JP5194863B2 - Cutting tools - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention cuts an inner wall surface of a prepared hole provided in advance in a workpiece to form a processed hole, and performs cutting for cutting the periphery of the opening of the processed hole coaxially with the processed hole. It relates to tools.

  Conventionally, as a cutting tool for finishing a valve hole in a cylinder head of an engine and processing an opening of the valve hole into a predetermined shape, a hole drilling tool inserted into a prepared hole provided in advance in a workpiece And the thing provided with the cutting blade which cuts the opening part of this pilot hole coaxially is proposed (for example, refer patent document 1 or patent document 2).

  This type of cutting tool has a tool body that rotates about an axis, and a mounting portion that is attached to a tool holding portion of a machine tool is formed on a rear end side portion of the tool body, and a tip surface of the tool body A mounting hole extending along the axis is drilled, and a reamer having a cutting edge at the tip is inserted into the mounting hole as a long, substantially cylindrical hole processing tool. Furthermore, a clamp screw hole drilled from the outer peripheral surface of the tool body is communicated with the mounting hole, and the reamer inserted into the mounting hole is pressed by the clamp screw screwed into the clamp screw hole. It is firmly fixed. Further, a cutting insert is attached to the outer periphery of the tip of the tool body.

This cutting tool has a mounting portion formed on the rear end side of the tool body attached to the tool holding portion of the machine tool, and the tool body is sent toward the front end side in the axial direction while rotating around the axis. The reamer mounted in the mounting hole of the engine, for example, processes a pilot hole made of a valve hole in a cylinder head of an engine into a predetermined inner diameter, and the cutting hole of the cutting insert mounted on the outer peripheral portion of the tool body causes the valve hole. The valve seat surface with which the valve head comes into contact with the opening is machined. By processing in this way, the valve hole and the valve seat surface are formed coaxially.
Japanese Patent No. 2748846 JP-A-6-304804

Incidentally, in the conventional cutting tool described above, it is necessary to perform the replacement of the tool body with a corresponding cutting edge when subjected to machining the valve hole and the opening of different specifications, also, the cutting edge It is necessary to replace the tool body with a new one depending on the service life and chipping.
At this time, the tool body with a cutting edge on the outer periphery of the tip is firmly fixed to the tool holder in order to secure the mounting rigidity to the tool holder of the machine tool. The work to do took a lot of time and effort.
Therefore, when exchanging the tool main body, it is necessary to stop the production line for a long time, resulting in a problem that productivity is lowered.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a problem, and allows the tool body to be firmly attached to the machine tool, and can be easily and quickly replaced, thereby greatly reducing time and labor in the replacement work. An object of the present invention is to provide a cutting tool that can improve productivity.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes the following means.
That is, the cutting tool according to the present invention is a cutting tool having a tool body that is rotated about an axis, and a rear end portion of the tool body is attached to a machine tool via an adapter, A substantially cylindrical shape having a through hole along the axis is formed, and a fitting recess is formed at a tip opening of the through hole. A clamper having a substantially cylindrical shape is formed in the through hole with respect to the adapter. The tool body is housed so as to be able to advance and retreat in the axial direction, and the tool body is provided with a fitting convex portion that can be fitted with the fitting concave portion at a rear end portion thereof, and a clamper insertion in which a tip portion of the clamper can be inserted A hole is formed, a locking part is provided on the outer periphery of the tip of the clamper, a locked part is provided on the inner periphery of the opening edge of the clamper insertion hole, and the locking part and the locked part are The tool body is When it is in a specific phase around the axis with respect to the damper, it can be engaged and disengaged in the axial direction, and can be engaged in the axial direction in an engagement phase rotated relative to the specific phase by a certain angle. A ring gear including a male screw portion formed on a side surface, an inner peripheral surface formed with a female screw portion screwed with the male screw portion, and an outer peripheral surface formed with gear teeth; and meshed with the gear teeth of the ring gear; An adjustment gear that can be rotated from the outside of the adapter is provided, and the adjustment gear is disposed such that a central axis is parallel to the axis, and the adjustment shaft integrally formed with the adjustment gear includes An adjustment hole exposed from the adapter tip surface to the tool tip side is formed, and the tool main body has a tool tip parallel to the axis at a position corresponding to the adjustment hole of the adjustment shaft in the state of the engagement phase. After the tool from the side It is characterized in that the working tool insertion hole communicating with the side is formed.

  According to the cutting tool having such a feature, the tool main body is configured to be attached to the machine tool via the adapter. When the tool main body is attached to the adapter, the tool main body is provided in the through hole of the adapter. A state of a specific phase in which the tip of the clamper can be inserted into the clamper insertion hole of the tool body, that is, the locking portion of the clamper tip and the locked portion of the clamper insertion hole can be engaged and disengaged in the axial direction. Thus, the fitting convex part of the tool body is fitted and integrated with the fitting concave part of the adapter.

  After the tool body is mounted on the adapter in this way, when the tool body is rotated relative to the adapter by a certain angle, the locking portion at the tip of the clamper on the adapter side and the locked portion on the tool body side are in the axial direction. Therefore, the clamper on the adapter side and the tool body can be engaged in the axial direction.

  Therefore, in this state, the adjustment gear is rotated in a certain direction from the outside, and the ring gear meshing with the adjustment gear is also rotated, so that the clamper screwed with the inner peripheral surface of the ring gear is guided to the ring gear. In this way, it is moved to the rear end side along the axis. At this time, since the locking portion of the clamper is engaged with the locked portion on the tool body side, the tool body is pulled to the rear end side with the movement of the clamper, and the tool body and the adapter are firmly connected. Fixed and integrated.

Also, when removing the tool body from the adapter, first, the adjusting gear by moving the clamper distally by rotating into the one directed opposite direction to release the integration of the tool body and the adapter, further By rotating the tool body and adapter relative to each other, the locking part at the tip of the clamper and the locked part at the edge of the opening of the clamper insertion hole are brought into a specific phase from the engaging phase to separate the tool body and the adapter. Let
As described above, the tool body can be firmly attached to the adapter with a simple operation and can be easily and quickly replaced.

  Further, in the cutting tool according to the present invention, the fitting convex portion has a tapered side surface that decreases in diameter toward the distal end side (the rear end side of the tool body) of the fitting convex portion with the axis as the center. The fitting recess has a tapered inner peripheral wall surface that fits with the tapered side surface.

  When the fitting convex portion and the fitting concave portion are taper-fitted, the center axes of the tool main body and the adapter are made to coincide with each other, and centering can be performed with high accuracy.

  Further, in the cutting tool according to the present invention, the clamper is centered by inserting a sleeve of a spindle of a machine tool through the inside of the clamper and closely contacting an inner peripheral surface of the clamper and an outer peripheral surface of the sleeve. It is characterized by that.

As a result, the axis of the clamper can coincide with the axis of the rotation axis of the machine tool, and the centering accuracy when the tool body and the adapter are fixedly integrated can be further improved.

  Further, in the cutting tool according to the present invention, a hole machining tool extending toward the distal end side along the axis is mounted on the tool body, and a cutting blade is disposed on the outer periphery of the distal end of the tool body. By cutting the inner wall surface of the prepared hole provided in advance in the work material to form a processed hole, the opening of the processed hole is cut by the cutting blade.

  As a result, it is possible to easily and promptly replace the tool body in the cutting tool for finishing the valve hole in the cylinder head of the engine and processing the opening of the valve hole into a predetermined shape.

  According to the cutting tool according to the present invention, the tool body can be attached to the machine tool with a simple operation by using an adapter, and the tool body can be easily and quickly replaced. It is possible to greatly reduce the time and labor required for exchanging the tool body, and it is possible to improve productivity.

Hereinafter, embodiments of a cutting tool of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a state in which a cutting tool according to an embodiment of the present invention is attached to a main spindle of a machine tool, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a rear end portion of a tool main body and an adapter front end portion.

  The cutting tool 11 is provided with a cutting insert 36 having a cutting edge 37 directed radially outward on the distal end side outer periphery, and is rotated around the axis O in the tool rotation direction T. An adapter 13 that is located on the end side (right side in FIG. 1) and whose rear end portion is connected to the main spindle 80 of the machine tool, and along the axis O toward the tool front end side (left side in FIG. 1) of the tool body 12. And a long reamer 14 as a hole drilling tool.

  The reamer 14 has a substantially columnar shape, and a cutting edge portion 14a is formed at a tip side portion thereof, and a rear end side portion thereof is a shank portion 14b.

  The tool body 12 has a multi-stage conical shape that extends along the axis O and has an outer diameter that increases from the front end side to the rear end side of the tool. On the tool rear end side of the portion 21, a fitting convex portion 22 having a substantially cylindrical shape with an outer diameter smaller than that of the body portion 21 is formed so as to extend along the axis O toward the tool rear end side. ing.

In addition, the outer peripheral side surface of the fitting convex portion 22 is a tapered side surface 22a that gradually decreases in diameter toward the tool rear end side about the axis O.
A step portion between the body portion 21 and the fitting convex portion 22 in the tool main body 12 is a tool main body rear end surface 21 a that is a flat surface perpendicular to the axis O.

  Further, the tool body 12 is provided with an inner peripheral recessed hole 23 that is a bottomed hole that is recessed in a circular cross section from the rear end side of the tool toward the front end side of the tool with the axis O as the center. A portion on the tool rear end side in the inner circumferential concave hole 23 is a clamper insertion hole 24 into which a distal end portion of a clamper 55 described later is inserted, and a portion on the tool front end side in the inner circumferential concave hole 23 has an inner diameter. The coupling member accommodation hole 25 is formed smaller than the clamper insertion hole 24 and accommodates a coupling member 30 described later.

  A first locked portion 26 that protrudes radially inward is provided at the opening edge of the inner circumferential recess 23, that is, the opening edge of the clamper insertion hole 24. In the first locked portion 26, a plurality of slits that are recessed from the radially inner side to the radially outer side until the same diameter as the clamper insertion hole 24 are arranged at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction, Thus, the inner diameter contour of the first locked portion 26 when viewed in the direction of the axis O is configured to have a petal shape.

  Further, the tool main body 12 is inserted with a shank portion 14b of the reamer 14 that extends along the axis O from the front end to the rear end side of the tool main body 12 and communicates with the inner peripheral recessed hole 23. A mounting hole 27 is provided, and a bush 15 into which the shank portion 14b of the reamer 14 is inserted is fitted into the mounting hole 27 and has a cylindrical shape.

  A coupling member 30 having a substantially cylindrical shape centered on the axis O is inserted into the coupling member accommodation hole 25 of the tool body 12 via a key member 35, and the coupling member 30 extends in the direction of the axis O. It is slidable and can rotate integrally with the tool body 12 around the axis O.

The tool rear end side of the inner peripheral hole of the coupling member 30 is a sleeve insertion hole 31 into which an intermediate sleeve 82 of a main shaft 80 of a machine tool to be described later is inserted.
A second locked portion 32 that protrudes radially inward is provided at the opening edge of the sleeve insertion hole 31 on the tool rear end side, and the second locked portion 32 has a radial direction. A plurality of slits that are recessed from the inner side toward the outer side in the radial direction until they have the same diameter as the sleeve insertion hole 31 are arranged at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction, whereby the second locked portion is viewed in the direction of the axis O. The outer diameter contour of is also configured to have a petal shape in the same manner as the first locked portion 26.

  Further, in the tool main body 12, the cutting insert 36 is provided at the distal end portion of the slide portion 33 that is slidably mounted along the generatrix of the conical surface constituting the tool main body 12.

  That is, a concave groove 34 extending along the generatrix is formed on the conical surface of the tool body 12, and the above-described slide portion 33 is disposed in the concave groove 34. Further, an engaging portion (not shown) extending along the generatrix is formed on the inner surface of the concave groove 34, and the outer surface of the slide portion 33 facing the inner surface of the concave groove 34 is engaged with the engaging portion. An engaged portion (not shown) is formed. Therefore, the slide portion 33 is slidably attached to the tool body 12 in a state where the engaging portion and the engaged portion are engaged.

  Further, a communication hole 34b that penetrates from the bottom surface 34a to the coupling member housing hole 25 is formed on the bottom surface 34a of the concave groove 34 in the tool body 12, and the slide portion 33 passes through the communication hole 34b. A connecting pin 33a protruding to the coupling member storage hole 25 is attached.

  And the slide part 33 and the coupling member 30 are connected by the front-end | tip of the connection pin 33a being inserted in the oblique hole 30a formed in the front end side of the coupling member 30. FIG. With this configuration, when the coupling member 30 is advanced and retracted along the axis O, the slide portion 33 slides along the concave groove 34 in conjunction with the advance and retract, and is attached thereto. The cutting insert 36 slides in a direction oblique to the axis O.

  The adapter 13 is connected to the distal end portion of the substantially cylindrical outer sleeve 81 of the main spindle 80 of the machine tool arranged coaxially on the rear end side thereof by being fastened by, for example, a bolt (not shown). The rotation of the sleeve 81 is transmitted to the adapter 13.

  The adapter 13 has a substantially cylindrical shape with the axis O as the center, and the end surface on the tool front end side is formed as a flat surface perpendicular to the axis O, and the tool main body rear end surface 21a of the tool main body 12 contacts with the adapter 13 described above. An adapter tip surface 41 is provided.

Further, a fitting portion 42 that is a substantially cylindrical protrusion centering on the axis O is formed on the rear end side of the adapter 13, and the fitting hole 5 formed in the tip portion of the outer peripheral sleeve 81 is formed. It is set as the structure fitted in 1a.

  Of the through hole 46 inside the adapter 13 having a substantially cylindrical shape, a portion located in the approximate center of the axis O direction is formed to have the smallest diameter, and a clamper 55, which will be described later, slidably contacts in the axis O direction. A contact inner peripheral surface 43 is provided.

  Further, the portion of the through-hole 46 of the adapter 13 on the tip end side of the tool that opens to the adapter tip end face 41 has a diameter one step larger than that of the sliding contact inner peripheral face 43 and is on the tip end side of the sliding contact inner peripheral face 43. In addition to being connected, the inner peripheral wall surface is a tapered inner peripheral wall 44a whose diameter gradually increases as it goes toward the tip of the tool, and a fitting recess 44 is formed. The fitting recess 44 is configured to be capable of taper fitting with the fitting protrusion 22 of the tool body 12.

  Further, a portion of the inner peripheral hole of the adapter 13 on the immediately rear end side of the sliding contact inner peripheral surface 43 has a one-step larger diameter than the sliding contact inner peripheral surface 43, and a ring gear storage hole in which the ring gear 50 can be stored. 45.

  The ring gear 50 is a gear having an annular shape with a rectangular cross section, and rotates around the axis O to move a clamper 55 (described later) forward and backward in the direction of the axis O. An adjustment gear 53 (described later) is disposed on the outer peripheral surface. Are formed, and a female screw portion 52 that is twisted around the axis O is formed on the inner peripheral surface. Further, the ring gear storage hole 45 is stored so that its center axis coincides with the center axis of the adapter 13 and can rotate relative to the adapter 13.

The adjustment gear 53 is a gear disposed so that the central axis thereof is parallel to the axis O and meshes with the gear teeth 51 on the outer peripheral surface of the ring gear 50, and extends to the adapter 13 in parallel with the axis O. And is integrally formed with an adjustment shaft 54 that is rotatably inserted and rotatably inserted. An adjustment hole 54a into which a work tool such as a hexagon wrench is fitted is formed at the tip of the adjustment shaft 54, and is exposed from the adapter tip surface 41 to the tool tip side.
In the tool body 12, a work tool insertion hole 28 that communicates from the tool front end side to the tool rear end side in parallel with the axis O is formed at a position corresponding to the adjustment hole 54 a of the adjustment shaft 54.

  In the through hole 46 of the adapter 13 as described above, a substantially cylindrical clamper 55 is formed so that the central axis thereof coincides with the axis O and penetrates the inner side of the ring gear 50 and the female screw portion. 52 so as to be screwed together.

  Of the outer peripheral side surface of the clamper 55, the vicinity of the substantially central portion in the axis O direction has the same diameter as the sliding contact inner peripheral surface 43 of the adapter 13, and the sliding contact with the sliding contact inner peripheral surface 43 in the axis O direction is possible. It is a contact outer peripheral surface 56.

  Further, a male screw portion 57 that is twisted in the direction of the axis O is provided on the rear end side of the sliding contact outer peripheral surface 56 on the outer peripheral side surface of the clamper 55. The male threaded portion 57 is screwed into the female threaded portion 52 formed on the inner peripheral surface of the ring gear 50 in the through hole 46 of the adapter, so that when the ring gear 50 is rotated around the axis O, The clamper 55 is configured to be able to advance and retract in the direction of the axis O as guided by the ring gear 50.

  Furthermore, a first locking portion 58 that protrudes radially outward is provided at the tip of the outer peripheral side surface of the clamper 55. In the first locking portion 58, a plurality of slits that are recessed from the radially outer side toward the radially inner side until they have the same diameter as the sliding contact outer peripheral surface 56 are disposed at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction. Accordingly, the shape of the first locking portion 58 in a front view is a petal shape having an outer diameter contour corresponding to the inner diameter contour of the first locked portion 26 of the tool body 12 described above.

  The first locked portion 26 and the first locking portion 58 are arranged so that the distal end portion of the clamper 55 is in a circumferential phase where the inner diameter contour and the outer diameter contour fit each other, that is, in a specific phase. It is formed so as to be detachable with respect to the clamper insertion hole 24 of the inner circumferential concave hole 23. On the other hand, in the state where the tip of the clamper 55 is inserted into the clamper insertion hole 24, when the engagement phase is rotated by a certain angle around the axis O from the specific phase, the first locked portion 26 and the first engagement portion 26 are engaged. The stopper 58 is formed so as to be engaged with the stopper 58 so that the tip end portion of the clamper 55 can be disengaged.

The inner peripheral surface of the clamper 55 is a centering inner peripheral surface 55a having a perfectly circular cross section, and is in sliding contact with the outer peripheral side surface of the intermediate sleeve 82, which will be described later. It is comprised so that an axis line may be made to correspond.
A key 85a extending in the direction of the axis O is attached to the outer peripheral side surface of the intermediate sleeve 82, and a key groove 59 that fits the key 85a is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the clamper 55. The sleeve 82 is prevented from rotating about the axis O, and can advance and retreat in the direction of the axis O.

  In the main spindle 80 of the machine tool positioned on the rear end side of the adapter 13 having the above-described configuration, as shown in FIG. The sleeve 82 and the inner peripheral sleeve 83 are arranged coaxially. The intermediate sleeve 82 and the inner peripheral sleeve 83 are integrated with the length in the direction of the axis O being substantially the same, and are disposed so as to protrude from the outer peripheral sleeve 81 toward the tool tip side.

  A portion of the outer peripheral side surface of the intermediate sleeve 82 that protrudes from the outer peripheral sleeve 81 toward the tool tip side is a centering outer peripheral surface 85 that is formed in a perfect circular shape so that the clamper 55 can be centered. .

  Further, a second locking portion 84 that protrudes outward in the radial direction is provided at the distal end portion of the small-diameter outer peripheral surface 86 that is connected to the distal end side of the centering outer peripheral surface 85 and has a small diameter. In the second locking portion 84, a plurality of slits that are recessed from the radially outer side toward the radially inner side are arranged at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction. Thereby, the shape of the second locking portion 84 in a front view is a petal shape having an outer diameter contour corresponding to the inner diameter contour of the second locked portion 32 of the coupling member 30.

Thus, the second engaged portion 3 2 and the second locking portion 84, like the relationship between the first engaged portion 26 and the first locking portion 58, by a specific phase or engagement phase It can be made detachable or non-detachable.

The inner peripheral sleeve 83 fitted on the inner peripheral side of the intermediate sleeve 82 is connectable to the shank portion 14b of the reamer 14, and the coupling member 30 is advanced and retracted as the intermediate sleeve 82 advances and retracts. By feeding the peripheral sleeve 83, feed is given to the reamer 14.
The intermediate sleeve 82 and the inner sleeve 83 can also be rotated integrally around the axis O by a key and a key groove, and can relatively advance and retreat in the direction of the axis O.

  The inner peripheral hole formed in the inner peripheral sleeve 83 includes a first hole 88 that opens toward the distal end surface, a second hole 89 that has a smaller diameter than the first hole 88, and the second hole 89. Further, the third hole 90 having a one-step smaller diameter is continuously provided. In the first hole 88, a tool rear end side portion of a nut member 92 having a gear 92a provided on the outer peripheral surface thereof is fitted.

    A collet chuck 94 for supporting the reamer 14 is inserted into the second hole 89. The collet chuck 94 includes a pair of chuck members 95 and 96 arranged so as to be vertically arranged in the direction of the axis O, and a collet 97 arranged inside the chuck members 95 and 96 in the radial direction.

The chuck members 95 and 96 are formed in a substantially cylindrical shape having an outer diameter that can be inserted into the second hole 89, and the chuck member 95 disposed on the tool front end side faces the tool rear end side of the nut member 92. brought into contact with the surface, together with the chuck member 9 6 arranged on the tool rear side is brought into contact with the bottom surface facing the tool end side of the second hole 89, in between the pair of chuck members 95 and 96 They are arranged at intervals in the direction of the axis O. Further, taper portions 95a and 96a are formed on the inner peripheral sides of these chuck members 95 and 96 so as to gradually increase in diameter toward the other chuck member 95 and 96 side.

  The collet 97 has a substantially cylindrical shape whose outer peripheral side is in close contact with the tapered portions 95a and 96a, and a plurality of slits along a plane including the central axis of the collet 97 are formed in the cylindrical wall portion. (Not shown) is formed, and the inner diameter of the collet 97 is reduced by bending the portion sandwiched between the slits radially inward with respect to the central axis. The shank portion 14 b of the reamer 14 is inserted into the inner peripheral side of the collet 97.

  Further, the tool main body 12 is provided with a moving member 38 that moves a nut member 92 arranged on the tool tip side of the collet chuck 94 so as to be movable forward and backward in the direction of the axis O. The moving member 38 has a cylindrical shape, and worm teeth 39 are formed on the outer periphery of the rear end side. The worm teeth 39 are engaged with the gear 92a of the nut member 92, and the nut member 92 is rotated by rotating the moving member 38. Can be moved in the direction of the axis O. Further, an adjustment hole 38 a into which a work tool such as a hexagon wrench is fitted is formed on the distal end side of the moving member 38 and is exposed from the conical surface of the tool body 12.

Next, a procedure for mounting the cutting tool 11 having the above configuration on the spindle 80 of the machine tool will be described.
First, mounting the fitting portion 42 of the rear end side of the adapter 13, by fitting the fitting hole 5 1a at the outer sleeve 81 of the machine tool spindle 80 coaxially to the adapter 13 to the spindle 80 of the machine tool.

At this time, the intermediate sleeve 82 of the main spindle 80 of the machine tool passes through the clamper 55 in the adapter 13, and the centering outer peripheral surface 85 of the intermediate sleeve 82 and the inner peripheral surface of the clamper 55 that are both formed into a perfect circular cross section are in close contact with each other. As a result, the clamper 55 is centered with high accuracy with respect to the intermediate sleeve 82. Thereby, each axis line of the main shaft 80 of the machine tool and the adapter 13 is matched with high accuracy.
When the adapter 13 is attached to the spindle 80 of the machine tool as described above, the intermediate sleeve 82 protrudes further toward the tool tip side than the adapter tip surface 41.

Subsequently, the tool body 12 is attached to the spindle 80 of the machine tool through the adapter 13 thus mounted.
In that case, first, the rear end side of the tool main body 12 faces the front end side of the adapter 13, and the front end portion of the clamper 55 in the adapter 13 can be inserted into the clamper insertion hole 24 of the tool main body 12 and the intermediate sleeve. The distal end portion of 82 is inserted into the sleeve insertion hole 31 in the coupling member 30 on the tool body 12 side. That is, the first locking portion 58 of the clamper 55 and the first locked portion 26 of the tool body 12, the second locking portion 84 of the intermediate sleeve 82, and the second locked portion 32 of the coupling member 30. The phase around the axis of the tool body 12 with respect to the adapter 13 is adjusted so that both are in a specific phase.
When the fitting convex portion 22 of the tool body 12 is taper-fitted to the fitting concave portion 44 of the adapter 13 while this engagement phase is maintained, the clamper 55 is inserted into the clamper insertion hole 24 and the intermediate sleeve. The tool main body 12 is attached to the adapter 13 with 82 being inserted into the sleeve insertion hole 31 .

  In such a state, when the tool body 12 is rotated relative to the adapter 13 by a certain angle, the first locking portion 58 of the clamper 55, the first locked portion 26 of the tool body 12, and the first of the intermediate sleeve 82 are moved. Both the two locking portions 84 and the second locked portion 32 of the coupling member 30 are in an engagement phase state in which they cannot be detached in the axial direction, whereby the tool body 12 and the clamper 55 are engaged in the axial O direction. The coupling member 30 and the intermediate sleeve 82 can be engaged in the direction of the axis O.

Then, a work tool such as a wrench is inserted from the work tool insertion hole 28 opened in the conical surface on the tip side of the tool body 12, and the adjustment hole of the adjustment shaft 54 at the communication location of the work tool insertion hole 28. When fitted and rotated in 54a, the adjustment gear 53 rotates, and the ring gear 50 meshing with the adjustment gear 53 rotates around the axis O.
Then, as shown in detail in FIG. 2, the clamper 55 screwed with the inner peripheral surface of the ring gear 50 is guided along the axis O by the ring gear 50. At this time, the slidable contact outer peripheral surface 56 of the clamper 55 and the slidable inner peripheral surface 43 of the adapter 13 are slidable so that the clamper 55 is moved smoothly. Therefore, the clamper 55 rotates the Ringugi Ya 50 to move the tool rear side, a first engaged portion 26 of the first locking portion 58 and the tool body 12 of the clamper 55 is engaged Accordingly, the tool body 12 moves so as to be pulled toward the rear end side of the tool.
Thereby, the tool main body 12 and the adapter 13 are firmly taper-fitted and fixed and integrated, and the attachment of the tool main body 12 to the adapter 13 is completed.

  Next, a procedure for mounting the reamer 14 in a state where the tool body 12 is attached to the adapter 13 will be described. First, the shank portion 14 b side of the reamer 14 is inserted into the bush 15 from the distal end side of the tool main body 12 to reach the inner peripheral sleeve 83. At this time, with the inner diameter of the collet 97 enlarged, the shank portion 14b of the reamer 14 is inserted into the nut member 92 and the collet 97, and the moving member 38 is used with a work tool such as a hexagon wrench. The nut member 92 is moved to the tool rear end side by rotating. Then, the surface of the nut member 92 facing the tool rear end side presses the chuck members 95 and 96, and the collet 97 is deformed so that the inner diameter thereof is reduced, thereby supporting the shank portion 14b of the reamer 14. Become. Then, the swinging out of the reamer 14 is adjusted by an adjusting screw (not shown), and the mounting operation of the reamer 14 is completed.

  The mounting operation of the tool body 12 and the reamer 14 is completed as described above, the tool body 12 is rotated in the tool rotation direction T around the axis O, and the feed toward the front end side in the axis O direction is given, whereby the cutting edge of the reamer 14 is obtained. The portion 14a, for example, processes a pilot hole made of a valve hole in a cylinder head of an engine to a predetermined inner diameter, and a cutting blade 37 of a cutting insert 36 processes a valve seat surface in which the valve head abuts the opening of the valve hole. To do.

  When removing the tool body 12 from the adapter 13, first, the clamper 55 is moved to the tip side by rotating the adjustment gear 53 in the direction opposite to the direction when the tool body 12 is mounted. As a result, the tool main body 12 is separated from the adapter 13 in the tool tip direction, and the integration of the tool main body 12 and the adapter 13 is released. Further, by rotating the tool body 12 relative to the adapter 13, the first locking portion 58 of the clamper 55 and the first locked portion 26 of the tool body 12, the second locking portion 84 of the intermediate sleeve 82, The tool body 12 is separated from the adapter 13 by bringing the second locked portion 32 of the coupling member 30 into the engaging phase.

As described above, according to the cutting tool 11 of the present embodiment, the adapter 13 having the clamper 55 having the above-described configuration is interposed between the spindle 80 of the machine tool and the tool main body 12, thereby simplifying the operation. The tool body 12 can be firmly attached to the adapter 13 and can be easily and quickly replaced.
For this reason, as described above, the pilot seat consisting of the valve hole in the cylinder head of the engine is machined to a predetermined inner diameter, and the cutting blade 37 of the cutting insert 36 is in contact with the valve head at the opening of the valve hole. Even in the case of the cutting tool 11 having a complicated structure such as a cutting tool for processing a surface, the working efficiency can be improved without impairing the processing performance.

  Moreover, the fitting convex part 22 of the tool main body 12 and the fitting concave part 44 of the adapter 13 are taper-fitted, so that the center axes of the tool main body 12 and the adapter 13 are made to coincide with each other, and centering is performed with high accuracy. Can be done. In addition, since the spindle 80 and the adapter 13 of the machine tool are centered with high accuracy by the close contact between the centering outer peripheral surface 85 and the centering inner peripheral surface 55a, the cutting tool 11 and the main spindle 80 of the machine tool. As a whole, the axes coincide with each other accurately, and the machining accuracy can be improved.

  Note that the shapes, combinations, operation procedures, and the like of the constituent members shown in the above-described embodiments are merely examples, and various changes can be made based on design requirements and the like without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

It is a sectional side view showing the state where the cutting tool concerning one embodiment of the present invention was attached to the main axis of a machine tool. It is an enlarged view of the rear end part of a tool main body, and an adapter front-end | tip part.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Cutting tool 12 Tool main body 13 Adapter 22 Fitting convex part 22a Tapered side surface 24 Clamper insertion hole 25 Coupling member accommodation hole 26 First to-be-latched part (latched part)
36 cutting insert 37 cutting edge 44 fitting recess 44a taper inner peripheral wall 45 ring gear housing hole 46 through hole 50 ring gear 51 gear tooth 52 female screw part 53 adjusting gear 55 clamper 55a centering inner peripheral face 57 male screw part 58 first locking Part (locking part)
80 Machine tool spindles

Claims (4)

A cutting tool having a tool body rotated about an axis, the rear end of the tool body being attached to a machine tool via an adapter,
The adapter has a substantially cylindrical shape having a through hole along the axis, and a fitting recess is formed at a tip opening of the through hole, and a substantially cylindrical clamper is formed in the through hole. It is stored so that it can advance and retreat in the axial direction with respect to the adapter,
The tool body is provided with a fitting convex portion that can be fitted with the fitting concave portion at a rear end portion thereof, and is formed with a clamper insertion hole into which a tip portion of the clamper can be inserted,
A locking portion is provided on the outer periphery of the tip end portion of the clamper, and a locked portion is provided on the inner periphery of the opening edge of the clamper insertion hole. The locking portion and the locked portion are configured such that the tool body is attached to the clamper. On the other hand, when it is in a specific phase around the axis, it can be engaged and disengaged in the axial direction, and in an engagement phase rotated relative to the specific phase by a certain angle, it can be engaged in the axial direction.
A male screw part is formed on the outer peripheral side surface of the clamper,
A ring gear having an inner peripheral surface formed with an internal thread portion screwed with the male screw portion and an outer peripheral surface formed with gear teeth, meshed with the gear teeth of the ring gear, and rotated from the outside of the adapter; Possible adjustment gears ,
The adjustment gear is disposed so that a central axis thereof is parallel to the axis, and an adjustment hole that is integrally formed with the adjustment gear is formed with an adjustment hole that is exposed from the adapter tip surface to the tool tip side.
The tool body has a working tool insertion hole that communicates from the tool front end side to the tool rear end side in parallel with the axis at a position corresponding to the adjustment hole of the adjustment shaft in the engagement phase state. and cutting tool, characterized in that are. The fitting convex portion has a tapered side surface that is reduced in diameter toward the distal end side of the fitting convex portion around the axis.
The cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein the fitting recess has a tapered inner peripheral wall surface that fits with the tapered side surface.   2. The clamper is centered by inserting a sleeve of a spindle of a machine tool through the inside of the clamper and bringing the inner peripheral surface of the clamper into close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve. The cutting tool according to 2 A hole cutting tool extending to the tip side along the axis is mounted on the tool body, and a cutting blade is disposed on the outer periphery of the tip of the tool body,
An inner wall surface of a prepared hole previously provided in a work material is cut by the hole machining tool to form a machining hole, and the opening of the machining hole is cut by the cutting blade. Item 4. The cutting tool according to any one of Items 1 to 3.

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