JP6223676B2 - 圧電性高分子の成形方法および成形体 - Google Patents
圧電性高分子の成形方法および成形体 Download PDFInfo
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Description
(a)前記圧電性部位の厚みに対する長手方向の長さの比が、約100以上である、
(b)前記圧電性部位の厚みに対する湾曲部の曲率半径の比が、約10以上である、
(c)前記圧電性部位の湾曲部の曲率半径に対する長手方向の長さの比が、約0.01以上である
の少なくとも1つを満たすことを特徴とする振動発生装置が提供される。
(i)圧電率が2pC/N以上であり、
(ii)少なくとも一部が湾曲しており、
(iii)弾性率が0.1GPa以上であり、かつ
(iv)下記(a’)〜(c’):
(a’)前記圧電性部位の厚みに対する長手方向の長さの比が、約100以上である、
(b’)前記圧電性部位の厚みに対する湾曲部の曲率半径の比が、約10以上である、
(c’)前記圧電性部位の湾曲部の曲率半径に対する長手方向の長さの比が、約0.01以上である
の少なくとも1つを満たすこと
を特徴とする。
(i)約2pC/N以上の圧電率を有する;
(ii)少なくとも一部が湾曲している;
(iii)弾性率が約0.1GPa以上である;および
(iv)下記(a”)〜(c”):
(a”)厚みに対する長手方向(円筒の高さ方向)の長さの比が、約100以上である、
(b”)厚みに対する円筒の半径の比が、約10以上である、
(c”)円筒の半径に対する長手方向の長さの比が、約0.01以上である
の少なくとも1つを満たす;
を有する。
本実施形態における側面部4では、フィルムを形成するヘリカルキラリティを有する圧電性高分子が円筒の高さ方向に一軸配向しており、これにより側面部4は圧電性を有している。圧電性を有することにより、側面部4の両主面間に電圧が印加されると、フィルムが変形(ずり変形)する。この電圧を変化させることにより側面部は振動する。
本実施形態における側面部4は、略円筒の形状をとることにより湾曲している。このように湾曲することにより、圧電性高分子フィルムに生じるフィルム面に平行な振動(ずり変形)を、フィルムの表面に発現させることが可能になる。このように表面に発現した振動により周囲の空気が振動し、音波となる。
本実施形態において、側面部4は、約0.1GPa以上、好ましくは約0.3GPa以上、より好ましくは約0.5GPa以上、さらに好ましくは1GPa以上、特に好ましくは1.5GPa以上の弾性率を有する。側面部4が約0.1GPa以上の弾性率を有することにより、周囲の空気をより強く振動させることができる。この結果、高い音圧を得ることが可能になる。
本実施形態において、側面部4は、下記(a”)〜(c”):
(a”)厚みに対する長手方向(円筒の高さ方向)の長さの比が、約100以上である;
(b”)厚みに対する円筒の半径の比が、約10以上である;
(c”)円筒の半径に対する長手方向の長さの比が、約0.01以上である;
の少なくとも1つを満たす。
ポリ乳酸フィルム(多木化学株式会社製、分子量100,000、厚み1mmのシート状)を、真空成形機にセットした。金型は、半径5cm、深さ12cmのものを用いた。上記フィルムを99.3℃に加温し、フィルムの上面から金型に向かって約2トンの圧力でプラグを押し込みながら、真空成形した。得られた成形体を真空成形機から取り出し、該成形体の形状に対応する冶具に固定し、加熱炉において約110℃で5分間熱処理し、ついで、水を張った水槽に入れて急冷し、円筒部の寸法が半径5cm、高さ12cmである、図2に対応する成形体を得た。
実施例1で用いたポリ乳酸フィルムを、分子量60,000、厚み0.5mmのポリ乳酸フィルム(多木化学株式会社製)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして成形体を得た。
真空成形時のフィルム温度を110℃とし、プラグによる押し込みを行わないこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして成形体を得た。
実施例1〜2および比較例1の成形体の円筒部から縦120mm、横5mmの試料を切り出した。この試料を上下に3等分した上部、中部および下部(図2の上側が上部)の圧電率およびリタデーションを測定した。結果を表1に示す。
実施例1で用いたポリ乳酸フィルムを、分子量90,000、厚み0.1mmのポリ乳酸フィルム(多木化学株式会社製)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして成形体を得た。得られた形成体の側面部の両主面に銅を蒸着して電極を形成し、本発明のスピーカーを作製した。
実施例1で用いたポリ乳酸フィルムを、分子量60,000、厚み1.5mmのポリ乳酸フィルム(多木化学株式会社製)に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様にして成形体を得た。得られた形成体の側面部の両主面に銅を蒸着して電極を形成し、比較例2のスピーカーを作製した。
真空成形時のフィルム温度を110℃とし、プラグによる押し込みを行わないこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして成形体を得た。得られた形成体の側面部の両主面に銅を蒸着して電極を形成し、比較例3のスピーカーを作製した。
実施例3および比較例1〜2について、音響測定装置(LA2560、小野測器)を用いて、音圧−周波数特性を測定した。結果を図4に示す。
2…底面部
4…側面部
6…上面部
8…本体部
10…内側面
12…外側面
14…第1電極
16…第2電極
Claims (8)
- 圧電性高分子から形成された材料を、当該圧電性高分子のガラス転移温度以上、結晶化温度未満の温度で、真空成形法にて成形し、ついで、上記圧電性高分子の結晶化温度以上の温度で熱処理することを特徴とする、圧電性高分子の成形方法。
- 補助プラグにより、圧電性高分子から形成された材料を押し込みながら真空成形を行う、請求項1に記載の成形方法。
- 圧電性高分子がポリ乳酸または乳酸を構成単位として含む共重合体である、請求項1または2に記載の成形方法。
- 成形温度が50℃〜105℃である、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 熱処理の温度が、圧電性高分子の結晶化温度以上、融点以下である、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 熱処理の温度が80〜150℃である、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 圧電性高分子から形成された材料が柔軟化剤を含む、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の成形方法。
- 柔軟化剤が、PMMA−PnBA−PMMAブロック共重合体である、請求項7に記載の成形方法。
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