JP6161586B2 - Granular material grinding equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a granular material grinding apparatus for grinding granular materials such as various aggregates and soils by shot blasting.

In recent years, the disposal of a large amount of concrete waste generated with the dismantling of various concrete structures has become a problem.
The aggregated material such as coarse aggregate and fine aggregate, which is a granular material contained inside by crushing the waste concrete material, is used as recycled aggregate.

  Simply crushing the concrete waste will leave deposits such as mortar components on the aggregate surface. If recycled aggregates are used with deposits remaining, the quality of the concrete will deteriorate, so deposits must be removed as much as possible.

A shot blasting type grinding apparatus that removes adhered mortar of recycled aggregate is disclosed in Patent Document 1.
In this grinding apparatus, a rotor that rotates around a vertical axis is placed in a sealed space, and abrasive particles projected horizontally from the rotor collide against recycled aggregate that has fallen under its own weight from the top of the rotor. Is to be removed.

JP 2011-111342 A

The conventional grinding equipment has the following points to be improved.
<1> The conventional grinding apparatus has a structure in which the reclaimed aggregate is shot blasted in a moment when the falling aggregate passes through the projection area of the abrasive grains. Is very short, and there is a limit to increasing crushing efficiency and grinding efficiency.
<2> The abrasive grains cannot collide with the deep layer portion of the regenerated aggregate group that is falling, and it is technically difficult to collide the abrasive grains uniformly over the entire regenerated aggregate group.
<3> According to the above 1 and 2, the removal efficiency of the deposit is low, and in order to remove the adhered mortar of the recycled aggregate almost completely, it is necessary to repeat the shot blasting operation.
<4> Since the grinding apparatus described in Patent Document 1 does not have a classification function, after performing shot blasting with the grinding apparatus, the recycled aggregate containing abrasive grains is transferred to a separate classifier by pipe. Thus, classification must be performed, which not only increases the size of the entire plant but also increases costs.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object thereof is to provide at least one of the following granular material grinding apparatuses.
<1> Efficient grinding by allowing abrasive grains to collide evenly with the entire granular material.
<2> Having both a classification function and a function of circulating abrasive grains.
<3> To reduce the size and cost of the device.

The present invention is a horizontal grinding apparatus that removes deposits by projecting abrasive grains onto a raw material containing particulate matter, the blast rotor that discharges abrasive grains by centrifugal force due to rotation, and rotating the blast rotor The rotary sorter having a sealed structure having a screen outside the blast rotor, raw material supply means for supplying a raw material containing particulate matter into the rotary sorter, and supplying abrasive grains to the blast rotor The rotary sorting machine has a tapered rotating cylinder having a slope surface inclined from the small diameter portion toward the large diameter portion, and an inner peripheral surface of the large diameter portion of the rotating cylinder. A plurality of blades formed radially, inside the large-diameter portion of the rotating cylinder, and for the abrasive particles at the position where the abrasive particles separated and collected in the rotary sorter scooped up by the blades fall by their own weight Collecting shoots Only, while recirculating a part of the abrasive grains recovered through collection chute for the abrasive grains to the abrasive particles supply means, the abrasive from the blast rotor toward the raw particulate material to be diffused in the screen of the rotary sorter And shot blasting.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the particulate material collecting chute further includes a particulate material collecting chute, and the particulate material collecting chute collected by a rotary sorter scooped up by a plurality of blades is subjected to gravity falling position of the ground granular material separated and recovered Provided.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the screen is composed of a plurality of divided screens, and a gap through which the granular material can pass is formed in a superposed portion where the ends of adjacent divided screens are overlapped.
In another aspect of the invention, the abrasive grain supply means is a screw conveyor.
In another embodiment of the present invention, a dust collector is further included, and suspended matter such as fine powder and dust floating in the rotary sorter is sucked and collected by the dust collector.
In another aspect of the invention, the particulate material comprises reclaimed aggregate, contaminated aggregate, or contaminated soil.

The present invention has at least one of the following effects.
<1> Since the abrasive grains can collide evenly toward the granular material spread in layers within the screen of the rotary sorter, the granular material and the abrasive grains are classified, and the entire granular material is efficiently polished. Crushing can be performed.
<2> A recirculation path is formed inside the rotary sorter that allows a part of the granular material separated and recovered to be returned to the abrasive grain supply means, so that the abrasive grains are circulated in the apparatus and used repeatedly without being taken out of the apparatus. can do.
<3> With a single grinding device, not only grinding work but also multiple work such as classification work and recovery work such as abrasive grains can be performed. Is possible.
<4> By repeatedly using the abrasive grains, it is finally polished and can be recovered as high-quality recycled sand.
<5> When the granular material is recycled aggregate, if the raw materials collide with each other at high speed, the aggregate itself is more likely to be crushed and fragmented, but in the present invention, polishing with a small mass (diameter) is performed. Since the grains collide with the raw material having a large mass (diameter), the recycled aggregate is not crushed more than necessary.
Therefore, the production efficiency of the recycled aggregate having a product size (5 mm or more) is improved, and the problem of a large amount of powdered waste can be avoided by avoiding powdering of the recycled aggregate.
<6> Even when particulate materials such as aggregates and soil are contaminated, the contaminants adhering to the surface can be removed by grinding and efficiently decontaminated.
<7> By attaching a dust collector, it is possible to efficiently suck and collect fine particles, dust, or suspended matters such as pollutants, which float in the rotary sorter.

Model diagram of a granular material grinding apparatus according to the present invention Top view of grinding device Sectional view of III-III in FIG. Sectional view of IV-IV in FIG. Exploded view with part of the grinding device broken Sectional view of the grinding device for explaining the discharge route of recycled aggregate

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
In this example, a granular material is an aggregate, and the form which produces | generates a reproduction | regeneration aggregate from the raw material containing an aggregate is demonstrated.

<1> Grinding device Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the grinding device 10 projects the abrasive grains B onto the raw material A and deposits such as mortar attached to the surface without destroying the aggregate. This is a horizontal type composite apparatus having a function of removing, a function of classifying aggregates and the like after shot blasting, and a function of collecting abrasive grains B used for shot blasting and returning them to a shot blasting projection source.
The grinding apparatus 10 includes a blast rotor 20 that rotates in one direction around a horizontal rotation axis, and accommodates the blast rotor 20 therein, and is opposite to the blast rotor 20 around a horizontal virtual rotation axis, or A cylindrical rotary sorter 30 that rotates in the same direction.
In this example, the blast rotor 20 and the rotary sorter 30 both rotate in the horizontal direction. However, the blast rotor 20 and the rotary sorter 30 rotate in a state of being slightly tilted up and down with respect to the horizontal. Also includes form.

<1.1> Drive Source Referring to FIG. 2, the blast rotor 20, the rotation sorter 30, and the screw conveyor 40 are rotated by the rotation of drive sources M _{1 to} M ₃ such as motors.

<1.2> Referring to relationship diagram 3 of the rotation center of the blast rotor and the rotary sorter for the relationship between the rotational center of the blast rotor 20 and the rotary sorter 30, the rotational center O ₂ of the blast rotor 20 is rotated It is eccentric upward with respect to the rotation center O ₁ of the sorter 30.
The reason why the rotation center O ₂ of the blast rotor 20 is eccentric is to secure a wider grinding space S below the rotary sorter 30.
In addition, when the diameter difference of the blast rotor 20 and the rotation sorter 30 is large, you may arrange | position both 20 and 30 on the same line, without decentering.

<2> Blast Rotor If it demonstrates with reference to FIG.1, 4, the blast rotor 20 is a rotary body which projects the abrasive grain B toward the raw material A with a centrifugal force.
The blast rotor 20 includes a horizontal rotating shaft 21, a circular plate 22 and an annular plate 23 arranged opposite to each other, and a plurality of radial plates arranged at intervals between the both plates 22 and 23. A blade 24.

<3> Means for Supplying Abrasive Grains to Blast Rotor In this example, the case where the means for supplying abrasive grains B into the blast rotor 20 is the screw conveyor 40 will be described.
The screw conveyor 40 includes a fixed casing 41 and a shafted or non-axial spiral screw 42 that is rotatably accommodated in the casing 41, and a tip portion thereof is inserted into the blast rotor 20.
The means for supplying the abrasive grains B is not limited to the screw conveyor 40, and the lower end portion of the tubular body having a gradient may be inserted into the blast rotor 20 and used instead.

<3.1> Means for Supplying Abrasive Grains to Screw Conveyor Part of the casing 41 is provided with a collection chute 43 for abrasive grains B and a replenishment chute 44 for abrasive grains B along the axial direction. The abrasive grains B can be supplied to the screw conveyor 40 through the collection chute 43 and the replenishment chute 44.

<3.1.1> Abrasive Grain Collection Chute The abrasive grain B collection chute 43 is a chute for collecting the abrasive grains B separated and recovered by the rotary sorter 30 and returning them to the screw conveyor 40. The abrasive grains B falling by their own weight in the rotary sorter 30 are disposed at positions where they can be captured.
The upper opening of the collection chute 43 extends along the rotation direction of the rotary sorter 30.

<3.1.2> Abrasive Grain Replenishment Chute The replenishment chute 44 is a chute for supplying the abrasive grains B into the screw conveyor 40 from the outside at the initial operation of the grinding apparatus 10.
The replenishment chute 44 is not essential and may be omitted.

<4> Rotating Sorter Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the rotating sorter 30 grinds the raw material A in cooperation with the blast rotor 20 and grinds the regenerated aggregate C generated by grinding. It is an apparatus for sorting out grains B and the like.
The rotary sorter 30 has a tapered shape as a whole, a rotating cylinder 31 that rotates forward and reverse, a cylindrical screen 32 installed inside the rotating cylinder 31, and a radially inner surface on the large diameter side of the rotating cylinder 31. And a collection chute 34 for collecting the large recycled aggregate C separated and collected by the rotary sorter 30.
The screen 32 and the plurality of blades 33 rotate integrally with the rotating cylinder 31, but the collection chute 34 does not rotate.

<4.1> Rotating cylinder The rotating cylinder 31 is a rotating body having a sealed structure in which both end openings of a tapered cylinder are closed by a plurality of annular covers 37 and 38.
The blast rotor 20 passes through the left cover 37 and is accommodated in the rotary cylinder 31, and a part of the screw conveyor 40 passes through the right cover 38 and is guided into the rotary cylinder 31.

<4.1.1> as shown in the direction of rotation Figure 2,5 of the rotary cylinder, have to support the outer periphery of both end portions of the rotary cylinder 31 in which a plurality of rollers 39 were horizontally rotatably, the motor M ₂ When driven, it rotates in the forward and reverse directions around a virtual rotation axis that is turned horizontally.

<4.1.2> Slope surface An inclined slope surface 31 a is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the rotating cylinder 31, and the small diameter portion of the rotating cylinder 31 is made of abrasive grains B and the like screened by the screen 32 through the slope surface 31 a. It can slide down from the side toward the large diameter side.
The outside of the rotary sorter 30 is covered with an annular cover 37 to prevent the raw material A, the abrasive grains B, and the like from being scattered outside.

<4.2> Screen The screen 32 for sieving the raw material A charged into the rotary cylinder 31 is composed of a plurality of divided screens 32a having an arc shape, and is fixed apart from the inner peripheral surface of the rotary cylinder 31. is there.

<4.2.1> Divided screen In this example, a configuration in which the divided screen 32a is configured by a plurality of bars arranged in parallel in the same direction at a predetermined interval is shown. However, the divided screen 32a may be configured by a perforated plate.
For example, when the divided screen 32a is configured by a plurality of bars arranged in parallel at intervals of 5 mm, the raw material A having a size larger than 5 mm (regenerated aggregate C) remains inside the divided screen 32a, and the raw material A having a size smaller than 5 mm ( The recycled aggregate C) and the abrasive grains B fall through the dividing screen 32a.

<4.2.2> Gap between split screens As shown in FIG. 3, the ends of the adjacent split screens 32a and 32a are superposed on each other, and the raw material A (recycled aggregate) is formed in the superposed portion of each split screen 32a. A gap G having a dimension capable of discharging C) is formed.
The reason why the gap G is formed between the adjacent divided screens 32 a is to drop the recycled aggregate C after the grinding into the rotary cylinder 31.
The reason why the divided screen 32a is polymerized is to prevent the raw material A (regenerated aggregate C) from jumping out of the gap G during the shot plast.

<4.3> Blades A plurality of blades 33 are radially fixed on the inner peripheral surface of the rotary cylinder 21 on the large diameter portion side.
One side of the blade 33 is exposed to the inner space of the rotary cylinder 31, and the other side of the blade 33 is sealed with an annular plate 36.
The blades 33 can pick up and collect the abrasive grains B and the like, which have been screened by the screen 32, and the large-sized recycled aggregate C by selecting the forward / reverse direction of the rotation direction of the rotary cylinder 21. .

<5> Raw Material Supply Chute Referring to FIG. 1, the rotary sorter 30 is connected to the lower end of a connecting pipe 51 that extends from the supply chute 50 through one cover 38. The raw material A can be supplied from the side of the rotary sorter 30 to the inside of the rotary sorter 30 through the connecting pipe 51.

<6> Recycled Aggregate Collection Chute Referring to FIGS. 1, 2, and 5, a fixed type for collecting the regenerated aggregate C is disposed inside the large diameter portion of the rotary sorter 30. A collection chute 34 is accommodated, and the recycled aggregate C separated and recovered through a discharge pipe 35 connected to the collection chute 34 can be discharged to the outside of the rotary sorter 30.
The collection chute 34 is disposed at a position where the recycled aggregate C that falls by its own weight in the rotary sorter 30 can be captured.
More specifically, the collection chute 34 of the regenerated aggregate C is disposed adjacent to the collection chute 43 of the abrasive grains B, and the upper opening of the collection chute 34 of the regenerated aggregate C is the rotation sorter 30. Expands along the direction of rotation.

<7> Means for Recovering Abrasive Grains and Recycled Aggregate As described above, the grinding device 10 according to the present invention has radial blades 33 on the inner peripheral surface of the rotary cylinder 31 constituting the rotary sorter 30 on the large diameter side. The abrasive grains B and the regenerated aggregate C separated by the screen 32 are scooped up above the rotary cylinder 31, and two types of free fall ranges of the scooped abrasive grains B and the regenerated aggregate C are provided. The collection chutes 43 and 34 are arranged so that the abrasive grains B and the regenerated aggregate C are individually collected.

<8> Dust Collector Referring to FIG. 1, the rotary sorter 30 includes a dust collector 55, which can suck and collect floating matters such as fine powder and dust floating in the rotary sorter 30. Yes.

[Production method of recycled aggregate]
Next, a method for producing recycled aggregate C using the grinding apparatus 10 will be described.

<1> Supply of Raw Material In FIG. 1, a predetermined amount of the raw material A is supplied into a screen 32 in the rotary sorter 30 through a supply chute 50.
The raw material A is a concrete scrap and asphalt generated at various sites, crushed to a size of 100 mm or less (preferably 40 mm to 0 mm) with a known crusher, and is applied to the surface of coarse aggregate or fine aggregate. Deposits such as mortar are attached.

<2> Supplying Abrasive Grains In parallel with the supply of the raw material A, the supply of the abrasive grains B is started into the screw conveyor 40 through the replenishing chute 44. As the abrasive grains B, recycled fine aggregate (regenerated sand) is used.
The abrasive grains B conveyed through the screw conveyor 40 are discharged into the blast rotor 20 that rotates at a high speed, and are projected toward the screen 32 by the rotational centrifugal force of the blast rotor 20.

<3> Grinding step A method for producing the recycled aggregate C by removing the deposits of the raw material A will be described in detail below.

<3.1> Diffusion and retention of crushed material in the rotary sorter In FIGS. 1 and 2, the screen 32 is rotated integrally with the rotary cylinder 31 at a low speed in one direction (clockwise direction in FIG. 3).
The rotation direction of the screen 32 is a rotation direction in which the raw material A does not fall through the gap G between the overlapping portions of the divided screens 32a constituting the screen 32.
Therefore, the raw material A staying in the screen 32 is diffused in layers by receiving the rotation of the screen 32.
As the raw material A rolls along with the rotation of the screen 32, a part of the raw material A having a low binding force is separated by colliding with each other.

<3.2> Shot Blasting with Abrasive Grains In FIG. 3, the abrasive grains B are projected at high speed from the blast rotor 20 toward the raw material A diffused in layers within the screen 32, and shot blasting proceeds.
Even during shot blasting, the raw material A spreading in layers on the screen 32 changes its front and rear position and vertical position while rolling, so even if the raw material A is thick, it is uniform for all raw materials A The abrasive grain B can be projected.
Therefore, efficient crushing and grinding can proceed to produce recycled aggregate C (fine recycled aggregate and coarse recycled aggregate) without deposits.

If the raw materials A collide with each other at high speed, the probability that the aggregate itself is crushed and fragmented increases, but if the abrasive grains B with a small mass (diameter) collide with the raw material A with a large mass (diameter), The recycled aggregate C is not crushed more than necessary.
Accordingly, the production efficiency of the recycled aggregate C having a coarse particle size of 5 mm or more can be improved, and the powdered recycled aggregate C can be avoided to avoid the problem of a large amount of powdered waste.

<4> Recycled Aggregate Selection Process Since the crushed mortar component, fine regenerated fine aggregate, and abrasive grains B have a small particle size, they pass through the screen 32 and fall by their own weight.
The coarse recycled aggregate C having a large size cannot be dropped by its own weight and remains in the screen 32.

<5> Abrasive Grain Circulation Path The grinding device 10 has a circulation path for reusing the abrasive grain B inside the rotary sorter 30.
The circulation path of the abrasive grains B will be described.
During the grinding operation, as shown in FIG. 1, the recycled fine aggregate (regenerated sand) that becomes the abrasive grains B separated by the grinding device 10 passes through the slope surface 31 a of the rotating cylinder 31 to the large diameter portion side. And is scooped up by a plurality of blades 33 on the large diameter side of the rotating cylinder 31.
As shown in FIG. 4, when the recycled fine aggregate that becomes the abrasive grains B picked up by the blades 33 reaches directly above the collection chute 43 of the abrasive grains B, it falls by its own weight and is collected by the collection chute 43. Is done. The recycled fine aggregate and abrasive grains B that have fallen without being collected by the collection chute 43 are again scooped up by the blades 33.
The collection chute 43 returns the collected abrasive grains B to the screw conveyor 40.
As described above, the grinding device 10 not only collects the separated abrasive particles B using the rotation of the rotary sorter 30, but also collects the collected abrasive particles B again without taking them out of the apparatus. B can be supplied to the blast rotor 20.

<6> Removal of recycled fine aggregate (recycled sand) After the production of recycled aggregate C is completed, to remove the recycled fine aggregate (recycled sand) that becomes abrasive grains B, the rotary sorter 30 is the same as when grinding. It is picked up by the blade 33 rotating in the direction and collected in the collecting chute 43, and the screw 42 is reversed to be discharged from the discharge port 45 at the tail end of the screw 42.
In the present invention, by repeating the reuse of the abrasive grains B, the abrasive grains B themselves are polished to obtain high-quality recycled sand.

<7> Extraction of Recycled Aggregate A method for extracting the regenerated aggregate C will be described with reference to FIG.
When the rotary sorter 30 is rotated in the reverse direction at the time of grinding (counterclockwise direction in FIG. 6), the recycled aggregate C diffuses in layers on the screen 32.
The diffused aggregate C that has diffused falls to the bottom of the rotating cylinder 31 through the gap G in the overlapping portion of the divided screen 32 a that constitutes the screen 32.
The dropped recycled aggregate C is slid down toward the bottom on the large diameter side of the rotating cylinder 31 through the slope surface 31a of the rotating cylinder 31, and is then picked up by a plurality of blades 33 that rotate in the direction opposite to that during grinding.
As shown in FIG. 4, the recycled aggregate C scooped up by the blades 33 falls by its own weight when it reaches directly above the collection chute 34 of the recycled aggregate C.
The collection chute 34 collects the recycled aggregate C that falls and discharges it through the discharge pipe 35 to the outside.

<8> Other particulate matter Above, the particulate matter is aggregate, and the form of producing recycled aggregate from raw materials containing aggregate has been explained, but it is also possible to target contaminated concrete trash and contaminated soil It is.

  In this example, the contaminated concrete glass is crushed by a known crusher into a size of a predetermined size or less (for example, 40 mm to 0 mm), or the contaminated soil is used as a raw material A and directed into the rotary sorter 30. The abrasive grains B are sprayed from the blast rotor 20 into the grinding space S at a high speed.

When contaminated granular material such as contaminated concrete glass or contaminated soil is used as the raw material A, the contaminant on the surface of the granular material is polished by shot blasting the abrasive particles B against the contaminated granular material. It can be crushed and efficiently decontaminated.
The contaminants integrated with the dust floating in the space of the rotary sorter 30 having the sealed structure are sucked and collected through the dust collector 55.

A ··· Raw material B ··· Abrasive grain C ··· Recycled aggregate G ·············· 10 20 ... Blast rotor 21 ... Rotary shaft 24 ... Blade 30 ... Rotary sorter 31 ... Rotating cylinder 31a ... Slope surface of the rotating cylinder 32... Screen 32 a... Split screen 33 .. Blade 34... Collected chute 35 for recycled aggregate. Cover 39... Roller 40... Screw conveyor 41... Casing 42... Screw 43. Chute 45 ... Discharge port 50 ... Raw material supply chute 51 ... Connection pipe 55 ... ... dust collector

Claims (7)

A horizontal-type grinding apparatus that removes deposits by projecting abrasive grains onto a raw material containing particulate matter,
A blast rotor that releases abrasive grains by centrifugal force due to rotation;
A rotary sorter with a sealed structure that rotatably accommodates the blast rotor and has a screen outside the blast rotor;
Raw material supply means for supplying a raw material containing particulate matter into the rotary sorter;
Abrasive grain supply means for supplying abrasive grains to the blast rotor,
The rotary sorter has a tapered rotating cylinder having a slope surface inclined from a small diameter portion toward a large diameter portion;
A plurality of blades formed radially on the inner peripheral surface of the large-diameter portion of the rotating cylinder;
Provided with a collection chute for abrasive grains at the position where the abrasive grains separated and collected in the rotary sorter scooped up by the plurality of blades are inside the large diameter portion of the rotating cylinder,
Wherein while a portion of the abrasive particles for the recovered abrasive grains through collecting chute and returned to the abrasive supplying means, releasing the abrasive grains from the rotary sorter blast rotor toward the raw particulate material to be diffused in the screen And shot blasting,
Granular material grinding equipment.   2. The particulate matter collecting chute according to claim 1, further comprising a particulate matter collecting chute, wherein the particulate matter collecting chute is provided at a position where the ground particulate matter separated and recovered in a rotary sorter scooped up by a plurality of blades falls by its own weight. A device for grinding particulate matter, characterized in that   3. The screen according to claim 1, wherein the screen is composed of a plurality of divided screens, and a gap through which the granular material can pass is formed in a superposed portion where the end portions of adjacent divided screens are overlapped. , Granular material grinding equipment.   4. The apparatus for grinding granular material according to claim 1, wherein the abrasive grain supply means is a screw conveyor.   5. The particulate matter grinding apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a dust collector, wherein the dust collector suctions and collects suspended matter such as fine powder and dust that floats in the rotary sorter.   6. The apparatus for grinding granular material according to claim 1, wherein the granular material is recycled aggregate.   6. The apparatus for grinding granular material according to claim 1, wherein the granular material is contaminated aggregate or soil.

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