JP5616286B2 - Elevator equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an elevator apparatus that is operated by a permanent magnet synchronous motor and brakes in combination with a mechanical electromagnetic brake and an electric power generation brake of the permanent magnet synchronous motor during emergency braking.

  Generally, as an elevator brake means, only an electromagnetic brake using an electromagnet is used to release the pressing force by using a pressing force to the braked body and a frictional force by a friction coefficient (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The electromagnetic brake is used as a main brake, and a power generation brake obtained by generating power by rotation of a motor when current is not supplied is used as an auxiliary brake (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

JP-A-8-333058 (FIG. 1) WO2004-7333 (FIGS. 1, 2, and 12)

  Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-228561 discloses a technique for detecting a speed difference between a wire rope and a drive sheave to adjust a braking force of an electromagnetic brake in order to prevent a rope slip. Since the electromagnet is displaced and the electromagnet is displaced, it is difficult to control and there is a problem in feasibility.

  Patent Document 2 only discloses the use of both an electromagnetic brake and a power generation brake at the time of emergency braking, and there is no description about preventing rope slippage.

  The object of the present invention is to provide a highly feasible brake device that uses both an electromagnetic brake and a power generating brake during emergency braking to prevent rope slipping and reduce wear of the rope groove and wire rope of the drive sheave. In providing elevator equipment.

In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, a drive sheave around which a wire rope having a cage engaged on one side and a counterweight engaged on the other side is wound, and a permanent magnet synchronous motor that drives the drive sheave And an inverter device configured by a converter and an inverter for driving the permanent magnet synchronous motor, and an electromagnetic brake for braking the drive sheave, and driving the drive sheave and the wire rope with the permanent magnet synchronous motor to In the elevator apparatus in which the car and the counterweight are operated to be raised and lowered, and at the time of emergency braking, braking is performed by the electromagnetic brake and a power generation brake generated by consuming current generated by the permanent magnet synchronous motor in a discharge circuit. A sheave speed detector that detects the speed of the sheave and the permanent magnet synchronous motor, and detects the speed of the wire rope. A loop speed detector, a rope slip determining means for determining rope slip by the sheave speed detector and the rope speed detector, and adjusting the generated current of the discharge circuit according to the presence or absence of slip by the rope slip determining means A discharge circuit control means for adjusting the power generation brake torque of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, and input between the rope slip determination means and the discharge circuit control means to an operation panel provided in the car Input the driving speed and the steady speed set by the number of driving floors set from the destination information, the load detected by the load detector provided in the car, and the determination of the rope slip. And a rope slip data table for storing the determination data of the rope slip at an address (X, Y, Z) where X is the driving direction, Y is the steady speed, and Z is the loading amount. It sends data to the discharge circuit control unit by rope slip data table, characterized in that so as to adjust the generated current of the discharge circuit.

  With this configuration, when a rope slip occurs during emergency braking, the power generation brake torque is adjusted, and during the next emergency braking, the generated current of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is adjusted to prevent the rope slip, and the rope groove and the drive sheave A highly reliable elevator device can be obtained by reducing the wear of the wire rope.

  With this configuration, since the rope slip information is stored in the rope slip data table, the discharge circuit is controlled from the data table via the discharge circuit control means, and the generated current of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is adjusted. Therefore, it is possible to accurately prevent the rope slip at the next emergency braking, reduce the wear of the rope groove of the drive sheave and the wire rope, and obtain a highly reliable elevator apparatus.

  Further, the discharge circuit is constituted by resistance means or switching means comprising a resistor and a switch, and is provided between the permanent magnet synchronous motor and the inverter or between the converter and the inverter.

  With this configuration, a discharge circuit for a generated current having a simple configuration can be obtained.

  According to the present invention, when the rope slip occurs during emergency braking, the power generation brake torque is adjusted, the rope braking is prevented in emergency braking during the next operation, the wear of the rope groove and the wire rope of the drive sheave is reduced, A highly reliable elevator device can be obtained.

1 is an overall configuration diagram of an elevator apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is the figure which comprised the discharge circuit of FIG. 1 by resistance. It is a figure which shows the rope slip data table of FIG. It is a flowchart from the address setting at the time of the elevator operation | movement of FIG. 1 to formation of a discharge circuit. It is a figure which shows the timing of the sheave speed at the time of emergency braking, rope speed, rope slip, and brake torque. FIG. 3 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 constituted by switching means as another embodiment of the discharge circuit of FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 of an elevator apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention, in which a discharge circuit is inserted between the converter of the inverter apparatus and the inverter. It is the figure which comprised the discharge circuit of FIG. 7 by resistance. FIG. 8 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 configured by switching means as another embodiment of the discharge circuit of FIG. 7.

  Hereinafter, based on FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. 5, 1st Embodiment of the elevator apparatus which becomes this invention is described.

  In FIG. 1, 1 is a permanent magnet synchronous motor, 2 is an electromagnetic brake for a mechanical brake, 3 is a drive sheave, 4 is a wire rope wound around the drive sheave 3, and 5 is provided on one side of the wire rope 4. A cage 6 is a counterweight provided on the other side of the wire rope 4, 7 is a three-phase AC power source, 8 is an electromagnetic contactor for connecting and disconnecting the three-phase AC power source, 9 is an inverter device, and permanent magnet synchronization The motor 1 is supplied with a variable voltage variable frequency power source, and includes a converter 9a that converts alternating current into direct current and an inverter 9b that converts direct current into alternating current. 10 is a switch for switching the connection of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 1, and 11 is a discharge circuit that consumes the generated current of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 1, via the switch 10 between the permanent magnet synchronous motor 1 and the inverter 9b. Provided. During normal operation, the input terminals r, s, and t of the permanent magnet synchronous motor 1 are connected to the outputs U, V, and W of the inverter device 9, and are switched to the discharge circuit 11 by the switch 10 during emergency braking. 12 is a sheave speed detector that detects the speed of the drive sheave 3, 13 is a rope speed detector that detects the speed of the wire rope 4, 14 is a driver panel in the car 5 where the passenger inputs the destination floor, and 15 is A load detector 16 for detecting the load in the car 5 is a rope slip judging means, which inputs the output of the sheave speed detector 12 and the output of the rope speed detector 13 and compares them to determine the speed difference. If there is, it is determined that a relative speed has occurred between the two, that is, a rope slip has occurred.

  Reference numeral 17 denotes a rope slip determination threshold value, which is a reference value for determining rope slip when the difference between the sheave speed and the rope speed is equal to or greater than a certain value. Reference numeral 18 denotes a rope slip data table, which is an address (X) with three operating conditions of a driving direction X obtained from destination floor information input to the operation panel 14, a steady speed Y and a loading capacity Z set from the number of driving floors. , Y, Z), and data on the presence / absence of rope slip is written to S (X, Y, Z) at this address (X, Y, Z). Reference numeral 19 denotes discharge circuit control means, which controls the circuit configuration through which the generated current of the discharge circuit 11 flows according to the rope slip data S (X, Y, Z) of the rope slip data table 18. The driving direction X, the steady speed Y, and the loading amount Z are main factors that cause rope slip.

  FIG. 2 shows an example of the discharge circuit 11. For example, three resistors R1, R2, and R3 are connected in series, and the resistance means R in which the contacts S1, S2, and S3 are connected in parallel with each resistor is connected between the rs phases. When the contacts S1, S2 and S3 are turned on and off, the resistors R1, R2 and R3 are short-circuited or opened to adjust the resistance value between the phases and adjust the flow of the generated current. Similarly, the resistance means R is connected between the s-t phase and the tr phase, and the contacts S1, S2, S3 of the resistance means R between the phases r, s, t are the same as instructed by the discharge circuit control means 19. It is designed to work.

  FIG. 3 shows the contents of the rope slip data table 18. An address (X, Y, Z) is composed of the operating direction X, the steady speed Y, and the loading amount Z of the operating conditions, and the rope slip data is S (X, Y, Z) at this address (X, Y, Z). ). The rated speed of the elevator is a steady speed during long-floor operation, and is set lower than the rated speed during short-floor operation such as the first floor and the second floor. The number of operation floors is determined from the destination floor that the passenger entered on the operation panel. Here, as an example, three stages of steady speeds V1, V2, and V3 up to the rated speed are assumed, and the loading amount is set to three stages of small, medium, and large.

  That is, the driving direction is X, the rising is “0”, the falling is “1”, and similarly, the steady speed is Y, the steady speed V1 is “0”, V2 is “1”, V3 is “2”, Z, the load amount “small” is “0”, the load amount “medium” is “1”, the load amount “large” is “2”, and the data S of the presence / absence of rope slip at the address (X, Y, Z). (X, Y, Z) is stored.

  The rope slip data is rewritten so that there is no change when there is no rope slip, and the discharge current of the discharge circuit 11 is reduced when there is a rope slip. That is, in the example of FIG. 3, the rope slip data S (X, Y, Z) = 0 is no initial rope slip, and when rope slip occurs in the subsequent emergency braking, the data is incremented by 1 and 0 → 1 → 2 And the data are added. The rope slip data S (X, Y, Z) = 0 is the energization current “large” of the discharge circuit 11, and similarly, S (X, Y, Z) = 1 is the energization current “medium”, S (X, The discharge circuit is set so that (Y, Z) = 2 is the energization current “small”.

  For example, in the case of ascending operation / steady speed V1 / loading capacity in FIG. 3, the address is (X, Y, Z) = (0, 0, 2), and the rope slip data S (0, 0, 2) = 1, the energization current “medium” is set.

  Then, as will be described in FIG. 4 below, when a rope slip occurs during emergency braking under this operating condition, the rope slip data starts from S (0, 0, 2) = 1 so as to reduce the energization current of the discharge circuit. It is rewritten as S (0, 0, 2) = 2, and the energization current becomes “small” from the energization current “medium”.

  The load capacity has been described in three stages of small / medium / large, and the rope slip data has been described in three stages of 0/1/2. However, it is possible to further increase the number of stages. In this case, although the number of data of S (X, Y, Z) is increased, a fine energization current setting can be made by the discharge circuit 11, and a fine setting of the power generation brake torque can be made.

  Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. FIG. 4 shows the flow from address setting during elevator operation to the construction of the discharge circuit 11. After the elevator is installed at F1, the rope slip data table 18 is initialized before starting the steady operation, that is, all the rope slip data is set to S (X, Y, Z) = 0, and the elevator operation command is issued at F2. When this occurs, the address of the driving condition (driving direction X, steady speed Y, loading capacity Z) before driving is set in F3, and the rope slip data S (X, Y, Z) is referenced with reference to the rope slip data table in F4. F5 is determined based on the rope slip data S (X, Y, Z), and the discharge circuit control means 19 determines that the current flow through the discharge circuit 11 is “large”, “medium”, and “small”, respectively. To set and command ON / OFF of the contacts S1, S2 and S3, and operate the contacts of the discharge circuit 11 at F6 to set the required discharge circuit 11.

  Then, after the elevator starts and stops at F7, emergency braking occurs under this operating condition at F8 to determine the presence or absence of rope slipping. When rope slipping occurs, the data in the rope slipping data table 18 at F9. When S (X, Y, Z) is rewritten as +1 and no rope slip occurs, the process proceeds to F10 and no rewriting is performed. After that, returning to F11, the next operation command is waited for, and when the operation command is generated, the operation of the elevator is continuously repeated from F3.

  Note that when the drive sheave 3 and wire rope 4 are replaced or there is a change in the steady speed and the number of loading stages, the rope slip data table 18 is reset at F12 and the data S (X, Y, Z) is initialized. And start normal operation.

  FIG. 5 is a time chart of elevator speed and brake torque during emergency braking, which will be described with reference to FIG. While the car 5 is operating at a steady speed, an emergency braking command is generated at time T0, and the permanent magnet synchronous motor 1 is switched from the outputs U, V, and W of the inverter device 9 to the discharge circuit 11 and time T1 slightly delayed. The power generation brake torque 20 is generated, and the electromagnetic brake torque 21 is generated from the time T2 which is a little later, and becomes the brake torque 22 added to the power generation brake torque 20.

  In this case, sheave speed 23, rope speed 24, and rope slipping are as follows. The sheave speed 23 and the rope speed 24 begin to decelerate from the time T1 when the power generation brake torque 20 is applied, and the electromagnetic brake torque 21 is applied from the time T2 to increase the brake torque and increase the deceleration, but the rope slip is still occurring. Absent. When the total brake torque 22 further increases, rope slip occurs from time T3, and the drive sheave 3 stops at time T4 before the wire rope 4 like the sheave speed 23. On the other hand, the wire rope 4 slides on the drive sheave 3 and stops at a time point T6 that is further delayed than the drive sheave 3 like the rope speed 24. This rope slip wears the rope groove of the drive sheave 3 and the wire rope 4, and it becomes necessary to regenerate the rope groove and replace the wire rope 4, thereby reducing the reliability of the elevator.

  Therefore, it is effective to reduce the total brake torque 22 in order to prevent rope slip. The electromagnetic brake 2 of the main brake applies a pressing force to the braked body with a normal spring force. The brake torque of the electromagnetic brake 2 can be reduced by reducing the spring force. However, in order to implement this, it is necessary to adjust the force of the electromagnet that opposes the spring force, which is generally difficult. On the other hand, the power generation brake torque 20 can be adjusted relatively easily because the generated current can be adjusted by a circuit such as a resistor.

  That is, when the generated current is reduced to the generated brake torque 25 indicated by the dotted line in FIG. 5, the total brake torque 26 is reduced to be equal to or less than the brake torque at which the rope slip occurs, and the rope slip does not occur. As a result, the drive sheave 3 and the wire rope 4 are stopped at the time T5 between the time T4 and the time T6 without rope slip.

  As described above, the effect of this embodiment is that when a rope slip occurs during emergency braking, the power generation torque generated by the permanent magnet synchronous motor is adjusted to be small so that the power generation braking torque is reduced and the next operation is performed. Since the emergency braking from the rope prevents slipping of the rope, the wear of the rope groove of the drive sheave and the wire rope can be reduced, and a highly reliable elevator apparatus can be obtained.

  Next, a second embodiment will be described based on FIG. FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the discharge circuit 11, which differs from FIG. 2 of the first embodiment in that the terminals r, s, and t of the three-phase AC output generated by the permanent magnet synchronous motor 1 are connected to the rectifier 27. Is rectified and converted to direct current, and the generated current is consumed by the resistor R4 via the resistor R4 and the switching means 28. In other words, the flow adjustment of the generated current is performed by changing the flow rate of the switching means 28 controlled by chopper. This conduction rate is performed by the discharge circuit control means 19 in the same manner as in the case of the resistance means R of the discharge circuit 11 of FIG. 2, and the first embodiment changes the connection of the resistors R1 to R3. In the embodiment, the width of the pulse to be chopper-controlled and the width of the non-flow, that is, the flow and non-flow time are changed.

  The effect of this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and since the discharge circuit is composed of a rectifier, one resistor, and switching means, the number of parts is reduced and the circuit is simplified.

  Next, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 7 differs from FIG. 1 of the first embodiment in that a discharge circuit is provided in a DC section between the converter of the inverter device and the inverter. The same parts as those in FIG.

  That is, a switch 10a is provided between the converter 9a and the inverter 9b, one from the inverter 9b being connected to the converter 9a and the other being connected to the discharge circuit 11b. Then, the generated current from the permanent magnet synchronous motor 1 during emergency braking passes through the inverter 9b and is consumed by the discharge circuit 11b. The configurations and operations of the discharge circuit control means 19 and the rope slip data table 18 are the same as those shown in FIGS. The inverter 9b here has a function of converting the three-phase AC power generated by the permanent magnet synchronous motor 1 into DC.

  The discharge circuit 11b in this case is shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, which correspond to FIGS. 2 and 6 of the first embodiment, respectively. FIG. 8 differs from FIG. 2 in that the resistance means R of the discharge circuit 11b may be one phase among the three phases of FIG. 2, and FIG. 9 is different from FIG. The rectifier 27 in FIG.

  The effect of this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and only one discharge circuit resistance means is required, and the rectifier of the discharge circuit of the second embodiment is not necessary. In this embodiment, the number of parts is further reduced and the circuit can be simplified.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Permanent magnet synchronous motor 2 Electromagnetic brake 3 Drive sheave 4 Wire rope 5 Car cage 6 Balance weight 9a Converter 9b Inverter 9 Inverter device 11, 11b Discharge circuit 12 Sheave speed detector 13 Rope speed detector 14 Driving panel 16 Rope slip judgment Means 18 Rope slip data table 19 Discharge circuit control means 28 Switching means X Operating direction Y Steady speed Z Load R1, R2, R3 Resistance S1, S2, S3 Switch R Resistance means

Claims (2)

The permanent magnet is composed of a drive sheave around which a wire rope that engages a car on one side and a counterweight on the other side is wound, a permanent magnet synchronous motor that drives the drive sheave, a converter, and an inverter. An inverter device that drives a synchronous motor; and an electromagnetic brake that brakes the drive sheave. The permanent magnet synchronous motor drives the drive sheave and the wire rope to raise and lower the car and the counterweight. In an elevator apparatus that is braked with a power generation brake that is generated by consuming current generated by the electromagnetic brake and the permanent magnet synchronous motor in a discharge circuit during braking,
A sheave speed detector that detects the speed of the drive sheave and the permanent magnet synchronous motor, a rope speed detector that detects the speed of the wire rope, and a rope that determines rope slip by the sheave speed detector and the rope speed detector A slip determining means, and a discharge circuit control means for adjusting the generated current of the discharge circuit according to the presence or absence of slippage by the rope slip determining means, and adjusting the power generation brake torque of the permanent magnet synchronous motor ,
Between the rope slip determination means and the discharge circuit control means, a steady speed set by the driving direction and the number of driving floors set from destination information input to a driving panel provided in the car, and Input the load amount detected by the load amount detector provided in the car and the determination of the rope slip, and the address (X, Y) where the driving direction is X, the steady speed is Y, and the load amount is Z , Z) is provided with a rope slip data table for storing the judgment data of the rope slip, and the rope slip data table is used to send data to the discharge circuit control means to adjust the generated current of the discharge circuit. Elevator device characterized. The discharge circuit, constituted by resistors and resistor means or switching means consist of switches, according to claim 1, characterized in that provided between the or between the converter and the inverter and the permanent magnet synchronous motor and the inverter Elevator device.

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