JP6220945B2 - 農園芸用殺虫剤 - Google Patents
農園芸用殺虫剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6220945B2 JP6220945B2 JP2016188288A JP2016188288A JP6220945B2 JP 6220945 B2 JP6220945 B2 JP 6220945B2 JP 2016188288 A JP2016188288 A JP 2016188288A JP 2016188288 A JP2016188288 A JP 2016188288A JP 6220945 B2 JP6220945 B2 JP 6220945B2
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- compound
- insecticide
- acid
- agricultural
- fatty acid
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Landscapes
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Description
(A1):ポリオキシエチレン脂肪酸エステル(ただし、脂肪酸の炭素数は8〜16であり、エチレンオキシドの平均付加モル数は5〜40である。)〔以下、化合物(A1)という〕
(A2):ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル(ただし、脂肪酸の炭素数は8〜16であり、エチレンオキシドの平均付加モル数は5〜40である。)〔以下、化合物(A2)という〕
(A3):(ポリ)グリセリン脂肪酸エステル(ただし、脂肪酸の炭素数は8〜16であり、グリセリンの平均縮合度は1〜3である。)〔以下、化合物(A3)という〕
(A4):下記一般式(A4)で示されるアルキルサッカライド〔以下、化合物(A4)という〕
R1a−O−(G)p (A4)
(式中、R1aは炭素数8〜16のアルキル基、Gは炭素数5〜6の還元糖を示し、pは1〜10の数を示す。)
R1b−OH (B1)
(式中、R1bは炭素数8〜14の直鎖又は分岐鎖のアルキル基を示す。)
本発明の殺虫剤は、害虫の体表面での湿展性向上及び殺虫効果向上の観点から、下記(A1)〜(A4)から選ばれる一種以上の化合物(A)を含有する。下記化合物(A1)〜(A4)のうち、害虫の体表面での湿展性向上及び殺虫効果向上の観点から、化合物(A1)、化合物(A3)が好ましく、化合物(A3)がより好ましい。
R1a−O−(G)p (A4)
式中、R1aは、湿展性向上及び殺虫効果向上の観点から、炭素数8〜16のアルキル基であり、好ましくは10〜14のアルキル基、より好ましくは10〜12のアルキル基、さらに好ましくは12のアルキル基である。Gは、湿展性向上及び殺虫効果向上の観点から、炭素数5〜6の還元糖、例えばリボース、アラビノース、キシロース、アロース、アルトロース、グルコース、マンノース、フルクトース、グロース、イドース、ガラクトース、タロース等であり、好ましくはグルコース、マンノース、フルクトース、ガラクトース、より好ましくはグルコースである。pは、湿展性向上及び殺虫効果向上の観点から、1〜10の数を示し、好ましくは1〜5の数、より好ましくは3〜5の数を示す。
化合物(B1)は下記一般式(B1)で表される。
R1b−OH (B1)
一般式(B1)において、R1bは、湿展性向上及び殺虫効果向上の観点から、炭素数8〜14の直鎖又は分岐鎖のアルキル基であり、好ましくは炭素数8〜12の直鎖又は分岐鎖のアルキル基であり、より好ましくは炭素数8〜10の直鎖又は分岐鎖のアルキル基であり、さらに好ましくは炭素数10の直鎖のアルキル基である。
本発明の殺虫剤において、化合物(A)と化合物(B)の重量比は、(A)/(B)で、好ましくは0.03〜30、より好ましくは0.05〜20、更に好ましくは0.1〜10、さらにより好ましくは0.1〜8、さらにより好ましくは0.3〜8、さらにより好ましくは0.5〜2である。(A)/(B)重量比が前記範囲であれば、害虫の体表面での湿展性及び害虫の気門の封鎖性が向上し、より優れた殺虫効果が得られる。
a)RNX2型化合物
b)NX3型化合物
c)R-NX-CH2CH2-NX-R型化合物
d)R-NX-CH2CH2-NX2型化合物及び
e)X2N-R'-NX2型化合物
の全てが使用できる。上記式中Xは-CH2COOH又は-CH2CH2COOHを表し、Rは水素原子、アル
キル基、水酸基、ヒドロキシアルキル基又はこの種の公知のキレート化合物を表す置換基を表し、R'はアルキレン基、シクロアルキレン基及びこの種の公知のキレート化合物を表す基を表す。これらの代表例としては、エチレンジアミンテトラ酢酸(EDTA)、シクロヘキサンジアミンテトラ酢酸(CDTA)、ニトリロトリ酢酸(NTA)、イミノジ酢酸(IDA)、N-(2-ヒドロキシエチル)イミノジ酢酸(HIMDA)、ジエチレントリアミンペンタ酢酸(DTPA)、N-(2-ヒドロキシエチル)エチレンジアミン三酢酸(EDTA−OH)及びグリコールエーテルジアミンテトラ酢酸(GEDTA)並びにこれらの塩等が挙げられる。
る。例えば、殺虫剤をエタノール等の適当な溶媒で希釈した後、以下の条件で測定することにより、殺虫剤中の化合物(A)及び化合物(B)の存否を定量的に確認することができる。
装置:ガスクロマトグラフィー分析システム(Agilent Technologies 6850 SeriesII)
カラム:DB5((5%-Phenyl)-Methylpolysiloxane)
カラムサイズ:12m×200μm×0.33μm、
ヘリウムガス流量:1.0mL/min、圧力:85.0kPa、
カラム温度条件(初期カラム温度:60℃、2minホールド→10℃/min昇温→300℃、14minホールド)
表1、2に、以下の実施例、比較例で用いた化合物(A)及び化合物(B)、並びに比較化合物を示す。また、表3に、比較品として使用した市販殺虫剤を示す。
12cmポットに草丈15cmになるまでイネ苗を生育させた。イネ1株に、羽化後3〜5日経過したウンカを10個体、3反復にて供試し培養した。水1Lに、各化合物の散布時の濃度が表4に示す通りとなる量の殺虫剤を混合し、殺虫剤散布液を調製した。この散布液を、表4に示す散布量でウンカが付着したイネ苗へ葉面散布した。風乾後、金網円筒をかぶせ、その3日後、生存虫数を測定し、下記式により殺虫率(表4中、「殺虫率I」として示す)を算出した。殺虫率の数値が高いほど、農薬効力(殺虫効果)が高いことを示す。
殺虫率(%)=(無処理区の生存虫数−処理区の生存虫数)/無処理区の生存虫数×100
表4の結果から、本発明の殺虫剤は、ウンカに対する優れた殺虫効果を有することが確認された。
12cmポットに10葉期になるまでキャベツ苗を生育させた。キャベツの葉を切り取り、直径9cmのシャーレ内にて、ワタアブラムシを15個体、3反復にて供試し培養した。水1Lに、各化合物の散布時の濃度が表4に示す通りとなる量の殺虫剤を混合し、殺虫剤散布液を調製した。この散布液を、表4に示す散布量でワタアブラムシが付着したキャベツ葉へ葉面散布した。風乾後、シャーレに蓋をし、回りを酸素透過性シールでシールすることで、アブラムシの逃亡を防いだ。その1日後、生存虫数を測定し、下記式により殺虫率(表4中、「殺虫率II」として示す)を算出した。殺虫率の数値が高いほど、農薬効力(殺虫効果)が高いことを示す。
殺虫率(%)=(無処理区の生存虫数−処理区の生存虫数)/無処理区の生存虫数×100
表4の結果から、本発明の殺虫剤は、ワタアブラムシに対する優れた殺虫効果を有することが確認された。
12cmポットに5葉期になるまでインゲンマメを生育させた。1株あたりカンザワハダニ30匹を3反復にてうえつけた。水1Lに、各化合物の散布時の濃度が表4に示す通りとなる量の殺虫剤を混合し、殺虫剤散布液を調製した。この散布液を、表4に示す散布量でカンザワハダニが付着したインゲンマメ葉へ葉面散布した。風乾後、金網円筒をかぶせ、3日後に生存ダニ数を測定し、下記式により殺ダニ率を算出した。殺ダニ率の数値が高いほど、農薬効力(殺ダニ効果)が高いことを示す。
殺ダニ率(%)=(無処理区の生存ダニ数−処理区の生存ダニ数)/無処理区の生存ダニ数×100
表4の結果から、本発明の殺虫剤は、カンザワハダニに対する優れた殺虫効果を有することが確認された。
*2 化合物(B)/市販殺虫剤(有姿)の重量比
殺虫試験IIにおける比較例1(無処理区)と実施例1の試験後のワタアブラムシの気門状態をレーザー顕微鏡(KEYENCE VK-9700)にて観察した。その結果を図1に示すが、比較例1では気門が封鎖されていなかった(図1のB2、B3)が、実施例1の殺虫剤によれば、ワタアブラムシの気門を封鎖している様子が観察された(図1のA2、A3)。なお、図1中、A1〜A3は実施例1の結果、B1〜B3は比較例1の結果であり、A1、B1中、白い枠で囲った箇所がはワタアブラムシの気門部分であり、A2、B2はその拡大図、A3、B3は更なる拡大図である。
Claims (5)
- 下記(A1)〜(A2)から選ばれる一種以上の化合物(A)、及び下記(B1)で示される化合物(B)を含有し、
殺菌剤、殺虫剤、殺ダニ剤、除草剤及び植物成長調節剤各々の有効成分から選択される何れの農薬原体の含有量も0重量%である、
農園芸用殺虫剤。
(A1):ポリオキシエチレン脂肪酸エステル(ただし、脂肪酸の炭素数は8〜16であり、エチレンオキシドの平均付加モル数は5〜40である。)
(A2):ポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル(ただし、脂肪酸の炭素数は8〜16であり、エチレンオキシドの平均付加モル数は5〜40である。)
R1b−OH (B1)
(式中、R1bは炭素数8〜10の直鎖又は分岐鎖のアルキル基を示す。) - 化合物(A)及び化合物(B)の重量比が(A)/(B)で0.03〜30である請求項1の農園芸用殺虫剤。
- 水及び/又は有機溶媒を含有する請求項1又は2の農園芸用殺虫剤。
- 請求項1〜3の何れか1項記載の農園芸用殺虫剤を、害虫又は植物に施す工程を含む、害虫の駆除方法。
- 前記農園芸用殺虫剤及び水を含有する散布液を、害虫又は植物に散布して接触させる、請求項4記載の害虫の駆除方法。
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