JP6192118B2 - In-situ unsaturated permeability test equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an in-situ unsaturated water permeability test apparatus, and in particular, is used by being installed on the ground surface of an unsaturated region to be measured, and data relating to moisture content of soil for grasping the infiltration characteristics of the ground. The present invention relates to an in-situ unsaturated water permeability test apparatus.

  In the Great East Japan Earthquake, soil contamination by tsunami deposits containing natural heavy metals has been reported. In the future, heavy metal materials that flow out of tsunami deposits due to rainfall, etc. are expected to cause groundwater contamination. It is also possible that man-made heavy metals will diffuse from the debris collection site that occurred in the earthquake disaster area. When considering countermeasures against such groundwater contamination, in addition to the flow of groundwater, the gap between soil particles is not filled with pore water from the ground surface to the groundwater level in the ground. It is necessary to grasp the flow of seepage flow in the ground of the unsaturated region.

  Further, various in-situ permeability test apparatuses and in-situ permeability test methods have been proposed as apparatuses and methods for grasping the flow of the osmotic flow in the ground of the unsaturated region (for example, Patent Document 1, Patent Document) 2). In addition, as a test for grasping the seepage characteristics of the ground in the unsaturated region, a vertical one-dimensional unsteady seepage flow is generated in the ground, and the pressure head distribution and moisture content distribution (water content distribution) in the seepage region are Instantaneous profiling method (hereinafter referred to as IP method) that measures the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity and moisture characteristic curve of the target area from the results of measuring each time-dependent change, and preferably the volume in the depth direction of the ground From the measurement data of time-dependent changes in moisture content in the ground, measured using a commercially available insertion-type soil moisture meter capable of measuring moisture content profiling at multiple points in real time, for example, the VanGenuchten model ( There has also been proposed a method for analyzing the infiltration characteristics of the ground in the unsaturated region based on the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity calculated based on the model formula (hereinafter referred to as VG model) (for example, See Patent Document 1)).

JP 2000-352042 A JP 2007-198027 A

Soil and foundation, 54-5 (580), "In-situ permeability test in unsaturated ground, measurement method of unsaturated hydraulic conductivity using moisture distribution meter", May 2006 Geotechnical Society

  According to the conventional test apparatus and method for grasping the flow of the osmotic flow in the ground of the unsaturated region, the cylinder, the injection tube, and the osmotic tube for storing the water that permeates the ground of the unsaturated region. By keeping the water level at a constant level or pressurizing the water level of the stored water by sending compressed air, the stored water can be used as permeated water on the ground in the unsaturated region by the hydrostatic pressure or the pressure of the compressed air. It is designed to penetrate.

  For this reason, according to the conventional test apparatus and method, it is easy to infiltrate water to a depth of about several tens of centimeters from the ground surface, but for example, the water is infiltrated to a depth of about 1 m to If you want to know the infiltration characteristics, or if the target ground is a low-permeability ground, it will take too much time to penetrate the water to the specified depth, making it difficult to test efficiently. . In addition, when it is desired to test by changing the pressure of water to be infiltrated, or when it is desired to infiltrate water at a high pressure of, for example, about 0.01 MPa to 0.1 MPa, the adjustment is difficult and requires large equipment. It will be.

  According to the present invention, with a simple configuration, water can be more smoothly permeated to a predetermined depth of the ground in the unsaturated region, and data for grasping the permeation characteristics of the ground in the unsaturated region can be efficiently obtained. It is an object of the present invention to provide an in-situ unsaturated water permeability test apparatus that can easily adjust the pressure of water to be permeated and can permeate water at a high pressure.

  The present invention is used by being installed on the ground surface of an unsaturated region to be measured, and is used for in-situ unsaturated permeability test apparatus for acquiring data on moisture content of soil for grasping the seepage characteristics of the ground. And a convex hermetic lid with an open bottom surface, and a center of the hermetic water lid, which is installed in a state in which the outer peripheral portion is in close water-tight contact with the ground surface through a laying adhesive material. A closed moisture injection device that extends downward from a portion and is inserted and disposed in the ground, the soil moisture meter having a plurality of moisture sensors, and the inside of the sealed water filling lid communicated with each other via a feed pipe and a return pipe. In-situ unsaturation comprising a water supply pump configured to supply pressure water to the inside of the hermetic water-filling lid while circulating the pressure water to and from the water supply tank in a state where the inside of the lid is filled with pressure water By providing a water permeability test device, the above objective is achieved. One in which the.

  In the in-situ unsaturated water permeability test apparatus according to the present invention, the sealed water-pouring lid is integrally provided with a flange plate provided with a plurality of anchor holes provided so as to protrude outward from the opening edge of the opening surface. By placing the flange plate on the upper surface of the laid adhesive material and driving an anchor member toward the laid adhesive material and the ground, the hermetic water-filling lid has an outer peripheral portion placed on the ground. It is preferable to be installed in a state of being in close contact with the surface in a watertight manner.

  In the in-situ unsaturated water permeability test apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the soil moisture meter is inserted into the ground through the central portion of the sealed water filling lid in a watertight state.

  Further, the in-situ unsaturated water permeability test apparatus of the present invention is provided with a flow rate adjusting valve at a connection portion of the sealed water-filling lid with the feed pipe and / or the return pipe, and the flow rate adjusting valve allows pressure water to flow. It is preferable that the pressure of the pressure water filled in the sealed water pouring lid can be adjusted by adjusting the flow rate of the water.

  Furthermore, in the in-situ unsaturated water permeability test apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that a pressure gauge for measuring the pressure of the pressure water filled therein is provided in the sealed water filling lid.

  Moreover, in the in-situ unsaturated water permeability test apparatus of the present invention, it is preferable that the sealed water-filling lid is connected to a drain pipe.

  According to the in-situ unsaturated permeability test apparatus of the present invention, with a simple configuration, water can be more smoothly permeated to a predetermined depth of the ground in the unsaturated region, and the permeation characteristics of the ground in the unsaturated region can be grasped. Data can be obtained efficiently, the pressure of water to be permeated can be easily adjusted, and water can be permeated at a high pressure.

It is sectional drawing explaining the structure of the in-situ unsaturated permeability test apparatus which concerns on preferable one Embodiment of this invention.

  The in-situ unsaturated permeability test apparatus 10 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 uses a model formula based on, for example, a VG model as a test method for grasping the infiltration characteristics of the ground in the unsaturated region. In the test method for calculating the saturated hydraulic conductivity, the permeated water is smoothly permeated into the ground from the ground surface 30a of the ground 30 in the unsaturated region to be measured, and preferably the volumetric water content in the depth direction of the ground 30 Is employed as an apparatus for making it easy to obtain the above profiling. Moreover, although the in-situ unsaturated permeability test apparatus 10 of this embodiment has a simple configuration, the permeated water is infiltrated into the ground 30 in the unsaturated region by changing the pressure, or 0.01 MPa to 0. It is possible to infiltrate at a high pressure of about 1 MPa, and to understand the infiltration characteristics of the ground 30 in the unsaturated region to be measured more efficiently, for example, by a VG model, for example, to a depth of about 1 m. It has a function.

  And the in-situ unsaturated permeability test apparatus 10 of this embodiment is installed and used on the ground surface 30a of the ground 30 of the unsaturated area | region used as a measuring object, and the soil for grasping | ascertaining the seepage characteristic of this ground 30 is used. As shown in FIG. 1, it is a test apparatus that acquires data relating to moisture content (volumetric moisture content), and is installed in a state in which the outer peripheral portion is in close water tight contact with the ground surface 30a with the laying adhesive material 17 interposed therebetween. A convex sealed water-filling lid 11 whose lower surface is an open surface, and a plurality of moisture sensors 12a that extend downward from a central portion of the sealed water-filling lid 11 and are inserted into the ground. Pressure water between the moisture meter 12 and the water supply tank 16 is communicated with the inside of the sealed water filling lid 11 via the feed pipe 13 and the return pipe 14 so that the inside of the sealed water filling lid 11 is filled with pressure water. Sealed water filling lid with pressure water while circulating 1 supplied to the internal, constructed and a water supply pump 15.

  Further, the in-situ unsaturated water permeability test apparatus 10 of the present embodiment includes a flange plate in which a sealed water pouring lid 11 is provided so as to protrude outward from the opening edge of the opening surface on the lower surface, and a plurality of anchor holes 11b are formed. 11a is provided as an integral part, and the flange plate 11a is placed on the upper surface of the laying adhesive member 17 and the anchor member 19 is driven toward the laying adhesive member 17 and the ground 30, so that the sealed water-filling lid 11 is provided. The flange plate 11a in the outer peripheral portion is installed in a state where the flange plate 11a is in close contact with the ground surface 30a in a watertight manner.

  Furthermore, the in-situ unsaturated water permeability test apparatus 10 of the present embodiment is connected to a connection portion of the sealed water-filling lid 11 with the feed pipe 13 and / or the return pipe 14 (in this embodiment, a connection portion with the return pipe 14). A flow rate adjusting valve 20 is provided, and by adjusting the flow rate of the pressure water by the flow rate adjusting valve 20, the pressure of the pressure water filled in the sealed water filling lid 11 can be adjusted.

  In the present embodiment, the sealed water-filling lid 11 constituting the in-situ unsaturated water permeability test apparatus 10 can be easily formed by subjecting a metal plate having a thickness of, for example, about 5 mm to bending or welding. it can. The sealed water-filling lid 11 is formed by, for example, joining a belt-shaped peripheral wall plate 11d having a height of about 30 mm along the periphery of a substantially square top plate 11c having a size of about 300 mm in length and width, for example. A flat convex lid body 11e having an opening surface, and a flange having a width of about 100 mm, for example, projecting outward from the lower end edge of the peripheral wall plate 11d of the lid body 11e to the outside and integrally joined. Plate 11a. As a result, the sealed water-injecting lid 11 as a whole is formed to have a substantially square planar shape having a size of about 500 mm in length and width, for example, and has a height of about 30 mm, for example.

  In the present embodiment, a plurality of anchor holes 11b having a size of, for example, about 7 mm are formed through the flange plate 11a of the sealed water-injecting lid 11. A large number of anchor holes 11b are preferably formed on the entire surface of the flange plate 11a in a substantially uniformly distributed state. The number and arrangement positions of the anchor holes 11b can be appropriately designed in consideration of the pressure of the pressure water filled in the sealed water-injecting lid 11, the length of the anchor member 19, the soil quality of the ground 30, and the like.

  In this embodiment, a known penetrating metal fitting 21 having a sealing function for penetrating the soil moisture meter 12 in a watertight state is attached to the upper surface plate 11 c of the sealed water pouring lid 11. Moreover, well-known joint metal fittings 22a, 22b, and 22c for connecting the feed pipe 13 and the return pipe 14 and a drain pipe 24, which will be described later, to the inside of the sealed water-filling lid 11 are attached by a known method.

  The through metal fitting 21 has, for example, an inner diameter similar to the outer diameter of the guide tube 12c of the moisture meter 12 in the soil, and an annular outer side from the lower end portion of the cylindrical sleeve portion 21a. It is composed of a joint flange portion 21b provided so as to overhang. The through metal fitting 21 integrally joins the joining flange portion 21b to the opening peripheral edge portion of the circular rod insertion hole 11f having an inner diameter of about 27 mm, which is formed through the central portion of the upper surface plate 11c. Is attached to the sealed water-injecting lid 11 in a state in which it is erected from the upper surface plate 11b. When installing the sealed water-filling lid 11 on the ground surface 30a of the ground 30 to be measured, the guide tube 12c of the soil moisture meter 12 is buried in the ground prior to this, so that the guide is erected from the ground surface 30a. The upper end portion of the tube 12c is inserted into the cylindrical sleeve portion 21a from below. By inserting the soil moisture meter 12 into the guide tube 12c, the soil moisture meter 12 penetrates the central portion of the sealed water-filling lid 11 in a water-tight state and is inserted into the ground, and the upper end portion of the soil moisture meter 12 extends upward from the upper surface plate 11c. It will be installed protruding.

  In the present embodiment, for example, a known small pressure gauge 23 is attached to a joint fitting 22 a that connects the feed pipe 13 to the inside of the sealed water-filling lid 11. The pressure of the pressure water filled in the sealed water injection lid 11 is measured by the small pressure gauge 23 so that the pressure of the pressure water can be easily managed.

  Further, the flow rate adjusting valve 20 is preferably attached to a joint fitting 22b that connects the return pipe 14 to the inside of the sealed water-filling lid 11. The flow rate adjustment valve 20 uses a valve member having a known mechanism capable of adjusting the cross-sectional area of the flow path of the pressure water and controlling the flow rate of the pressure water passing through the flow rate adjustment valve 20. it can. By controlling the flow rate of the pressure water returned from the inside of the sealed water filling lid 11 to the water supply tank 16 via the return pipe 14 by the flow rate adjusting valve 20, it is pumped from the water supply pump 15 via the feed pipe 13 and sealed. The pressure of the pressure water filled in the water injection lid 11 can be easily adjusted within a range of, for example, about 0.001 MPa to 0.1 MPa.

  In the present embodiment, a flow rate adjusting valve and an opening / closing valve can be appropriately provided also in the joint fitting 22a to which the feed pipe 13 is connected and the joint fitting 22c to which the drain pipe 23 is connected. Moreover, in this embodiment, it connects with the inside of the sealing water-injection lid | cover 11 via the joint metal fitting 22c, and the drain pipe 24 is provided. The drain pipe 24 is supported by the auxiliary stand 25, and its tip is disposed at a position considerably higher than the ground surface 30a. The drain pipe 24 functions as a safety valve by opening the valve 22c to open the pressure water inside the sealed water-filling lid 11 to the atmosphere, and when the pressure water pressure is unexpectedly increased. The inside of the sealed water injection lid 11 can be urgently depressurized.

  In the present embodiment, the feed pipe 13 and the return pipe 14 that circulate the pressure water between the inside of the sealed water-filling lid 11 and the water supply tank 16 and the water supply pump 15 and circulate the pressure water between them, and the drain pipe 24 are, for example, φ10 mm. Various known pressure-resistant hoses having a thickness and flexibility can be used. As the feed water pump 15, for example, various known feed water pumps that can supply pressure water having a maximum pressure of about 0.2 MPa can be used. As the water supply tank 16, a known simple water supply tank having a capacity of about 20 L, such as a polyethylene tank, can be used. Since the water supply tank can be appropriately replenished with water, the amount of water necessary to permeate water to the depth of the moisture sensor 12a can be easily supplied. A filter 26 for removing soil particles and the like contained in the pressure water returned from the sealed water-filling lid 11 is provided at a portion where the return pipe 14 is connected to the water supply tank 16.

  In this embodiment, as the soil moisture meter 12, various commercially available insertion-type soil moisture meters that can measure volume moisture content profiling in real time at multiple points in the depth direction of the ground are used. can do. More specifically, for example, “profile probe PR2 / 6” manufactured by Delta-T can be preferably used. By using the “profile probe PR2 / 6”, it becomes possible to measure the volumetric water content at a depth of 10 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm, 40 cm, 60 cm, and 100 cm from the ground surface.

  In the present embodiment, the soil moisture meter 12 has a plurality of moisture sensors 12a arranged at predetermined intervals under a polycarbonate rod portion 12b having a length of about 1350 mm and a thickness of about φ25 mm. It is formed by attaching. The soil moisture meter 12 uses a dedicated auger to provide a measurement hole having an inner diameter of, for example, about 25 mm in the ground 30 prior to the installation of the sealed water-filling lid 11 on the ground surface 30a of the ground 30 to be measured. After forming in the vertical direction up to the depth, the lower end of the rod portion 12b to which the plurality of moisture sensors 12a are attached is inserted into the formed measurement hole in a state protected by the guide tube 12c, thereby the upper end of the rod portion 12b. The portion can be installed on the ground 30 with the portion standing from the ground surface 30a. After that, installation work of the sealed water pouring lid 11 is performed.

  In order to install the sealed water filling lid 11 on the ground surface 30a of the ground 30 to be measured, first, the upper end portion of the rod portion 12b and the guide tube 12c of the installed soil moisture meter 12 standing from the ground surface 30a. As a center, the ground surface 30a around the ground is leveled, and the flange plate 11a is disposed at a position away from the rod portion 12b and the guide tube 12c and at which the flange plate 11a of the sealed water-filling lid 11 is disposed. The laying adhesion material 17 is laid in a substantially square annular shape with the same width as. Here, as the laying adhesion material 17, the laying adhesion material 17 absorbs the unevenness of the ground surface 30 a and the lower surface of the flange plate 11 a by solidifying from a soft state such as bentonite and water-expandable material. Various well-known laying adhesive materials 17 capable of bringing them into close contact with each other can be used. In addition, the laying adhesion material 17 is laid with a water shielding sheet interposed between the ground surface 30a and the lower surface of the flange plate 11a, thereby improving the water tightness around the installed water-sealing lid 11. It becomes possible to hold firmly. Furthermore, the pressure of the pressure water inside the sealed water-filling lid 11 is preferably increased by forming a solidified layer 30b by infiltrating a known ground surface solidifying agent into the ground 30 of the surface portion immediately below the laying adhesive material 17. When raised, it is possible to more effectively prevent the formation of a water channel on the ground surface 30b. As the ground surface solidifying agent, for example, “Flynet R” manufactured by Fuji Sash Corporation can be preferably used.

  If the laying adhesive material 17 is laid at the position where the flange plate 11a of the sealed water pouring lid 11 around the rod portion 12b is disposed, the sealing water pouring lid 11 as described above before the laying adhesive material 17 is not yet solidified. The rod insertion hole 11f and the cylindrical sleeve portion 21a of the through metal fitting 21 are inserted on the upper surface of the laying adhesive material 17 on which the flange plate 11a is laid while inserting the upper end portion of the rod portion 12b standing from the ground surface 30a. Then, the sealed water pouring lid 11 is installed on the ground surface 30a of the ground 30 to be measured. After that, a plurality of anchor members 19 are driven toward the laying contact material 17 and the ground 30 through the plurality of anchor holes 11b formed in the flange plate 11a. Then, when the inside of the hermetically sealed water filling lid 11 is filled with water, the water oozes out into the laying adhesive material 17 where the laying adhesive material 17 is solidified. It can be installed in a state of being in close contact with the surface 30a in a watertight manner.

  When the sealed water pouring lid 11 is installed on the ground surface 30 a of the ground 30 to be measured, the feed pipe 13, the return pipe 14 and the drain pipe 24 are connected to the installed air pouring lid 11, and By circulating the pressure water between the inside and the water supply pump 15 or the water supply tank 16 and filling the inside of the sealed water filling lid 11 with the pressure water, the filled pressure water is grounded on the ground 30 to be measured. It will be in the state which can be permeated as osmotic water inside. In addition, the soil moisture meter 12, the small pressure gauge 23, the water supply pump 15 and the like are connected to a data processing unit (not shown) including a data logger and a personal computer via wirings, thereby measuring various kinds of measured values. The measurement data can be processed.

  And according to the in-situ unsaturated permeability test apparatus 10 of the present embodiment having the above-described configuration, the water is smoothly infiltrated to a predetermined depth of the ground 30 in the unsaturated region with a simple configuration, and the unsaturated It is possible to efficiently obtain data for grasping the seepage characteristics of the ground in the region, and it is possible to easily adjust the pressure of the infiltrated water and to infiltrate the water at a high pressure. Is possible.

  In other words, the in-situ unsaturated water permeability test apparatus 10 of the present embodiment is installed in a state where the outer peripheral portion is in close water-tight contact with the ground surface 30a with the laying adhesive material 17 interposed therebetween, and the convex surface with the lower surface serving as an opening surface A sealed water-filling lid 11 having a shape, a soil moisture meter 12 including a plurality of moisture sensors 12a extending downward from the central portion of the hermetic water-filling lid 11 and arranged in the ground; And the feed pipe 13 and the return pipe 14, and the pressure water is sealed while the pressure water is circulated between the water supply tank 16 in a state where the pressure water is filled in the inside of the water seal lid 11. The feed water pump 15 is supplied to the inside of the machine.

  Therefore, according to the in-situ unsaturated water permeability test apparatus 10 of the present embodiment, it can be easily formed by using the compact watertight lid 11, the water supply tank 16 and the water supply pump 15 that are widely used, and the above-mentioned. By such a simple construction method, it can be easily installed and used on the ground surface 30a of the ground 30 to be measured. Moreover, in a state where the inside of the sealed water injection lid 11 is filled with pressure water, the pressure water is supplied to the inside of the closed water injection lid 11 while circulating the pressure water between the water supply tank 16 and the filled pressure water is supplied. Since it penetrates the ground as osmotic water, for example, by adjusting the supply pressure of the pressure water by the water supply pump 15 or by adjusting the flow rate of the pressure water circulated by the flow rate adjustment valve 20, The pressure can be easily adjusted. Further, for example, by increasing the supply pressure of the pressure water by the water supply pump 15 or by restricting the flow rate adjusting valve 20, the pressure of the pressure water filled in the sealed water-injecting lid 11 is set to, for example, 0.01 MPa to 0.00. It can be easily maintained at a high pressure of about 1 MPa.

  Accordingly, according to the present embodiment, for example, when water is permeated to a depth of about 1 m to grasp the permeation characteristics of the ground 30 in the unsaturated region, or when the target ground 30 is a ground with low water permeability. However, by maintaining the pressure water at a high pressure with a simple configuration, the permeated water can be more smoothly permeated to a predetermined depth of the ground 30 in the unsaturated region, and data for grasping the permeation characteristics can be efficiently obtained. It becomes possible to get well.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made. For example, the sealed water filling lid does not necessarily have a substantially square planar shape, and may have various other planar shapes such as a substantially rectangular shape and a substantially circular shape. The sealed water pouring lid does not necessarily need to be in close water tight contact with the ground surface via the flange plate. For example, the laying adhesive material is interposed by other means such as a method of embedding the outer periphery of the sealed water pouring lid in the ground. It is also possible to make the outer peripheral portion of the sealed water pouring lid adhere to the ground surface in a watertight manner.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 In-situ unsaturated water permeability test apparatus 11 Sealed water-filling lid 11a Flange plate 11b Anchor hole 11c Upper surface plate 11d Perimeter wall plate 11e Lid main body 11f Rod insertion hole 12 Soil moisture meter 12a Moisture sensor 12b Rod part 12c Guide tube 13 Feeding tube 14 Return tube 15 Water supply pump 16 Water supply tank 17 Laying adhesion material 19 Anchor member 20 Flow rate adjusting valve 21 Through fitting 21a Cylindrical sleeve portion 21b Joint flange portions 22a, 22b, 22c Giant fitting 23 Small pressure gauge 24 Drain pipe 25 Auxiliary stand 26 Filter 30 Measurement Unsaturated region ground 30a Ground surface 30b Solidified layer

Claims (6)

An in-situ unsaturated permeability test device that is used by installing on the ground surface of the unsaturated region to be measured, and that acquires data on the moisture content of the soil for grasping the seepage characteristics of the ground,
Installed with a laying adhesive material in a state where the outer peripheral part is in close contact with the ground surface in a watertight manner, a convex sealed water-filling lid whose bottom surface is an open surface, and downward from the central part of the sealed water-filling lid A soil moisture meter having a plurality of moisture sensors, which is extended and inserted into the ground, communicates with the inside of the sealed water filling lid via a feed pipe and a return pipe, and enters the inside of the sealed water filling lid. An in-situ unsaturated water permeability test apparatus configured to include a water supply pump that supplies pressure water to the inside of the hermetic water-filling lid while circulating the pressure water with a water supply tank in a state where the pressure water is filled.   The sealed water-injecting lid is integrally provided with a flange plate that projects outward from the opening edge of the opening surface and has a plurality of anchor holes formed on the upper surface of the laid adhesive material. The sealed water pouring lid is installed in a state where an outer peripheral portion is in close contact with the ground surface by placing a flange plate and driving an anchor member toward the laying close contact material and the ground. The in-situ unsaturated permeability test apparatus according to 1.   The in-situ unsaturated water permeability test apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the soil moisture meter is inserted into the ground through a central portion of the hermetic water filling lid in a watertight state.   A flow rate adjustment valve is provided at a connection portion of the sealed water injection lid with the feed pipe and / or the return pipe, and the flow rate of the pressure water is adjusted by the flow rate adjustment valve so that the inside of the closed water injection lid is The in-situ unsaturated water permeability test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the pressure of the pressure water filled in the tank can be adjusted.   The in-situ unsaturated permeation test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a pressure gauge for measuring the pressure water filled inside is provided on the sealed water injection lid.   The in-situ unsaturated water permeability test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the sealed water pouring lid is connected to a drain pipe.

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