JP6196091B2 - カプセル剤 - Google Patents
カプセル剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6196091B2 JP6196091B2 JP2013156611A JP2013156611A JP6196091B2 JP 6196091 B2 JP6196091 B2 JP 6196091B2 JP 2013156611 A JP2013156611 A JP 2013156611A JP 2013156611 A JP2013156611 A JP 2013156611A JP 6196091 B2 JP6196091 B2 JP 6196091B2
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Landscapes
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Description
上記したソフトカプセル及び液体充填ハードカプセルは、内容液に水、水溶液を含むと、カプセル皮膜が溶け易く、外部の温度、湿度、包装形態にもよるが、通常の室温保管では、注入後の製造工程、流通段階、保管中に内容液を漏出し、製品として機能しなくなるので、内容液の基剤は大半が油液になっている。
そして、この例外としてポリエチレングリコール(PEG)400〜1000水溶液をカプセル内容液の基剤としたものが、医薬品分野でニフェジピンなどの舌下吸収、即効性のソフトカプセル製剤として細々と市販されている。
しかしPEG400〜1000は我国では食品として使用することはできず、又、合成品であることから、食品として使用できる国においても実際にはほとんど使用されていない。
この新規の親水性基剤はポリデキストロース、キシロオリゴ糖、またはL−カルニチンの水溶液である。
以下、本発明のカプセル剤について詳細に説明する。
基剤は、水溶性のポリデキストロース、キシロオリゴ糖、またはL−カルニチンを水で溶解させたものである。これらは単独で使用しても、併用してもよい。
これらは、特に共通の構造的特徴は無いが、膨大な候補を試験に供した上で見出したものである。
水溶性の食物繊維には、他にもあり、例えば、ジャガイモのデンプンを処理して得られる難消化性デキストリン、寒天が挙げられるが、カプセルへの製剤化や分散性の面から、ポリデキストロースが実用に耐え得ると確認されている。
オリゴ糖は、他にもあり、例えば、ガラクトオリゴ糖、フラクトオリゴ糖が挙げられるが、カプセルへの製剤化や分散性の面から、キシロオリゴ糖が実用に耐え得ると確認されている。
目的成分の用途に関しては、所謂健康食品や入浴剤だけでなく、医薬品や医薬部外品も含まれる。具体的には、油性物質としてはビタミンA、ビタミンD、コエンザイムQ10、ドコサヘキサエン酸(DHA)、エイコサペンタエン酸(EPA)等が挙げられ、水溶性物質としてはビタミンB群、ビタミンC、コラーゲン等や、生薬、動植物、発酵物等を水又は含水アルコール等で抽出した水性エキス等が挙げられ、難溶性物質としてはセサミン、ジンセノサイド等が挙げられる。
更に、防腐剤、着色剤、酸化チタン等の添加成分を加えることもできる。
但し、上記の薬剤は、いずれも、親水性基剤としての特性を損なわない範囲で加えられるべきものであり、合わせても精々10質量%程度に収めるのが好ましい。
カプセル皮膜の素材はカプセルに成形でき、且つ水溶性であれば特に限定されず、動物系のゼラチンを基剤とし、グリセリン等の可塑剤を含むものが代表的であるが、これに限定されず、植物系のプルラン、寒天、カラギーナン、デンプン、デンプン分解物、アルギン酸やHPMC(ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース)、ジェランガム等や、これらの酸化・アルカリ化した増粘多糖類も使用できる。
ゼラチン系では、ゼラチンがアミノ基を有しているため内容液側に配合する成分の種類によっては不溶化するため、それを阻止するために分子量の小さいポリペプチドのような水溶性高分子物質を含ませる場合もあるが、その場合でも本発明では内容液側の基剤を上記したもので構成することで、皮膜の変形や溶解は阻止される。
カプセル剤は、常法により製造できる。例えば、ハードカプセル剤の場合には成型した空カプセルに内容液を充填して封止することで製造でき、ソフトカプセル剤の場合には金型が回転式のロータリーダイを利用して、二枚の皮膜シートの間にその内容液をそのまま充填しながら立体成型することで製造できる。
本試験の処方および評価結果を以下の表1〜5に示す。
Claims (3)
- カプセル内容液の親水性基剤としてポリデキストロース、またはキシロオリゴ糖の水溶液を用い、ソフトカプセル剤または液体充填ハードカプセルとして製剤化したことを特徴とするカプセル剤。
- 請求項1に記載したカプセル剤において、目的成分として油溶性成分及び/または難溶性成分を親水性基剤に含ませたことを特徴とするカプセル剤。
- 請求項1または2に記載したカプセル剤において、体内吸収を向上させたことを特徴とするカプセル剤。
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