JP6219386B2 - 熱電装置のための四面銅鉱構造に基づく熱電材料 - Google Patents
熱電装置のための四面銅鉱構造に基づく熱電材料 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6219386B2 JP6219386B2 JP2015520687A JP2015520687A JP6219386B2 JP 6219386 B2 JP6219386 B2 JP 6219386B2 JP 2015520687 A JP2015520687 A JP 2015520687A JP 2015520687 A JP2015520687 A JP 2015520687A JP 6219386 B2 JP6219386 B2 JP 6219386B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- copper ore
- tetrahedral copper
- thermoelectric
- conductors
- tetrahedral
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims description 144
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 74
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 67
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 64
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 39
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 22
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 14
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 12
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003708 ampul Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007088 Archimedes method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001779 copper mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XSOKHXFFCGXDJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N telluride(2-) Chemical compound [Te-2] XSOKHXFFCGXDJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000701 toxic element Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001006 Constantan Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003775 Density Functional Theory Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005355 Hall effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002665 PbTe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004770 chalcogenides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002301 combined effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002738 metalloids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003746 solid phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 1
- OCGWQDWYSQAFTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenelead Chemical compound [Pb]=[Te] OCGWQDWYSQAFTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical group [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009489 vacuum treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
- H10N10/80—Constructional details
- H10N10/85—Thermoelectric active materials
- H10N10/851—Thermoelectric active materials comprising inorganic compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/547—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on sulfides or selenides or tellurides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
- C04B35/6261—Milling
- C04B35/6262—Milling of calcined, sintered clinker or ceramics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/62605—Treating the starting powders individually or as mixtures
- C04B35/62645—Thermal treatment of powders or mixtures thereof other than sintering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/64—Burning or sintering processes
- C04B35/645—Pressure sintering
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
- H10N10/80—Constructional details
- H10N10/85—Thermoelectric active materials
- H10N10/851—Thermoelectric active materials comprising inorganic compositions
- H10N10/852—Thermoelectric active materials comprising inorganic compositions comprising tellurium, selenium or sulfur
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
- H10N10/80—Constructional details
- H10N10/85—Thermoelectric active materials
- H10N10/851—Thermoelectric active materials comprising inorganic compositions
- H10N10/853—Thermoelectric active materials comprising inorganic compositions comprising arsenic, antimony or bismuth
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3262—Manganese oxides, manganates, rhenium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. MnO
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/327—Iron group oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3272—Iron oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. hematite, magnetite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3281—Copper oxides, cuprates or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. CuO or Cu2O
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3284—Zinc oxides, zincates, cadmium oxides, cadmiates, mercury oxides, mercurates or oxide forming salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3289—Noble metal oxides
- C04B2235/3291—Silver oxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3294—Antimony oxides, antimonates, antimonites or oxide forming salts thereof, indium antimonate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6562—Heating rate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6565—Cooling rate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6567—Treatment time
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/66—Specific sintering techniques, e.g. centrifugal sintering
- C04B2235/661—Multi-step sintering
- C04B2235/662—Annealing after sintering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
- C04B2235/77—Density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/80—Phases present in the sintered or melt-cast ceramic products other than the main phase
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/80—Phases present in the sintered or melt-cast ceramic products other than the main phase
- C04B2235/81—Materials characterised by the absence of phases other than the main phase, i.e. single phase materials
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Description
本発明は、米国エネルギー省により支給された助成番号DE−SC0001054に基づく政府支援を受けてなされた。米国政府は、本発明の一部の権利を保有する。
本願は、米国仮出願第61/668,766号明細書(2012年7月6日出願)の利益を主張する。上記仮出願の全ての開示内容は本明細書に参照として組み込まれる。
本願の開示は、熱電装置のための四面銅鉱構造に基づく熱電材料に関し、特に、四面銅鉱様の熱電物質の製造および使用に関する。
この項目では、必ずしも従来技術ではない本発明に関する背景技術を提供する。熱電材料は、熱を電気に直接変換するために使用される。したがって、エネルギープロセスの効率を実質的に高めることができる。現状の熱電材料は、あまり豊富ではない元素やしばしば毒性を持った元素から構成されている。
ここに示した図は選択された実施形態のみを説明するものであり、全ての実施可能性ではなく、本発明の開示範囲を限定することを意図するものではない。
〔図1〕本発明の教示に基づく四面銅鉱の構造を表した図である。
〔図2a〕組成Cu12−xZnxSb4S13の合成四面銅鉱における室温以上の電気抵抗率を表した図である。
〔図2b〕組成Cu12−xZnxSb4S13の合成四面銅鉱におけるゼーベック係数を表した図である。試料の記号表示は図2aと同様である。
〔図3a〕Cu12−xZnxSb4S13の総格子熱伝導率を表した図である。
〔図3b〕Cu12−xZnxSb4S13の格子熱伝導率を表した図である。
〔図4a〕四面銅鉱Cu12−xZnxSb4S13の温度を関数とした無次元熱電性能指数ZTを表した図である。
〔図4b〕Cu12−xMxSb4S13(M=Zn,Fe)のブリュアンゾーン占有率に対する性能指数を表した図である。
〔図5a〕Cu12−xZn2−xSb4S13試料のX線回折パターンを表した図である。
〔図5b〕Cu12−xFe2−xSb4S13試料のX線回折パターンを表した図である。
〔図6a〕合成した四面銅鉱試料の熱拡散係数を表した図である。
〔図6b〕合成した四面銅鉱試料の比熱容量を表した図である。
〔図6c〕合成試料のT−1に対する伝導率を表した図である。
〔図7〕Cu12−xZn2−xSb4S13の低温における温度の逆数に対する電気伝導率を表した図である。
〔図8〕本発明の教示に基づく熱電装置を表した図である。
〔図9〕本発明の教示に基づく材料の製造方法を表した図である。
〔図10〕様々な製造段階における材料のTEMプロットを表した図である。
〔図11〕様々な製造段階における材料のTEMプロットを表した図である。
〔図12〕上述した材料の様々な材料特性を表した図である。
〔図13〕上述した材料の様々な材料特性を表した図である。
〔図14〕上述した材料の様々な材料特性を表した図である。
〔図15〕上述した材料の様々な材料特性を表した図である。
〔図16〕上述した材料の様々な材料特性を表した図である。
対応する参照数字はいくつかの図を通じて対応する部分を示している。
添付の図面を参考にしながら具体的な実施形態をより十分に説明する。熱電材料は廃熱を電気に変換することができ、工業および日常生活の両方においてエネルギー使用効率を向上させる可能性がある。残念ながら、公知の優れた熱電材料は、しばしば豊富ではない元素および/または毒性を持った元素から構成されており、また慎重なドーピングおよび複雑な合成手順が頻繁に必要となる。ここで、Cu12−xTMxSb4S13(TMは、ZnまたはFeなどの遷移元素である)構造の化合物は、熱電性能指数が高い。これらの化合物では、無次元性能指数が673Kで0.9に達し、他の最新技術のp型熱電材料における同じ温度範囲の性能指数に匹敵する。重要なことは、広範囲のxの値にわたって性能指数が高い値のままであるということである。主な組成は、四面銅鉱として知られる天然鉱物の部類を形成する組成の中に含まれる。地球に豊富にある元素によって構成された熱電材料によって、多くの新しい、低コストの熱電発電の機会の道が開かれるであろう。
(1)化合物が地球に豊富に存在する元素から構成されており、化合物自体が地球の地殻に豊富にあり、広く存在する鉱物である。
(2)化合物が原子質量の小さい元素から構成されていることから、低密度であり、超軽量の装置の作製につながる。
(3)化合物が融解処理、アニール処理、粉末処理以外の特別な処理を必要としない。
(4)化合物が広範囲の組成において大きな熱電性能指数を示すので、合成過程を簡略化することができる。
(5)化合物が四面銅鉱および砒四面銅鉱(テナンタイト)の多数の鉱物群の範囲に及ぶ組成であるので、これらの鉱物を高効率熱電材料源として直接用いることができるため、大幅なコスト削減につながる。
Claims (11)
- 一対の伝導体と、
上記一対の伝導体の間に配置された1つの四面銅鉱の層とを備え、
上記四面銅鉱の層は、Cu12-xMxSb4S13(Mは濃度0<x<2.0のZn、濃度0<x<1.5のFe、およびこれらの組み合わせからなるグループから選択される)を含む熱電装置。 - 上記四面銅鉱が、焼結粉末である請求項1に記載の熱電装置。
- 一対の伝導体と、
上記一対の伝導体の間に配置された1つの四面銅鉱の層とを備え、
上記四面銅鉱の層は、Cu12-xMxSb4-yAsyS13(Mは、濃度0<x<2.0のZn、濃度0<x<1.5のFe、およびこれらの組み合わせからなるグループから選択される)を含む熱電装置。 - Cu12-xMxSb4-yAsyS13(Mは、濃度0<x<2.0のZn、濃度0<x<1.5のFe、およびこれらの組み合わせからなるグループから選択される)を含む焼結された四面銅鉱を含む熱電材料。
- 上記焼結された四面銅鉱は、密度が約95%よりも大きいバルク四面銅鉱を含有する焼結粉末である請求項4に記載の熱電材料。
- 一対の伝導体と、
上記一対の伝導体の間に配置された、Cu12-xMxSb4S13(Mは、Zn、Fe、Hg、Mn、およびこれらの組み合わせからなるグループから選択される)とを備え、
上記Mは、濃度0<x<2.0のZn、濃度0<x<1.5のFe、およびこれらの組み合わせからなるグループから選択される熱電装置。 - 上記Cu12-xMxSb4S13が、焼結粉末の四面銅鉱である請求項6に記載の熱電装置。
- 一対の伝導体と、
上記一対の伝導体の間に配置され、焼結粉末の四面銅鉱を含むp型熱電材料とを備え、
上記焼結粉末の四面銅鉱が、Cu12-xMxSb4S13を含み、
上記Mが、濃度0<x<2.0のZn、濃度0<x<1.5のFe、およびこれらの組み合わせからなるグループから選択される物質を含む熱電装置。 - Cu12-xMxSb4S13(Mは、濃度0<x<2.0のZn、濃度0<x<1.5のFe、およびこれらの組み合わせからなるグループから選択される)を含む四面銅鉱を作製する工程と、
上記四面銅鉱を粉砕し、粉砕された四面銅鉱を形成する工程と、
上記粉砕された四面銅鉱をホットプレスすることによりペレットを形成する工程と、
上記ペレットを、一対の電気伝導体の間に配置する工程とを含む熱電装置の製造方法。 - 上記Cu12-xMxSb4S13を含む四面銅鉱を作製する工程は、化学量論のCu12-xMxSb4S13の混合物を焼結する工程を含む請求項9に記載の熱電装置の製造方法。
- 一対の伝導体と、
上記一対の伝導体の間に配置された1つの四面銅鉱の層とを備え、
上記四面銅鉱の層は、Cu 12-x M x Sb 4 S 13 (Mは、Zn、Fe、およびこれらの組み合わせからなるグループから選択される)を含み、
上記四面銅鉱はブリュアンゾーン占有率が0.8未満であり、
上記四面銅鉱は、密度が95%よりも大きい焼結粉末である熱電装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201261668766P | 2012-07-06 | 2012-07-06 | |
US61/668,766 | 2012-07-06 | ||
PCT/US2013/049350 WO2014008414A1 (en) | 2012-07-06 | 2013-07-03 | Thermoelectric materials based on tetrahedrite structure for thermoelectric devices |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2015528208A JP2015528208A (ja) | 2015-09-24 |
JP6219386B2 true JP6219386B2 (ja) | 2017-10-25 |
Family
ID=48874501
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2015520687A Active JP6219386B2 (ja) | 2012-07-06 | 2013-07-03 | 熱電装置のための四面銅鉱構造に基づく熱電材料 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US9673369B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2870118A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6219386B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20150044883A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN104703947B (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2013286602A1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2878448A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2014008414A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20150044883A (ko) * | 2012-07-06 | 2015-04-27 | 보드 오브 트러스티즈 오브 미시건 스테이트 유니버시티 | 테트라헤드라이트 구조 기반의 열전 소자용 열전 물질 |
WO2015003157A1 (en) | 2013-07-03 | 2015-01-08 | Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University | Thermoelectric materials based on tetrahedrite structure for thermoelectric devices |
JP6593870B2 (ja) * | 2014-08-05 | 2019-10-23 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | 熱電変換材料、およびそれを用いた熱電発電素子、ペルチェ冷却用素子 |
JP6389085B2 (ja) * | 2014-08-27 | 2018-09-12 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 熱電変換材料 |
AU2015324942A1 (en) * | 2014-10-02 | 2017-04-20 | Alphabet Energy, Inc. | Thermoelectric generating unit and methods of making and using same |
US20160190420A1 (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2016-06-30 | Alphabet Energy, Inc. | Electrical and thermal contacts for bulk tetrahedrite material, and methods of making the same |
US20180090655A1 (en) | 2015-03-19 | 2018-03-29 | Rockwool International A/S | Composite material for thermoelectric devices |
US20180233646A1 (en) * | 2015-08-06 | 2018-08-16 | Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University | Thermoelectric materials based on tetrahedrite structure for thermoelectric devices |
JP6668645B2 (ja) | 2015-09-04 | 2020-03-18 | ヤマハ株式会社 | 熱電変換モジュール及びその製造方法 |
WO2017100718A1 (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2017-06-15 | Alphabet Energy, Inc. | Multi-layer thermoelectric generator |
JP6847410B2 (ja) * | 2016-06-10 | 2021-03-24 | 国立研究開発法人産業技術総合研究所 | 熱電変換材料及び熱電変換モジュール |
KR102571834B1 (ko) | 2017-02-16 | 2023-08-30 | 웨이크 포리스트 유니버시티 | 복합 나노입자 조성물 및 어셈블리 |
KR102290764B1 (ko) | 2019-10-04 | 2021-08-18 | 한국교통대학교 산학협력단 | 테트라헤드라이트계 열전재료 및 그의 제조방법 |
CN111883640A (zh) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-11-03 | 河南理工大学 | 一种立方相Cu3SbS3基热电材料及其制备方法 |
CN112331761A (zh) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-02-05 | 安徽信息工程学院 | 天然斑铜矿石高性能热电材料及其快速制备方法和应用 |
EP4113637A1 (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2023-01-04 | CRH Nederland B.V. | A coated substrate |
CA3166015A1 (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2022-12-30 | Crh Nederland B.V. | A concrete composite |
CN114246065A (zh) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-03-29 | 南通欧贝黎新能源电力股份有限公司 | 一种利用太阳能的新型智能无人收割机 |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3256702A (en) | 1962-01-29 | 1966-06-21 | Monsanto Co | Thermoelectric unit and process of using to interconvert heat and electrical energy |
FI57090C (fi) * | 1977-12-28 | 1980-06-10 | Outokumpu Oy | Saett att reglera vaermeinnehaollet och utjaemna temperaturer i olika sulfideringsprocesser |
FI58353C (fi) * | 1978-06-26 | 1981-01-12 | Outokumpu Oy | Foerfarande foer selektiv avlaegsning av foereningar fraon sulfidiska komplexmalmer blandmalmer eller -koncentrat |
JP2002270907A (ja) | 2001-03-06 | 2002-09-20 | Nec Corp | 熱電変換材料とそれを用いた素子 |
JP3929880B2 (ja) * | 2002-11-25 | 2007-06-13 | 京セラ株式会社 | 熱電材料 |
JP4630012B2 (ja) | 2004-06-30 | 2011-02-09 | 財団法人電力中央研究所 | 鉛・テルル系熱電材料および熱電素子 |
JP5099976B2 (ja) * | 2005-03-24 | 2012-12-19 | 株式会社東芝 | 熱電変換材料の製造方法 |
CN100391021C (zh) | 2005-10-21 | 2008-05-28 | 清华大学 | Ag-Pb-Sb-Te热电材料及其制备方法 |
US8221664B2 (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2012-07-17 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Hot axial pressing method |
US8883047B2 (en) | 2008-04-30 | 2014-11-11 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Thermoelectric skutterudite compositions and methods for producing the same |
US8524362B2 (en) | 2009-08-14 | 2013-09-03 | Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute | Doped pnictogen chalcogenide nanoplates, methods of making, and assemblies and films thereof |
CN101993247A (zh) * | 2009-08-28 | 2011-03-30 | 中国科学院物理研究所 | 一种基于钙钛矿结构的单相铁基超导材料及其制备方法 |
CN104396021B (zh) | 2012-01-31 | 2016-10-12 | 陶氏环球技术有限责任公司 | 包括改进的磷属元素化物半导体膜的光伏器件的制造方法 |
KR20150044883A (ko) * | 2012-07-06 | 2015-04-27 | 보드 오브 트러스티즈 오브 미시건 스테이트 유니버시티 | 테트라헤드라이트 구조 기반의 열전 소자용 열전 물질 |
WO2014168963A1 (en) | 2013-04-08 | 2014-10-16 | State Of Oregon Acting By And Through The State Board Of Higher Education On Behalf Of Oregon State | Semiconductor materials |
WO2015003157A1 (en) | 2013-07-03 | 2015-01-08 | Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University | Thermoelectric materials based on tetrahedrite structure for thermoelectric devices |
US20180233646A1 (en) | 2015-08-06 | 2018-08-16 | Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University | Thermoelectric materials based on tetrahedrite structure for thermoelectric devices |
-
2013
- 2013-07-03 KR KR1020157002862A patent/KR20150044883A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2013-07-03 EP EP13740424.0A patent/EP2870118A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2013-07-03 AU AU2013286602A patent/AU2013286602A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-07-03 JP JP2015520687A patent/JP6219386B2/ja active Active
- 2013-07-03 CA CA2878448A patent/CA2878448A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2013-07-03 WO PCT/US2013/049350 patent/WO2014008414A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-07-03 US US14/413,196 patent/US9673369B2/en active Active
- 2013-07-03 CN CN201380036033.5A patent/CN104703947B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2017
- 2017-05-24 US US15/604,011 patent/US10658560B2/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2878448A1 (en) | 2014-01-09 |
CN104703947B (zh) | 2019-05-07 |
JP2015528208A (ja) | 2015-09-24 |
US9673369B2 (en) | 2017-06-06 |
US10658560B2 (en) | 2020-05-19 |
KR20150044883A (ko) | 2015-04-27 |
WO2014008414A1 (en) | 2014-01-09 |
US20170331023A1 (en) | 2017-11-16 |
EP2870118A1 (en) | 2015-05-13 |
AU2013286602A1 (en) | 2015-01-29 |
CN104703947A (zh) | 2015-06-10 |
US20150200345A1 (en) | 2015-07-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6219386B2 (ja) | 熱電装置のための四面銅鉱構造に基づく熱電材料 | |
Peng et al. | Structure and thermoelectric performance of β-Cu2Se doped with Fe, Ni, Mn, In, Zn or Sm | |
Bux et al. | Glass-like lattice thermal conductivity and high thermoelectric efficiency in Yb 9 Mn 4.2 Sb 9 | |
Zheng et al. | High thermoelectric performance of mechanically robust n-type Bi 2 Te 3− x Se x prepared by combustion synthesis | |
Gao et al. | Flux synthesis and thermoelectric properties of eco-friendly Sb doped Mg 2 Si 0.5 Sn 0.5 solid solutions for energy harvesting | |
US10622534B2 (en) | Thermoelectric materials based on tetrahedrite structure for thermoelectric devices | |
Wang et al. | High performance n-type (Bi, Sb) 2 (Te, Se) 3 for low temperature thermoelectric generator | |
Luu et al. | Synthesis, structural characterisation and thermoelectric properties of Bi 1− x Pb x OCuSe | |
Kuropatwa et al. | Thermoelectric properties of stoichiometric compounds in the (SnTe) x (Bi2Te3) y system | |
US9847469B2 (en) | Natural-superlattice-structured thermoelectric material | |
Di et al. | Improving thermoelectric properties of p-type Bi2Te3-based alloys by spark plasma sintering | |
Fu et al. | Study on thermoelectric properties of polycrystalline SnSe by Ge doping | |
KR101663183B1 (ko) | 열전재료, 이를 포함하는 열전모듈과 열전장치 | |
Li et al. | Thermoelectric properties of p-type (Bi2Te3) x (Sb2Te3) 1− x prepared by spark plasma sintering | |
Liu et al. | Enhanced thermoelectric properties of β-Cu2Se by incorporating CuGaSe2 | |
Li et al. | Comparison of thermoelectric performance of AgPbxSbTe20 (x= 20–22.5) polycrystals fabricated by different methods | |
Charoenphakdee et al. | Ag8SiTe6: a new thermoelectric material with low thermal conductivity | |
US9419196B2 (en) | Oxide nanoparticle-dispersed, chalcogenide-based, and phase-separated composite thermoelectric material | |
Gandhi et al. | Influence of GeP precipitates on the thermoelectric properties of P-type GeTe and Ge 0.9− x P x Sb 0.1 Te compounds | |
Shah et al. | EFFECTS OF Pb DOPING ON THE SEEBECK CO-EFFICIENT AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF Tl 8.67 Pb x Sb 1.33-x Te 6 CHALCOGENIDE SYSTEM. | |
Zhang et al. | Influence of Ag substitution on thermoelectric properties of the quaternary diamond-like compound Zn2Cu3In3Te8 | |
Jiang et al. | Enhanced thermoelectric performance in GaxCo4Sb12. 3-yTey skutterudites via suppressing bipolar effects for commercial application | |
Gao et al. | Study on the effect of Pb partial substitution for Te on the thermoelectric properties of La3Te4− xPbx materials | |
US20180233646A1 (en) | Thermoelectric materials based on tetrahedrite structure for thermoelectric devices | |
JP2007053259A (ja) | 炭素、窒素をドープしてなる希土類多ホウ化物系高温耐酸性n型熱電材料とその製造方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20160219 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20161207 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20161220 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20170321 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20170404 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20170704 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20170831 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20170912 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20170927 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 6219386 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |