JP6258507B2 - 圧力差を利用したフロー電池内の電解質濃度のリバランス - Google Patents
圧力差を利用したフロー電池内の電解質濃度のリバランス Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 but not limited to Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005597 polymer membrane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04186—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of liquid-charged or electrolyte-charged reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04276—Arrangements for managing the electrolyte stream, e.g. heat exchange
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0444—Concentration; Density
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04783—Pressure differences, e.g. between anode and cathode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/18—Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
- H01M8/184—Regeneration by electrochemical means
- H01M8/188—Regeneration by electrochemical means by recharging of redox couples containing fluids; Redox flow type batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/20—Indirect fuel cells, e.g. fuel cells with redox couple being irreversible
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Description
Claims (15)
- (a)第1半電池、第2半電池、及びその間のイオン選択セパレータを有する電気化学電池と、前記第1半電池を介して循環可能な第1電解質と、前記第2半電池を通して循環可能な第2電解質と、を備え、かつ、前記第1および第2電解質が、溶解した一つ以上の種類の電気化学的活性種を有する、フロー電池を準備し、
(b)前記第1電解質と前記第2電解質との間の前記電気化学的活性種の濃度非平衡を濃度平衡化させるように、イオン選択セパレータを横切る流体圧力差を、制御した時間に亘って選択的に設定する、
ことを備え、
前記ステップ(b)は、前記第1電解質と前記第2電解質との間の、所定の閾値を超える濃度差の検出に応答して、前記フロー電池における前記第1電解質と前記第2電解質との間に不均等な流速を生じさせることにより、前記流体圧力差を設定することを含む、フロー電池内の電解質濃度をリバランスする方法。 - 前記ステップ(b)は、前記濃度非平衡に応じた前記流体圧力差を設定することを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップ(b)は、前記イオン選択セパレータを介する電解質流動のモデルにしたがって、流体圧力差を設定することを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記一つ以上の種類の電気化学的活性種の濃度に関して、前記第1および第2電解質のうち濃度の低い方の流速が、該第1および第2電解質のうち濃度の高い方の流速よりも大きい、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップ(b)は、前記イオン選択セパレータを介した電解質流動に対して、流体圧力差を設定することを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記第1電解質内の活性種は、V(ii)/V(iii)であり、前記第2電解質内の活性種は、V(iv)/V(v)である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 第1半電池、第2半電池、及びその間のイオン選択セパレータを有する電気化学セルと、
前記第1半電池を介して循環可能な第1電解質と、
前記第2半電池を介して循環可能な第2電解質と、を備え、かつ、前記第1および第2電解質は、溶解した一つ以上の種類の電気化学的活性種を含み、更に、
前記電気化学セルの外部の供給/貯蔵システムを備え、この供給/貯蔵システムは、第1容器と、第2容器と、前記第1および第2容器をそれぞれ前記第1および第2半電池に接続する流体ラインと、前記第1および第2電解質を循環させるために作動可能な複数のポンプと、前記第1および第2電解質の流れを制御するために作動可能な複数の制御弁と、を有し、更に、
少なくとも前記供給/貯蔵システムの作動を制御するために接続されるコントローラを備え、このコントローラは、前記供給/貯蔵システムを制御して、イオン選択セパレータを横切る流体圧力差を制御された時間にわたって選択的に設定することにより、前記第1電解質と前記第2電解質との間の電気化学的活性種の濃度非平衡を濃度平衡化させ、
前記コントローラは、前記第1電解質と前記第2電解質との間の、所定の閾値を超える濃度差の検出に応答して、前記第1電解質と、前記第2電解質との間に不均等な流速を生じさせることにより、前記流体圧力差を設定するように構成される、フロー電池。 - 前記コントローラは、前記濃度非平衡に応答して前記流体圧力差を設定するように構成される、請求項7に記載のフロー電池。
- 前記コントローラは、前記イオン選択セパレータを介する電解質流動のモデルにしたがって流体圧力差を設定するように構成される、請求項7に記載のフロー電池。
- 前記コントローラは、前記一つ以上の種類の電気化学的活性種の濃度に関して、前記第1および第2電解質のうち濃度が低い方の流速を、該第1および第2電解質のうち濃度が高い方の流速よりも大きく設定するように構成される、請求項7に記載のフロー電池。
- 前記コントローラは、前記イオン選択セパレータを介する電解質流動に対して、流体圧力差を設定するように構成される、請求項7に記載のフロー電池。
- 前記第1電解質内の活性種は、V(ii)/V(iii)であり、前記第2電解質内の活性種は、V(iv)/V(v)である、請求項7に記載のフロー電池。
- フロー電池内の電解質充電状態をリバランスする方法であって、
前記フロー電池の第1半電池内の流体圧力が、第2半電池内の流体圧力よりも高くなるように、イオン選択セパレータを横切る制御された流体圧力差を設定して、その圧力作用による浸透により、溶液内に溶解した電気化学的活性種に関して、前記第2半電池内のより高く濃縮された溶液を希釈させ、かつ前記第1半電池内のより希釈された溶液を濃縮させるように、フロー電池を作動させる、
ことを備え、
前記フロー電池の作動は、アノード液である第1溶液と、カソード液である第2溶液との間の、所定の閾値を超える濃度差の検出に応答して、前記第1溶液と、前記第2溶液との間に不均等な流速を生じさせることにより、前記制御された流体圧力差を設定することを含む、方法。 - 前記フロー電池の作動は、前記イオン選択セパレータを介する電解質流動に対する前記制御された流体圧力差を設定することを含む、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記第1溶液内の活性種は、V(ii)/V(iii)であり、前記第2溶液内の活性種は、V(iv)/V(v)である、請求項13に記載の方法。
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PCT/US2013/077778 WO2015099728A1 (en) | 2013-12-26 | 2013-12-26 | Rebalancing electrolyte concentration in flow battery using pressure differential |
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CN105679985B (zh) * | 2014-11-17 | 2019-02-01 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 一种醌多卤化物液流电池 |
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DE102017201516A1 (de) * | 2017-01-31 | 2018-08-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Elektrolytkonzentrationsabhängige Pumpensteuerung für Flow Batterien |
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