JP4721894B2 - Cutting device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a cutting apparatus having a spindle that rotates while holding a rotary tool holder having a tool such as a boring tool, a drill, and an end mill, such as a machining center, and in particular, a rotation center axis (spindle axis). ), A cutting device capable of using a turning tool holder configured to cut and feed a tool in a direction orthogonal to the radial direction, that is, in a radial direction.

  Conventionally, in addition to a rotary tool holder having tools such as ordinary boring tools and drills, a turning tool holder configured to be able to cut and feed tools such as tools in the radial direction perpendicular to the spindle axis line while the spindle is rotating. There is known a cutting apparatus such as Patent Document 1 that can also use a (cutting feed and rotating tool holder).

  This infeed / rotary tool holder has an infeed drive shaft that is rotationally driven to infeed a tool such as a cutting tool. In the longitudinal direction in the main shaft of the cutting apparatus, a connecting shaft is provided for connecting the cutting feed drive shaft and rotating the cutting feed drive shaft. The connection between the cutting feed drive shaft and the connecting shaft can be released. Further, the rear end of the connecting shaft is supported by a bearing.

The connecting shaft is movable by a cylinder mechanism before and after the longitudinal direction of the main shaft. Further, this cutting apparatus is provided with a cutting feed drive servomotor for driving the cutting feed drive shaft so as to be connectable to the connecting shaft via a gear. The connecting shaft and the main shaft can be connected by a connecting mechanism.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 15-326405

  In the above-described cutting apparatus, when performing turning or the like by mounting a cutting feed and rotating tool holder, the connecting shaft is advanced by a cylinder mechanism to connect the connecting shaft and the cutting feed drive shaft. The infeed feed drive servomotor is connected to the connecting shaft through a gear. The connection between the connecting shaft and the main shaft is released.

  The main shaft is rotationally driven by a main shaft motor, and the infeed feed drive shaft is rotationally driven at a speed different from that of the main shaft via a connecting shaft by a infeed feed servomotor. Thereby, in a cutting apparatus, turning etc. can be performed, cutting and feeding tools, such as a cutting tool.

  On the other hand, in the above-described cutting apparatus, when a normal rotary tool holder is mounted to perform milling, drilling, etc., the connecting shaft is retracted by the cylinder mechanism, and the cutting feed driving servomotor and the connecting shaft are Unlink and disconnect. Then, the connecting shaft and the main shaft are connected by a connecting mechanism.

  The main shaft is rotationally driven by a main shaft motor, and the connecting shaft connected to the main shaft rotates together with the main shaft. Thereby, milling, drilling, and the like can be performed in the cutting apparatus.

  However, in this cutting apparatus, since the main shaft and the connecting shaft are connected by a connecting mechanism and rotated together at a high speed, relatively large noise, vibration, and the like may occur.

  In addition, since this cutting device is provided with a coupling mechanism for connecting the main shaft and the coupling shaft, the structure becomes complicated, the assembly work of the device becomes difficult, and phase adjustment and the like in the coupling mechanism are also required. Or in case of a power failure, it was difficult to restore.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a cutting apparatus capable of reducing vibration and noise associated with rotation of a main shaft when a rotary tool holder is mounted.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a cutting device that can be easily structured and facilitate assembly work and can be easily restored in the event of an emergency stop or power failure.

In order to achieve the above object, the cutting device of the present invention comprises:
A rotary tool holder or a cutting tool / rotating tool holder having a cutting feed drive shaft and capable of cutting and feeding a tool in a direction perpendicular to the rotation center axis by rotating the cutting feed drive shaft. A rotatable spindle that is detachably held;
A hollow portion of the main shaft, a part of which is inserted concentrically with the main shaft, is arranged so as not to contact the main shaft and parts rotating together with the main shaft, and is releasably connected to the drive shaft for cutting feed and is rotatable. A connected body,
A support device for supporting the connector;
When the rotary tool holder is mounted on the main shaft, the connecting body is moved to the opposite side of the rotary tool holder side, and when the cutting and rotating tool holder is mounted on the main shaft, the connecting body is moved. Moving to the cutting and rotating tool holder side, coupled to the cutting feed drive shaft, and a connecting body moving device that is rotatable.
A bearing rotatably supporting the coupling body;
A servo motor for driving the cutting feed that rotates the driving shaft for the cutting feed via the coupling body;
A gear mechanism having a drive gear provided on a rotating shaft of the drive servomotor and a coupling body gear provided on the coupling body, which is in meshing relation with the drive gear;
With
When the rotary tool holder is mounted on the main shaft, the rotation axis of the servo motor for driving the infeed feed is locked, and when the infeed / rotary tool holder is mounted on the main shaft. , Transmitting the rotational power to the coupling body through the gear mechanism,
The spindle can be rotated independently of the coupling body when the rotary tool holder is mounted on the spindle.
Wherein the coupling element has a plurality, supported by bushings provided in the axial end of the coupling body at least in the support device, Ri movable der independently of the main shaft by said coupling member moving device, from the bearing Is also arranged on the rotary tool holder side or the cutting feed and rotary tool holder side,
The support device includes a piston including the bush therein, and a cylinder that moves the piston in an axial direction of the coupling body,
A chuck mechanism for clamping or unclamping the rotary tool holder or the cutting feed / rotary tool holder to the main shaft by moving the piston of the support device in the axial direction of the coupling body; To do.

Further, the drive gear and the coupling body gear are meshed between the driving gear and the coupling body gear in any case where the rotary tool holder or the infeed / rotary tool holder is mounted on the main shaft. You may make it arrange | position so that a relationship may be maintained.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the cutting device which can reduce the vibration and noise accompanying rotation of a main axis | shaft at the time of mounting | wearing a rotary tool holder can be provided.

  In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a cutting apparatus that has a simple structure, facilitates assembly work, and facilitates restoration in the event of an emergency stop or power failure.

  A cutting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a cutting apparatus equipped with a normal rotary tool holder, and FIG. 2 shows a cutting apparatus equipped with a cutting feed / rotary tool holder. A cutting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is a numerically controlled machine tool such as a machining center.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cutting apparatus 10 includes an apparatus main body 11, a main shaft 12 that is rotatably held in the apparatus main body 11, and a rotary tool holder 13 that is detachably attached to the tip of the main shaft 12. (FIG. 1) or a cutting feed / rotary tool holder 23 (FIG. 2), a connecting shaft 14 which is a releasably connected connecting shaft 23a of the cutting feed / rotating tool holder 23, and a main shaft 12 Are provided, and a spindle motor 15 for rotationally driving the servomotor 16 and a servomotor 16 for driving the cutting feed for rotating the driving shaft 23a for cutting through the connecting shaft 14 are provided.

  The main shaft 12 is for rotating the rotary tool holder 13 or the infeed / rotary tool holder 23 by being driven to rotate. It is made of a hollow cylindrical member, and a tapered receiving surface 12a for mounting the rotary tool holder 13 or the infeed / rotary tool holder 23 is formed at the tip. A chuck mechanism 12 b for fixing the rotary tool holder 13 or the infeed / rotary tool holder 23 to the main shaft 12 is provided in the hollow portion of the main shaft 12. The main shaft 12 is rotatably supported by a plurality of bearings 21.

  The rotary tool holder 13 is a rotary tool holder for performing milling, drilling, and the like. The rotary tool holder 13 holds a tool 13a such as a boring tool, a drill, and an end mill, and a rotary tool holder having a tapered outer peripheral surface so as to be fitted to the tapered receiving surface 12a of the main shaft 12. And a body 13b.

  The cutting feed / rotary tool holder 23 is a turning tool holder for performing a turning process and the like, and can cut and feed a tool in a direction perpendicular to the rotation center axis (spindle axis), that is, in the radial direction (arrow direction in FIG. 2). It is a turning tool holder. The infeed / rotary tool holder 23 holds a tool 23b such as a cutting tool and the tool 23b, and has a tapered outer peripheral surface so as to be fitted to the tapered receiving surface 12a of the main shaft 12. In the direction orthogonal to the central axis of the holding body 23c, the cutting feed drive shaft 23a arranged to be rotatable in the central axis direction of the cutting feed / rotary tool holding body 23c, and the cutting feed / rotary tool holding body 23c. The screw shaft 23e to which the rotation of the cutting feed drive shaft 23a is transmitted by the gear train 23d and the tool 23b are fixed and meshed with the screw shaft 23e in a direction perpendicular to the rotation center axis. The movable body 23f is movable. The rotation of the cutting feed drive shaft 23a is converted into movement in a direction perpendicular to the rotation center axis of the tool 23b via the gear train 23d, the screw shaft 23e, and the moving body 23f.

  The connecting shaft 14 transmits the rotational drive of the cutting feed drive servomotor 16 to the cutting feed drive shaft 23a. A groove 14 a is formed at the tip of the connecting shaft 14. The rear end of the cutting feed drive shaft 23 a is formed as a protrusion 231 a so as to be fitted into the groove 14 a of the connecting shaft 14. The groove 14a of the connecting shaft 14 and the protrusion 231a of the cutting feed driving shaft 23a are connected by fitting, and the connection is released by releasing the fitting.

  The front side (rotating tool holder 13 and the like) portion of the connecting shaft 14 is concentrically disposed in the hollow portion of the main shaft 12 so that the rotation center axis is a concentric shaft. 12 are arranged so as not to contact with each other, including components that rotate with the main shaft 12.

  A bearing 24 is attached to the rear end of the connecting shaft 14. The bearing 24 rotatably supports the rear end of the connecting shaft 14. A cylindrical body 25 is fixed to the rear end of the connecting shaft 14 via a bearing 24. The cylindrical body 25 is configured to be movable in the axial direction with respect to the guide sleeve 26 fixed to the apparatus main body 11.

  The spindle motor 15 and the cutting feed drive servomotor 16 are connected to a numerical control device (not shown), respectively, and controlled to rotate at a predetermined speed ratio or to rotate synchronously.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cutting device 10 includes a cylinder mechanism 17 that is a connecting body moving device that moves the connecting shaft 14 back and forth in the longitudinal direction of the main shaft 12, and a servomotor 16 for driving the cutting feed. And a support mechanism 20 that can support the connection shaft 14 via two bushes 19.

  The cylinder mechanism 17 is configured by an air cylinder or the like. The cylinder mechanism 17 is connected to a cylindrical body 25 fixed to the rear end of the connecting shaft 14. When the cutting feed / rotary tool holder 23 is attached to the cutting apparatus 10, the cylinder mechanism 17 moves the connecting shaft 14 forward so that the groove 14a of the connecting shaft 14 and the drive shaft 23a for cutting feed are connected. The protrusion 231a is fitted and connected. If the connecting shaft 14 is moved to the rear side, the connection between the groove 14a of the connecting shaft 14 and the protrusion 231a of the cutting feed driving shaft 23a is released. That is, the connecting shaft 14 can be moved independently by the cylinder mechanism 17 without being restrained by the main shaft 12.

  The gear mechanism 18 includes a first gear 18b formed on a gear shaft 18a fixed to the rear end of the connecting shaft 14, a drive gear 18c fixed to the rotating shaft 16a of the infeed feed servomotor 16, and a connecting shaft. 14 and a second gear 18d which is attached to a gear shaft 22 provided in parallel with the first gear 18 and meshes with the first gear 18b and the drive gear 18c.

  Even if the connecting shaft 14 is moved back and forth in the axial direction by the cylinder mechanism 17, the first gear 18b and the second gear 18d formed on the gear shaft 18a are not disengaged from each other.

  The support mechanism 20 includes a piston 20a and a cylinder 20c. The piston 20a is movable in the axial direction of the connecting shaft 14 by a cylinder 20c. When the piston 20a moves back and forth in the axial direction of the connecting shaft 14, the rotary tool holder 13 or the infeed / rotary tool holder 23 is clamped or unclamped by the chuck mechanism 12b. The two bushes 19 are cylindrical bearings, and are fitted and fixed at a predetermined interval in front of the bearing 24 of the connecting shaft 14. These two bushes 19 support the connecting shaft 14.

  Next, a method for cutting a workpiece with such a cutting apparatus 10 will be described.

  When a normal rotary tool holder 13 equipped with a tool 13a such as a boring tool, a drill, an end mill, etc. is mounted on the spindle 12 of the cutting apparatus 10, the workpiece is milled, drilled, etc. 1, the connecting shaft 14 is moved rearward by the cylinder mechanism 17. Further, the rotary shaft 16a of the cutting feed driving servomotor 16 is locked so as not to rotate. Even in this state, the engagement between the first gear 18b and the second gear 18d formed on the gear shaft 18a of the connecting shaft 14 is not disengaged.

  When the spindle 12 is rotated at a high speed by the spindle motor 15, the workpiece can be milled by a tool 13 a such as a boring tool, a drill, or an end mill.

  The connecting shaft 14 is not connected to the main shaft 12, is not in contact with the main shaft 12, and is connected to the rotary shaft 16 a of the locked cutting feed driving servomotor 16 via a gear mechanism 18. In order to be stationary. The connecting shaft 14 is supported by the support mechanism 20 via the bush 19, and the rear end is supported by the bearing 24.

  On the other hand, when the cutting feed / rotary tool holder 23 equipped with a tool 23b such as a cutting tool is attached to the spindle 12 of the cutting apparatus 10 to perform a turning operation or the like of the workpiece, FIG. As shown in FIG. 2 (a), the connecting shaft 14 is moved to the front side by the cylinder mechanism 17 to fit the groove 14a of the connecting shaft 14 and the protrusion 231a of the cutting feed driving shaft 23a. The connecting shaft 14 and the infeed feed driving shaft 23a are connected, and the first gear 18b and the second gear 18d formed on the gear shaft 18a of the connecting shaft 14 are not partly engaged but substantially entirely engaged. Like that.

  Then, when the main shaft 12 is rotationally driven by the main shaft motor 15 and the cutting feed driving shaft 23a is rotationally driven by the cutting feed driving servo motor 16 through the connecting shaft 14 at a speed obtained by increasing or decreasing the rotational speed of the main shaft 12, The workpiece can be turned while the tool 23b such as a cutting tool is cut and fed. In addition, when it is desired to perform cutting without performing cutting feed, the spindle motor 15 and the cutting feed drive servo motor 16 may be rotated synchronously and rotated in the same direction at the same rotational speed.

  As described above, in the cutting apparatus according to the present embodiment, when the normal rotary tool holder 13 is mounted and the workpiece is milled, the connecting shaft 14 is not rotated even if the spindle 12 rotates at high speed. Since it was made not to rotate, noise, vibration, etc. can be reduced.

  Further, the bearing 24 that supports the rear end of the connecting shaft 14 prevents the connecting shaft 14 from rotating when the normal rotary tool holder 13 rotates. It can be reduced, and the life as a part can be extended.

  Further, since the main shaft 12 and the connecting shaft 14 are not connected and rotated together, the rotational moment of inertia is reduced, and the torque of the main shaft motor 15 can be reduced.

  Further, since it is not necessary to provide a connecting mechanism for connecting the main shaft 12 and the connecting shaft 14, the structure can be simplified, the assembling work of the cutting apparatus can be facilitated, and the cost can be reduced. Further, since it is not necessary to adjust the phase in the coupling mechanism, restoration can be easily performed in the case of an emergency stop or a power failure.

  Even when the normal rotary tool holder 13 is mounted, the first gear 18b and the second gear 18d formed on the gear shaft 18a of the connecting shaft 14 are not disengaged (the meshing relationship is maintained). Since it did in this way, the phase adjustment of the 1st gear 18b and the 2nd gear 18d becomes unnecessary, and can also restore | restore easily in the case of an emergency stop or a power failure from this viewpoint.

  While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiment, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the connection shaft 14 is supported by the support mechanism 20 via the bush 19. However, when the length of the connection shaft 14 is short, the bearing 24 that supports the rear end of the connection shaft 14. If the connecting shaft 14 can be supported only by this, the bush 19 is not necessarily required.

  In the above-described embodiment, the connecting shaft 14 is supported via the two bushes 19. However, the number of the bushes 19 may be one or three or more.

  Further, a bearing may be used instead of the bush 19 described in the above embodiment.

  Moreover, although the bush 19 demonstrated the example arrange | positioned in the piston 20a in the said embodiment, it does not necessarily need to be arrange | positioned in the piston 20a.

It is a sectional view showing a schematic structure of a cutting device equipped with a rotary tool holder concerning an embodiment of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is sectional drawing showing schematic structure of the cutting processing apparatus equipped with the cutting and rotary tool holder which concerns on embodiment of this invention, (a) is sectional drawing of this apparatus in the case of performing cutting, (b) These are sectional drawings showing the state of this apparatus before cutting.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Cutting processing apparatus 11 Apparatus main body 12 Main axis | shaft 13 Rotating tool holder 13a Tool 14 Connection axis | shaft 15 Main axis motor 16 Driving servo motor 17 Cylinder mechanism 18 Gear mechanism 19 Bush 20 Support mechanism 20a Piston 23 Cutting and rotating tool holder 23a For cutting feed Drive shaft 23b Tool 24 Bearing

Claims (2)

A rotary tool holder or a cutting tool / rotating tool holder having a cutting feed drive shaft and capable of cutting and feeding a tool in a direction perpendicular to the rotation center axis by rotating the cutting feed drive shaft. A rotatable spindle that is detachably held;
A hollow portion of the main shaft, a part of which is inserted concentrically with the main shaft, is arranged so as not to contact the main shaft and parts rotating together with the main shaft, and is releasably connected to the drive shaft for cutting feed and is rotatable. A connected body,
A support device for supporting the connector;
When the rotary tool holder is mounted on the main shaft, the connecting body is moved to the opposite side of the rotary tool holder side, and when the cutting and rotating tool holder is mounted on the main shaft, the connecting body is moved. Moving to the cutting and rotating tool holder side, coupled to the cutting feed drive shaft, and a connecting body moving device that is rotatable.
A bearing rotatably supporting the coupling body;
A servo motor for driving the cutting feed that rotates the driving shaft for the cutting feed via the coupling body;
A gear mechanism having a drive gear provided on a rotating shaft of the drive servomotor and a coupling body gear provided on the coupling body, which is in meshing relation with the drive gear;
With
When the rotary tool holder is mounted on the main shaft, the rotation axis of the servo motor for driving the infeed feed is locked, and when the infeed / rotary tool holder is mounted on the main shaft. , Transmitting the rotational power to the coupling body through the gear mechanism,
The spindle can be rotated independently of the coupling body when the rotary tool holder is mounted on the spindle.
Wherein the coupling element has a plurality, supported by bushings provided in the axial end of the coupling body at least in the support device, Ri movable der independently of the main shaft by said coupling member moving device, from the bearing Is also arranged on the rotary tool holder side or the cutting feed and rotary tool holder side,
The support device includes a piston including the bush therein, and a cylinder that moves the piston in an axial direction of the coupling body,
A chuck mechanism for clamping or unclamping the rotary tool holder or the cutting feed and rotary tool holder to the main shaft by moving the piston of the support device in the axial direction of the coupling body ;
A cutting device characterized by that. The drive gear and the coupling gear have a meshing relationship between the drive gear and the coupling gear in any case where the rotary tool holder or the cutting feed / rotary tool holder is mounted on the main shaft. Arranged to be maintained,
The cutting apparatus according to claim 1.

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