WO2022149202A1

WO2022149202A1 - Turret-type cutting tool holder

Info

Publication number: WO2022149202A1
Application number: PCT/JP2021/000168
Authority: WO
Inventors: 水田賢治
Original assignee: 株式会社Fuji
Priority date: 2021-01-06
Filing date: 2021-01-06
Publication date: 2022-07-14
Also published as: JPWO2022149202A1

Abstract

A turret-type cutting tool holder capable of indexing a tool shank of a rotary tool at a desired angle, the turret-type cutting tool holder comprising: a turret head member that is incorporated rotatably in a turret body and rotates by a turret head turning motor; a tool shank housing member that is incorporated rotatably in the turret head member; a tool shank rotary member that is incorporated rotatably in the tool shank housing member and rotates by a tool shank rotary motor; a coupling member that causes the turret body and turret head member to switch between a coupled state and a coupling released state; and a clutch member that causes the turret head member and tool shank housing member or the tool shank housing member and tool shank rotary member to switch between a coupled state and a coupling released state.

Description

Turret type tool post

The present invention relates to a turret type tool post capable of indexing the tool shaft of a rotary tool at an arbitrary angle.

For machine tools equipped with multiple tools on the turret type tool post, the turret tool is selected by the swivel indexing of the turret device, and machining is executed on the workpiece gripped by the chuck of the spindle device. Some turret devices have a turret-type tool post to which a rotary tool can be attached and detached, and Patent Document 1 below discloses a machine tool having such a turret-type tool post. In the turret-type tool post of the same document, the turret base and the joint base are connected by a piston, and the turret swivel shaft enables the relative rotation of the mill housing connection shaft and the turret base. Therefore, the turret becomes relatively rotatable, and the position of the mounting hole provided in the turret and the position of the second bevel gear protruding from the cylindrical side of the mill housing can be arbitrarily switched.

International Publication WO2017 / 313738 Gazette

However, in the turret type tool post of the conventional example, the position of the mounting hole provided in the turret and the second bevel gear is arbitrarily switched, but the first bevel gear meshed with the second bevel gear. And the relationship between the tool spindle and the tool rotation motor is not clear. Further, in the turret type tool post of the above-mentioned conventional example, the rotation of the turret turning motor is transmitted to the rotating shaft of the global cam by the meshing of the spur gears, and is rotated to the orthogonal turret turning shaft by the roller gear cam mechanism including the global cam and the cam follower. Is configured to be transmitted. Therefore, the roller gear cam mechanism prevents backlash, and the rotation angle of the turret swivel shaft, that is, the swivel indexing of the tool attached to the turret can be maintained. However, the use of the roller gear cam mechanism complicates the structure and makes the turret type tool post expensive.

An object of the present invention is to provide a turret type tool post capable of indexing a tool shaft of a rotary tool at an arbitrary angle in order to solve such a problem.

The turret type tool post according to one aspect of the present invention is rotatably incorporated into the turret body, and the turret head member rotated by the turret head turning motor and the tool shaft housing member rotatably incorporated in the turret head member. And, a coupling member that is rotatably incorporated in the tool shaft housing member and that switches between a tool rotation shaft member that is rotated by a tool shaft rotation motor and a coupling state and a coupling release state between the turret body and the turret head member. A turret head member, the tool shaft housing member, and a clutch member for switching between a coupling state and a disconnection state of the tool shaft housing member and the tool rotation shaft member.

According to the above configuration, the coupling member connects the turret body and the turret head member, and the clutch member connects the turret head member and the tool shaft housing member, and the tool shaft housing member and the tool rotation shaft member. By releasing the coupling, the workpiece can be machined with a rotary tool. On the other hand, the coupling member releases the coupling between the turret body and the turret head member, and the clutch member releases the coupling between the turret head member and the tool shaft housing member, and the tool shaft housing member and the tool rotation shaft member. By driving the turret head turning motor, the turret head member is swiveled, and by driving the tool shaft rotating motor, the tool rotating shaft member is swiveled together with the turret head member to rotate. The tool rotation shaft member connected to the tool can be indexed at an arbitrary angle.

It is a perspective view which showed the turret lathe equipped with the turret type tool post. It is sectional drawing which showed one Embodiment of a turret type tool post. It is sectional drawing which showed one Embodiment of a turret type tool post. It is the figure which looked at the turret head from the front along the center line. It is the figure which looked at the turret head from the front along the center line.

An embodiment of the turret type tool post according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a turret lathe provided with a turret-type tool post according to the present embodiment. The turret lathe 1 has a work spindle device 3 that gives rotation to the gripped work W, and a turret device 5 equipped with a plurality of turret tools T used for machining the work W. The work spindle device 3 and the turret device 5 are mounted on a bed 7 tilted forward. The work spindle device 3 is mounted on the front inclined surface on the front side of the machine body, and the turret device 5 is arranged on the rear side of the machine body.

The work spindle device 3 has a spindle rotatably incorporated in a cylindrical headstock 12, and a chuck 11 for gripping the work W to be machined is provided at the tip thereof. The work spindle device 3 moves on the base 7 along the Z axis in the width direction of the machine body. Therefore, two guide rails 15 parallel to the Z axis are fixed to the base 7, and the spindle slide 14 is configured to slide there. A ball screw mechanism is used to move the work spindle device 3, and the spindle slide 14 is configured to linearly move in the Z-axis direction by driving the Z-axis servomotor 15.

The turret device 5 selects a corresponding tool from a plurality of turret tools T by swivel indexing, and performs predetermined machining such as cutting on the work W. In the turret device 5, a plurality of turret tools T are detachably attached to the turret type tool post 17 at equal intervals on the circumference. The turret type tool post 17 is orthogonal to the X-axis and its X-axis and Z-axis when the center line O of its rotation is tilted 45 degrees with respect to the horizontal and the direction parallel to the center line O is the X-axis. It is configured to move in two directions with the Y-axis. In the turret device 5, a substantially triangular base 19 can slide on the bed 7 in the Y-axis direction, and the turret type tool post 17 is slidably mounted on the upper mounting surface parallel to the X axis of the base 19. There is. The turret type tool post 17 is configured to linearly move the rotational output of the servomotor 18 by a ball screw mechanism, and the base 19 is also configured to linearly move the rotational output of a servomotor (not shown) by a ball screw mechanism.

The turret type tool post 17 of the present embodiment can be attached with a rotary tool such as a drill as the turret tool T. At the time of machining the work, the work W is gripped by the chuck 11 of the work spindle device 3, and the rotation of the spindle motor (not shown) is transmitted to the work W via the spindle. When cutting using a cutting tool or the like is performed, the work W is given a rotation at a predetermined speed, and in the case of drilling using a rotary tool, phase adjustment is performed with respect to the work W according to the machining location. .. In the turret device 5, the turret-type tool post 17 moves from the upper retracted position to the front of the machine by driving the X-axis servomotor 18, and the turret tool T swiveled and indexed in the turret-type tool post 17 moves to the machining position. It is positioned.

Therefore, for example, when boring is performed, the work W moves linearly in the Z-axis direction by driving the Z-axis servomotor 15, and a bite is applied to the inner peripheral surface of the rotating work W. Further, when drilling is performed, the spindle slide 14 is linearly moved by the drive of the Z-axis servomotor 15, and the drill, which is a rotary tool, is applied to the work W. By the way, in general, since the main axis of a machine tool is a fixed direction (Z axis), the direction of the turret tool T is also attached in accordance with the Z axis. Therefore, in the conventional turret type tool post, the tool shaft connected to the rotary tool is fixed in the Z-axis direction. However, in order to cope with various machining, it is desired for a machine tool to output a rotary tool with a different angle, and so far, a rotary tool with an angle head has been used.

In this respect, the turret type tool post 17 of the present embodiment has a configuration in which the angle of the rotating shaft of the rotating tool can be arbitrarily calculated without using the rotating tool of the angle head. 2 and 3 are cross-sectional views showing the turret type tool post 17 of the present embodiment, in particular, FIG. 2 shows a state in which the rotation of the turret head is restricted, and FIG. 3 shows a state of the turret head. The state in which it can turn is shown. The turret type tool post 17 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 has a turret head 22 smaller in size than that shown in FIG. 1.

The turret head 22 is integrally formed with a cylindrical turret head swivel shaft 23, and the turret head swivel shaft 23 is rotatably supported inside the turret body 21 by a bearing with the center line O as the center of rotation. The turret head turning motor 25 is fixed to the turret body 21, and the gear (spur gear) 26 fixed to the motor shaft parallel to the center line O is the gear (spur gear) 24 fixed to the turret head turning shaft 23. Is in mesh with. Therefore, the drive control of the turret head swivel motor 25 gives a predetermined rotation to the turret head 22 integrated with the turret head swivel shaft 23.

A tool shaft housing 31 is provided inside the turret head 22 and the turret head swivel shaft 23. The tool shaft housing 31 supports a tool shaft for transmitting rotation to a rotary tool Tr, which is one of the turret tools T. The tool shaft housing 31 has a head portion 311 in the turret head 22 and a shaft portion 312 in the turret head swivel shaft 23, and the shaft portion 312 is rotatably supported by a bearing inside the turret head swivel shaft 23. ing. A tool rotation shaft 33 is inserted inside the shaft portion 312 of the tool shaft housing 31, and is rotatably supported by bearings.

A pulley 36 is fixed to one end of the tool rotation shaft 33, and a timing belt 39 is hung between the pulley 38 fixed to the motor shaft of the tool shaft motor 37. On the other hand, in the head portion 311 of the tool shaft housing 31, a drive shaft 35 having a rotation center orthogonal to the center line O is rotatably assembled by a bearing. The bevel gears 34 fixed to each other are meshed with the orthogonal tool rotation shaft 33 and the drive shaft 35.

In the turret type tool post 17, the rotation output from the tool shaft motor 37 is transmitted to the tool rotation shaft 33 via the

pulleys

36 and 38 and the timing belt 39, and further transmitted to the drive shaft 35 via the captive gear 34. It is supposed to be done. Then, in the rotary tool Tr attached to the turret type tool post 17, the key formed at the end of the rotary shaft is fitted into the keyway formed at the end of the drive shaft 35, and the tool shaft motor 37 is driven. Allows rotation during machining.

The turret type tool post 17 is a three-piece coupling between the turret body 21 and the turret head swivel shaft 23 rotated by the turret head swivel motor 25 so that the turret tool T can be positioned at the indexing position of the turret head 22. 41 is incorporated. The three-piece coupling 41 includes a fixed side coupling piece 401 fixed to the turret body 21, a rotating side coupling piece 402 fixed to the rotating turret head swivel shaft 23, a fixed side coupling piece 401, and a rotating side. It has a switching coupling piece 403 that meshes with the coupling piece 402.

The switching coupling piece 403 is integrally formed with the piston 43 of the hydraulic cylinder configured on the turret body 21 side, and is configured to be displaced in the direction parallel to the center line O by the hydraulic oil supplied and discharged. In the state where the rotation of the turret head 22 shown in FIG. 2 is restricted, the switching coupling piece 403 meshes with the fixed side coupling piece 401 and the rotating side coupling piece 402. On the other hand, in the state where the turret head 22 shown in FIG. 3 can be swiveled, the switching coupling piece 403 is disengaged from the fixed side coupling piece 401 and the rotation side coupling piece 402.

The turret type tool post 17 is provided with a clutch mechanism 45 that is interlocked with the switching of the three-piece coupling 41. Specifically, one end of the rod 46 penetrating the guide hole of the main body side block 211 is fixed to the piston 43 integrated with the switching coupling piece 403, and the other end of the rod 46 is connected to the clutch mechanism 45. .. Thus, in this embodiment, a hydraulic cylinder for switching the three-piece coupling 41 is used as an actuator for operating the clutch mechanism 45.

In the clutch mechanism 45, the first clutch 451 connected to the piston 43 and the second clutch 452 connected to the inside by a radial bearing are integrally assembled in a state in which they can rotate with each other. The first clutch 451 is configured so that the claws mesh with both the turret head swivel shaft 23 and the shaft portion 312 of the tool shaft housing 31 in the axial direction. The second clutch 452 is configured so that the claws mesh with the shaft portion 312 and the tool rotation shaft 33 of the tool shaft housing 31 in the radial direction, and the cross section is formed so that the two front and rear claws protrude toward the center line O side. It is formed in a U shape.

By the way, the hydraulic cylinder including the three-piece coupling 41 and the piston 43 and the clutch mechanism 45 are all configured in an annular shape, and the piston 43 and the first clutch 451 are a plurality of rods arranged on the same circumference. It is connected by 46. However, the rod 460 at the position overlapping with the gear 26 is formed short.

The first clutch 451 and the second clutch 452 are integrally displaced according to the displacement of the piston 43 in the axial direction parallel to the center line O. First, in a state where the three-piece coupling 41 shown in FIG. 2 is engaged, the first clutch 451 is attached to the end of the turret head swivel shaft 23 and the shaft portion 312 of the tool shaft housing 31 by a claw formed in the thrust direction. It meshes with both formed claws. In the second clutch 452, the short claw on the left side of the drawing always meshes with the claw of the turret head swivel shaft 23, but the claw on the right side of the rear drawing does not mesh with the tool rotation shaft 33 and is in a free state. Therefore, the tool shaft housing 31 connected to the turret head swivel shaft 23 is non-rotating, but the tool rotating shaft 33 in the tool shaft housing 31 is rotatable.

On the other hand, in the state where the coupling of the three-piece coupling 41 shown in FIG. 3 is disengaged, the first clutch 451 is disengaged from the turret head swivel shaft 23 and the shaft portion 312 of the tool shaft housing 31, and the second clutch 451 is disengaged. The clutch 452 meshes with both the shaft portion 312 of the tool shaft housing 31 and the tool rotation shaft 33. In such a state, the turret head swivel shaft 23, that is, the turret head 22 can be swiveled, and the shaft portion 312 of the tool shaft housing 31 and the tool rotation shaft 33 can be integrally rotated by the second clutch 452. ..

Therefore, in the turret type tool post 17, when machining using the rotary tool Tr, the piston 43 is displaced to the position shown in FIG. 2 by hydraulic pressure, and the turret head swivel shaft 23 is engaged with the turret body 21 by the engagement of the 3-piece coupling 41. The turret head 22 is in the coupled state, and the turret head 22 is positioned at the time of turning indexing. Further, the first clutch 451 puts the shaft portion 312 (tool shaft housing 31) in the coupled state with the turret head swivel shaft 23 into a non-rotating state. Then, when the tool shaft motor 37 is driven, the rotation output thereof is transmitted to the tool rotation shaft 33, the rotary tool Tr connected to the drive shaft 35 is rotated, and machining is performed on the work W.

Next, in order to perform machining with another turret tool T, indexing is performed by turning the turret head 22. Therefore, hydraulic pressure acts on the piston 43 in the opposite direction to displace it at the position shown in FIG. 3, and the turret head swivel shaft 23 becomes rotatable by the disconnection of the three-piece coupling 41. Therefore, by controlling the drive of the turret head turning motor 25, the rotation is transmitted from the gear 26 to the gear 24, and the turret head 22 is turned at a predetermined angle. Then, the three-piece coupling 41 is brought into the meshed state again, and the turret head 22 is positioned at the time of turning indexing.

In the present embodiment, such turning of the turret head 22 is performed not only in switching the turret tool T but also in adjusting the angle of the rotary tool Tr. 4 and 5 are schematic views of the turret head 22 viewed from the front along the center line O, and FIG. 4 shows a normal state in which the rotation axis of the rotary tool Tr is parallel to the center line O. Reference numeral 5 shows a state in which the angle is adjusted.

In the turret type tool post 17, when the coupling of the 3-piece coupling 41 is released, the shaft portion 312 (tool shaft housing 31) is released from the coupling with the turret head swivel shaft 23 by the first clutch 451. On the other hand, the tool rotation shaft 33 is connected to the shaft portion 312 by the second clutch 452. Therefore, by controlling the rotation of the turret head turning motor 25 and the tool shaft motor 37, for example, from the state shown in FIG. 4, the turret head 22 and the tool shaft housing 31 and the drive shaft 35 inside the turret head 22 are as shown in FIG. The rotation is performed according to the turning angle of the angle θ. After that, as described above, the three-piece coupling 41 is switched to the meshed state, and machining is executed by the rotary tool Tr whose angle is tilted by θ.

Therefore, according to the turret type tool post 17 of the present embodiment, the rotation and rotation of the rotary tool Tr on the tool rotary shaft 33 are performed by switching the connection and disconnection of each member by the three-piece coupling 41 and the clutch mechanism 45. The angle of the tool Tr can be adjusted. Since the three-piece coupling 41 and the clutch mechanism 45 both have a compact and inexpensive structure, they are suitable for miniaturization of the turret type tool post 17. In particular, the hydraulic cylinder of the 3-piece coupling 41 is used as the actuator for operating the clutch mechanism 45, which also contributes to making the turret type tool post 17 smaller and cheaper.

Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described, the present invention is not limited to these, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, in the previous embodiment, the hydraulic cylinder of the piston 43 for operating the three-piece coupling 41 was used as the actuator for operating the clutch mechanism 45, but a hydraulic cylinder for the clutch provided separately may be used.

1 ... Turret lathe 3 ... Work spindle device 5 ... Turret device 17 ... Turret type tool post 22 ... Turret head 23 ... Turret head swivel shaft 25 ... Turret head swivel motor 31 ... Tool shaft housing 33 ... Tool rotation shaft 35 ... Drive shaft 37 ... Tool shaft motor 41 ... 3 piece coupling 43 ... Piston 45 ... Clutch mechanism T ... Turret tool Tr ... Rotating tool

Claims

A turret head member that is rotatably incorporated into the turret body and rotated by a turret head turning motor,
A tool shaft housing member rotatably incorporated in the turret head member,
A tool rotation shaft member rotatably incorporated in the tool shaft housing member and rotated by a tool shaft rotation motor, and a tool rotation shaft member.
A coupling member that switches between a coupling state and a coupling release state between the turret body and the turret head member,
A clutch member that switches between a coupling state and a disconnection state of the turret head member and the tool shaft housing member, and the tool shaft housing member and the tool rotation shaft member.
Turret type tool post with.
The turret type tool post according to claim 1, wherein the coupling actuator used for switching the coupling member is also a clutch actuator used for switching the clutch member.
The coupling member has a fixed-side coupling piece fixed to the turret body, a rotary-side coupling piece fixed to the turret head member, and a switching coupling piece connected to a coupling actuator. It is a 3-piece coupling,
The turret type tool post according to claim 2, wherein the clutch actuator is a hydraulic cylinder, one side of the piston in the displacement direction is connected to the switching coupling piece, and the other side is connected to the clutch member.
In the clutch member, a first clutch in which a claw engages with the turret head member and the tool shaft housing member and a second clutch in which a claw engages with the turret head member and the tool rotation shaft member are integrally formed via a bearing. The turret type tool post according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is the same as that of the turret type tool post.
The first clutch has a claw that meshes with both the turret head swivel shaft portion of the turret head member and the shaft portion of the tool shaft housing member in the thrust direction, and the second clutch is the shaft of the tool shaft housing member. The turret type tool post according to claim 4, wherein the claw meshes with the portion and the tool rotation shaft in the radial direction.