JP6266465B2 - Combined machining tool and machining method using the combined machining tool - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a combined machining tool that can perform, for example, cutting with a cutter on a valve seat of an engine and inner diameter machining with a reamer on a valve guide, and a machining method using the same.

Composite machining tools equipped with a cutter and a reamer are known, for example, while fixing the reamer to the head of the tool and attaching it, the cutter is moved via a cam by a differential mechanism provided on the outer periphery of the tool spindle, Some of them are processed simultaneously by a cutter and a reamer (conventional example 1; see Patent Document 1).
In addition, there is a tool in which a cutter is slidably attached to the head of the tool, and a reamer is advanced and retracted by a piston mechanism provided inside the tool spindle so that the cutter and the reamer can simultaneously process (conventional example 2; Patent Document 2). reference).

Japanese Patent No. 5288994 Japanese Patent No. 4497887

When the reamer is fixed in advance with respect to the head of the tool as in Conventional Example 1, it is necessary to project the reamer sufficiently long from the head of the tool by a length necessary for reamer processing. However, if the reamer is protruded for a long time in this way, the reamer may be bent during processing, which may cause bending of the hole. In addition, since the cutter and the reamer are processed at the same time, there are two fulcrums at the time of processing, and chattering is easy, so that processing defects are likely to occur at the coaxiality and roundness. For this reason, precise processing becomes difficult.
In addition, since the cutter is movable back and forth, backlash occurs, making precision machining even more difficult. In addition, if the reamer is protruded for a long time, the reamer may break, which shortens the blade life.
On the other hand, if the reamer can be moved forward and backward as in the conventional example 2, the reamer may be moved backward during the processing by the initial cutter, and the reamer may be gradually advanced during the reamer processing. Therefore, it is difficult to cause a sharp bend. However, due to simultaneous processing of the reamer and the cutter, chattering occurs as in Conventional Example 1, and high-precision processing becomes difficult.
In addition, if a piston mechanism is provided for advancing and retracting the reamer, it is necessary to provide a driving source for the piston separately from a rotational driving source for the combined machining tool (for example, machining center spindle power of a machining center), resulting in an increase in size of the apparatus. . Therefore, it is desired to advance and retract the reamer by a drive source common to the composite machining tool. In addition, the coolant must be provided separately from the piston mechanism, which further increases the size of the device.
On the other hand, when using a combined machining tool on the processing machine spindle of a processing machine such as a machining center, the processing machine has restrictions on the mounting dimensions in the length direction and radial direction. The total length of the tool must be shortened so that it can be mounted on the spindle of the machine. Moreover, since the attachment to the processing machine spindle becomes difficult when the size is increased as described above, it is also desired to make the apparatus compact so that the attachment to the processing machine spindle can be performed.
The present application aims to realize such a request.

In order to solve the above problem, the invention described in claim 1
A tool spindle (11) that is detachably attached to the processing machine spindle (12) of the processing machine and is driven to rotate by the power, and a first cutting tool (22) and a second cutting tool provided on the tool spindle (11). A multi-tasking tool comprising a cutting tool (28) of
The first cutting tool (22) is integrally provided on a holder head (20) removably attached to the tip of the tool spindle (11),
In the second cutter (28), which can rotate integrally with the tool spindle (11) and is supported on its rotational axis (CL) so as to advance and retreat,
A blade tool holder (58) that holds the second blade tool (28), is rotatably supported on the tool spindle (11), and can move back and forth on the rotation axis (CL);
A feed mechanism (61) for advancing and retracting the blade holder (58);
A transmission mechanism (80) comprising a gear mechanism for transmitting the rotation of the tool spindle (11) to the feed mechanism (61) and driving the feed mechanism (61) is provided.

The invention described in claim 2 is the above claim 1,
The transmission mechanism (80) includes a planetary gear mechanism (84) that decelerates and rotates the feed mechanism (61).

The invention described in claim 3 is the above claim 2,
The feed mechanism (61) has a screw shaft-shaped feed screw (65) formed on the outer periphery of the blade holder (58) and a feed screw nut (screw threaded on the inner periphery) that engages with the feed screw (65). 62).

The invention described in claim 4 is the above-mentioned claim 3,
The planetary gear mechanism (84) includes a feed screw nut gear (63a) provided on the feed screw nut (62), an internal gear (91) provided coaxially therewith, and these internal teeth. A pinion gear (92) provided between the gear (91) and the feed screw nut gear (63a),
The internal gear (91) has a ring shape and is rotatably supported on the outer periphery of the tool spindle (11) and is connected to the tool spindle (11) and rotates.
The pinion gear (92) meshes with the internal teeth (91a) formed on the inner peripheral surface of the internal gear (91) and the feed screw nut gear (63a) and rotates, and the feed screw nut gear (63a). Is fixed to the tool spindle (11) so as not to revolve.

The invention described in claim 5 is the above-described claim 4, wherein
The transmission mechanism (80) includes a main shaft side transmission gear mechanism (82) for transmitting the rotation of the tool main shaft (11) to the planetary gear mechanism (84).
The main shaft side transmission gear mechanism (82) is provided on the outer periphery of the tool main shaft (11) and has a ring-shaped input gear (86) that rotates integrally with the tool main shaft (11).
An output gear (87) having a ring shape, provided on the outer periphery of the tool spindle (11) and connected to the planetary gear mechanism (84);
The input gear (86) and the output gear (87) are engaged with a transmission gear (88), and
The internal gear (91) of the planetary gear mechanism (84) is rotated by the output gear (87).

The invention described in claim 6 is the above-mentioned claim 5,
The main shaft side transmission gear mechanism is a differential gear mechanism in which the number of teeth of the output gear (87) and the input gear (86) are different.

The invention described in claim 7 is the above-described claim 5 or 6,
The output gear (87) and the internal gear (91) are arranged adjacent to each other along the rotation axis direction, and are integrated by a connecting member (90).
The connecting member (90) is characterized in that it breaks at a predetermined load or more.

The invention described in claim 8 is the above-mentioned claim 3,
The feed mechanism (61) includes a clutch mechanism (68). When the clutch mechanism (68) is turned on, the feed tool nut (62) can be fed by the feed screw nut (62), and when the clutch mechanism (68) is turned off, the feed is stopped. It is characterized by.

The invention described in claim 9 is the above-mentioned claim 8,
The clutch mechanism (68) is arranged inside an arbor (14) behind the transmission mechanism (80) of the tool spindle (11).

The invention described in claim 10 is any one of the above claims 4 to 9,
The tool spindle (11) includes therein a coolant passage for cooling the first blade tool (22) and the second blade tool (28),
The coolant passage includes an entrance passage (14c) provided at a rear end portion of the tool spindle (11), and the entrance passage (14c) is a spindle of the processing machine on the rotation axis (CL). Connected to the coolant passage provided in (12),
A tool center through type coolant passage is provided for supplying coolant from the entrance passage (14c) to the first blade tool (22) and the second blade tool (28) through the inside of the tool spindle (11). ,
A part of the tool center through type coolant passage is formed between the internal gear (91) and the feed screw nut gear (63a).

The invention described in claim 11 is the first workpiece (32) arranged in the workpiece (30) using the combined machining tool (10) described in any one of claims 1 to 10. ) And the second workpiece (34) located in the center thereof,
A rotation axis (CL) of the combined machining tool (10) is aligned with the center of the second workpiece (34), and the combined machining tool (10) is advanced to be provided on the holder head (20). A first step of processing the first workpiece (32) with one cutting tool (22);
After completion of the processing of the first processed part (32), the combined working tool (10) is slightly retracted to such an extent that the first cutting tool (22) is separated from the first processed part (32). A second step;
And a third step of processing the second workpiece (34) while feeding out the second cutting tool (28).

According to claim 1, the rotation of the tool spindle (11) is transmitted to the feed mechanism (61) by the transmission mechanism (80) comprising a gear mechanism, and this is driven to advance and retract the second cutting tool (28). Since the second cutting tool (28) can be fed by the same drive source as the tool spindle (11), the entire apparatus can be made compact.
Furthermore, it is possible to attach and use it on a processing machine with a limited installation dimension.

According to claim 2, the rotation of the tool spindle (11) is decelerated and transmitted to the feed mechanism (61) by the planetary gear mechanism (84) of the transmission mechanism (80), and the second cutting tool (28) is advanced and retracted and sent out. As a result, the transmission mechanism (80) can be made compact.

According to claim 3, the feed mechanism (61) is formed on the inner periphery with a screw shaft-like feed screw (65) formed on the outer periphery of the blade holder (58) and a screw meshing with the feed screw (65). Since the feed screw nut (62) is configured, the feed mechanism (61) can be easily configured. Moreover, since it can provide in the axial center part of a tool spindle (11), the whole apparatus can be made compact.

According to claim 4, the planetary gear mechanism (84) includes a feed screw nut gear (63a) provided on the feed screw nut (62), and an internal gear (91) provided coaxially and surrounding the same. And a pinion gear (92) provided between the internal gear (91) and the feed screw nut gear (63a), and the ring-shaped internal gear (91) of the tool spindle (11). It was supported on the outer periphery so that it could rotate. Further, the pinion gear (92) meshes with the internal teeth (91a) formed on the inner peripheral surface of the internal gear (91) and the feed screw nut gear (63a) to rotate and rotate with respect to the feed screw nut gear (63a). Fixed to the tool spindle (11) so that it cannot revolve.

Therefore, when the internal gear (91) is rotated in conjunction with the tool spindle (11), the feed screw nut gear (63a) is rotated at a reduced speed via the pinion gear (92). At this time, the feed screw nut gear (63a) It is greatly decelerated. Therefore, according to this planetary gear mechanism (84), rotation can be transmitted from the internal gear (91) to the feed screw nut gear (63a) with a high reduction ratio, and a high reduction ratio can be realized with a compact device. Moreover, since the internal gear (91) is used as a ring gear and is provided on the outer periphery of the tool spindle (11) in parallel with the output gear (87) of the ring gear, the entire transmission mechanism (80) can be further compacted. The overall length of the device can be shortened.
Further, since the feed screw nut gear (63a) is used as the sun gear of the planetary gear mechanism (84), the feed screw nut (62) of the feed mechanism (61) can be rotationally driven by the planetary gear mechanism (84).

According to claim 5, the transmission mechanism (80) comprises a main shaft side transmission gear mechanism (82) and a planetary gear mechanism (84), and the main shaft side transmission gear mechanism (82) comprises a ring-shaped input gear (86) and The output gear (87) and the transmission gear (88) meshing with these are provided on the outer periphery of the tool spindle (11), and the rotation of the tool spindle (11) is rotated by the input gear (86) of the main shaft side transmission gear mechanism (82). ), And further from the output gear (87) to the internal gear (91) of the planetary gear mechanism (84), the rotation of the tool spindle (11) is transferred to the planetary gear mechanism (84) by a compact gear mechanism. Can communicate. Further, the speed can be reduced by the planetary gear mechanism (84) and the feed screw nut (62) can be rotationally driven by the output.
Therefore, the feed mechanism (61) can be driven by greatly reducing the rotation of the tool spindle (11), and the spindle side transmission gear mechanism (82) is provided on the outer periphery of the tool spindle (11) and the spindle side transmission. By combining the gear mechanism (82) and the planetary gear mechanism (84), the transmission mechanism (80) as a whole can be made compact and the overall length of the apparatus can be shortened despite high speed reduction.

According to the sixth aspect, since the main shaft side transmission gear mechanism is a differential gear mechanism (82) in which the number of teeth of the input gear (86) and the output gear (87) are different, the differential gear mechanism that is two reduction mechanisms, Since the gear mechanism (82) and the planetary gear mechanism (84) are combined, higher speed reduction can be realized.

According to the seventh aspect, since the output gear (87) and the internal gear (91), which are mutually ring-shaped and arranged in parallel in the rotation axis direction, are integrated by the connecting member (90), the structure can be simplified. The device can be made compact in the length direction.
Moreover, since the connecting member (90) is ruptured at a predetermined load or more, when an excessive load is applied from the feed mechanism (61), the linking member (90) is broken and the transmission mechanism (80 ) Can be cut off, and the transmission mechanism (80) can be protected.

According to claim 8, since the clutch mechanism (68) is provided in the feed mechanism (61), the feed of the blade holder (58) by the feed screw nut (62) is started when the clutch is turned on, and the cutter tool holder ( 58) in the feed direction is stopped. Therefore, even if the feed screw nut (62) is always rotated, the blade holder (58) can be fed out with the clutch turned on only when machining by the second blade is necessary.

According to the ninth aspect, since the clutch mechanism (68) is provided in the arbor (14) which is the rear portion of the tool spindle, the entire apparatus can be made compact.

According to the tenth aspect, the coolant passage is provided in the tool center through type in the tool spindle (11), and the coolant supplied from the processing machine spindle (12) on the rotation axis (CL) is supplied to the tool spindle ( 11) Since it can be supplied to the first cutting tool (22) and the second cutting tool (28) through the inside of the coolant, the coolant passage can be easily provided.
In addition, a part of the coolant passage of the tool center through type is formed between the internal gear (91) and the feed screw nut gear (63a), so that the space between the constituent gears of the planetary gear mechanism (84) is effective. It can be made compact by using.

According to the eleventh aspect, the combined machining tool (10) is placed at the first machining start position on the rotation axis (CL) of the combined machining tool (10), and further advanced from here to the holder head (20). A first step of processing the first workpiece (32) with the provided first cutting tool (22);
Thereafter, the composite machining tool (10) is slightly retracted to make the second machining start position where the first cutting tool (22) is separated from the first workpiece (32), and the second step,
Subsequently, with the third step of processing the second workpiece (34) while feeding the second cutting tool (28) with the composite processing tool (10) in the second processing start position, Machining by the first blade tool (22) and the second blade tool (28) can be made into separate processes, and the fulcrum of the blade tool at the time of machining in each process is set to one place, so that chatter can be reduced. Further, high roundness and coaxiality can be increased and high-precision machining can be performed. In addition, the composite machining tool (10) is simply advanced and retracted on the same axis, and the amount of retraction in the second step is very small, so that the machining can be performed efficiently. In the third step, since the second cutting tool (28) is sent out according to the processing depth, it is possible to prevent the bending of the hole due to the bending of the second cutting tool (28) and the second cutting tool (28). It is possible to extend the life by suppressing breakage.

Front view of combined machining tool according to an embodiment Side view of the combined machining tool 3-3 sectional view of FIG. Sectional view along line 4-4 in FIG. Sectional view along line 5-5 in FIG. Exploded perspective view of clutch mechanism Top view of slider The figure which shows a transmission mechanism from a rotation axis direction front

Hereinafter, an example of a machining tool for a valve seat and a valve guide in an engine cylinder head, including a cutter for machining the valve seat and a reamer for machining the valve guide will be described. Hereinafter, the front means the forward direction of the processing tool.

1 and 2, the combined machining tool 10 is detachably attached to a processing machine main spindle unit 12 of a processing machine composed of a machining center or the like, and is integrally rotated by a spindle 12a of the processing machine main spindle unit 12. CL is each axis of rotation of the spindle 12a and the combined machining tool 10.
The composite machining tool 10 is coaxially attached to the spindle 12a on the rotational axis CL, and includes a tool spindle 11 driven by the spindle 12a. The tool spindle 11 is coaxially divided into front and rear, and includes an arbor 14 and a spindle front part 16 (see FIG. 3 to be described later) as a rear part of the spindle. Arbor 14 has a tapered portion 14a connected to spindle 12a. The spindle front part 16 is a part that supports the cutting tool.
Furthermore, a case 18 is provided so as to cover the outer side of the coupling portion between the arbor 14 and the spindle front portion 16, and a holder head 20 attached to the front surface of the spindle front portion 16.

Cutters 22 are integrally formed on the outer peripheral portion of the holder head 20 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The holder head 20 is attached to the main spindle front portion 16 of the composite machining tool 10 from the front in the axial direction with a bolt 24 (see FIGS. 2 and 4).
A reamer 28 is held at the shaft center portion of the holder head 20 so as to be integrally rotatable and movable back and forth in the axial direction.

By positioning the positioning pin 18a outwardly on the outer peripheral portion of the case 18, a part thereof extends rearward, and is engaged with the holding portion 12b protruding forward from the front end portion of the processing machine spindle unit 12, The composite machining tool 10 is positioned so as not to rotate relative to the machining machine spindle unit 12.
Further, the case 18 is formed with a gear cover 18b protruding at a position shifted from the positioning pin 18a, and houses a transmission gear of a differential mechanism described later.

The composite processing tool 10 rotates integrally with the spindle 12a of the processing machine main spindle unit 12, cuts the sheet surface 32 (first processed part) of the work (cylinder head) 30 with a cutter 22, and finishes the processing. The inner diameter finishing process of the valve guide 34 (second workpiece) is performed while the reamer 28 is advanced. The seat surface 32 is a portion on which a valve (not shown) of the engine is seated, and is formed so as to extend coaxially with the valve guide 34 to the periphery thereof. The valve guide 34 is a cylindrical hole that slides and guides a stem (shaft portion) of the valve, and is formed at a deep position in front of the seat surface 32 when viewed from the composite processing tool 10 side.

Hereinafter, the internal structure of the combined machining tool 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. The arbor 14 and the main shaft front portion 16 are coaxially arranged at the front and rear, are connected to each other by a bolt 40 (FIG. 5), and rotate integrally. The arbor 14 and the spindle front part 16 form a tool spindle 11. That is, the tool spindle 11 is divided into front and rear and is connected so as to be integrally rotatable. A case 18 is rotatably supported by a bearing 19 on the outer periphery of the tool spindle 11, and both ends in the axial direction of the case 18 are sealed between the tool spindle 11 by oil seals 18 c.

A holder head 20 is attached to the front end portion of the main spindle front portion 16.
A cap 42 is disposed on the outer periphery of the front portion of the main spindle front portion 16 that is located behind the holder head 20. The cap 42 is attached to the main shaft front portion 16 with a bolt 44 from the front in the axial direction. The front end of the cap 42 is attached to the outer periphery of the rear end of the holder head 20 from the radial direction with bolts 26 and nuts 46 (FIG. 3).
The bolt 26 protrudes radially outward from the holder head 20 and penetrates the front end portion of the cap 42 radially outward.

A shaft hole 50 penetrating in the axial direction is provided in the axial center portion of the holder head 20, and the reamer 28 passes through the hole 50 and is held by bearings 52 and 54 so as to be movable forward and backward in the axial direction.
The reamer 28 includes a blade 28a at the tip and a round bar-shaped shank 28b that extends long and straight rearward. The shank 28 b enters from the holder head 20 into the shaft hole 56 of the main spindle front portion 16. On the side surface of the shank 28b, a guide groove 28c is formed which is parallel to the rotation axis CL and whose tip reaches the blade portion 28a. The guide groove 28c allows the reamer 28 to move forward and backward along the rotation axis CL, and engages with a convex portion (not shown) provided on the holder head 20 so that the reamer 28 can rotate integrally with the holder head 20. ing.

The shaft hole 56 of the main shaft front portion 16 is formed so as to penetrate the shaft center portion of the main shaft front portion 16 and has a larger diameter than the shaft hole 50 of the holder head 20. 3 and 4 show a state in which the reamer 28 is most retracted. In this state, most of the reamer 28 except the blade portion 28a is accommodated in the shaft hole 56 for a long time. The rear end portion of the reamer 28 is located near the rear end portion of the shaft hole 56 and is connected to the front end portion of the reamer holder 58.

3 and 4, the reamer holder 58 is coaxial with the rotation axis CL and is formed to be slightly longer than the shaft hole 56, and the front end portion is in the rear end portion of the shaft hole 56, and the other most part is the axis of the arbor 14. It is accommodated in a shaft hole 60 formed in the part. The reamer holder 58 is moved forward and backward on the rotation axis CL by the feed mechanism 61.
The shaft hole 60 is a bag hole that is coaxial with the shaft hole 56 and has a slightly larger diameter than the shaft hole 56 and is opened forward. The shaft hole 60 accommodates a reamer feed mechanism 61 and a clutch mechanism 68.

An entrance passage 14c is provided in the pullstat 14b provided at the rear end of the arbor 14. The inlet passage 14c is an inlet passage for the coolant and is located on the rotation axis CL, from which coolant for cooling the cutting edge portions of the cutter 22 and the reamer 28 is supplied.
The coolant is supplied from the shaft center portion of the spindle 12a to the entrance passage 14c, which is the shaft hole of the pullstat 14b, in a spindle center-through manner, and further passes through a passage provided inside the tool spindle portion 11 from here. It is supplied to the holder head 20 side.

The entrance passage 14c is connected to an oblique passage 14d formed obliquely along the tapered shape in the tapered portion 14a of the arbor 14. The oblique passage 14d is connected to a lateral passage 14e that passes parallel to the outside of the shaft hole 60 at the front portion of the arbor 14, and the lateral passage 14e is formed at the front end portion of the arbor 14 at the outer periphery of the feed screw nut 62. Connect to.

The lateral passage 14f is connected to the lateral passages 16a and 42a continuously passing through the main shaft front portion 16 and the cap 42. The lateral passage 42a is further connected to a lateral passage 16b formed in the small diameter portion of the inner main spindle front portion 16. The lateral passage 16b is connected to an oblique passage 50a toward the shaft hole 50 formed in the holder head 20. The oblique passage 50a has a partly enlarged diameter of the shaft hole 50 and is connected to a gap 50b formed around the shank 28b. One end of a discharge hole 50c that penetrates the holder head 20 in the radial direction and a guide groove 28c face the gap 50b.

Accordingly, the coolant entering the gap 50b from the oblique passage 50a is discharged from the discharge hole 50c to the periphery of the cutter 22, and is discharged from the blade portion 28a of the reamer 28 toward the front end through the guide groove 28c. In this way, a coolant passage can be provided in the tool spindle 11. Moreover, such a coolant passage in the tool spindle 11 is made possible by including a differential mechanism 82 having a ring-shaped gear and a planetary gear mechanism 84 as will be described later.

The coolant passage may be other than that shown in the figure. For example, the coolant is not supplied from the spindle 12a, but is supplied from the outside of the processing machine spindle unit 12 to the positioning pin 18a, and further from the positioning pin 18a to the inside of the tool spindle 11. It is also possible to adopt a known structure for supplying the coolant.
In addition, a passage is not provided in the tool spindle 11, a separate coolant device is provided from the combined machining tool 10, its discharge port is arranged around the holder head 20, and coolant is supplied from the outside to the vicinity of the cutter 22 and the reamer 28. A known structure to be supplied can also be adopted.

As shown in the enlarged portion of FIG. 3, the rear end portion of the reamer 28 in the shank 28 b is inserted into a large diameter portion 58 a formed at the front end portion of the reamer holder 58. The large-diameter portion 58a is slidably accommodated in the shaft hole 56, the collar 58b is accommodated therein, and the rear end portion of the shank 28b of the reamer 28 is fitted in the collar 58b.
The collar 58b is urged forward by a collar first spring 58c on the outer flange on the side surface,
Further, the bottom center portion is biased forward by the collar second spring 58e.

The collar second spring 58e is accommodated in a bag-shaped shaft hole 58d formed in the shaft center portion of the reamer holder 58. The collar first spring 58c and the collar second spring 58e press the rear end portion of the reamer 28 against the large diameter portion 58a (color cap 59) to prevent axial backlash.

Further, the large diameter portion 58a is closed with a collar cap 59 from the front. The color cap 59 is fixed to the front end surface of the reamer holder 58 with bolts 59a. The color cap 59 connects the rear end of the reamer 28 in the shank 28b in a state in which it is prevented from rotating and coming off.

This connection structure is constituted by a deformed cross-sectional portion formed at the rear end portion of the shank 28b of the reamer 28 and the anti-rotation hole of the collar cap 59. At the center of the color cap 59, for example, a non-circular detent hole made of a D-shaped hole is provided. On the other hand, the rear end portion of the shank 28b of the reamer 28 is notched on the side surface so as to form a D-shaped irregular cross section that can pass through the rotation stop hole, and further, the engagement groove continuously from a part of the notch surface. Are formed in the circumferential direction with a length of about ¼ circumference.

Therefore, after the rear end portion of the shank 28b of the reamer 28 is passed through the anti-rotation hole of the collar cap 59, the reamer 28 is rotated approximately ¼ so that the engaging groove engages with the anti-rotation hole and rotates. The reamer 28 is connected to the reamer holder 58 quickly and easily and fixed. When the reamer 28 is connected and integrated, the reamer holder 58 rotates integrally with the reamer 28.

Next, the feed mechanism 61 will be described. As shown in the enlarged portion of FIG. 4, the feed mechanism 61 includes a feed screw nut 62 that rotates by decelerating the rotation of the spindle 12 a in the processing machine spindle unit 12 via the transmission mechanism 80 and the clutch mechanism 68, and a large diameter of the reamer holder 58. It is comprised by the feed screw 65 formed in the outer periphery of the axial part 64 following the part 58a. The shaft portion 64 has a screw shaft shape and penetrates the feed screw nut 62. A screw 63 b that meshes with the feed screw 65 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the feed screw nut 62.

Due to the rotation of the feed screw nut 62, the reamer holder 58 can be moved back and forth in the axial direction.
However, in the clutch mechanism 68, when the clutch is off, the reamer holder 58 is not fed out despite the rotation of the feed screw nut 62 that is always meshed with the feed screw 65. The reamer holder 58 is sent out only when the clutch is on.

As shown in the enlarged portion of FIG. 4, the feed screw nut 62 is a cylindrical member in which a large diameter portion 62a and a small diameter portion 62b are continuously formed integrally, and a feed screw nut gear 63a is formed on the outer periphery of the large diameter portion 62a. Is done. The small diameter portion 62 b is fitted on the shaft portion 64 of the reamer holder 58, and the inner peripheral screw 63 b meshes with a feed screw 65 formed on the shaft portion 64.

In addition, the feed screw 65 of this embodiment is formed as a right screw. Here, assuming that the right rotation is forward rotation and the left rotation is reverse rotation toward the front of the rotation shaft, the feed screw 65 moves forward by the reverse rotation of the feed screw nut 62. The pitch of the feed screw 65 is 4 mm. However, the direction and pitch of the screw can be arbitrarily set.

Next, the clutch mechanism will be described. FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the clutch mechanism 68, and the rear of the substantially cylindrical slider 70 on which the reamer holder 58 slides, and the first clutch spring 72, the second clutch spring 74, and the reamer holder 58 provided before and after the slider 70. And a ratchet pin 66 that is provided at the end and moves in the axial direction in a slit 70 c provided in the axial direction of the slider 70. When the ratchet pin 66 enters the slit 70c, the clutch is turned on, and the feeding of the reamer 28 by the feed screw nut 62 is started. When the ratchet pin 66 comes out of the slit 70c, the clutch is turned off and the delivery of the reamer 28 is stopped.

The reamer holder 58 has a ratchet pin 66 fixed to its rear end in advance by a bolt 67. The ratchet pin 66 is inserted into the slit 70c, and the shaft portion 64 of the reamer holder 58 is passed through the slider 70. The clutch spring 72 is fitted on the front side of the slider 70, and the second clutch spring 74 is fitted on the rear side of the slider 70.
The slit 70c is formed over the entire length of the slider 70, and its length is substantially the same as the maximum feed amount of the reamer 28, that is, the length of the shaft portion 64 of the reamer holder 58.

The ratchet pin 66 is integrally formed so as to protrude radially outward from a main body portion 66 a attached to the rear end portion of the reamer holder 58. The width of the ratchet pin 66 is such that it can slide in the length direction while entering the slit 70c and being restricted in rotation. The protruding height in the radial direction of the ratchet pin 66 is such that the ratchet pin 66 reaches the inner peripheral surface of the large-diameter portion 70 b of the slider 70 from the axial center of the reamer holder 58 in a state of being attached to the reamer holder 58.

The main body portion 66a of the ratchet pin 66 has a front portion formed in a substantially U shape in a side view, a pair of front protrusions 66b is formed, and a flat portion 58f whose outer periphery of the shaft end of the reamer holder 58 is partially flat. They are fitted to prevent rotation. Thereby, sufficient durability is obtained such that it does not fall off even when used for a long time while being fixed to the reamer holder 58 with the bolt 67.

The slider 70 is a substantially cylindrical member composed of a small diameter portion 70a and a large diameter portion 70b as a whole. The small-diameter portion 70a has a shape in which a part of the small-diameter portion 70a is cut in the length direction and both end portions are opened, and this open portion forms a slit 70c. An intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the slider 70 forms a thick large-diameter portion 70b, and forms a stopper portion that covers the upper portion of the slit 70c and protrudes radially outward.
A groove having the same width as the left and right slits 70c is also formed in the axial direction on the inner peripheral surface of the large diameter portion 70b. The slit 70c is a guide groove for moving the ratchet pin 66 in a non-rotatable state and moving forward and backward in the axial direction through the inside of the large diameter portion 70b.

As shown in FIG. 3, the first clutch spring 72 is disposed along the inner peripheral surface of the shaft hole 60 between the feed screw nut 62 and the front end portion of the large diameter portion 70b, and biases the slider 70 rearward. ing. The second clutch spring 74 is provided along the inner peripheral surface of the shaft hole 60 between the rear end portion of the shaft hole 60 and the rear end portion of the large diameter portion 70b, and urges the slider 70 forward. .

A guide pin 76 that protrudes outward in the radial direction is provided on a portion of the large-diameter portion 70b of the slider 70 opposite to the slit 70c. The guide pin 76 enters an elongated slot 78 formed in the arbor 14 so that the slider 70 can move a little in the front-rear direction and cannot rotate relative to the arbor 14. As a result, the slider 70 always rotates integrally with the arbor 14.

Reference numeral 77 in FIG. 3 denotes a rotation preventing member for the slider 70, and is fixed to the bottom of the large diameter portion 70 b of the slider 70 by a guide pin 76. 79 is a cover which covers the long hole 78, and is fixed to the bottom of the arbor 14 with a bolt. An enlarged portion D in FIG. 6 shows the mounting structure of the guide pin 76 on the bottom of the large-diameter portion 70b of the slider 70 in cross section. A recess 77a for the rotation preventing member 77 is formed at the bottom of the large diameter portion 70b, and a nut hole 76a of the guide pin 76 is formed therein. When the guide pin 76 is fastened to the nut hole 76a in a state where the rotation prevention member 77 is fitted in the recess 77a, the rotation prevention member 77 is fixed by the guide pin 76.

Therefore, when the ratchet pin 66 enters the slit 70c and the clutch is turned on with respect to the slider 70 whose rotational direction is fixed with respect to the arbor 14, the reamer holder 58 becomes non-rotatable with respect to the slider 70, Since the free rotation is restricted, the rotation of the feed screw nut 62 is transmitted to the reamer holder 58 instead of the linear motion in the axial direction, and the reamer holder 58 is fed out in the axial direction.

On the other hand, in the clutch-off state where the ratchet pin 66 protrudes from the slit 70c, the reamer holder 58 can rotate freely with respect to the slider 70. Therefore, even if the feed screw nut 62 rotates, the reamer holder 58 remains together. Will not be sent out because no axial linear motion is transmitted.

In the clutch-on state, the reamer holder 58 can be sent to the most advanced position shown in FIG. In this most advanced position, the protruding amount of the reamer 28 protruding from the holder head 20 is maximized. At this time, the ratchet pin 66 protrudes forward from the front end surface 70d of the slider 70, the clutch is turned off, and the reamer holder 58 stops moving forward. For this reason, since the reamer holder 58 is separated from the drive system at a predetermined forward position, even if the depth of the machining hole is different, it is not necessary to manage the feed amount severely, and the feed amount can be easily managed.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of the slider 70. In this figure, the end surfaces 70d at both ends in the length direction of the slider 70 are introduction promoting surfaces having a substantially S-shape in plan view so that the ratchet pin 66 can easily enter the slit 70c. This will be described for the end face 70d on the right side of the figure. The end face 70d is divided by the slit 70c, and forms two end points 70e and 70f facing the slit 70c. The end point 70e and the end point 70f are relatively displaced in the axial direction in a plan view, and in the drawing, the upper end point 70f is axially inner than the lower end point 70e (the intermediate point side in the length direction of the slider 70). Located in.

The end surface 70d continuously changes from the lower end point 70e toward the upper end point 70f so that the axial position gradually becomes inward in the axial direction. For this reason, the planar view shape of the end face 70d connecting the both end points 70e and the end points 70f is substantially S-shaped (exactly, the illustrated state is a shape in which the S-shape is mirror-inverted. It is called a substantially S-shape including such a thing).
Note that the end face 70d on the left side of the figure is formed symmetrically with the right side, and the lower end point 70e is positioned on the inner side in the axial direction than the upper end point 70f.

As described above, when the end surface 70d has a substantially S shape in plan view, the ratchet pin 66 can be a surface for promoting introduction into the slit 70c. That is, when the ratchet pin 66 moves relatively on the end surface 70d in the clutch-off state where the ratchet pin 66 protrudes to the rear of the slider 70, the ratchet pin 66 is guided to the end surface 70d having a substantially S-shape in plan view. Therefore, it becomes easy to be introduced into the slit 70c.

This will be further explained with reference to the drawings. As indicated by the phantom line with (A) in the figure, when the ratchet pin 66 is in contact with the end face 70d, the slider 70 that rotates integrally with the arbor 14 and the feed that rotates at a reduced speed are shown. When a difference in rotational speed occurs between the reamer holder 58 meshing with the screw nut 62, the ratchet pin 66 slides relatively on the end face 70d, but when facing the slit 70c, as shown in FIG. Abutting on the stepped portions of the end point 70e and the end point 70f which are displaced in the axial direction, enters into the slit 70c, and becomes in a clutch-on state as indicated by (C).

At this time, since the guide pin 76 can move in the axial direction inside the elongated hole 78 formed in the arbor 14, the slider 70 moves forward and backward by a small amount in the axial direction, so that the ratchet pin 66 can easily enter the slit 70 c. doing. Even if the slider 70 temporarily moves in the axial direction, the slider 70 is always returned to the neutral position by the first clutch spring 72 and the second clutch spring 74.

Next, the transmission mechanism 80 will be described.
FIG. 8 is a view showing the transmission mechanism 80 from the front in the rotational axis direction. The transmission mechanism 80 includes a differential mechanism 82 and a planetary gear mechanism 84. The differential mechanism 82 is a main shaft side transmission gear mechanism for transmitting the rotation of the tool main shaft 11 to the planetary gear mechanism 84, and an input gear 86 fixed to the outer periphery of the main shaft front portion 16 so as to be integrally rotatable. And an output gear 87 that is rotatably supported on the outer periphery of the front end of the arbor 14 and a transmission gear 88 that meshes with the output gear 87. These gears are constituted by spur gears. The transmission gear 88 is fixed to the gear cover 18b by an intermediate shaft 89 parallel to the central axis CL (FIG. 4).

The input gear 86 is integral with the main spindle front portion 16, and the rotation direction and the rotation speed thereof are the same as the rotation speed of the main spindle front portion 16, that is, the rotation direction and the rotation speed of the spindle 12a. The output gear 87 is decelerated and rotated in the same direction as the input gear 86 in accordance with the number of teeth. Therefore, when the spindle 12a rotates forward, the input gear 86 rotates forward, the transmission gear 88 rotates reversely, and the output gear 87 decelerates and rotates forward.

The planetary gear mechanism 84 includes an internal gear 91 integrated with an output gear 87 and a bolt 90, a pinion gear 92 that meshes with the gear, and a feed screw nut gear 63a that meshes with the pinion gear 92. Inner teeth 91a are formed in the inner gear 91, and a pinion gear 92 is engaged with the inner teeth. The pinion gear 92 is fixed to the arbor 14 by an intermediate shaft 93.
By connecting and integrating the output gear 87 and the internal gear 91 with the bolt 90, the differential mechanism 82 and the planetary gear mechanism 84 can be easily integrated. The connecting member is not limited to the bolt 90 and can be used as appropriate. In a space formed between the internal gear 91 and the feed screw nut gear 63a, a lateral passage 14f which is a part of a tool center through type coolant passage is formed.

In this planetary gear mechanism 84, the internal gear 91 serves as an input gear, the pinion gear 92 can only rotate, and the intermediate shaft 93 is fixed to the arbor 14, so that it does not revolve around the feed screw nut gear 63a. Therefore, it functions as an idle gear, and the feed screw nut gear 63a is decelerated and rotated in the opposite direction to the internal gear 91.
At this time, when the internal gear 91 rotates forward integrally with the output gear 87, the pinion gear 92 also rotates forward, and the feed screw nut gear 63a decelerates and reverses.

The transmission mechanism 80 decelerates the rotation of the spindle 12a to the feed screw nut gear 63a of the feed mechanism 61 and transmits it by reverse rotation. When the feed screw nut gear 63a decelerates and reverses, the feed screw nut 62 also rotates in reverse integrally, and the screw 63b meshes with the feed screw 65, which is the right screw of the reamer holder 58, thereby moving the reamer holder 58 forward (when the clutch is on). ).

The total reduction ratio in the transmission mechanism 80 is (the number of revolutions of the feed screw nut gear 63a) / (the number of revolutions of the main spindle front portion 16). For example, the number of revolutions of the main spindle front portion 16 (spindle 12a) is 4000 rpm. In this case, the rotational speed of the feed screw nut gear 63a can be reduced to about 130 revolutions / minute. The reduction ratio at this time is 13/400, and a high reduction ratio is obtained. Note that a value of the reduction ratio that is extremely small (for example, 1/10 or less) is referred to as a high reduction ratio, and a reduction that achieves such a high reduction ratio is referred to as a high reduction.

Further, the differential mechanism 82 and the planetary gear mechanism 84 are combined, the input gear 86 of the differential mechanism 82 is disposed forward, the output gear 87 is disposed rearward, and the output gear 87 and the internal gear 91 of the planetary gear mechanism 84 are adjacent to each other. Since the transmission mechanism 80 can be arranged on the front half side of the tool spindle 11 and the feeding mechanism 61 can be arranged from the front, the overall length of the apparatus can be reduced and the apparatus can be made compact.

Since the lead of the feed screw nut 62 is 4 mm, the feed speed of the reamer holder 58 (that is, the feed speed of the reamer 28) is 4 mm × 13/400 = 0.13 mm / rotation, and the feed speed of the reamer 28 is increased. be able to.

Next, a machining method using the composite machining tool 10 will be described.
First, in FIG. 1, the arbor 14 of the combined machining tool 10 is attached to the spindle 12a, the rotation axis CL is aligned with the sheet surface 32 of the workpiece 30, the processing machine spindle unit 12 is advanced, and the holder head 20 is brought close to the sheet surface 32. Position. This position is defined as a cutter processing start position (first processing start position).
Subsequently, the composite processing tool 10 is rotated integrally with the spindle 12a, the processing machine spindle unit 12 is further advanced from the cutter processing start position, and the sheet surface 32 is finished by the cutter 22 (first step).

At this time, by setting the reamer 28 in the retracted position in advance, as shown in FIG. 3, the reamer holder 58 is in the most retracted position, and the ratchet pin 66 enters the slit 70c from the rear end of the slider 70, and the clutch It is on. Therefore, during processing by the cutter 22, the reamer 28 is fed out and is in a forward state.

Note that while the combined machining tool 10 is rotating, the reamer 28 rotates integrally with the combined machining tool 10, and the reamer holder 58 also rotates integrally with the reamer 28. For this reason, the ratchet pin 66 enters the slit 70c during the processing of the seat surface 32, and the clutch is on. At this time, since the feed screw nut 62 also rotates at a reduced speed, the delivery of the reamer holder 58 is started, and the reamer 28 is delivered slightly forward. However, since the valve guide 34 is located deeper than the seat surface, the blade portion 28a of the reamer 28 does not reach the valve guide 34 until the seat surface processing is completed.

When the processing of the sheet surface 32 is completed, the processing machine spindle unit 12 is moved back a little (for example, about 1 mm), and the cutter 22 is separated from the sheet surface 32 (second step). At this time, the blade portion 28 a of the reamer 28 is on the axis of the valve guide 34. The position of the tip of the holder head 20 at this time is referred to as a reamer processing start position (second processing start position). Since the reamer 28 has already been sent out at the reaming start position, the tip of the blade portion 28a of the reamer 28 is approaching the valve guide 34.

At the reaming start position, the positions of the processing machine spindle unit 12 and the composite processing tool 10 are fixed as they are, and the reamer 28 is rotated and advanced to start reaming the valve guide 34 (third step). . At this time, the ratchet pin 66 enters the slit 70c, the clutch is turned on, the feed screw nut 62 rotates, and the reamer 28 enters the valve guide 34 to finish the inner surface of the hole in the valve guide 34. The processing by the reamer 28 is gradually moved forward from the front side (the holder head 20 side) of the valve guide 34 to the deeper portion, but the reamer 28 is gradually fed forward as the processing place moves forward. The length at which the reamer 28 extends from the holder head 20 also increases.

However, since the tip end portion of the holder head 20 is at the reamer processing start position close to the front end portion of the valve guide 34 and the position is not moved, almost all of the delivered reamer 28 is in the valve guide 34. Since it is located in and becomes difficult to bend, it becomes difficult to produce a hole bending. In addition, cutter processing and reamer processing are performed independently on the same axis as time-sequential independent processes, so there is no need for multiple fulcrum support points for blades and high-precision processing with high coaxiality and roundness. Is possible.

When the processing by the reamer 28 is completed, the processing machine spindle unit 12 is retracted, the composite processing tool 10 is retracted to, for example, a cutter processing start position, and then the spindle 12a is reversely rotated to reversely rotate the composite processing tool 10.
As a result, the feed screw nut 62 rotates in the forward direction, so that the reamer holder 58 is retracted, and when the ratchet pin 66 is removed from both end faces 70d in the longitudinal direction and comes out of the slider 70, the clutch is turned off. In this state, the spindle 12a stops rotating, and all machining is completed.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, a cutter 22 (first cutting tool) and a reamer 28 (second cutting tool) are provided coaxially on the tool spindle 11, and on the same axis, first, the sheet surface 32 is processed by the cutter 22, Thereafter, the valve guide 34 is processed by the reamer 28. For this reason, since the simultaneous machining by the cutter 22 and the reamer 28 is not performed even though it is the combined machining tool 10, the fulcrum of the cutting tool becomes one fulcrum at the time of machining, and the fulcrum of the cutter 22 and the reamer 28 as in the simultaneous machining. Since both do not occur at the same time, chatter is reduced and high-precision machining is possible.

In addition, since the cutter 22 is provided integrally with the holder head 20, it can be processed without play and the sheet surface 32 can be finished with high accuracy.
In addition, since the reamer 28 is fed out in accordance with the machining depth, the valve guide 34 can be machined without causing the shaft to bend, and finishing with high concentricity and roundness becomes possible.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3 and the like, the rotation of the tool spindle 11 rotated and driven by the processing machine spindle unit 12 of the processing machine is reduced and transmitted to the feed mechanism 61 by the gear mechanism of the transmission mechanism 80, and the reamer holder 58 is advanced and retracted. Since feeding is performed at a predetermined speed, the feeding of the reamer 28 (second cutting tool) can be driven by the same drive source as the tool spindle 11, and the entire apparatus can be made compact, and the mounting dimensions can be reduced. It is possible to attach and use even for a processing machine with restrictions on.

Further, since the transmission mechanism 80 is constituted by a gear mechanism including the differential mechanism 82 and the planetary gear mechanism 84, the entire transmission mechanism 80 can be made compact and the overall length of the apparatus can be shortened despite high speed reduction.
In particular, by adopting the planetary gear mechanism 84, a transmission mechanism capable of high speed reduction and making the entire tool spindle 11 compact can be realized.
In addition, the differential mechanism 82 can be provided on the outer periphery of the tool spindle 11 by constituting the ring-shaped input gear 86 and the output gear 87 and the transmission gear 88 meshing with the ring-shaped input gear 86 and the output gear 87. The transmission mechanism 80 can be arranged in a compact manner.

The planetary gear mechanism 84 includes an internal tooth 91a of the internal gear 91, a pinion gear 92, and a feed screw nut gear 63a, and the pinion gear 92 can be rotated and fixed to the tool spindle 11 so as not to revolve. Since rotation is transmitted from the internal gear 91 to the feed screw nut gear 63a with a high reduction ratio, a high reduction ratio can be realized with a compact device.
Moreover, since the internal gear 91 is used as a ring gear and is provided in parallel with the output gear 87 of the ring gear and provided on the outer periphery of the tool spindle 11, the entire transmission mechanism 80 can be made more compact and the overall length of the apparatus can be shortened.

At this time, since the output gear 87 and the internal gear 91 are integrated by the bolt (connecting member) 90, the structure can be simplified and the apparatus can be further compacted in the length direction.
In addition, since the bolt 90 is made of resin and is a soft material bolt that can be broken by a predetermined large load, when the predetermined large load is applied to the bolt 90 from the feed mechanism 61 side, the bolt 90 is broken and the output gear Excessive load on 87 can be cut off. When there is no need to consider such an excessive load, the bolt 90 can be made of ordinary metal.

Further, since the clutch mechanism 68 is provided in the feed mechanism 61, when the clutch is turned on, the feed screw nut 62 starts feeding the reamer holder 58, and when the clutch is turned off, the operation of the reamer holder 58 in the feed direction is stopped. Therefore, by turning the clutch off at a predetermined feed amount, even if the feed mechanism 61 is disconnected from the drive system and the feed screw nut 62 is always rotated, the feed amount of the reamer 28 can be made predetermined. For this reason, even if the depth of the processed hole is different, it is not necessary to manage the feed amount severely, and the feed amount can be easily managed.
In addition, since the clutch mechanism 68 is provided inside the arbor 14, the entire apparatus can be made compact.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a coolant passage (14 d, 14 e, 14 f, 16 a, 42 a, 16 b, 50 a, 50 b, 50 c) is provided inside the tool spindle 11, and a pullstat 14 b provided at the rear end portion of the arbor 14. Since the shaft hole is used as the entrance passage 14c, when the arbor 14 is connected to the spindle 12a in the processing machine main spindle unit 12 of the processing machine, the coolant supplied in the spindle center through form from the axial center of the spindle 12a is supplied to the entrance passage 14c. To the periphery of the cutter 22 and the reamer 28 through the inside of the tool spindle 11.

For this reason, a tool center through type coolant passage can be provided inside the tool spindle 11, and a separate coolant device can be provided simply by attaching the combined machining tool 10 to the spindle center through type processing machine spindle unit 12. The coolant can be supplied to the holder head 20 side. In addition, since the coolant passage is not provided outside the combined machining tool 10, it can be attached to the processing machine.
In addition, by providing a differential mechanism 82 having a ring gear and a planetary gear mechanism 84 so as not to occupy the entire interior of the tool spindle 11 with the gear mechanism, a space for the coolant passage can be secured inside the tool spindle 11. The tool center through type coolant passage can be easily provided.

Moreover, according to the processing method which concerns on this embodiment, the sheet | seat surface 32 (1st to-be-processed part) by the cutter 22 (1st blade tool) is processed on the rotating shaft (CL) of the compound processing tool 10. FIG. The first step, the second step of slightly retracting the combined machining tool 10, and the third step of machining the valve guide 34 (second workpiece) while feeding the reamer 28 (second cutting tool) are sequentially performed. Therefore, the processing by the cutter 22 and the reamer 28 can be performed in different steps in time series. For this reason, since the fulcrum of the cutting tool is set to one place at the time of processing in the first and third steps, chatter can be reduced, and high-precision processing can be performed by increasing the roundness and the coaxiality.

In addition, the composite machining tool 10 is simply advanced and retracted on the same axis, and the amount of retraction in the second step is small, so that the machining can be performed efficiently. Further, in the third step, the reamer 28 is sent out from the reamer machining start position according to the machining depth, so that it is possible to prevent the reamer 28 from being bent and to prevent the reamer 28 from being broken and to extend the life. Can do.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications and applications are possible within the principle of the invention. For example, it is not always necessary to turn off the clutch at the start and end of the reamer machining, and the clutch can be kept on during the machining and through its start and stop.

Also, the workpiece to be processed is not limited to engine parts, and various types of workpieces are possible. Moreover, a processing blade is not limited to a cutter and a reamer, and it is sufficient if at least two types of processing tools are used for various processing. Further, the first cutting tool composed of the cutter 22 and the like may be provided separately from the holder head 20 and detachably fixed to the holder head 20 by appropriate means such as a bolt.

Further, the planetary gear mechanism 84 includes a sun gear, a planetary gear, and an internal gear, which are constituent elements of this mechanism, as a feed screw nut gear 63a, a pinion gear 92, and an internal gear 91, respectively. It may be provided separately from the feed screw nut gear 63a. Further, the pinion gear 92 may be revolved and the feed screw nut 62 may be driven by the carrier output. Alternatively, the output gear 87 may be provided with internal teeth, and the pinion gear 92 may be engaged with the output gear 87 so that the output gear 87 is also used as the internal gear 91.

The transmission mechanism 80 may omit the differential mechanism 82 and use the planetary gear mechanism 84 alone. Even in this case, it is possible to provide a transmission mechanism using the planetary gear mechanism 84 that can achieve high speed reduction and make the entire tool spindle 11 compact.
Further, the transmission mechanism 80 may be configured by only the differential mechanism 82. In addition to the differential mechanism 82 and the planetary gear mechanism 84, other mechanisms that transmit the rotation of the processing machine spindle unit 12 as the driving force of the feed mechanism 61 may be used.

Furthermore, since the differential mechanism 82 only needs to function as a main shaft side transmission gear mechanism for transmitting the rotation of the tool main shaft 11 to the planetary gear mechanism 84, the number of teeth of the output gear 87 and the input gear 86 is not different. The same number may be used. Even in this case, the rotation of the tool spindle 11 can be transmitted to the planetary gear mechanism 84 in a compact manner. Further, the input gear 86 of the differential mechanism 82 can be directly connected to the internal gear 91 of the planetary gear mechanism 84, and the output gear 87 and the transmission gear 88 can be omitted.

In addition to the tool center through type connected to the spindle center through type processing machine spindle unit 12, the coolant type is connected to an external coolant device at the intermediate part of the combined machining tool 10, so that the front part of the combined machining tool 10 is connected. A form in which coolant is supplied to a coolant passage provided on the inside or a form in which coolant is supplied to the periphery of the holder head 20 from a separate coolant device provided outside without providing a passage inside the composite processing tool 10 is adopted. You can also.

10: composite machining tool, 11: tool spindle, 12: machine spindle unit, 12a: spindle, 14: arbor (rear spindle), 16: spindle front, 18: case, 20: holder head, 22: cutter (first) 1), 28: reamer (second blade), 30: work, 32: seat surface, 34: valve guide, 58: reamer holder, 61: feed mechanism, 62 feed screw nut, 65: feed screw, 66: ratchet Pin: 68: Clutch mechanism, 70: Slider, 70c: Slit, 70d: End face, 80: Transmission mechanism, 82: Differential mechanism, 84: Planetary gear mechanism, 86: Input gear, 87: Output gear, 88: Transmission gear 91: Internal gear, 92: Pinion gear

Claims (11)

A tool spindle (11) that is detachably attached to the processing machine spindle (12) of the processing machine and is driven to rotate by the power, and a first cutting tool (22) and a second cutting tool provided on the tool spindle (11). A multi-tasking tool comprising a cutting tool (28) of
The first cutting tool (22) is integrally provided on a holder head (20) removably attached to the tip of the tool spindle (11),
In the second cutter (28), which can rotate integrally with the tool spindle (11) and is supported on its rotational axis (CL) so as to advance and retreat,
A blade tool holder (58) that holds the second blade tool (28), is rotatably supported on the tool spindle (11), and can move back and forth on the rotation axis (CL);
A feed mechanism (61) for advancing and retracting the blade holder (58);
A combined machining tool comprising a transmission mechanism (80) comprising a gear mechanism for transmitting rotation of the tool spindle (11) to the feed mechanism (61) and driving the feed mechanism (61). . The combined machining tool according to claim 1, wherein the transmission mechanism (80) includes a planetary gear mechanism (84) that rotates the feed mechanism (61) at a reduced speed. The feed mechanism (61) has a screw shaft-shaped feed screw (65) formed on the outer periphery of the blade holder (58) and a feed screw nut (screw threaded on the inner periphery) that engages with the feed screw (65). 62) The combined machining tool according to claim 2, further comprising: 62). The planetary gear mechanism (84) includes a feed screw nut gear (63a) provided on the feed screw nut (62), an internal gear (91) provided coaxially therewith, and these internal teeth. A pinion gear (92) provided between the gear (91) and the feed screw nut gear (63a),
The internal gear (91) has a ring shape and is rotatably supported on the outer periphery of the tool spindle (11) and is connected to the tool spindle (11) and rotates.
The pinion gear (92) meshes with the internal teeth (91a) formed on the inner peripheral surface of the internal gear (91) and the feed screw nut gear (63a) and rotates, and the feed screw nut gear (63a). The combined machining tool according to claim 3, wherein the combined machining tool is fixed to the tool spindle (11) so as not to revolve. The transmission mechanism (80) includes a main shaft side transmission gear mechanism (82) for transmitting the rotation of the tool main shaft (11) to the planetary gear mechanism (84).
The main shaft side transmission gear mechanism (82) is provided on the outer periphery of the tool main shaft (11) and has a ring-shaped input gear (86) that rotates integrally with the tool main shaft (11).
An output gear (87) having a ring shape, provided on the outer periphery of the tool spindle (11) and connected to the planetary gear mechanism (84);
The input gear (86) and the output gear (87) are engaged with a transmission gear (88), and
The combined machining tool according to claim 4, wherein the internal gear (91) of the planetary gear mechanism (84) is rotated by the output gear (87). The composite machining tool according to claim 5, wherein the main shaft side transmission gear mechanism is a differential gear mechanism in which the number of teeth of the output gear (87) and the input gear (86) are different. The output gear (87) and the internal gear (91) are arranged adjacent to each other in the rotational axis direction, and are integrated by a connecting member (90).
The combined machining tool according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the connecting member (90) is ruptured by a load of a predetermined value or more. The feed mechanism (61) includes a clutch mechanism (68). When the clutch mechanism (68) is turned on, the feed tool nut (62) can be fed by the feed screw nut (62), and when the clutch mechanism (68) is turned off, the feed is stopped. The combined machining tool according to claim 3. The composite machining tool according to claim 8, wherein the clutch mechanism (68) is disposed inside an arbor (14) behind the transmission mechanism (80) of the tool spindle (11). . The tool spindle (11) includes therein a coolant passage for cooling the first blade tool (22) and the second blade tool (28),
The coolant passage includes an entrance passage (14c) provided at a rear end portion of the tool spindle (11), and the entrance passage (14c) is a spindle of the processing machine on the rotation axis (CL). Connected to the coolant passage provided in (12),
A tool center through type coolant passage is provided for supplying coolant from the entrance passage (14c) to the first blade tool (22) and the second blade tool (28) through the inside of the tool spindle (11). ,
A part of the tool center through type coolant passage is formed between the internal gear (91) and the feed screw nut gear (63a). The combined machining tool described. Using the combined machining tool (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, a first workpiece (32) disposed in the workpiece (30) and a second positioned at the center thereof. In the processing method of processing the workpiece (34),
A rotation axis (CL) of the combined machining tool (10) is aligned with the center of the second workpiece (34), and the combined machining tool (10) is advanced to be provided on the holder head (20). A first step of processing the first workpiece (32) with one cutting tool (22);
After completion of the processing of the first processed part (32), the combined working tool (10) is slightly retracted to such an extent that the first cutting tool (22) is separated from the first processed part (32). A second step;
And a third step of processing the second workpiece (34) while feeding out the second cutting tool (28). A processing method using a composite processing tool, comprising:

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