JP3071016B2 - Combined processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a first processing portion requiring extremely strict concentric accuracy, for example, a re-processing of a valve seat surface and a reaming of a valve stem guide hole in a cylinder head of an automobile engine. The present invention relates to a multi-tasking machine configured to separately machine and a second machining point by using different kinds of tools provided on the same spindle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional multi-tasking machines of this type include:
For example, a configuration as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-271613 is known.

In this conventional structure, a hollow main shaft is rotatably supported by a processing head, and a cutting tool for re-processing a valve seat surface is attached to a tip of the main shaft via a holder. A spindle drive motor is operatively connected to the end. A sleeve is concentrically inserted into the main shaft so as to be integrally rotatable and relatively movable in the axial direction, and a tip holder is operatively connected to a tool holder, and a base end is operatively connected to a tool feed cylinder. ing. A rod is inserted into the sleeve concentrically so as to be integrally rotatable and relatively movable in the axial direction, and a reamer for reaming the valve stem guide hole is attached to a tip of the rod via a holding body. A reamer feed motor is operatively connected to the base end via a feed screw or the like.

When the cylinder head of the engine is machined, as shown in a time chart of FIG. 7, first, the spindle is rotated at a low speed by a spindle drive motor, and the spindle is rotated at a low speed through a sleeve by a byte feed cylinder. Then, the valve seat surface is reprocessed. After the re-processing, the rotation of the spindle driving motor is switched from low speed to high speed, and the rotation of the main shaft is accelerated to a speed suitable for reaming. The reamer feed motor is started simultaneously with the start of the speed change of the spindle drive motor, and the feed speed is increased in synchronization with the rotation speed of the spindle drive motor. The feed is given, and the reaming of the valve stem guide hole is performed.

[0005]

However, in this conventional multi-tasking machine, the reaming process is started by activating the reaming motor after the resuming process is completed. There is a problem that the total machining time T2 required from the start of the reaming to the end of the reaming becomes long.

[0006] The present invention has been made in view of the problems existing in such a conventional technique, and an object thereof is to simultaneously perform the machining of the first machining portion by the first tool, An object of the present invention is to provide a combined machining apparatus that can also start machining of a second machining point by a second tool and reduce the total machining time required from the start of machining of both machining points to the end of machining.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a first tool and a second tool whose radial positions are different from each other with respect to the rotation axis of a main shaft are used to form a first processing portion and a first tool. In a combined machining apparatus that individually performs machining by changing the rotation speed of a spindle at two machining locations, a spindle drive unit that switches between the low-speed rotation for the first tool and the high-speed rotation for the second tool to rotate the spindle. First feed means for relatively feeding the first tool at a low speed, second feed means for relatively feeding the second tool by switching between a low speed and a high speed corresponding to the rotation speed of the spindle, and the spindle drive The first feed means and the second feed means are operated at a low speed at the same time as the low speed rotation of the means is started, and after the machining by the first tool is completed, the second feed means is synchronized with the switching of the spindle drive means from the low speed rotation to the high speed rotation. Is the feeding means low speed? It is provided with a control means for controlling to switch to high speed feeding.

[0008]

[Operation] When performing machining in the multi-tasking machine configured as described above, first, the spindle is rotated at a low speed suitable for machining the first tool by the spindle drive means.
The first feed means is operated at a low speed feed, and the first processing is performed by the first tool. At this time, with the start of rotation of the spindle drive means, the second feed means also starts operating at low speed, and the processing of the second processing location by the second tool is started at low speed.

When the machining of the first machining point is completed, the spindle driving means is switched from the low-speed rotation to the high-speed rotation suitable for machining the second tool, and the second feed means is also operated at a low speed in synchronization with the switching of the rotation. Switching from feed to high speed feed. For this reason, while the feed amount per unit rotation of the second tool is kept constant, the feed amount is increased with an increase in the rotation speed, and the second tool performs the processing of the second processing location at a high speed. .

[0010]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a multi-tasking machine embodying the present invention;

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the processing head 1
Has a head main body 2, in which a hollow main shaft 3 is rotatably supported via a bearing 4.
The tool head 5 is fixed to the tip of the spindle 3 by a screw 6,
A pair of roughing chips 7 and 8 are provided on the outer periphery of the tip, and an inclined accommodation groove 9 is formed on the front surface. The tool holder 10 is slidably housed in the housing groove 9, and a tool 11 as a first tool is attached to the tip of the tool holder 10.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, when the entire machining head 1 is moved toward a cylinder head C as a workpiece by a feed unit (not shown) while the main shaft 3 is rotated, rough machining is performed. The valve chips 7 and 8 are used to roughly process the valve seat surface S as a first processing portion into a substantially conical shape. After that, while the main shaft 3 is rotated,
When the tool holder 10 is slid toward the center of rotation of the main shaft 3 in the accommodation groove 9, the valve seat surface S is finished in a conical shape by the tool 11.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
Is inserted concentrically into the main shaft 3 so as to be integrally rotatable and relatively movable in the axial direction.
An engagement body 14 that engages with the zero engagement hole 13 is fixed by a screw 15. The spring 16 is connected to the pin 1 in the tool head 5.
The sleeve 12 is interposed between the sleeve 7 and the sleeve 12, and the spring 12 urges the sleeve 12 to move toward the base end, so that the bite holder 10 is held at the outer end position of the accommodation groove 9. When the sleeve 12 is moved toward the distal end against the urging force of the spring 16, the bite holder 10 slides along the inclined surface of the accommodation groove 9 toward the rotation center of the main shaft 3 via the engagement body 14. Is done.

A rod 18 is concentrically inserted into the sleeve 12 so as to be integrally rotatable and relatively movable in the axial direction, and a collet chuck 19 is provided at the end thereof. The reamer 20 as the second tool is inserted into the guide bush 21 of the tool head 5 so that the reamer 20 is disposed at a different radial position from the turning tool 11 with respect to the rotation axis of the main shaft 3. It is connected to. Then, when the rod 18 is moved toward the distal end while the main shaft 3 is rotated, the inner surface finishing of the valve stem guide hole G as the second processing location is performed by the reamer 20.

As shown in FIG. 1, a main shaft rotating motor 22 constituting the main shaft driving means is disposed to face the base end of the main shaft 3, and this motor 22 causes a gear transmission mechanism 23 including gears 24 and 25. The main shaft 3 is driven to rotate via the.
An AC inverter motor is used as the spindle rotation motor 22. The motor is switched between low-speed rotation suitable for processing the cutting tool 11 and high-speed rotation suitable for processing the reamer 20 by well-known frequency conversion or the like. It has become so.

A byte feed motor 26, which is a stepping motor as a first feed means, is disposed to face the base end of the sleeve 12. The rotation of the motor 26 causes the feed screw 27, the nut 28, and the operating body 29 to rotate. The sleeve 12 is moved in the axial direction via the rotary sleeve 30 and feed is applied to the cutting tool 11. A reamer feed motor 31 composed of a step motor as a second feed means is disposed to face the base end of the rod 18, and the rotation of the motor 31 causes the feed screw 32, the nut 33, the operating body 34, and the rotating sleeve 35 to rotate. , The rod 18 is moved in the axial direction, and feed is given to the reamer 20.

The rotation sensor 36 is a motor for rotating the spindle 2.
When the motor 22 is rotated, the rotation sensor 36 outputs a rotation speed detection signal. The control circuit 37 constituting the control means includes the motors 22, 2
The control circuit 37 controls the rotation of each of the motors 22, 26, 31.

The details of the control circuit 37 will now be described with reference to FIG.
PU) 41, a read-only memory (ROM) 42,
A readable and writable memory (RAM) 43. The ROM 42 stores programs and the like for controlling the operation of the entire apparatus. The RAM 43 stores low-speed and high-speed rotation data of the spindle rotation motor 22, low-speed transmission data of the byte feed motor 26, and low-speed and high-speed feed data of the reamer feed motor 31.

An input signal from an input unit 44 having a rotation speed setting key, a start key, and the like, and a detection signal from a rotation sensor 36 are input to the CPU 41 via an input interface 45. The CPU 41 sends an output interface 46 to the spindle rotation motor 22, the byte feed motor 26, and the reamer feed motor 31.
And drive and stop signals are output via the drive circuits 47 to 49.

Then, as shown in the time chart of FIG. 6, the CPU 41 rotates the spindle rotation motor 22 at a low speed and operates the bite feed motor 26 at a low speed feed. When performing the re-machining process, the spindle rotating motor 22
Simultaneously with the start of rotation, the reamer feed motor 31 is also operated at a low speed, and the reaming of the valve stem guide hole G by the reamer 20 is started at a low speed.

As shown in FIG. 4, the CPU 41 moves the cutting tool 11 to the point P when the valve seat surface S is processed, and when the processing is substantially completed, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the rotation of the spindle motor 22 is switched from low-speed rotation to high-speed rotation, and the rotation of the motor 22 is controlled based on the detection signal from the rotation sensor 36 so that the feed amount per unit rotation of the reamer 20 is constant. Synchronizing with the change, the reaming motor 3
1 operation was changed from low-speed feed to high-speed feed.
To perform reaming of the valve stem guide hole G at a high speed.

Next, the operation of the multi-tasking machine configured as described above will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 5 and FIG. In this combined machining apparatus, the valve seat surface S of the cylinder head C is roughly machined into a substantially conical shape by the rough machining tips 7 and 8 by the advance of the machining head 1, and then the head 1 is stopped at a predetermined position. When the finishing of the valve seat surface S and the finishing of the inner surface of the valve stem guide hole G are performed, the spindle 3 is rotated by the spindle rotating motor 22.
Is rotated at a low speed, and is maintained at a predetermined low speed based on a detection signal from the rotation sensor 36 (steps S1 and S2). At the same time, the cutting tool 11 is operated at low speed by the cutting tool feeding motor 26, and the valve seat surface S is finished by the cutting tool 11 (step S3). At the same time as the rotation of the spindle rotation motor 22 starts, the reamer feed motor 31
Is also operated at a low speed, and the inner surface finishing of the valve stem guide hole G by the reamer 20 is started at a low speed (step S4). At this time, the feed amount of the reamer 22 is set based on the detection signal from the rotation sensor 36 in accordance with the rotation speed of the main shaft rotation motor 22 so that the feed amount per unit rotation of the reamer 20 is constant.

In step S5, it is determined whether or not the re-processing has been completed. If YES, the rotation of the spindle 3 by the spindle rotation motor 22 is switched from low speed to high speed in step S6, and the rotation sensor 36 Is maintained at a high speed set in advance based on the detection signal from. Further, at the time when the cutting tool 11 comes off the seat surface S with the completion of the processing of the valve seat surface S, the cutting tool feeding motor 26 is stopped.

When the rotation of the spindle 3 is switched, the feed amount per unit rotation of the reamer 20 is fixed.
Based on the detection signal from the rotation sensor 36, the operation of the reamer feed motor 31 is changed from the low-speed feed to the high-speed feed in synchronization with the rotation change of the motor 22, and the valve stem guide hole G is moved at a high speed by the reamer 20 to the inner surface. Finishing is performed (step S7). Then, in step S8, it is determined whether or not the processing of the guide hole 8 by the reamer 20 is completed. If YES, the processing head 1 is retracted by the feed unit (not shown), and the bite motor 26 and the reamer feed are performed. Motor 31 is rotated in the reverse direction, and the cutting tool 11 and the reamer 20 are returned to their original positions (steps S9, S1)
0).

Therefore, according to the combined machining apparatus of this embodiment, the machining of the valve stem guide hole G by the reamer 20 can be started at a low speed at the same time as the machining of the valve seat surface S by the cutting tool 11 is started. After finishing the processing of the valve seat surface S by 11, compared with the conventional processing apparatus in which the processing of the valve stem guide hole G by the reamer 20 has been started, the processing from the start of processing of both processing locations S and G to the end of processing. The total processing time T1 (see FIG. 6) required for the above can be greatly reduced.

The present invention is not limited to the structure of the above-described embodiment. For example, the structure of the spindle drive means, the first feed means and the second feed means may be appropriately changed, and the present invention may be applied to a cylinder head. The configuration of each part can be arbitrarily changed and embodied without departing from the gist of the present invention, such as by processing a workpiece different from C.

[0027]

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, the machining of the first machining point by the first tool and the machining of the second machining point by the second tool also start simultaneously. There is an excellent effect that the total processing time required from the start of processing to the processing end of the processing location can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a combined machining apparatus embodying the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an enlarged configuration of the processing head.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view for explaining a re-processing of a valve seat surface by a roughing tip and a cutting tool;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a control circuit of the combined machining apparatus.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an operation of a recessing process of a valve seat surface and a reaming process of a valve stem guide hole.

FIG. 6 is a time chart showing the relationship between the spindle rotation, the bite feed, and the reamer feed in the combined machining apparatus of this embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a time chart showing the relationship between spindle rotation, bite feed, and reamer feed in a conventional multi-tasking machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

3 spindle, 11 bite as first tool, 12 sleeve, 18 rod, 20 reamer as 2nd tool,
22 Spindle rotation motor as spindle drive means, 26
Byte feed motor as first feed means, 31 second
Reaming motor as feed means, 37 control circuit as control means, valve seat surface as S first processing location, valve stem guide hole as G second processing location.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B23B 41/12 B23B 41/00 B23B 47/02 B23Q 15/00

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A composite in which a first tool and a second tool having different radial positions with respect to a rotation axis of a main spindle individually process the first processing location and the second processing location by changing the rotation speed of the main spindle. In the processing apparatus, a spindle drive unit that switches between the low-speed rotation for the first tool and the high-speed rotation for the second tool to rotationally drive the spindle, and a first feed unit that relatively feeds the first tool at a low speed. A second feed means for switching the second tool between a low speed and a high speed corresponding to a rotation speed of a main spindle and relatively feeding the same; and a first feed means and a second feed means together with the start of the low speed rotation of the main spindle drive means. And a control means for controlling the second feed means to switch from the low-speed feed to the high-speed feed in synchronization with the switching of the spindle drive means from the low-speed feed to the high-speed feed after the machining by the first tool is completed. Established Combined machining apparatus according to claim and.