative anaerobic bacteria live in the facultative anaerobic layer. Since these aerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria have a filtration function by decomposing harmful ammonia, nitrous acid, and nitric acid generated from organic matter, monaco breeding systems generally have the above-mentioned external attachment. The filtration device is unnecessary.

JP 2002-223664 A

  By the way, in such a Monaco breeding system, a dead body of aerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria and substances containing sulfur compounds produced by these bacteria are deposited below the plate member, that is, at the bottom of the holding tank. To go. If this is left as it is, harmful hydrogen sulfide is produced from sulfur compounds by sulfate-reducing bacteria, which is an absolute anaerobic bacterium. If this hydrogen sulfide passes through the aerobic and facultative anaerobic layers, There is a risk of death. In this way, the Monaco breeding system is not capable of detoxifying hydrogen sulfide, and a separate device that supplements the filtration function is provided, or water exchange treatment and sand replacement treatment are performed periodically to cause hydrogen sulfide generation. It is necessary to remove the sulfur compound.

  However, if a separate device that supplements the filtration function is provided, or if water replacement processing or sand replacement processing is performed, it will be expensive and time-consuming, and the water replacement processing and sand replacement processing may cause damage to aquatic organisms. For this reason, there is a demand for a device capable of suppressing the damage caused by hydrogen sulfide without performing installation of a device that supplements the filtration function, water exchange treatment, or sand replacement treatment.

  Hydrogen sulfide is not limited to being contained in aquariums, but can be generated by the decomposition of organic substances in water by bacteria that inhabit aquatic organism farms established in the sea. If this occurs, there is a risk of damage to aquatic organisms.

  The present invention effectively solves such a problem, and while suppressing the deposition of harmful substances derived from organic matter, it can reduce hydrogen sulfide generated by the action of bacteria in water, It is an object of the present invention to provide a water purification method and a water purification system that can eliminate the need for water replacement treatment and sand replacement treatment for a semipermanent or long-term while eliminating the need for a device that supplements the filtration function. To do.

  Further, it is intended to provide a water purification unit capable of easily carrying out the water purification method and the water purification system in a hydrosphere organism farm provided in a holding tank such as a water tank or in the sea. Objective.

  The present invention takes the following means in order to achieve such an object.

  That is, in the water purification method according to the present invention, the lump-like first bacterial habitable portion obtained by preliminarily compacting a soil material capable of inhabiting anaerobic bacteria is placed in the water, and the first A second carrier capable of inhabiting facultative anaerobic bacteria and a particulate carrier adjacent to the second bacteria inhabitable portion. And forming an aerobic bacterium capable of inhabiting a third bacterium and an anaerobic space in an anaerobic environment and communicating with the first bacterium inhabitable part. An aerobic region where organic matter and oxygen are present at a position communicating with the inhabitable portion is positioned, and the aerobic region and the anaerobic space are brought into communication with each other, whereby an absolute anaerobic bacterium is provided in the first bacterial inhabitable portion. And the facultative anaerobic cells in the second bacterial inhabitable part Anaerobic bacteria in the third bacteria-habitable part, organic substances in the aerobic region are decomposed by these bacteria, and absolute anaerobic flowed out from the first bacteria-habitable part The hydrogen sulfide produced by the absolute anaerobic bacteria grown in the first bacteria-inhabitable portion is reduced while moving the bacterial bacteria and the products thereby from the anaerobic space to the aerobic region. And

  Here, the soil material only needs to have the same properties and functions as the soil existing in the natural world such as humus, and may be not only a natural material but also an artificially manufactured material. Good. Those having the same properties and functions as soil can be inhabited by absolute anaerobic bacteria like soil, and when they are in a layered state, organic matter and microorganisms can move inside the layer and Says something that can make the inside of the strata an anaerobic environment. As long as such properties and functions are satisfied, the shape of the soil material itself is not particularly limited, and may be made into a layered state by pressing and solidifying soil or other particulate matter, such as a sponge. It may be one lump that is itself in a layered state. The state where the first bacteria-habitable part and the anaerobic space communicate with each other means that the first bacteria-habitable part contains absolute anaerobic bacteria, their products, water, etc., and they move to the anaerobic space. The state in which the aerobic region and the third bacteria inhabitable part communicate with each other means that the organic substance, oxygen, water, etc. are present in the aerobic area. This refers to the state of movement. The state where the anaerobic space and the aerobic region communicate with each other means that when there are absolute anaerobic bacteria, hydrogen sulfide, water, etc. that can exist in the anaerobic space, they can move to the aerobic region. State. Further, reduction of harm means reducing the harmfulness to aquatic organisms.

  If it is such a method, the aerobic area | region where an organic substance exists will be located in the position connected with a 3rd bacteria inhabitable part, and this aerobic area | region and the said anaerobic space will be made into a communication state, and 1st An anaerobic bacterium grows in an area where the bacteria can live, and an anaerobic layer is formed. A facultative anaerobic bacterium grows in the second area where the bacteria can live, and a facultative anaerobic layer is formed. Aerobic bacteria grow in the habitable part and an aerobic layer is formed. The organic matter in the water reaches the aerobic layer after reaching the aerobic layer, and is decomposed by aerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria that inhabit these layers, respectively. This degradation product then reaches the absolute anaerobic layer and is degraded by the absolute anaerobic bacteria. At this time, the sulfur compounds are decomposed into hydrogen sulfide by sulfate-reducing bacteria that are absolutely anaerobic bacteria and can only live under anaerobic conditions, but the hydrogen sulfide generated in this way is aerobic, aerobic, The damage is reduced in at least one of a facultative anaerobic layer, an absolute anaerobic layer, and an anaerobic space. Specifically, in the process of moving to an aerobic region together with sulfate-reducing bacteria, it reacts with iron components in water to become iron sulfide that is less harmful to aquatic organisms than hydrogen sulfide, or sulfur that inhabits aerobic layers, etc. It is reduced by being converted to other sulfur compounds that are less harmful to hydrosphere than hydrogen sulfide by oxidizing bacteria or photosynthetic bacteria. In addition, sulfate-reducing bacteria that have moved to the aerobic region can inhabit in an aerobic environment by reacting with iron sulfide, and if the amount of organic matter present on the aerobic layer is relatively high, The organic matter is decomposed, and if it is relatively small, it enters a dormant state, so that the amount of organic matter that can be decomposed increases. In this way, it is possible to reduce the hydrogen sulfide generated by decomposing organic substances in the water, so that there is no need to separately provide a device for supplementing the filtration function, and semi-permanent or long-term water exchange treatment or sand It is possible to suppress the accumulation of harmful substances derived from the organic matter without performing a replacement process, such as water held in a holding tank such as an aquarium, aquatic organism farms provided in the sea, etc. Water can be purified. In addition, by using the mass-stabilized first bacteria-infested portion that has been preliminarily compacted, an organic matter decomposition cycle with the above-mentioned reduction in hydrogen sulfide damage can be artificially formed in a desired position in a short period of time. Can do.

  Further, the water purification system according to the present invention includes a holding tank capable of holding water containing organic matter, an aerobic region formed in the holding tank and containing the organic matter and oxygen, and the aerobic region. Communicating, aerobic layer where aerobic bacteria inhabit, and adjacent to this aerobic layer, facultative anaerobic layer where facultative anaerobic bacteria inhabit, and adjacent to this facultative anaerobic layer An anaerobic layer inhabited by anaerobic bacteria and composed of soil materials, an anaerobic environment, an anaerobic space inhabiting the absolute anaerobic bacteria inhabiting the absolute anaerobic layer, and products produced thereby A communication means for communicating the anaerobic space and the aerobic region; and formed in at least one of the aerobic region, the aerobic layer, the facultative anaerobic layer, the absolute anaerobic layer, and the anaerobic space, Sulfidated water produced by absolute anaerobic bacteria It includes those having a low Gaika hydrogen sulfide lower Gaika region. Even in such a water purification system, as in the water purification method according to the present invention, hydrogen sulfide generated by the action of bacteria can be reduced in water, and a device for supplementing the filtration function is not provided separately. Moreover, it is possible to suppress the accumulation of harmful substances derived from the organic matter without performing a water replacement treatment or a sand replacement treatment for a semipermanent or long term. Further, when the water purification system according to the present invention is used for breeding aquatic organisms, it is not necessary to reduce the number of breeding even if the aquatic organism grows, and the number of aquatic organisms that can be reared is larger than before. can do.

  Further, the water purification unit according to the present invention is composed of a soil material, and is surrounded by a massive bacterial habitable portion where absolute anaerobic bacteria can inhabit and an occlusion means which is at least partially constituted by the bacterial habitable portion. A closed opening, a first opening and a second opening are formed, and the first opening has a length capable of extending from the closing space through the closing means. And a cylindrical member disposed at a position away from the bacteria inhabitable portion by a predetermined distance when the second opening is disposed at a position facing the closed space.

  In such a configuration, when the cylindrical member is disposed at a position where the first opening faces the closed space, the second opening is disposed at a position away from the bacteria inhabitable portion by a predetermined distance. Therefore, when a granular carrier or the like is supplied to form an aerobic layer or a facultative anaerobic layer on the surface of the bacteria-habitable portion where the cylindrical member protrudes, the extended end of the cylindrical member Can be easily formed in the aerobic region, the aerobic layer, the facultative anaerobic layer, the absolute anaerobic layer, and the anaerobic space communicating with the aerobic region. it can. In addition, since the bacteria-habitable part is a block and the soil material is preliminarily compacted, the above-mentioned first bacteria-habitable part can be easily formed in water to decompose the organic matter as described above. It is possible to shorten the start-up period necessary for performing the above.

  In order to prevent the soil material from being scattered and the shape of the bacteria-habitable portion from collapsing, or to prevent the soil material from flowing out of the water purification unit immersed in water, at least the tube of the bacteria-habitable portion. It is preferable that the surface on which the slab member does not protrude is covered with an enclosing member that blocks the passage of the soil material.

  When constructing a water purification system using a general transparent water tank, in order to prevent light from entering the enclosed space without using other members, the surrounding member has a light shielding property. It is preferable to have a configuration.

  In order to prevent the soil material from entering the enclosed space, a mesh member having water permeability and blocking the passage of the soil material is provided between the bacteria-inhabitable portion and the enclosed space. It is preferable.

  In order to make it possible to use a plurality of water purification units stacked on top of each other, or to make it easier to install on uneven surfaces such as the seabed, it is possible to secure a predetermined gap with the installation surface. It is preferable that the support leg is provided.

  Moreover, as a water purification unit according to another configuration, a massive bacterial habitable portion that is made of a soil material and can inhabit absolute anaerobic bacteria, and a first opening and a second opening are formed. And has a length that can extend from one side of the bacteria-habitable portion to the other side, and the first opening is disposed at a position facing one side of the bacteria-habitable portion, What has 2 opening part has the cylindrical member arrange | positioned in the position away from the said bacteria inhabitable part by the predetermined distance in the other side of the said bacteria inhabitable part.

  Since it is such a structure, an aerobic layer and a facultative anaerobic layer are formed on the surface on the side where the other end of the cylindrical member is arranged in the bacteria inhabitable portion while being immersed in water containing organic matter. By supplying a granular carrier or the like as much as possible, the closed space can be formed on one side of the bacteria inhabitable portion using the closed space forming means. Further, when the cylindrical member is arranged at a position where the first opening faces the one side of the bacteria-habitable portion, the second opening is arranged at a position away from the bacteria-habitable portion by a predetermined distance. Therefore, the other end of the cylindrical member is not blocked by the granular carrier or the like, and the aerobic region, the aerobic layer, the facultative anaerobic layer, the absolute anaerobic layer, and the aerobic region as described above An anaerobic space that communicates can be easily formed. In addition, since the bacteria-habitable part is a lump and the soil material is preliminarily compacted, the above-mentioned first bacteria-habitable part is easily formed in water, and the organic matter decomposition cycle as described above is performed. It is possible to shorten the start-up period necessary to make it happen.

  Furthermore, as a water purification unit according to another configuration, it is composed of a soil material and has a massive bacterial habitable part that can inhabit absolute anaerobic bacteria, and penetrates from this side to the other side. The thing in which the penetration part which forms is formed is mentioned. Because of such a configuration, for example, when the first opening and the second opening are formed in the penetrating portion, and the first opening is arranged on one side of the bacteria inhabitable portion, the second opening Insert the tubular member whose opening is located at a predetermined distance away from the bacteria inhabitable portion on the other side of the bacteria inhabitable portion, or connect the tubular member to the penetrating portion of the bacteria inhabitable portion By arrange | positioning on the surface, it can be set as the structure substantially the same as the water purification unit mentioned above, and it becomes possible to exhibit the same effect.

  In order to realize the water purification method using the water purification unit as described above, it may be necessary to supply a granular carrier to form a facultative anaerobic layer and an aerobic layer, In order to obtain a water purification unit that eliminates this hassle, when the bacteria capable of inhabiting the absolute anaerobic bacteria is designated as the first bacteria infectious part, A second bacterial inhabitable part capable of inhabiting facultative anaerobic bacteria and a third bacterial inhabitable part capable of inhabiting aerobic bacteria adjacent to the second bacterial inhabitable part, respectively. In order to form it, it is preferable to further comprise a granular carrier that can inhabit aerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria.

  Further, in order to reduce the weight of the water purification unit, it is preferable that the bacteria-habitable portion is in a dry state.

  According to the present invention described above, the accumulation of harmful substances derived from organic substances can be suppressed, and hydrogen sulfide generated from organic substances can be reduced by converting bacteria into less harmful substances by the action of bacteria. A water purification method, a water purification system, and a water purification unit that are useful for eliminating the need for water replacement treatment or sand replacement treatment for a semi-permanent or long-term while eliminating the need for a device that supplements the filtration function. It is possible to provide.

Sectional drawing which shows the purification unit of the water which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows the water purification system which concerns on 1st Embodiment comprised using the purification unit. The schematic diagram which shows the circulation of the organic substance in the purification system. Process drawing for demonstrating the starting method of the purification system. Sectional drawing which shows the purification unit of the water which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows the water purification system which concerns on 2nd Embodiment comprised using the purification unit. Sectional drawing which shows the purification system of the water which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows the purification system of the water which concerns on the 4th Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows the modification of the water purification unit which concerns on 1st Embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows the other modification of the purification | cleaning unit. Sectional drawing which shows the other modification of the purification | cleaning unit. Sectional drawing which shows the other modification of the purification | cleaning unit. Sectional drawing which shows the other modification of the purification | cleaning unit. Sectional drawing which shows the other modification of the purification | cleaning unit. Sectional drawing which shows the modification of the purification unit of the water which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows the other modification of the purification | cleaning unit. Sectional drawing which shows the modification of the water purification system which concerns on 1st Embodiment. Typical sectional drawing which shows the other modification of the purification system.

<First Embodiment>
A first embodiment according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the water purification unit 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is used as a breeding unit for aquatic organisms, and is a massive bacterial habitable part where absolute anaerobic bacteria can live. 140, a closed space 130 at least partially surrounded by the bacteria inhabitable portion 140, and a pipe 8 extending from the closed space 130.

  The bacteria inhabitable portion 140 is in a dry state formed by pressing and solidifying the black soil 40 as a soil material having a aggregate structure into a substantially rectangular shape in plan view. The dry state includes not only a state where no moisture is contained but also a state where some moisture is contained. In the present embodiment, the closed space 130 is surrounded by the hollow member 30 on both sides (sides) in the first direction X (horizontal direction in the present embodiment), and in the second direction orthogonal to the first direction X by the surrounding member 131. One side of Y (vertical direction in the present embodiment) (lower side in the present embodiment) and the other side in the second direction Y (upper side in the present embodiment) are surrounded by the bacteria habitable portion 140. The hollow member 30 has a cylindrical shape in which both ends in the second direction Y are open, and are provided with two spaced apart from each other. The surface is covered with a mesh member 32 on the upper opening 30a. The plate-like member 31 is placed. And the circumference | surroundings except the one side of the 2nd direction Y of such a hollow member 30 are covered with the black soil 40 which comprises the bacteria inhabitable part 140. FIG. The mesh-like member 32 has water permeability while blocking the passage of the black soil 40, and suppresses the black soil 40 of the bacteria inhabitable portion 140 from entering the closed space 130 from above. As the mesh member 32, a mesh-like cloth or a fibrous sheet having such a function can be used. The surrounding member 131 has a light shielding property and has a sheet shape or a plate shape that blocks the passage of the black soil 40 and oxygen, and the both sides 140b and the second direction Y in the first direction X of the bacteria inhabitable portion 140. 1 side 140c and the one side of the hollow member 30 in the second direction Y are covered. The surrounding member 131, the hollow member 30, and the bacteria inhabitable portion 140 constitute a closing means 132 that surrounds the closed space 130. Note that the hollow member 30 is not limited to a cylindrical one, and for example, a box-shaped member in which only the other side in the second direction Y is opened may be used. In this case, the hollow member 30 and bacteria can live. The unit 140 constitutes the closing means 132. Further, the number of closed spaces 130 is not limited to two and may be one or three or more.

  A pipe 8 as a tubular member (communication means) is formed with a first opening 8ab and a second opening 8ba that are separated from each other by a second distance L2 in the extending direction. Openings 8ab and 8ba are formed in the opening. The openings 8ab and 8ba are not particularly limited as long as the openings 8ab and 8ba are formed at positions where the anaerobic space 3 and the aerobic region 90 can be communicated with each other in the water purification system 1 described later. Alternatively, it may be formed at the center in the extending direction. The pipe 8 extends in the first direction X from the closed space 130 in which the one end 8a is disposed, extends in the first direction X, bends at right angles in the bacteria inhabitable portion 140, and the other end 8b as an extension end. Protrudes from the surface 140a on the other side in the second direction Y of the bacteria inhabitable portion 140. And while the 1st opening part 8ab is arrange | positioned in the position which faces the obstruction | occlusion space 130, the 2nd opening part ba is arrange | positioned in the position away from the bacteria inhabitable part 140 1st distance L1. The material of the pipe 8 is not particularly limited. For example, a material made of vinyl chloride, ceramics, iron, glass, or rubber can be used, and a material having a diameter suitable for the capacity of the holding tank 2 to be described later. It is preferable to use it. In the present embodiment, one pipe 8 extends from each closed space 130, but a plurality of pipes 8 may be provided in each closed space 130.

When the water purification system 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention is configured using such a water purification unit 100, a transparent glass or acrylic holding tank as shown in FIG. After the water purification unit 100 is placed on the inner bottom surface 2c of the (water tank) 2, sand 50 (or gravel) and dredged sand 70 as granular carriers are sequentially supplied to the surface. At this time, the sand 50 and the dredged sand 70 are deposited only up to a position lower than the other end 8 b of the pipe 8, and the other end 8 b of the pipe 8 is projected from the dredged layer 7 constituted by the dredged sand 70. The cinnabar 70 contains calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃ ) as a component thereof, and as shown in FIG. 3, the calcium carbonate is eluted into the breeding water 9 so that the breeding water 9 is adjusted to be alkaline. In addition, instead of or together with cinnabar 70, a water quality adjusting agent containing calcium carbonate, eggshell, and those having a function of eluting calcium carbonate components in breeding water 9 as well as these are used. May be. Furthermore, in order to increase the amount of hydrogen sulfide to be reduced in the hydrogen sulfide reduction zone 143 to be described later, a water purification unit 100 including a bacteria habitable portion 140 to which an iron component such as iron powder is added, or an iron component You may use the sand 50 etc. which mixed. Thereafter, the breeding water 9 is filled in the holding tank 2, the water purification unit 100, the sand 50 and the cinnabar sand 70 are immersed in the breeding water 9, and the closed space 130 is also filled with the breeding water 9. As a result, the lump-shaped first bacteria-habitable portion 140 in which the black soil 40 is preliminarily compacted is placed in the breeding water 9, and the sand 50 adjacent to the first bacteria-habitable portion 140 is placed. The lower part of the layer becomes the second bacterial inhabitable part 141 in which facultative anaerobic can inhabit, and the upper part becomes the third bacterial inhabitable part 142 in which aerobic bacteria can inhabit. In this embodiment, sand 50 is used as a granular carrier. However, as long as aerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria can inhabit, artificial materials such as plastic, wood chips, gravel, etc. may be used. Good. Further, the timing of filling the breeding water 9 into the holding tank 2 is not limited to after the dredged sand 70 is supplied, and the sand 50 or the dredged water is placed before the water purification unit 100 is placed or after the water purification unit 100 is placed. It may be before the sand 70 is supplied.

  Thereafter, aquatic organisms (aquatic organisms) are bred in an aerobic region 90 existing on the other side in the second direction Y of the cinnabar 70 so that the breeding water 9 contains a certain amount of organic matter derived from aquatic organisms. By maintaining such a state for a certain period of time, the third bacterial inhabitable portion 142 is an aerobic environment in which light reaches from above and from the side and oxygen dissolved in the breeding water 9 enters. Becomes the aerobic layer 6 and a plurality of types of aerobic bacteria that can grow under aerobic conditions grow. In addition, examples of the organic matter derived from aquatic organisms include excrement and carcasses of aquatic organisms. Examples of aerobic bacteria include sulfur-oxidizing bacteria such as photosynthetic sulfur bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, and nitrifying bacteria. Moreover, since the oxygen in the breeding water 9 is consumed by the aerobic bacteria inhabiting the aerobic layer 6 and the amount of oxygen decreases as it goes downward in the layer of the sand 50, the second bacterial inhabitable part 141 A facultative anaerobic layer 5 is generated in an anaerobic environment with little or no oxygen. The facultative anaerobic layer 5 is blocked by the aerobic layer 6 and hardly receives light, and a plurality of types of facultative anaerobic bacteria that can grow under both aerobic and anoxic conditions grow. Examples of facultative anaerobic bacteria include sulfur-oxidizing bacteria such as colorless sulfur bacteria and nitrate-reducing bacteria.

  In addition, the first bacteria-habitable portion 140 has the second bacteria-habitable portion 141 and the third bacteria-habitable portion 142 above, and the black soil 40 blocks light from the side and below. Therefore, an anaerobic layer 4 is generated in an anaerobic environment where light does not reach and oxygen is not present, and a plurality of types of absolute anaerobic bacteria that can grow under anaerobic conditions grow. Examples of the absolute anaerobic bacteria include a plurality of types of sulfate-reducing bacteria B (see FIG. 3) that can live not only in the absolute anaerobic layer 4 but also in the facultative anaerobic layer 5 and have different functions. These sulfate-reducing bacteria B are bacteria that are most active in a weakly alkaline environment. It should be noted that the absolute anaerobic layer 4 has a relatively small number of absolute anaerobic bacteria in the surface portion in contact with the holding tank 2 (the portion that blocks light transmitted through the breeding water holding tank 2). Yes. Here, the first bacteria-habitable portion 140 is composed of the black soil 40, and the sulfate-reducing bacteria B originally inhabit the black soil 40. Therefore, the first bacteria can inhabit in a relatively short period of time. The absolute anaerobic layer 4 can be formed by allowing the sulfate-reducing bacteria B to grow on the possible portion 140. The closed space 130 becomes an anaerobic space 3 in an anaerobic environment where light does not reach and oxygen does not exist, and the pipe 8 as a cylindrical member (communication means) directly communicates the anaerobic space 3 and the aerobic region 90. To be As described above, the aerobic bacteria, facultative anaerobic bacteria, and absolute anaerobic bacteria are sequentially grown to cause a chain circulation of the microorganisms, and in this embodiment, the water purification system 1 used as a breeding system for aquatic organisms is formed. The In addition, it is preferable to provide a water tank air pump (not shown) on the holding tank 2 so as to supply oxygen into the breeding water 9.

In such a water purification system 1, the aerobic region 90 in which organic matter and oxygen derived from aquatic organisms are present is in a position communicating with the third bacterial inhabitable portion 142 via the cocoon layer 7, and the breeding water 9 When organic matter derived from the aquatic organisms contained in the water passes through the cocoon layer 7 and settles on the surface of the aerobic layer 6, it is decomposed by aerobic bacteria in the aerobic layer 6, and then below the aerobic layer 6. It is decomposed by facultative anaerobic bacteria in facultative anaerobic layer 5. As described above, a plurality of types of aerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria are inhabited in these layers 5 and 6, and among these, for example, nitrifying bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria which are aerobic bacteria. As shown in FIG. 3, nitrate-reducing bacteria decompose harmful ammonia (NH ₃ ) into harmless nitrogen (N ₂ ) via nitrite ions (NO ₂ ⁻ ) and nitrate ions (NO ₃ ⁻ ). This is a reaction called heterotrophic denitrification or simply denitrification. In the facultative anaerobic layer 5, some sulfate-reducing bacteria B that have migrated from the absolute anaerobic layer 4 take in nitrate ions generated during heterotrophic denitrification, and the sulfate-reducing bacteria B become elemental sulfur (SO ) And hydrogen ions (H ⁺ ). This is called inorganic vegetative denitrification or sulfur denitrification. In addition, when the breeding water 9 becomes neutral or acidic due to this hydrogen ion, there is a possibility that the function of the sulfate-reducing bacteria B may be reduced or damage to aquatic organisms that prefer a weak alkaline environment. The ions are neutralized by calcium carbonate eluted from the cinnabar 70. At the initial stage when the use of the water purification system 1 is started, ammonia is mainly decomposed into nitrogen by heterotrophic denitrification. However, the inorganic nutritional denitrification gradually becomes dominant, and the water purification system 1 After several years of use, ammonia will be decomposed mainly by inorganic vegetative denitrification. Furthermore, decomposition of phosphoric acid and the like which has been removed by a conventionally known filtration device, water exchange treatment or sand replacement treatment is also performed by another type of aerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria.

The degradation products by these aerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria penetrate into the absolute anaerobic layer 4 by the action of the negatively charged colloidal particles contained in the black soil 40, and the absolute anaerobic bacteria in the absolute anaerobic layer 4 It is decomposed by. As described above, the absolute anaerobic layer 4 is inhabited by a plurality of types of absolute anaerobic bacteria. Among them, some sulfate-reducing bacteria B (see FIG. 3), as shown in FIG. Hydrogen sulfide (H ₂ S) is generated from a sulfur compound containing SO ₄ ²⁻ ). The absolute anaerobic layer 4 communicates with the anaerobic space 3 via the mesh member 32 and the plate-like member 31, and a part of the hydrogen sulfide and sulfate-reducing bacteria B generated in this way are the mesh member 32 and the plate. It moves from the absolute anaerobic layer 4 to the anaerobic space 3 through the member 31. In the absolute anaerobic layer 4, a part of hydrogen sulfide reacts with iron oxide (FeO) to become iron sulfide (FeS) and is reduced in harm. Such a reaction also occurs in the anaerobic space 3 and the aerobic region 90. In the anaerobic space 3, elemental sulfur generated by inorganic vegetative denitrification reacts with iron sulfide to become iron disulfide (FeS ₂ ) as shown in FIG. Iron disulfide is solidified little by little, and in anaerobic space 3, what contains iron disulfide as a component called pyrite or pyrite accumulates over several decades. Such a reaction also occurs in the absolute anaerobic layer 4. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, colorless sulfur bacteria produce sulfuric acid (H ₂ SO ₄ ) from hydrogen sulfide in the facultative anaerobic layer 5, which also reduces hydrogen sulfide. Such a reaction also occurs in the absolute anaerobic layer 4. Further, the black clay 40 originally contains an iron component, and hydrogen sulfide reacts with the iron component to become iron sulfide. Further, when the facultative anaerobic layer 5 or the aerobic layer 6 contains an iron component or other metal component, harmful substances such as hydrogen sulfide may be adsorbed or reduced by these. .

Here, some of the sulfate-reducing bacteria B and hydrogen sulfide that have moved from the absolute anaerobic layer 4 to the anaerobic space 3 pass through the inside of the pipe 8 by a slight water flow caused by organic matter or the like penetrating into the lower layers 4 to 6. As a result, the hydrogen sulfide reacts with the iron oxide existing in the aerobic region 90 to become iron sulfide. Although hydrogen sulfide is a harmful substance, it is discharged little by little from the pipe 8, and it reacts quickly with iron oxide to form iron sulfide with low toxicity, so that it damages aquatic organisms in the aerobic region 90. Never give. The sulfate-reducing bacteria B that have moved to the aerobic region 90 are precipitated on the surface of the soot layer 7 and the aerobic layer 6 after being combined with iron sulfide as shown in FIG. As mentioned above, sulfate-reducing bacteria B is an absolute anaerobic bacterium and cannot live under aerobic conditions, but iron sulfide reacts very well with oxygen, so sulfate reduction with iron sulfide attached to the surface. Bacteria B are not affected by oxygen and change to those that can live under aerobic conditions. Such sulfate-reducing bacteria B are activated when there are many organic substances to be decomposed in the vicinity, and decompose organic substances, and when there are few organic substances, they become dormant. The dormant sulfate-reducing bacteria B resumes its activity when the amount of organic matter increases. Note that not all hydrogen sulfide moved to the aerobic region 90 reacts with iron sulfide, and some hydrogen sulfide reacts with oxygen (O ₂ ) in the aerobic layer 6 as shown in FIG. Thus, it dissolves in the breeding water 9 and becomes sulfate ions, or reaches the aerobic layer 6 and the facultative anaerobic layer 5 with hydrogen sulfide. In addition, not all iron sulfides present in the aerobic region 90 are combined with the sulfate-reducing bacteria B, and some iron sulfides may be changed to sulfate ions or iron disulfide depending on the action of each bacterium. Further, the photosynthetic bacteria produce other sulfur compounds that are less harmful than hydrogen sulfide in the aerobic region 90, the soot layer 7, and the aerobic layer 6, thereby reducing hydrogen sulfide. In this way, in the water purification system 1, the organic matter is subjected to three stages of biological filtration by the action of each bacterium in the aerobic layer 6, the facultative anaerobic layer 5, and the absolute anaerobic layer 4, thereby reducing the harm and holding tank. 2 circulates in the aerobic region 90, and aerobic region 90, soot layer 7, aerobic layer 6, facultative anaerobic layer 5, absolute anaerobic layer 4, and anaerobic space 3 are less harmful to hydrogen sulfide by the action of bacteria, etc. The hydrogen sulfide harm-reducing region 143 (see FIG. 2) that can be formed is artificially formed in a short period of time. The purification action of the breeding water 9 containing such organic substances derived from aquatic organisms is substantially the same as the purification action in nature (for example, the sea floor).

  In addition, depending on the thickness of each layer 4-6, the amount of dissolved oxygen, etc., an anaerobic layer may be further formed above the absolute anaerobic layer 4, and four-stage biological filtration may be performed. In addition, even if the configuration is the same, the type of bacteria that grow in each layer may differ depending on the water purification system 1, and among the mechanisms for reducing hydrogen sulfide damage described above depending on the type of bacteria that have propagated, etc. At least one of them may not be performed, or hydrogen sulfide may be reduced by a mechanism other than the above.

  By the way, the water purification system 1 of this embodiment can be configured without using the water purification unit 100. Specifically, instead of the water purification unit 100, the hollow member 30 to which the pipe 8, the plate-like member 31 and the mesh-like member 32 are attached is installed on the inner bottom surface 2c of the holding tank 2, and the black member is drawn from above. The soil 40, sand 50, and dredged sand 70 are sequentially supplied, and the holding tank 2 is filled with breeding water 9 to obtain a state as shown in FIG. At this time, as the sand 50, it is preferable to use, for example, the one collected from the sea bottom where aerobic bacteria or facultative anaerobic bacteria originally inhabited. In this case, these bacteria are likely to settle on the aerobic layer 6 and the facultative anaerobic layer 5, and the time required for start-up can be shortened.

  In order to start up the water purification system 1 in such a state, first, as shown in FIG. 4, the gas supply means 80 as shown in FIG. 2 is attached to the pipe 8 (step S1). This attachment position is preferably as low as possible in the range above the absolute anaerobic layer 4. In addition, the gas supply means 80 may be attached when the sand 50 is deposited on the surface of the black clay 40 serving as the absolute anaerobic layer 4. In addition, aquatic organisms are released to the aerobic region 90 in the holding tank 2 and light is applied to the holding tank 2 from at least above. In addition, the process which releases an aquatic organism or shines light is performed between suitable processes, for example, may be performed before process S1. At this stage, the number of aquatic organisms released into the holding tank 2 is set to be smaller than the number that can be raised in the water purification system 1 after startup. Further, the holding tank 2 may be irradiated with light from above by a light source such as a fluorescent lamp (not shown), or the holding tank 2 may be irradiated with light by placing it in a place where sunlight enters. Furthermore, instead of releasing aquatic organisms, organism-derived organic matter may be supplied into the holding tank 2.

  Next, supply of air from the gas supply means 80 to the pipe 8 is started (step S2). As a result, the breeding water 9 inside the pipe 8 is gradually pushed upward by the air, a water flow from the anaerobic space 3 toward the aerobic region 90 is generated inside the pipe 8, and the air is discharged from the pipe 8 as small bubbles. As a result, a water flow from the aerobic region 90 toward the absolute anaerobic layer 4 is generated outside the pipe 8. The gas supplied from the gas supply means 80 is not limited to air unless it is harmful.

  By maintaining this state and observing the size of the bubbles discharged from the pipe 8 over a predetermined period (for example, about 3 months to half a year), the bubbles discharged from the pipe 8 become larger, and bubbles of a predetermined size Is visually determined (step S3). In the above period, the sand 50 constituting the aerobic layer 6 and the facultative anaerobic layer 5 and the black soil 40 constituting the absolute anaerobic layer 4 are pressed and solidified in the absolute anaerobic layer 4 by the downward water flow. Breeding water 9 becomes difficult to penetrate. As a result, the oxygen amount and the amount of incident light decrease from the aerobic layer 6 toward the lower side, the aerobic bacteria in the aerobic layer 6, the facultative anaerobic bacteria in the facultative anaerobic layer 5, and the absolute anaerobic layer. In 4, each anaerobic bacterium grows. Further, the breeding water 9 flowing inside the pipe 8 is reduced, the air supplied from the gas supply means 80 is less likely to rise, clogs in the middle, and is discharged from the pipe 8 as large bubbles. For this reason, if bubbles of a predetermined size are not discharged from the pipe 8 (step S3: NO), it is determined that the black clay 40 has not been sufficiently compacted and the above state is maintained, and several months have passed. Then, when bubbles of a predetermined size are discharged from the pipe 8 (step S3: YES), it is determined that the black clay 40 is sufficiently pressed and solidified, and the air to the pipe 8 is determined. Is stopped (step S4). At this point, bacteria optimal for the environment of each layer 4-6 have settled in each layer 4-6, and the startup of the water purification system 1 is completed by removing the gas supply means 80 from the pipe 8 (step S5). To do. Such startup processing is preferably performed over several months.

  In addition, by using a pump instead of using the gas supply means 80 and sucking the breeding water 9 from the other end 8b (see FIG. 2) of the pipe 8, the water flow from the anaerobic space 3 to the aerobic region 90 is generated inside the pipe 8. It may be generated. Even when such a start-up process is not performed, the sand 50 and the black soil 40 are gradually consolidated by using the water purification system 1 with the number of aquatic organisms limited. Thus, since each of the bacteria grows and settles in each of the layers 4 to 6, the above startup process is not essential.

  As described above, the water purification method according to the first embodiment of the present invention is used as a method for breeding aquatic organisms, and pushes the black soil 40 as a soil material capable of inhabiting anaerobic bacteria in advance. The hardened lump-like first bacteria-habitable portion 140 is set in the breeding water 9 and has sand 50 as a granular carrier adjacent to the first bacteria-habitable portion 140. A second bacterial inhabitable portion 141 capable of inhabiting anaerobic bacteria, and a third bacterial inhabitable portion capable of inhabiting aerobic bacteria having sand 50 adjacent to the second bacterial inhabitable portion 141 142 and an anaerobic space 3 which is an anaerobic environment and communicates with the first bacteria-habitable portion 140 is formed in the breeding water 9, and is further in a hydrosphere at a position where it communicates with the third bacteria-habitable portion 142. Aerobic region 90 where biological organic matter and oxygen are present Positioning the aerobic region 90 and the anaerobic space 3 to communicate with each other, thereby causing the anaerobic bacteria to grow in the first bacterial habitable portion 140 and facultative anaerobic to the second bacterial habitable portion 141. An anaerobic bacterium that proliferates bacteria, causes aerobic bacteria to grow in the third bacteria-habitable portion 142, decomposes organic substances by these bacteria, and flows out of the first bacteria-habitable portion 140, and the same The hydrogen sulfide produced by the absolute anaerobic bacteria grown in the first bacteria inhabitable portion 140 is reduced while the product obtained by the above is moved from the anaerobic space 3 to the aerobic region 90.

  With such a water purification method, the aerobic region 90 in which organic substances derived from aquatic organisms are present is positioned at a position communicating with the third bacteria-habitable portion 142, and the aerobic region 90 and the anaerobic space 3 , The absolute anaerobic bacteria grow in the first bacterial habitable portion 140 to form the absolute anaerobic layer 4, and the facultative anaerobic bacteria grow in the second bacterial habitable portion 141. Thus, the facultative anaerobic layer 5 is formed, and the aerobic bacteria are grown in the third bacteria inhabitable portion 142 to form the aerobic layer 6. And the organic matter in the breeding water 9 reaches the facultative anaerobic layer 5 after reaching the aerobic layer 6, and is decomposed by the aerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria that inhabit these layers, respectively. This decomposition product then reaches the absolute anaerobic layer 4 and is decomposed by the absolute anaerobic bacteria. At this time, hydrogen sulfide is generated from the sulfur compound by the sulfate-reducing bacteria B, which is an absolute anaerobic bacterium, and the hydrogen sulfide thus generated is generated in the aerobic region 90, the aerobic layer 6, the facultative anaerobic layer 5, The damage is reduced in the hydrogen sulfide reduced damage region 143 formed in at least one of the absolute anaerobic layer 4 and the anaerobic space 3. Specifically, in the process of moving to the aerobic region 90 together with the sulfate-reducing bacteria B, it reacts with iron components in the breeding water 9 to become iron sulfide (FeS) that is less harmful to aquatic organisms than hydrogen sulfide, The sulfur sulfide bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, and the like that live in the hydrogen sulfide low-damage region 143 are converted to other sulfur compounds that are less harmful to aquatic organisms than hydrogen sulfide to reduce the damage. In addition, the sulfate-reducing bacteria B that have moved to the aerobic region 90 can inhabit in an aerobic environment by reacting with iron sulfide, reach the surface of the aerobic layer 6 and the amount of organic matter present therein is relatively high. If the amount is large, the organic matter is decomposed. If the amount is relatively small, the organic substance is in a dormant state. In this way, the organic matter in the breeding water 9 derived from aquatic organisms can be decomposed, and the hydrogen sulfide generated thereby can be reduced. Therefore, a separate device for supplementing the filtration function is not provided, and it is semi-permanent to long-term. Thus, it is possible to suppress the accumulation of harmful substances in the holding tank 2 without performing the water replacement process or the sand replacement process, and the breeding water 9 held in the holding tank 2 can be purified. In addition, by using the first bacteria-infested portion 140 that has been compacted in advance, an organic matter decomposition cycle accompanied by hydrogen sulfide reduction as described above is artificially formed at a desired position in a short period of time. be able to.

  By the way, in the conventional breeding method such as the Monaco method described above, the number of aquatic organisms that can be reared is limited, and even if the number is less than the allowable number that can be reared, the amount of excreta and the like increases as the aquatic organisms grow. The purification capacity may not be able to catch up, and if the breeding is continued in a state where the purification capacity cannot catch up, all the aquatic organisms in the breeding tank will be killed, so the number of aquatic organisms may have to be reduced on the way . On the other hand, the water purification method according to the present invention has a large amount of decomposable organic matter as described above, so that it is not necessary to reduce the number of breeding even if the aquatic organism grows. The number of can be increased more than before.

  Moreover, the water purification system 1 according to the present invention includes a holding tank 2 capable of holding breeding water 9 containing organic substances derived from aquatic organisms, and an aerobic region formed in the holding tank 2 and containing organic matter and oxygen. 90, an aerobic layer 6 communicating with the aerobic region 90 and inhabiting aerobic bacteria, and a facultative anaerobic layer 5 provided adjacent to the aerobic layer 6 and inhabiting facultative anaerobic bacteria. The anaerobic layer 4 is provided adjacent to the facultative anaerobic layer 5 and inhabited by the absolute anaerobic bacteria 4 and is composed of the black soil 40. An anaerobic space 3 into which an anaerobic bacterium and a product thereby can flow, a pipe 8 as a communication means for communicating the anaerobic space 3 and the aerobic region 90, an aerobic region 90, an aerobic layer 6, Sexual anaerobic layer 5, absolute anaerobic layer 4 and / or anaerobic space 3 It is formed, and a strictly anaerobic bacteria hydrogen sulphide low Gaika region 143 hydrogen sulfide produced is low Gaika by. Even in such a water purification system 1, as in the water purification method according to the present invention, a water replacement process and a sand replacement process are performed for a semipermanent or long term without separately providing a device for supplementing the filtration function. Even if it is not, it is possible to suppress the accumulation of harmful substances derived from the organic matter in the holding tank 2, and it is not necessary to reduce the breeding number even if the aquatic organism grows. The number can be increased more than before.

  Further, in realizing such a water purification method and water purification system 1, a massive bacterial habitable portion 140 made of black soil 40 and capable of inhabiting anaerobic bacteria, and this bacterial habitable portion 140. A closed space 130 surrounded by at least a part of the closed means 132, a first opening 8ab and a second opening 8ba are formed and penetrates the closed means 132 from the closed space 130. When the first opening 8ab has a length that can be extended and is disposed at a position facing the closed space 130, the second opening 8ba is separated from the bacteria-habitable portion 140 by the first distance L1. A water purification unit 100 having a pipe 8 as a cylindrical member disposed on the surface is used.

  With such a configuration, when the pipe 8 is arranged at a position where the first opening 8ab faces the closed space 130, the second opening 8ba is at a position away from the bacteria inhabitable portion 140 by the first distance L1. Therefore, sand 50 or the like is supplied to form the aerobic layer 6 or the facultative anaerobic layer 5 on the surface 140a on the other side in the second direction Y in which the pipe 8 protrudes in the bacteria inhabitable portion 140 In this case, the second opening 8ba is not blocked by the sand 50 or the like, and the anaerobic region 90, the aerobic layer 6, the facultative anaerobic layer 5, the absolute anaerobic layer 4, and the anaerobic region 90 are communicated. The space 3 can be easily formed. Moreover, by immersing such a water purification unit 100 in the breeding water 9 containing an organic substance derived from aquatic organisms, the closed space 130 becomes the anaerobic space 3 which is an anaerobic environment, and the first opening portion. An absolute anaerobic bacterium and a product thereby are configured to be movable from 8ab toward the second opening 8ba. Therefore, by using the water purification unit 100, the lump-like first bacteria habitable portion 140 obtained by pressing and solidifying the black soil 40 can be easily formed in the breeding water 9, as shown in FIG. It is possible to shorten the start-up period in order to sufficiently decompose organic substances.

  Moreover, the surrounding member 131 which blocks | prevents passage of a soil material is used for the both surfaces 140b in the 1st direction X as a surface where the pipe 8 does not protrude among the bacteria inhabitable parts 140, and the one surface 140c in the 2nd direction Y. Since it coat | covers, it can suppress that a soil material spreads and the shape of the bacteria inhabitable part 140 collapses, or a soil material flows out from the purification unit 100 of the water immersed in the breeding water 9. FIG.

  Further, since the surrounding member 131 is configured to have a light shielding property, the transparent holding tank 2 that is generally used is used when the water purification system 1 is configured using the water purification unit 100. In this case, it is possible to prevent light from entering the closed space 130 without trouble.

  Further, the water purification unit 100 is provided with a mesh member 32 having water permeability and blocking the passage of the black soil 40 between the first bacteria-habitable portion 140 and the closed space 130. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the black soil 40 from entering the closed space 130 (anaerobic space 3).

  Furthermore, since the bacteria inhabitable portion 140 is in a dry state in the water purification unit 100, the weight can be reduced and the carrying can be facilitated.

<Second Embodiment>
Next, a second embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The water purification unit 200 according to this embodiment is different from the water purification unit 100 according to the first embodiment in the structure for forming the closed space 201, and is otherwise the same as the water purification unit 100. It is a configuration. In addition, the thing with the same shape, material, etc. attaches the same code | symbol, and abbreviate | omits description. In the present embodiment, in the substantially rectangular plate-shaped member 204 in which the entire surface on the other side (upper in the present embodiment) in the second direction Y (vertical direction in the present embodiment) is covered with the mesh member 203, A plurality of columnar support means 205 are attached to one side in the second direction Y (downward in this embodiment). Further, both surfaces 202a in the first direction X (horizontal direction in the present embodiment) of the bacteria inhabitable portion 202 formed adjacent to the other side in the second direction Y of the mesh member 203, and the first direction of the mesh member 203. The surrounding member 131 is provided so as to be in contact with both end surfaces 203a of X, both end surfaces 204a of the plate-like member 204 in the first direction X, and one side 205a of the support means 205 in the second direction Y, 202 and the surrounding member 131 are the closing means 132, and the space surrounded by the bacteria inhabitable portion 202 and the surrounding member 131 is the closing space 201. In addition, a straight pipe 206 in a side view extending from the closed space 201 through the plate-like member 204, the mesh-like member 203, and the bacteria inhabitable portion 202 is provided, and the one end 206a is disposed in the closed space 201. The other end 206b protrudes from the bacteria inhabitable portion 202 and extends. The pipe 206 is formed with a first opening 206ab and a second opening 206ba which are separated from each other by a second distance L2 in the extending direction. In the present embodiment, these openings 206ab and 206ba are It is formed at both ends. The first opening 206ab is arranged at a position facing one end side of the bacteria inhabitable portion 202, and the second opening 206ba is located on the other end side of the bacteria inhabitable portion 202 from the bacteria inhabitable portion 202. 1 at a distance L1 apart. The openings 206ab and 206ba are not particularly limited as long as the openings 206ab and 206ba are formed at positions where the anaerobic space 213 and the aerobic region 90 can communicate with each other in the water purification system 210 described later. Alternatively, it may be formed at the center in the extending direction. The plate member 204 is made of the same material as the plate member 31 of the first embodiment, and the mesh member 203 is made of the same material as the mesh member 32 of the first embodiment. Yes.

  After placing such a water purification unit 200 on the inner bottom surface 2 c of the holding tank 2 as shown in FIG. 6, sand 50 (or gravel) and dredged sand 70 are sequentially deposited on the surface of the bacteria inhabitable portion 202. Further, the breeding water 9 is filled into the holding tank 2. Further, a non-transmissive portion 102 is provided below the side surface 2 a and the bottom surface 2 b of the holding tank 2 to prevent light from being inserted into the closed space 201. The non-transmissive portion 102 can be provided, for example, by sticking a black tape, a seal, or the like on the lower side surface 2 a and the bottom surface 2 b of the holding tank 2. In addition, when using a non-permeable thing as the holding tank 2, the non-permeable part 102 does not need to be provided. Then, by maintaining the state in which the organic matter is contained in the breeding water 9 for a certain period of time, the absolute anaerobic bacteria grow in the bacteria inhabitable part (first inhabitable part) 202 and the absolute anaerobic layer 207 is formed. It is formed. In addition, facultative anaerobic bacteria grow on the lower side of the sand 50 layer (second bacterial habitable portion 208) to form the facultative anaerobic layer 5, and the upper side (third bacterial habitable portion 209). The aerobic bacteria grow and the aerobic layer 6 is formed. Further, the closed space 201 becomes an anaerobic environment and becomes an anaerobic space 213.

  By using the water purification unit 200 in this way, the soot layer 7, the aerobic layer 6, the facultative anaerobic layer 5, and the absolute anaerobic layer 207 are formed from the top and below the absolute anaerobic layer 207. The water purification system 210 according to the second embodiment of the present invention in which the anaerobic space 213 and the aerobic region 90 are communicated with each other by the pipe 206 can be formed. Even in the water purification system 210 having such a configuration, the organic substance can be circulated similarly to the above-described water purification system 1 shown in FIG. Hydrogen sulfide can be reduced in the aerobic region 90, the aerobic layer 6, the facultative anaerobic layer 5, the absolute anaerobic layer 207, and the anaerobic space 213 as 143.

<Third Embodiment>
Furthermore, a third embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  The water purification unit 250 according to this embodiment is different from the water purification unit 200 shown in FIG. 5 in that the support unit 205 and the surrounding member 131 are not provided. And the several support | pillar member 251 as the closed space formation means 252 is similarly provided in the inner bottom face 2c of the holding tank 2 as the closed space formation means 252 which can form the closed space 201 with the water purification unit 250, By installing the water purification unit 250 in such a holding tank 2, the plate-like member 204 is lifted from the inner bottom surface 2 c by the support member 251, and is shown on one side in the second direction Y of the bacteria habitable portion 202. A closed space 201 as shown in FIG. 6 is formed. As the holding tank 2, it is preferable to use one having a non-light-transmitting portion 102 as shown in FIG. The closed space 201 formed on one side in the second direction Y of the bacteria habitable portion 202 deposits sand 50 or the like on the other side in the second direction Y of the water purification unit 250 and breeds water in the holding tank 2. 9 becomes an anaerobic space 213 when the water purifying system 210 is configured. Note that the plate-like member 204 and the mesh-like member 203 may not be provided as long as the black soil 40 of the bacteria-habitable portion 202 does not fall apart in the water purification unit 250.

  As described above, the water purification unit 250 is constituted by the black soil 40, and is formed with a massive bacterial habitable portion 202 in which absolute anaerobic bacteria can inhabit, and a first opening 206ab and a second opening 206ba. And has a length that can be extended from one side of the bacteria-habitable portion 202 to the other side, and the first opening 206ab is disposed at a position facing one side of the bacteria-habitable portion 202, The second opening 206ba has a pipe 206 as a cylindrical member disposed at a position away from the bacteria inhabitable portion 202 by a first distance L on the other side of the bacteria inhabitable portion 202.

  Since it is such a configuration, the other side in the second direction Y where the other end 206b of the pipe 206 is disposed in the bacterium-inhabitable portion 202 is immersed in the breeding water 9 containing organic substances derived from aquatic organisms. By supplying sand 50 or the like to form the aerobic layer 6 or the facultative anaerobic layer 5, the closed space 201 is formed on one side of the bacteria inhabitable portion 202 using the support member 251 as the closed space forming means. Can be formed. In addition, when the pipe 206 is arranged at a position where the first opening 206ab faces one side of the bacteria inhabitable portion 202, the second opening 206ba is a position away from the bacteria inhabitable portion 202 by the first distance L. Since the second opening 206ba is not blocked by the sand 50 or the like, the aerobic region 90, the aerobic layer 6, the facultative anaerobic layer 5, the absolute anaerobic layer 207, and the aerobic region An anaerobic space 213 communicating with 90 can be easily formed. Further, one end 206a of the pipe 206 is located in the anaerobic space 213 where the closed space 201 becomes an anaerobic environment, and the other end 206b of the pipe 206 is located in the aerobic region 90, and the other end 206b from the one end 206a. The anaerobic bacterium and the resulting product are configured to be movable toward. Furthermore, the water purification system 210 shown in FIG. 6 can also be configured by using such a water purification unit 250.

<Fourth Embodiment>
Furthermore, a fourth embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  The water purification unit 255 according to this embodiment is different from the water purification unit 250 shown in FIG. 7 in that the pipe 206 is not provided. The water purification unit 255 has a cylindrical member insertion hole 202a as a penetrating portion that penetrates the bacteria-habitable portion 202, the plate-like member 204, and the mesh-like member 203 in the second direction Y (vertical direction in the present embodiment). Is formed. Thus, the water purification unit 255 is made of a soil material and has a massive bacterial habitable portion 202 in which absolute anaerobic bacteria can inhabit, and the bacterial habitable portion 202 has one side in the second direction Y ( A cylindrical member insertion hole 202a is formed as a penetrating portion penetrating from the lower side in this embodiment to the other side (upward in this embodiment).

  Because of such a configuration, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, the cylindrical member insertion hole 202a is formed with a first opening 206ab and a second opening 206ba, and the first opening 206ab is inhabited by bacteria. When the pipes 206 are arranged such that the second opening 206ba is arranged at a first distance L1 from the bacteria inhabitable section 202 when the one is placed on one side of the capable section 202 (the bacteria inhabitable section 202 is It may be inserted so as to penetrate or part of the bacteria-habitable portion 202), or the pipe 206 is arranged on the surface of the bacteria-habitable portion 202 so as to communicate with the penetrating portion. The water purification system 210 shown in FIG. 6 can be configured.

  The specific configuration of each unit is not limited to the above-described embodiment.

  For example, as in the case of the water purification unit 300 shown in FIG. 9, when the bacteria habitable portion 140 of the water purification unit 100 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. The second bacterial habitat portion 301 is formed adjacent to the other side of the first bacterial habitable portion 140 in the second direction Y and in which facultative anaerobic bacteria can live. It is good also as a structure which further formed the 3rd bacteria inhabitable part 302 which can inhabit aerobic bacteria adjacent to the other side in the 2nd direction Y of the possible part 301. FIG. The second bacteria-habitable portion 301 and the third bacteria-habitable portion 302 are made by pressing sand 50 or the like as a granular carrier to some extent. Such second bacteria-habitable portion 301 and third bacteria-habitable portion 302 may be formed in advance in another water purification unit such as the water purification unit 200 (see FIG. 5) described above.

  In this way, the second bacteria inhabitable portion 301 in which facultative anaerobic bacteria can inhabit adjacent to the first bacteria inhabitable portion 140 in which absolute anaerobic bacteria can inhabit, and the second bacteria inhabitable portion. Further, sand 50 as a granular carrier capable of inhabiting aerobic bacteria and facultative anaerobic bacteria is further provided in order to form a third bacteria inhabitable portion 302 that can inhabit aerobic bacteria adjacent to 301. ing. By using such a water purification unit 300, it is not necessary to supply sand 50 or the like to form the aerobic layer 6 and the permeable anaerobic layer 5 as shown in FIG. Can be reduced. Furthermore, it is good also as a water purification | cleaning unit 550 as shown in FIG. 14 by further forming the layer comprised from the sand 70 on the surface of the 3rd bacteria habitable part 302. FIG. Different types of granular carriers for forming the aerobic layer 6 and the permeable anaerobic layer 5 may be used.

  Further, in the water purification unit 100, the closing means 132 is constituted by the surrounding member 131, the hollow member 30 and the bacteria inhabitable portion 140. However, as in the water purification unit 350 shown in FIG. By forming the closed space 352 inside the habitable portion 353, the closing means 354 may be formed only by the bacteria habitable portion 353. In this case, one end 206a is located in such a closed space 352, and the other end 206b is located at a position separated from the other side surface 353a in the second direction Y of the bacteria inhabitable portion 353 by the first distance L1. As described above, the pipe 206 is provided through the bacteria inhabitable portion 353.

  Moreover, in the said water purification unit 100, although the pipe 8 is comprised so that it may protrude upwards from the closed space 130, you may be comprised so that it may protrude below, The water purification unit 400 shown in FIG. As described above, the pipe 206 may extend laterally from the closed space 130 and protrude from the side surface 401 a of the bacteria inhabitable portion 401. In this case, in order to prevent the other end 206b of the pipe 206 from being clogged by the sand 50 deposited on the surface of the U-shaped bacteria-habitable portion 401 facing downward in a side view, the side surface 401a of the bacteria-habitable portion 401 and As the surrounding member 402 that covers the lower surface 401 b and the like, it is preferable to use a member whose upper end 402 a is located above the upper surface 401 c of the bacteria inhabitable portion 401. The sand 50 and the like are deposited in the surrounding member 402. By providing such an enclosing member 402, it can be used as a standard for how much sand 50 or the like should be supplied. Instead of providing such a surrounding member 402, a pipe having a long length such that the other end 206b is located sufficiently away from the side surface 401a of the bacteria inhabitable portion 401 may be used.

  Moreover, although the bacteria inhabitable portion 353 and the closed space 352 of the water purification unit 350 shown in FIG. 10 have a rectangular parallelepiped shape, the shape is not particularly limited, and may be spherical as shown in FIG. In such a water purification unit 450, a spherical closed space 452 is formed at the center of the spherical bacterial habitable portion 451, and penetrates the bacterial habitable portion 451 as the closing means 453 from the closed space 452. The pipe 206 extends, and a second opening 206ba formed at the other end (extending end) 206b opens at a position away from the bacteria inhabitable portion 451 by the first distance L1. Furthermore, when the bacteria-habitable portion 451 is the first bacteria-habitable portion 451 as in the water purification unit 500 shown in FIG. 13, the surface of the first bacteria-habitable portion 451 is facultative anaerobic. A spherical second bacterial inhabitable portion 501 in which bacteria can inhabit is formed, and a spherical third bacterial inhabitable portion 502 in which aerobic bacteria can inhabit is formed on the surface of the second bacterial inhabitable portion 501. It may be formed.

  Further, like the water purification unit 550 shown in FIG. 14, a support leg 551 capable of ensuring a predetermined gap G between the holding tank 2 as the installation surface 552 and another water purification unit 550. It may be provided. Since the support legs 551 are provided in this way, a plurality of water purification units 550 can be stacked and installed without blocking the other end 8b of the pipe 8, and are located on one side in the second direction Y. The organic matter and oxygen in the breeding water 9 can sufficiently enter the aerobic layer 6 of the water purification unit 550. As the number of water purification units 550 is increased in this manner, the amount of decomposable organic matter can be increased, and the decomposing ability can be improved. Further, when the water purification unit 550 is installed, for example, on the bottom of the sea or the riverbed, the water purification unit 550 can be easily arranged horizontally even if there are some irregularities due to rocks or the like. In this embodiment, the support leg 551 extends from the lower surface 550a of the water purification unit 550, but may be configured to extend from the upper surface 550b and the side surface 550c. Further, the lower surface 550a or the upper surface 550b of the water purification unit 550 is recessed at the side surface 550c so that the portion corresponding to the other end 8b of the pipe 8 of the other water purification unit 550 is recessed. A plurality of water purification units 550 may be appropriately stacked. Furthermore, a support leg may be provided in another water purification unit such as the water purification unit 200 (see FIG. 5) described above, or the surface of the other water purification unit may be recessed as described above. These purification units or water purification units 550 may be combined and stacked.

  Further, in the water purification unit 250 according to the third embodiment of the present invention, the bacteria inhabitable portion 202 is formed only above the closed space 201 formed by being installed in the holding tank 2. As shown in the water purification unit 600 shown in FIG. 15, the bacteria inhabitable portion 351 is formed above and to the side of the closed space 130 formed by being installed on the inner bottom surface 2c of the holding tank 2. May be. In this case, the closed space forming means 252 is only the holding tank 2. In addition, one end 8 a of the pipe 8 is located on one end side 351 a of the bacteria-habitable portion 351, and the other end 8 b of the pipe 8 is located on the other end side 351 b of the bacteria-habitable portion 351. Further, as long as the black soil 40 of the bacteria-habitable portion 351 does not become separated, at least one of the hollow member 30, the plate-like member 31, and the mesh-like member 32 may not be provided, as shown in FIG. Like the water purification unit 650, the water purification unit 600 may not include the hollow member 30, the plate member 31, and the mesh member 32.

  Further, in the water purification system 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention and the water purification system 210 according to the second embodiment, the entire pipe 8 as the communication means is provided in the holding tank 2, A pipe 601 extending from the anaerobic space 3 as shown in the water purification system 700 shown in FIG. 17 penetrates the side surface 2a of the holding tank 2 and extends outwardly from the holding tank 2 again. It is good also as a structure which reaches the aerobic area | region 90 by penetrating the side surface 2a.

  In addition, as the breeding water 9 used in the water purification systems 1 and 210, seawater or fresh water can be used according to the type of aquatic organisms. In addition to the breeding water 9, any water containing organic matter can be used. Can be used. In addition, the water purification unit 100, 200, 250, 255, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650 (hereinafter, these water purification units are collectively referred to as “water purification unit”). Units 100 to 650 ”) and water purification methods may be used by submerging them in seas, lakes, ponds, rivers, etc., and aquatic organism farms provided in these. . Aquatic organism farms generally enclose a portion of the sea, etc. with a net to keep aquatic organisms in an overcrowded state, and excreta exceeding the natural purification action is discharged, causing contamination of the surrounding sea area. However, by using the water purification units 100 to 650 in such aquaculture, the amount of decomposition of organic matter such as excreta can be increased in combination with the natural purification action, and hydrogen sulfide is less harmful. Can contribute to water quality improvement and suppress marine pollution associated with aquaculture. Moreover, even if the aquatic organisms that are cultivated grow, it is not necessary to reduce the number thereof, and the number of aquatic organisms that can be cultured per unit volume can be increased. In addition, when using the thing which is not provided with the 2nd bacteria inhabitable part 141 and the 3rd bacteria inhabitable part 142 like the water purification unit 100 which is 1st Embodiment, installation in the seabed etc. You may make it supply sand 50 grade | etc. Later, and you may make it bury in the sea sand of the seabed. In addition, the holding tank 2 is not limited to a water tank, but can be a ginger or a concrete shaped like a box with an open top, and the water purification system 1, 210, 700, 750 can be used for aquatic organisms such as a ginger. It may be used for aquaculture. Further, a hole may be dug in the ground, and the water purification system 1, 210, 750 may be configured in the hole. In this case, the earth wall constituting the hole corresponds to the holding tank 2.

  Moreover, as a communication means of the said water purification systems 1,210,700,750, and the cylindrical member of the said water purification units 100-650, anaerobic space 3,213 (closed space 130,201,352,452) and If it can communicate with the aerobic area | region 90, it will not be limited to the pipes 8 and 206, For example, it is 1st from absolute anaerobic layers 4 and 207 and the 1st bacteria inhabitable part 140,202,351,353,401,451. It may be a tube or a porous rock that can be extended with a second opening at a distance L1. Furthermore, the holes that penetrate the bacteria inhabitable portions 140, 141, 142, 202, 301, 302, 351, 353, 401, 451, 501, 502 and the respective layers 4 to 7 may be used as the communication means, and the holes have a cylindrical shape. You may make it use as it is, without inserting a member.

  Further, in order to suppress the rising of the sand 50 forming the aerobic layer 6, sea sand may be further deposited above the aerobic layer 6. Furthermore, a stainless steel net or the like having a mesh size that can block passage of aquatic organisms is disposed above the absolute anaerobic layers 4 and 207, for example, between the cocoon layer 7 and the aerobic layer 6. Thus, it is possible to prevent the sand 50 and the black soil 40 from being dug back by an aquatic organism having the habit of digging a hole and oxygen from entering the absolute anaerobic layer.

  In addition, as the water purification units 100 to 650, the first bacteria-habitable portions 140, 202, 351, 353, 401, 451, the second bacteria-habitable portions 141, 301, 501 and the third bacteria-habitable portion The parts 142, 302, and 502 are not limited to those in a dry state, and may be in a state containing moisture to such an extent that the bacteria can live. In addition, in a state where a sufficient number of the bacteria inhabit in advance in these bacteria inhabitable portions 140, 202, 351, 353, 401, 451, 141, 208, 301, 501, 142, 209, 302, 502. There may be.

  Furthermore, the water purification system 1, 210, 700, 750 according to the present invention does not necessarily prevent the use of a device that supplements the filtration function, such as an external filtration device, and also performs water replacement processing and sand replacement processing. It does not necessarily prevent. Furthermore, bacteria such as aerobic bacteria may be separately added to the holding tank 2.

  In the above embodiment, the first direction X is the horizontal direction, and the second direction Y orthogonal thereto is the vertical direction. However, the first direction X may be the vertical direction and the second direction Y may be the horizontal direction. It is good also as directions other than (for example, the direction inclined with respect to the horizontal direction). Therefore, the water purification systems 1, 210, 700, and 750 according to the present invention are formed in the order of the aerobic layer 6, the facultative anaerobic layer 5, and the absolute anaerobic layer 4 (207) from below to above. The aerobic layer 6, the facultative anaerobic layer 5, and the absolute anaerobic layer 4 (207) may be formed toward the side. As such a situation, the case where the water purification units 100-650 which concern on this invention are installed in the inner wall surface of the cave which exists in the sea can be considered, for example.

  Further, in the water purification units 100 to 650 according to the present invention, at least the black clay 40 is preliminarily compacted together, but it may be in a separated state. For example, a granular carrier that is a constituent material of the aerobic layer 6 and the facultative anaerobic layer 5 is pressed into a block shape, and the black clay 40 that is not pressed and broken apart is fixed to each other. The hollow member 30, the mesh member 32, the plate member 31, and the pipes 8 and 206 may be provided. Further, the granular carrier 50 that is a constituent material of the aerobic layer 6 and the permeable anaerobic layer 5 may also be in a state of being separated like the black clay 40. Further, together with the water purification units 100 to 650, a water purification unit may be used in which sand 50 or dredged sand 70 or the like packed in a disassembled state is enclosed. Furthermore, in the water purification units 100 to 650, the pipes 8 and 206 are previously fixed integrally with the bacteria inhabitable part, but the pipes 8 and 206 are separately provided to constitute the water purification systems 1 and 210. It is good also as a structure inserted in a bacteria inhabitable part when doing.

  In addition, those that promote the growth of absolute anaerobic bacteria, facultative anaerobic bacteria, and aerobic bacteria (for example, these bacteria themselves) may be supplied when the water purification systems 1 and 210 are configured.

  Moreover, you may use what can be expanded-contracted as cylindrical members, such as the pipe 8. FIG. By depositing the sand 50 and the cinnabar sand 70 by this, it can prevent that the other end of a cylindrical member is buried in a layer.

  Further, in the water purification system 1 shown in FIG. 2 and the water purification system 210 shown in FIG. 6, the aquatic organisms are bred in the aerobic region 90 so that the breeding water 9 contains organic substances derived from aquatic organisms. However, water containing organic matter derived from aquatic organisms may be supplied from other locations, and a holding tank 20 for raising aquatic organisms is separately installed as shown in FIG. The breeding water 9 may be fed into the holding tank 2.

  Specifically, in the breeding system 750 shown in FIG. 18, the space 290 in the breeding tank 20 and the aerobic region 90 in the holding tank 2 are connected by the first water feeding means 651 and the second water feeding means 652, respectively. Yes. Then, the breeding water 9 in the breeding tank 20 is sent to the holding tank 2 via the first water feeding means 651 and the breeding water 9 in the holding tank 2 is sent to the holding tank 20 via the second water feeding means 652. It is configured to be able to. The first water supply means 651 and the second water supply means 652 are connected to the pumps P1 and P2 and the pumps P1 and P2, respectively, and the ends are aerobic in the space 290 in the breeding tank 20 and the holding tank 2. What is comprised by the hose 651a and 652a each inserted in the area | region 90 is used. The breeding water 9 in the holding tank 2 may be sent to another place without returning to the holding tank 20, and if the breeding water 9 can be sent to the tanks 2 and 20, the pumps P1 and P2 and the hose 651a. , 652a may be used.

  Other configurations can be variously modified without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, even if the member is not described in the present specification, anything surrounding the closed space can be used as the closing means in order to make an anaerobic state when the water purification unit according to the present invention is immersed in water. In addition, anything that forms a closed space with the water purification unit according to the present invention can be a closed space forming means. Furthermore, what combined the structure of each embodiment suitably is also contained in the scope of the present invention.

1, 210, 700, 750 ... water purification system 2 ... holding tank 3, 213 ... anaerobic space 4, 207 ... absolute anaerobic layer 5 ... facultative anaerobic layer 6 ... good Air layer 8, 206 ... Communication means, tubular member (pipe)
8ab, 206ab ... first opening 8ba, 206ba ... second opening 9 ... water (breeding water)
40 ... Soil material (black soil)
50 ... granular carrier (sand)
90 ... Aerobic region 100, 200, 250, 255, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 550, 600, 650 ... Water purification unit 130, 201, 352, 452 ... Occluded space 132 ... Closing means 140, 202, 351, 353, 401, 451 ... first bacteria habitable portion 141, 301, 501 ... second bacteria habitable portion 142, 302, 502 ... first 3 Bacteria inhabitable part 202a ... penetrating part (tubular member insertion hole)
551 ... support leg 552 ... installation surface G ... gap L1 ... predetermined distance (first distance)

Claims (11)

A lump-shaped first bacteria-habitable portion preliminarily compacted with a soil material capable of inhabiting anaerobic bacteria is placed in water, and a particulate carrier is adjacent to the first bacteria-habitable portion. A second bacterium capable of inhabiting facultative anaerobic bacteria, and a third bacterium capable of inhabiting aerobic bacteria having a particulate carrier adjacent to the second bacterium inhabitable part An inhabitable part and an anaerobic space which is an anaerobic environment and communicates with the first bacterial inhabitable part are formed in the water, and further, organic matter and oxygen are in a position communicating with the third bacterial inhabitable part. Position the existing aerobic region, and make this aerobic region and the anaerobic space communicated,
As a result, an absolute anaerobic bacterium is propagated in the first bacterial habitable part, a facultative anaerobic bacterium is propagated in the second bacterial habitable part, and an aerobic bacterium is introduced in the third bacterial habitable part. The organic substances in the aerobic region are decomposed by these bacteria, and the absolute anaerobic bacteria that have flowed out of the first bacteria-inhabitable part and the products thereof are moved from the anaerobic space to the aerobic region. A method for purifying water, characterized in that hydrogen sulfide produced by absolute anaerobic bacteria grown in the first bacteria-inhabitable part is reduced while being moved. Constructed by soil material, the massive bacteria habitable part where absolute anaerobic bacteria can live,
  An occlusion space surrounded by an occlusion means constituted at least in part by the bacteria inhabitable portion;
  The first opening and the second opening are formed and have a length that can extend from the closed space through the closing means, and the first opening faces the closed space. A cylindrical member disposed at a position a predetermined distance away from the bacteria-habitable portion when the second opening is disposed at a position;
The method for purifying water according to claim 1, wherein a water purification unit having a water content is used. Constructed by soil material, the massive bacteria habitable part where absolute anaerobic bacteria can live,
  The first opening and the second opening are formed and have a length that can be extended from one side to the other side of the bacteria inhabitable portion, and the first opening can inhabit the bacteria A cylindrical member that is disposed at a position away from the bacteria-habitable portion on the other side of the bacteria-habitable portion when the second opening is disposed at a position facing one side of the portion;
The method for purifying water according to claim 1, wherein a water purification unit having a water content is used. Consists of soil material, has a massive bacterial habitable part that can inhabit absolute anaerobic bacteria,
  The water purification method according to claim 1, wherein a water purification unit in which a penetrating part penetrating from one side to the other side is formed in the bacteria inhabitable part is used. When the bacteria capable of inhabiting the anaerobic bacteria of the water purification unit is defined as a first bacteria inhabitable part, facultative anaerobic bacteria inhabit adjacent to the first bacteria inhabitable part. An aerobic bacterium and faculty to form a possible second bacterial habitat and a third bacterial habitat adjacent to the second bacterial habitable part, respectively, where aerobic bacteria can inhabit. The water purification method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, further comprising a granular carrier capable of inhabiting anaerobic bacteria. The method for purifying water according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the bacteria-habitable portion of the water purification unit is in a dry state. A holding tank capable of holding water containing organic matter;
An aerobic region formed in the holding tank in which the organic matter and oxygen are present;
An aerobic layer that communicates with this aerobic region and inhabites aerobic bacteria,
A facultative anaerobic layer that is located adjacent to this aerobic layer and inhabited by facultative anaerobic bacteria,
An absolute anaerobic layer that is provided adjacent to this facultative anaerobic layer and inhabited by absolute anaerobic bacteria and is composed of soil materials,
An anaerobic environment, an anaerobic space into which the absolute anaerobic bacteria that inhabit the absolute anaerobic layer and products thereof can flow, and
Communicating means for communicating the anaerobic space and the aerobic region;
Hydrogen sulfide that is formed in at least one of the aerobic region, the aerobic layer, the facultative anaerobic layer, the absolute anaerobic layer, and the anaerobic space and that reduces hydrogen sulfide produced by the absolute anaerobic bacteria. A water purification system comprising: a low-damage area. Constructed by soil material, the massive bacteria habitable part where absolute anaerobic bacteria can live,
  An occlusion space surrounded by an occlusion means constituted at least in part by the bacteria inhabitable portion;
  The first opening and the second opening are formed and have a length that can extend from the closed space through the closing means, and the first opening faces the closed space. A cylindrical member disposed at a position a predetermined distance away from the bacteria-habitable portion when the second opening is disposed at a position;
The water purification system according to claim 7, wherein a water purification unit comprising: Constructed by soil material, the massive bacteria habitable part where absolute anaerobic bacteria can live,
  The first opening and the second opening are formed and have a length that can be extended from one side to the other side of the bacteria inhabitable portion, and the first opening can inhabit the bacteria A cylindrical member that is disposed at a position away from the bacteria-habitable portion on the other side of the bacteria-habitable portion when the second opening is disposed at a position facing one side of the portion;
The water purification system according to claim 7, wherein a water purification unit comprising: Consists of soil material, has a massive bacterial habitable part that can inhabit absolute anaerobic bacteria,
The water purification system according to claim 7, wherein a water purification unit in which a penetrating portion penetrating from one side to the other side is formed in the bacteria inhabitable portion is used . When the bacteria capable of inhabiting the anaerobic bacteria of the water purification unit is defined as a first bacteria inhabitable part, facultative anaerobic bacteria inhabit adjacent to the first bacteria inhabitable part. An aerobic bacterium and faculty to form a possible second bacterial habitat and a third bacterial habitat adjacent to the second bacterial habitable part, respectively, where aerobic bacteria can inhabit. The water purification system according to any one of claims 8 to 10, further comprising a granular carrier capable of inhabiting anaerobic bacteria.

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