JP6151433B2 - Elevator - Google Patents

Description

  In the state where the elevator hoisting machine cannot be operated electrically, the present invention releases the hoisting machine brake and lowers the heavier mass of the car or the counterweight to stop the car at the landing. The present invention relates to an elevator apparatus provided with the device.

  As a brake device for an elevator hoisting machine, an electromagnetic brake device described in JP-A-2005-180626 (Patent Document 1) and a traction sheave elevator described in JP-T-002-533283 (Patent Document 2) Holding brakes are known.

  In the electromagnetic brake device of Patent Document 1, a brake pad is connected to an amateur disposed between an iron core having a built-in electromagnetic coil and a disk, and a braking spring is applied to the amateur as a braking force. When braking in a non-excited state (non-energized state), the armature is moved to the disk side by the spring force of the braking spring and the brake pad is pressed against the disk. When the electromagnetic coil is in an excited state (energized state), the armature is electromagnetic The brake pad is separated from the disk by moving to the iron core side by the electromagnetic force of the coil (see paragraphs 0013-0018).

  In the retention brake for a traction sheave elevator (hereinafter referred to as an electromagnetic brake device) of Patent Document 2, a brake body including a central body and a peripheral frame surrounding the central body in a ring shape, and a movable body mounted on the inside of the brake body A frame, a braking pad attached to the outer surface of the movable frame, an annular electromagnet mounted on the central body, and a machine disposed between the central body and the movable frame to press the braking pad against the braking surface of the traction sheave A pressing element (see paragraph 0013).

  Patent Document 3 discloses a brake release device that manually releases a brake and raises and lowers the car to the landing when the hoisting machine cannot be operated during the operation of the elevator and the car stops between the floors. Is described.

  In the brake release device of Patent Document 3, the end of the brake wire that engages with the brake of the hoisting machine is arranged directly under the threshold of the landing or on the landing indicator box, and from the end of the brake wire by operating the lever of the brake release device. The brake is released by pulling the inner wire (see summary).

JP 2005-180626 A Special Table 2002-533283 JP 2004-43123 A

  Patent Document 3 discloses a configuration on the lever side for operating the brake release device, and there is no specific disclosure about the configuration on the connection side of the brake wire with the brake.

  In the electromagnetic brake device of FIG. 1 of Patent Document 1 and FIG. 1 of Patent Document 2, a through-hole is provided in the center of the core (iron core) of an electromagnet or electromagnetic coil, and components such as a coil and a braking spring are arranged around it. ing. In such an electromagnetic brake device, one release bolt is screwed into a screw hole formed in the center of the amateur from the through hole of the core, and the release bolt is pulled up to attract the amateur to the core and release the brake. It is normal to do. In an emergency, the brake is released by pulling one brake wire connected to the release bolt from a remote location.

  However, in order to realize a brake shape that meets the requirements and specifications, it may be more advantageous to arrange components such as coils and springs in the center of the core. In this case, it is not appropriate to provide a through hole into which the open bolt is inserted at the center of the core. Therefore, there may be a structure in which a plurality of through holes are provided in the vacant space of the core so as to be symmetric with respect to the center, and the amateur is attracted to the core by a plurality of open bolts attached to the amateur through these through holes. . However, in this case, it is necessary to realize a stable brake release by pulling up the plurality of release bolts with a uniform force even from a remote location.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an elevator that can stably release a brake by pulling up a plurality of release bolts with an equal force and can raise and lower a car quickly.

In the elevator according to the present invention, a rope connected to a car and a counterweight is wound around a sheave of a hoisting machine, and the sheave is rotated by an electric motor of the hoisting machine to raise and lower the car in a hoistway. An electromagnetic brake device for applying an braking force to the rotational movement of the sheave by pressing a brake pad provided on an armature of an electromagnet to a braking surface formed in a rotating portion during braking, and a plurality of locations of the amateur A brake release device that releases the sheave from the braking force of the electromagnetic brake device by pulling the amateur away from the braking surface by operating a wire connected to the brake, and connected to a plurality of locations of the amateur The wire and the armature are formed in an annular shape, and the wire is wound around a pulley. , Which it is constituted so as to pull the pulley in tow wire.
Alternatively, an elevator that winds a rope connected to a car and a counterweight around a sheave of a hoisting machine and rotationally drives the sheave with an electric motor of the hoisting machine to raise and lower the car in a hoistway. An electromagnetic brake device that applies a braking force to the rotational movement of the sheave by pressing a brake pad provided on an armature of an electromagnet at the time of braking against a braking surface formed in a rotating portion; and a wire connected to two portions of the armature A brake release device for releasing the sheave from the braking force of the electromagnetic brake device by pulling the amateur away from the braking surface by operating the wire, and the wire connected to two locations of the amateur It is configured to form an annulus with an amateur, and there are two places with the amateur in the middle of the wire A distribution mechanism is provided to vary the length of the wire portion distributed to one of the connection portions and the length of the wire portion distributed to the other connection portion, and the distribution mechanism is pulled by a pulling wire. It is comprised so that it may do.

  According to the present invention, a plurality of wires connected to an amateur can be pulled with equal force, a stable brake release can be realized, and a car can be moved up and down quickly.

  Problems, configurations, and effects other than those described above will be clarified by the following description of embodiments.

It is a figure explaining one Example of the electromagnetic brake apparatus 108 used for the elevator which concerns on this invention, and is a structure schematic (top view) which shows the structure of a part of brake releasing apparatus 101 and the electromagnetic brake apparatus 108. It is the structure schematic (front view) which looked at the structure of a part of brake releasing device 101 shown in FIG. 1A and the electromagnetic brake device 108 from the horizontal direction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure explaining one Example of the electromagnetic brake apparatus 108 used for the elevator which concerns on this invention, and the brake release apparatus 101, and the structure schematic (top view) which shows the whole structure of the brake release apparatus 101 and the electromagnetic brake apparatus 108 It is. It is the structure schematic (front view) which looked at the whole structure of the brake release apparatus 101 shown in FIG. 2A and the electromagnetic brake device 108 from the horizontal direction. It is a figure explaining one Example of the winding machine used for the elevator which concerns on this invention, and is the side view which showed the place which looked at the winding machine from the side in a partial cross section. It is explanatory drawing of one Example of the elevator which concerns on this invention, and is a structure schematic which shows the whole structure of the elevator 100 containing the hoisting machine 102 with which the brake release apparatus 101 was mounted.

  The brake release device according to the present invention has a plurality of wires connected to the release bolts so as to draw the amateurs to the core without bias with a plurality of release bolts fixed to the amateur when manually releasing one brake from a distant place. Is drawn with equal force. To make the tension of multiple wires the same, connect the wire in an annular shape to the armature, wrap it around a rotatable pulley, and pull the pulley shaft to adjust the tension applied to the wire on the pulley side while braking. It is characterized by opening.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the elevator 100 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of the elevator according to the present invention, and is a schematic configuration diagram showing the overall configuration of the elevator including the hoisting machine 102 on which the brake release device 101 is mounted.

  The elevator 100 according to this embodiment includes a car 103 that moves up and down in a hoistway 106 formed in a building structure, a counterweight 105 that is connected to the car 103 via a rope 104, and a rope 104. And a hoisting machine 102 that lifts and lowers the car 103 by winding.

  The elevator car 103 is guided by the guide rail 107 to move up and down in the hoistway 106 by controlling the hoisting machine 102 by a control device (not shown), and between the landings F1,..., Fn,. Moving. In addition, F1 represents a landing on the lowest floor, Ft represents a landing on the top floor, and Fn represents an arbitrary landing between the bottom floor and the top floor.

  The hoisting machine 102 is disposed at the top of the hoistway 106, and the rope 104 is wound around a sheave 102 </ b> A configured in the hoisting machine 102. The hoisting machine 102 is provided with a drum 102B constituting a rotor concentric with the sheave 102A, and an electromagnetic brake device 108 slidably contacting the outer peripheral surface of the drum 102B during braking.

  In the electromagnetic brake device 108, when the hoisting machine 102 cannot be operated during the operation of the elevator and the car 103 stops between the floors, the brake is manually released to release the brake to raise and lower the car to the landing. An apparatus 101 (a main part 101A is shown in FIG. 4) is provided. The main part 101A of the brake release device 101 is fixed to the guide rail 107 in this embodiment, and is connected to the electromagnetic brake device 108 by the wire 5 inserted into the outer tube 10. Further, the end portion of the wire 15 connected to the brake release device 101 is drawn to the top floor Ft.

  Next, an example of an elevator hoisting machine equipped with the electromagnetic brake device 108 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a view for explaining an embodiment of the hoisting machine used in the elevator according to the present invention, and is a side view showing a part of the hoisting machine as viewed from the side.

  The hoisting machine 102 constitutes a drive device for the elevator 100, and includes an electric motor 102C as a power source, a sheave 102A on which a rope 104 is mounted and driven to rotate by the electric motor 102C, and a braking force against the rotational operation of the sheave 102A. The electromagnetic brake device 108 for imparting the pressure and the brake release device 101 of the electromagnetic brake device 108 are provided.

  The electric motor 102C is an abduction type electric motor, and includes a shaft 102D, a drum 102B that rotates around the shaft center of the shaft 102D, a magnet 102F that is attached and fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the drum 102B, and a shaft 102D. A coil 102E disposed on the outer periphery.

The shaft 102D is fixed and supported by a support portion 102G provided upright on the base 102h.
A stator of the electric motor 102C is configured including the shaft 102D, the coil 102E disposed on the outer periphery of the shaft 102D, and the support portion 102G.

  The drum 102B and the magnet 102F constitute a rotor of the electric motor 102C and are configured to be rotatable with respect to the shaft 102D. A sheave 102A is fixed to one end surface of the drum 102B concentrically with the drum 102B, and the sheave 102A rotates integrally with the drum (rotor) 102B.

  The outer peripheral surface of the drum 102B constitutes a braking surface (sliding surface) 102B1 on which the brake pad 16 (see FIG. 1A) of the electromagnetic brake device 108 comes into sliding contact. The electromagnetic brake device 108 is fixed to the support portion 102G.

  Next, an embodiment of an electromagnetic brake device and a brake release device used for an elevator according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1A and 1B. FIG. 1A is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of an electromagnetic brake device 108 used in an elevator according to the present invention, and is a schematic configuration diagram (top view) showing a configuration of a part of the brake release device 101 and the electromagnetic brake device 108. ). FIG. 1B is a schematic configuration diagram (front view) of a part of the brake release device 101 and the electromagnetic brake device 108 shown in FIG. 1A as viewed from the horizontal direction.

  A part of the brake release device 101 is integrally formed on the electromagnetic brake device 108, and the main part 101 </ b> A is configured separately from the electromagnetic brake device 108. The brake release device 101 is a device for releasing the electromagnetic brake device 108 and may be regarded as a part of the electromagnetic brake device 108.

  1A and 1B includes an electromagnet 20 composed of a core 1 and a coil 2, an armature 6 disposed to face an end surface (magnetic pole surface) of the electromagnet 20, and an electromagnet of the armature 6. The brake pad 16 is mounted on the side opposite to the side facing the arm 20, and the brake spring 17 biases the armature 6 on the side opposite to the electromagnet 20 side (braking direction).

  The brake pad 16 is disposed so as to face the braking surface 102B1 constituted by the outer peripheral surface of the drum 102B. During braking when the coil 2 is not energized, the armature 6 is biased to the side by the biasing force of the brake spring 17, and the brake pad 16 abuts against the braking surface 102B1 to brake the drum 102B. As a result, the sheave 102A is fixed and the height of the car 103 is also fixed in the hoistway 106.

  During non-braking, the coil 2 is energized, the electromagnet 20 attracts the armature 6, and the brake pad 16 moves away from the braking surface 102B1. Along with this, the drum 102B is released from braking by the brake pad 16, and can rotate about the axis of the shaft 102D. As a result, the sheave 102A can be rotated, and the car 103 can be raised and lowered in the hoistway 106.

  Next, a part of the brake release device 101 configured on the electromagnetic brake device 108 will be described.

  Part of the brake release device 101 is engaged with release bolts 3A and 3B for pulling up the armature 6, nuts 7A and 7B for fixing the release bolts 3A and 3B to the armature 6, and release bolts 3A and 3B, respectively. The levers 8A and 8B for pulling up 3A and 3B, and the locking portions 18 for locking the ends of the outer tubes 10A and 10B through which the wires 5A and 5B are inserted and fixing them to the electromagnet 20, respectively. . The wires 5A and 5B are composed of one wire.

  In the present embodiment, in the electromagnet 20, the coil 2 is disposed in the central portion of the core 1, and the through holes 4 </ b> A and 4 </ b> B for pulling up the armature 6 cannot be provided in the central portion of the core 1. . Therefore, the through holes 4 for the open bolts 3A and 3B are provided at both ends of the core 1 across the region where the coil 2 is disposed.

  Lever 8A, 8B is provided in the end surface (back surface) side on the opposite side to the end surface which opposes the armature 6 of the electromagnet 20. As shown in FIG. Wires 5A and 5B are connected to end portions 8A1 and 8B1 positioned on the center side of the core 1 in the longitudinal direction of the levers 8A and 8B (the direction connecting the open bolts 3A and 3B), respectively. Further, the end portions 8A2 and 8B2 located on the end portion side of the core 1 are connected to the electromagnet 20 by fulcrums 9A and 9B. With the above-described configuration, the levers 8A and 8B are configured to be rotatable in the directions indicated by the arrows 8CA and 8CB with the fulcrums 9A and 9B provided on the outer sides of the release bolts 3A and 3B in the longitudinal direction as the central axes, respectively. ing. That is, in the levers 8A and 8B, from the state shown in FIG. 1B, the end portions 8A1 and 8B1 located on the center portion side of the core 1 are higher than the end portions 8A2 and 8B2 located on the end portion side of the core 1. It can be rotated in the direction away from the electromagnet 20.

  In order to manually release the brake (electromagnetic brake device 108) from a remote location (for example, outside the hoistway 106), it is necessary to pull up the release bolts 3A and 3B using the wires 5A and 5B and the outer tubes 10A and 10B. There is. The open bolts 3A and 3B are inserted (screwed) into screw holes provided in the armature 6, adjusted so as not to contact the levers 8A and 8B, and fixed by fixing nuts 7A and 7B. The open bolts 3A and 3B are connected to the wire 5 by levers 8A and 8B and fulcrums 9A and 9B. When the wires 5A and 5B are pulled up, the levers 8A and 8B rotate about the fulcrums 9A and 9B as indicated by arrows 8CA and 8CB, and the portions engaged with the release bolts 3A and 3B move upward. The release bolts 3A and 3B are also pulled upward by the operation of the levers 8A and 8B. As a result, the armature 6 is attracted to the core 1, and the brake pad 16 attached to the armature 6 leaves the braking surface 102B1.

  Here, unless a force is evenly applied to the left and right open bolts 3A and 3B, the amount of the armature 6 attracted to the core 1 by the left and right open bolts 3A and 3B will be biased. For this reason, there is a possibility that the armature 6 cannot be attracted to the core 1 and the electromagnetic brake device 108 cannot be released. Therefore, in this embodiment, the pulley 11 shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B is used in order to apply a force evenly to the open bolts 3A and 3B.

  Next, the brake release device 101 will be described in detail based on FIGS. 2A and 2B. FIG. 2A is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of the electromagnetic brake device 108 and the brake release device 101 used in the elevator according to the present invention, and is a schematic configuration diagram showing the overall configuration of the brake release device 101 and the electromagnetic brake device 108. (Top view). 2B is a schematic configuration diagram (front view) of the entire configuration of the brake release device 101 and the electromagnetic brake device 108 shown in FIG. 2A viewed from the horizontal direction.

  2A and 2B show an embodiment in which, for example, the electromagnetic brake device 108, the brake release device 101, and the hoisting machine 102 are provided inside the hoistway 106. The main part 101A of the brake release device 101 includes wires 5A and 5B and outer tubes 10A and 10B, a pulley 11, brackets 12A and 12B, a wire 15, a rod 14, and an attachment member 19. As described above, the wires 5A and 5B are constituted by one wire, and both ends of one wire wound around the pulley 11 are connected to the levers 8A and 8B, respectively.

  The outer tube 10 whose one end is locked to the locking portion 18 of the electromagnetic brake device 108 is locked and fixed to the brackets 12A and 12B in the hoistway 106. The brackets 12 </ b> A and 12 </ b> B are fixed to the device or structure (for example, the guide rail 107) in the hoistway through the mounting member 19 by being fixed to the mounting member 19. The wires 5 </ b> A and 5 </ b> B are configured by a single wire, and one end portions thereof are respectively connected to the levers 8 </ b> A and 8 </ b> B, pass through the outer tube 10, and are wound around the pulley 11. One wire constituting the wires 5A and 5B is connected in an annular shape via levers 8A and 8B, release bolts 3A and 3B, and an armature 6. The pulley 11 is attached to the rod 14 in a rotatable state, and the tension of the wires 5A and 5B can be made uniform. The rod 14 has a rotation center (rotation center) 14A at one end, and is attached to the attachment member 19 in a state where the rod 14 can rotate (turn) within the plane shown in FIG. 2B, and a wire is connected to the other end 14B. 15 are connected. As shown in FIG. 4, the end of the wire 15 is drawn out of the hoistway 106 (in this embodiment, the uppermost floor Ft). By pulling the wire 15 from the outside of the hoistway 106, the pulley 11 is attracted, the levers 8A and 8B are pulled up, and the brake is released. The wire 15 constitutes a pulling wire that pulls the shaft portion of the pulley 11.

  According to the above configuration, the brake release device according to the present embodiment is configured such that the wires 5A and 5B connected to the two locations of the armature 6 and the armature 6 form an annular shape, and the armature is disposed in the middle portion of the wires 5A and 5B. 6, a distribution mechanism 11 is provided for varying the length of the wire portion 5A distributed to one connecting portion side and the length of the wire portion 5B distributed to the other connecting portion side. It is configured to be pulled by the wire 15.

  With the above structure, when the wire 15 is pulled, the rod 14 falls to the left in the plane shown in FIG. 2B and displaces the pulley 11 to the left. Thereby, it can be attracted | pulled, making the tension | tensile_strength of wire 5A, 5B equal through the pulley 11. FIG. As a result, on the electromagnetic brake device 108 side, the release bolts 3A and 3B can be pulled up with equal force via the levers 8A and 8B, and the armature 6 can be attracted to the core 1 without deviation. Thereby, stable manual brake release can be implemented.

  When the electromagnetic brake device 108, the brake release device 101, and the hoisting machine 102 are provided outside the hoistway 106, the attachment member 19 may be fixed to a building structure other than the guide rail.

  In this embodiment, the wires 5A and 5B are constituted by a single wire, and both ends thereof are connected to two places of the armature 6, but a plurality of such wires 5A and 5B are connected to the armature 6. It may be provided.

  According to the present embodiment, since there is no restriction on the arrangement of the through hole formed in the core for the open bolt and the screw hole for the open bolt provided in the amateur, the main brake parts (for example, coils and springs) A degree of freedom in placement is created, and a brake shape that meets the requirements and specifications can be realized.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to each above-mentioned Example, Various modifications are included. For example, the above-described embodiments have been described in detail for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations. In addition, it is possible to add, delete, and replace other configurations for a part of the configuration of the embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Core, 2 ... Coil, 3A, 3B ... Opening bolt, 4A, 4B ... Through-hole 5A, 5B ... Wire, 6 ... Amateur, 7A, 7B ... Fixing nut, 8A, 8B ... Lever, 9A, 9B ... Supporting point, 10A, 10B ... outer tube, 11 ... pulley, 12A, 12B ... bracket, 13 ... rail, 14 ... rod, 15 ... wire, 16 ... brake pad, 17 ... brake spring, 18 ... outer tube locking portion, 19 ... Mounting member for bracket and rod, 20 ... electromagnet, 100 ... elevator, 101 ... brake release device, 101A ... main part of brake release device, 102 ... winding machine, 102A ... sheave, 102B ... drum, 102B1 ... braking surface (sliding) 102C ... electric motor, 102D ... shaft, 102E ... coil, 102F ... magnet, 102G ... support, 102h ... Base, 103 ... car, 104 ... rope, 105 ... counterweight, 106 ... hoistway, 107 ... guide rail, 108 ... electromagnetic brake device.

Claims (5)

An elevator that winds a rope connected to a car and a counterweight around a sheave of a hoisting machine, and rotationally drives the sheave with an electric motor of the hoisting machine to raise and lower the car in a hoistway. Occasionally, an electromagnetic brake device that applies a braking force against the rotational movement of the sheave by pressing a brake pad provided on an armature of an electromagnet against a braking surface formed on a rotating part, and a wire connected to a plurality of locations of the amateur In an elevator comprising: a brake release device that pulls the amateur away from the braking surface to release the sheave from a braking force by the electromagnetic brake device,
The elevator is configured such that the wire connected to a plurality of locations of the amateur and the amateur form a ring, the wire is wound around a pulley, and the pulley is pulled by a pulling wire. . In the elevator according to claim 1,
The elevator is characterized in that the wire is composed of a single wire, and both ends thereof are connected to two locations of the amateur. In the elevator according to claim 2,
An elevator comprising two levers, one end of which is rotatably connected to the amateur, and each end of the pulling wire connected to the other end of each of the two levers. An elevator that winds a rope connected to a car and a counterweight around a sheave of a hoisting machine, and rotationally drives the sheave with an electric motor of the hoisting machine to raise and lower the car in a hoistway. Occasionally, an electromagnetic brake device that applies a braking force to the rotating motion of the sheave by pressing a brake pad provided on an armature of an electromagnet against a braking surface formed on a rotating portion, and a wire connected to two locations of the amateur In an elevator comprising: a brake release device that pulls the amateur away from the braking surface to release the sheave from a braking force by the electromagnetic brake device,
The wire connected to two places of the amateur and the amateur are configured to form an annular shape, and distributed to one of the two connecting portions with the amateur at the intermediate portion of the wire. An elevator comprising a distribution mechanism that varies a length of a wire portion and a length of a wire portion distributed to the other connecting portion side, and configured to pull the distribution mechanism with a pulling wire. In the elevator according to claim 4,
The elevator characterized in that the distribution mechanism is constituted by a pulley.

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