JP6139378B2 - Nonwoven fabric for separation membrane and support for separation membrane - Google Patents
Nonwoven fabric for separation membrane and support for separation membrane Download PDFInfo
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- JP6139378B2 JP6139378B2 JP2013226763A JP2013226763A JP6139378B2 JP 6139378 B2 JP6139378 B2 JP 6139378B2 JP 2013226763 A JP2013226763 A JP 2013226763A JP 2013226763 A JP2013226763 A JP 2013226763A JP 6139378 B2 JP6139378 B2 JP 6139378B2
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- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 title claims description 86
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims description 83
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 66
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 182
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 35
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 35
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 28
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002215 polytrimethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011087 paperboard Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 3
- ISPYQTSUDJAMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1Cl ISPYQTSUDJAMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- NCWLXOCGSDEZPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dimethylcyclohexane Chemical compound C[C]1CCC(C)CC1 NCWLXOCGSDEZPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003232 aliphatic polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006081 fluorescent whitening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012760 heat stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003230 hygroscopic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006224 matting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003225 polyurethane elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Description
本発明は、海水淡水化用分離膜や濃度濃縮等用分離膜などの支持体に好適に用いることのできる分離膜用不織布であって、地合い、強度、加工性に優れた分離膜用不織布、および該分離膜用不織布を用いてなる分離膜支持体に関する。 The present invention is a non-woven fabric for a separation membrane that can be suitably used for a support such as a separation membrane for seawater desalination or a concentration membrane, etc., and has excellent texture, strength, and processability, And a separation membrane support using the nonwoven fabric for separation membrane.
近年の水処理には、多くの場合において膜技術が適用されている。例えば、浄水場での水処理には、精密ろ過膜や限外ろ過膜が用いられており、海水の淡水化には、逆浸透膜が用いられている。また、半導体製造用水、ボイラー用水、医療用水およびラボ用純水等の処理には、逆浸透膜やナノろ過膜が用いられている。さらに、下廃水の処理には、精密ろ過膜や限外ろ過膜を用いた膜分離活性汚泥法も適用されている。 Membrane technology is applied to water treatment in recent years in many cases. For example, microfiltration membranes and ultrafiltration membranes are used for water treatment at water purification plants, and reverse osmosis membranes are used for desalination of seawater. Also, reverse osmosis membranes and nanofiltration membranes are used for the treatment of semiconductor manufacturing water, boiler water, medical water, laboratory pure water, and the like. Furthermore, a membrane separation activated sludge method using a microfiltration membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane is also applied to the treatment of sewage wastewater.
これらの分離膜は、その形状から平膜と中空糸膜に大別され、主に合成重合体から形成される平膜は、分離機能を有する膜単体では機械的強度に劣るため、一般に不織布や織布等の支持体と固着一体化して使用されることが多い。分離膜が高圧下で使用されることが多い逆浸透膜等の半透膜の場合は、支持体には分離膜の耐久性向上のために高い機械的強度が要求され、また、膜分離活性汚泥法に適用される下廃水処理用の分離膜においても、使用中に砂のような無機物や汚泥、その他の固形物が激しく衝突したり、活性汚泥への酸素の供給や目詰まり防止のために行うエアレーション操作による気泡が膜面に激しく衝突したりするので、支持体はそのような衝撃にも十分に耐えられる高い機械的強度を備えていることが重要である。さらには支持体の性状として曲げに対する強度が低いと、製膜する工程でカールが発生して加工性が低下するという問題がある。 These separation membranes are roughly classified into flat membranes and hollow fiber membranes according to their shapes, and flat membranes formed mainly from synthetic polymers are generally poor in mechanical strength with membranes having a separation function. It is often used by being fixed and integrated with a support such as a woven fabric. In the case of a semipermeable membrane such as a reverse osmosis membrane, which is often used under high pressure, the support is required to have high mechanical strength in order to improve the durability of the separation membrane. Even in separation membranes for sewage treatment applied to the sludge process, inorganic substances such as sand, sludge, and other solids collide violently during use, or supply oxygen to activated sludge and clogging prevention. Since the bubbles caused by the aeration operation performed on the surface collide violently with the membrane surface, it is important that the support has a high mechanical strength that can sufficiently withstand such an impact. Furthermore, when the strength against bending is low as a property of the support, there is a problem that curling occurs in the film forming process and the workability is lowered.
従来、このような分離膜支持体として、太い繊維を使用した目開きおよび表面粗度の大きな表面層と、細い繊維を使用した目開きが小で緻密な構造を有する裏面層との二重構造を基本とした多層構造体の不織布よりなる分離膜支持体（例えば、特許文献１参照）や製膜側の表面層が異形断面繊維を主体とする繊維からなる分離膜支持体（例えば、特許文献２参照）などが提案されている。
また、ポリエステル主体繊維とポリエステル未延伸型バインダー繊維とで構成され、最終的にカレンダー加工が施された、地合いに優れたポリエステル系湿式不織布（例えば特許文献３、特許文献４参照）も提案されている。
しかしながら、コスト生産性、強度が高く、地合いが良好で、その後の支持体への分離膜塗工プロセスが容易な分離膜支持体は、これまであまり提案されていない。
Conventionally, as such a separation membrane support, a double structure of a surface layer having a large opening and a large surface roughness using a thick fiber and a back layer having a small structure and a small opening using a thin fiber Separation membrane support made of a non-woven fabric of a multilayer structure based on (for example, see Patent Document 1) or separation membrane support made of a fiber whose surface layer on the film production side is mainly composed of irregular cross-section fibers (for example, Patent Literature 1) 2) is proposed.
In addition, a polyester-based wet nonwoven fabric (see, for example, Patent Document 3 and Patent Document 4) that is composed of a polyester-based fiber and a polyester unstretched binder fiber and is finally calendered has been proposed. Yes.
However, a separation membrane support that has high cost productivity, high strength, good texture, and easy subsequent separation membrane coating process has not been proposed so far.
本発明は上記の背景に鑑みなされたものであり、その目的は、海水淡水化用分離膜や濃度濃縮等用分離膜などの支持体に好適に用いることのできる分離膜用不織布であって、地合い、強度、加工性に優れた分離膜用不織布、および該分離膜用不織布を用いてなる分離膜支持体を提供することである。 The present invention has been made in view of the above background, and its purpose is a nonwoven fabric for a separation membrane that can be suitably used for a support such as a separation membrane for seawater desalination or a separation membrane for concentration concentration, etc. An object is to provide a separation membrane nonwoven fabric excellent in texture, strength and processability, and a separation membrane support using the separation membrane nonwoven fabric.
本発明者らは上記課題を達成するため鋭意検討した結果、特定の異型度を有する主体繊維を用いて不織布を構成すると、地合い、強度、加工性に優れた分離膜用不織布が得られることを見出し、さらに鋭意検討を重ねることにより本発明を完成するに至った。 As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have found that a nonwoven fabric for a separation membrane having excellent texture, strength, and workability can be obtained by forming a nonwoven fabric using main fibers having a specific degree of atypicality. The present invention has been completed by repeated headings and further intensive studies.
かくして、本発明によれば「主体繊維とバインダー繊維とを含み、かつ前記主体繊維がバインダー繊維によって固着されてなる分離膜用不織布であって、下記（１）〜（３）の要件を同時に満足し、かつ前記主体繊維の単繊維横断面形状がＹ字またはＷ字であることを特徴とする分離膜用不織布。」が提供される。
（１）前記主体繊維の単繊維横断面形状において、異型度が１．２以上１０．０以下である。ただし、前記異型度は下記式により定義する。
異型度＝（Ａ／Ｂ）
Ａ：繊維断面の外接円の半径の長さ
Ｂ：繊維断面の内接円の半径の長さ
（２）前記主体繊維の単繊維繊度が０．１〜６．６ｄｔｅｘの範囲内である。
（３）不織布の曲げ剛性が０．５０ｇｆ・ｃｍ２／ｃｍ以上である。
Thus, according to the present invention, “a nonwoven fabric for a separation membrane comprising a main fiber and a binder fiber, the main fiber being fixed by the binder fiber, which simultaneously satisfies the following requirements (1) to (3): And a non-woven fabric for a separation membrane , wherein the main fiber has a single fiber cross-sectional shape of Y or W.
(1) In the single fiber cross-sectional shape of the main fiber, the degree of irregularity is 1.2 or more and 10.0 or less. However, the atypical degree is defined by the following formula.
Atypical degree = (A / B)
A: Length of the radius of the circumscribed circle of the fiber cross section B: Length of the radius of the inscribed circle of the fiber cross section (2) The single fiber fineness of the main fiber is in the range of 0.1 to 6.6 dtex.
(3) The bending rigidity of the nonwoven fabric is 0.50 gf · cm 2 / cm or more.
その際、前記主体繊維において、１０％引張伸長時の応力が４．０〜６．０ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘの範囲内であることが好ましい。また、バインダー繊維の不織布全体重量に対する重量比率が２０〜６０重量％の範囲内であることが好ましい。また、不織布の密度が０．８５ｇ／ｃｍ３以上であることが好ましい。また、不織布の通気度が０．１〜１０．０ｃｍ３／ｃｍ２／ｓｅｃの範囲内であることが好ましい。また、不織布を構成する繊維がすべてポリエステル繊維であることが好ましい。また、不織布が湿式不織布であることが好ましい。また、不織布の目付けが４０〜１００ｇ／ｍ２の範囲内であることが好ましい。
また、本発明によれば、前記の分離膜用不織布を用いてなる分離膜支持体が提供される。
In that case, it is preferable that the stress at the time of 10% tensile elongation is in the range of 4.0 to 6.0 cN / dtex in the main fiber. Moreover, it is preferable that the weight ratio with respect to the whole nonwoven fabric weight of a binder fiber exists in the range of 20 to 60 weight%. Moreover, it is preferable that the density of a nonwoven fabric is 0.85 g / cm < 3 > or more. Moreover, it is preferable that the air permeability of a nonwoven fabric exists in the range of 0.1-10.0 cm < 3 > / cm < 2 > / sec. Moreover, it is preferable that all the fibers which comprise a nonwoven fabric are polyester fibers. Moreover, it is preferable that a nonwoven fabric is a wet nonwoven fabric. Moreover, it is preferable that the fabric weight of a nonwoven fabric exists in the range of 40-100 g / m < 2 >.
Moreover, according to this invention, the separation membrane support body using the said nonwoven fabric for separation membranes is provided.
本発明によれば、海水淡水化用分離膜や濃度濃縮等用分離膜などの支持体に好適に用いることのできる分離膜用不織布であって、地合い、強度、加工性に優れた分離膜用不織布、および該分離膜用不織布を用いてなる分離膜支持体が提供される。 According to the present invention, it is a nonwoven fabric for separation membranes that can be suitably used for a support such as a separation membrane for seawater desalination and a concentration membrane for concentration concentration, etc., and for a separation membrane excellent in texture, strength, and workability A nonwoven fabric and a separation membrane support using the nonwoven fabric for separation membrane are provided.
以下、本発明の実施の形態について詳細に説明する。
本発明の分離膜用不織布は、主体繊維とバインダー繊維とを含み、かつ前記主体繊維がバインダー繊維によって固着されている。
ここで、前記主体繊維の単繊維横断面形状において、異型度が１．２以上１０．０以下（好ましくは１．５以上５．０以下）であることが肝要である。ただし、前記異型度は下記式により定義する。
異型度＝（Ａ／Ｂ）
Ａ：繊維断面の外接円の半径の長さである。
Ｂ：繊維断面の内接円の半径の長さであり、断面内に対向する２辺がある場合は該２辺に内接する内接円の半径を測定し、内接円が複数存在する場合は、最小の内接円の半径を測定する。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
The nonwoven fabric for separation membrane of the present invention includes main fibers and binder fibers, and the main fibers are fixed by the binder fibers.
Here, in the single fiber cross-sectional shape of the main fiber, it is important that the degree of irregularity is 1.2 or more and 10.0 or less (preferably 1.5 or more and 5.0 or less). However, the atypical degree is defined by the following formula.
Atypical degree = (A / B)
A: The length of the radius of the circumscribed circle of the fiber cross section.
B: The length of the radius of the inscribed circle in the fiber cross section. When there are two sides facing each other in the cross section, the radius of the inscribed circle inscribed in the two sides is measured, and there are a plurality of inscribed circles Measures the radius of the smallest inscribed circle.
該異型度が１．２未満では、不織布の剛性が低くなり、加工性が低下する恐れがある。逆に、該異型度が１０．０を越えると、カレンダー加工等で圧力がかかった際に断面部分の最も細い部分が割れたり、フィルム状となって通気性能を発揮できなくなるおそれがある。 If the degree of profile is less than 1.2, the rigidity of the nonwoven fabric is lowered, and the workability may be reduced. On the contrary, if the degree of atypicality exceeds 10.0, there is a possibility that the thinnest portion of the cross-sectional portion is cracked when the pressure is applied by calendering or the like, or it becomes a film and cannot exhibit the ventilation performance.
前記主体繊維において、単繊維繊度が０．１〜６．６ｄｔｅｘ（好ましくは０．３〜４．５ｄｔｅｘ、より好ましくは０．５〜３．３ｄｔｅｘ）の範囲内であることが肝要である。該単繊維繊度が０．１ｄｔｅｘ未満では繊維同士の絡みを生じ、得られる不織布の地合い悪化の原因になるおそれがある。逆に、該繊維径が６．６ｄｔｅｘよりも大きいと不織布に占める繊維の本数が極めて少なくなり、不織布の特長のひとつである緻密性が損なわれるおそれがある。なお、溶融紡糸の際の溶融ポリマーの吐出量、引取り速度、その後必要に応じて行う延伸処理条件の設定により、かかる単繊維繊度を有する主体繊維を得ることができる。 In the main fiber, it is important that the single fiber fineness is in the range of 0.1 to 6.6 dtex (preferably 0.3 to 4.5 dtex, more preferably 0.5 to 3.3 dtex). When the single fiber fineness is less than 0.1 dtex, the fibers are entangled, which may cause deterioration of the texture of the resulting nonwoven fabric. On the contrary, if the fiber diameter is larger than 6.6 dtex, the number of fibers in the nonwoven fabric is extremely small, and the denseness, which is one of the features of the nonwoven fabric, may be impaired. The main fiber having such a single fiber fineness can be obtained by setting the discharge amount of the molten polymer at the time of melt spinning, the take-up speed, and the setting of the drawing treatment performed as necessary.
かかる主体繊維の種類としては、ポリエステル系重合体、ポリアミド系重合体、ポリオレフィン系重合体、あるいはこれらの混合物や共重合体等を用いた繊維が挙げられる。なかでも、より機械的強度、耐熱性、耐水性および耐薬品性等の耐久性に優れた分離膜支持体を得る上でポリエステル系重合体を用いたポリエステル繊維が好ましく用いられる。 Examples of the type of the main fiber include a fiber using a polyester polymer, a polyamide polymer, a polyolefin polymer, or a mixture or copolymer thereof. Among these, polyester fibers using a polyester polymer are preferably used for obtaining a separation membrane support having excellent mechanical strength, heat resistance, water resistance, chemical resistance and the like.
ポリエステル繊維としては、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリトリメチレンテレフタレート、ポリヘキサメチレンテレフタレート、ポリ−１，４−ジメチルシクロヘキサンテレフタレート、ポリピバロラクトンやこれらの共重合体、または、ポリ乳酸やステレオコンプレックスポリ乳酸などの脂肪族ポリエステルを常法により紡糸、延伸した繊維が好ましく例示される。前記ポリエステルとしては、マテリアルリサイクルまたはケミカルリサイクルされたポリエステルであってもよい。さらには、特開２００４−２７００９７号公報や特開２００４−２１１２６８号公報に記載されているような、特定のリン化合物およびチタン化合物を含む触媒を用いて得られたポリエステルでもよい。該ポリマー中には、本発明の目的を損なわない範囲内で必要に応じて、微細孔形成剤、カチオン染料可染剤、着色防止剤、熱安定剤、蛍光増白剤、艶消し剤、着色剤、吸湿剤、無機微粒子が１種または２種以上含まれていてもよい。 Polyester fibers include polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polyhexamethylene terephthalate, poly-1,4-dimethylcyclohexane terephthalate, polypivalolactone and copolymers thereof, or polylactic acid and stereocomplex. Preferred examples include fibers obtained by spinning and drawing an aliphatic polyester such as polylactic acid by a conventional method. The polyester may be material recycled or chemically recycled polyester. Furthermore, the polyester obtained using the catalyst containing the specific phosphorus compound and titanium compound which are described in Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2004-270097 and 2004-21268 may be sufficient. In the polymer, a fine pore forming agent, a cationic dye dyeing agent, an anti-coloring agent, a heat stabilizer, a fluorescent whitening agent, a matting agent, a coloring agent may be added as necessary within the range not impairing the object of the present invention. 1 type (s) or 2 or more types of an agent, a hygroscopic agent, and inorganic fine particles may be contained.
また、前記主体繊維において、１０％引張伸長時の応力が４．０ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘ以上（より好ましくは４．０〜６．０ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘ）であることが好ましい。該応力が４．０ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘよりも小さいと、主体繊維の剛性が小さくなりすぎて不織布の曲げ剛性が低下するおそれがある。一方で該応力が６．０ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘよりも大きいとバインダー繊維との接着性不良による不織布の強度低下を招くおそれがある。前記主体繊維の１０％引張伸長時の応力は、繊維を構成する樹脂の固有粘度を高めることや、繊維製造過程における緊張熱セット温度、緊張熱セット倍率等により調整することが可能である。 In the main fiber, the stress at 10% tensile elongation is preferably 4.0 cN / dtex or more (more preferably 4.0 to 6.0 cN / dtex). If the stress is less than 4.0 cN / dtex, the stiffness of the main fiber becomes too small and the bending stiffness of the nonwoven fabric may be reduced. On the other hand, when the stress is larger than 6.0 cN / dtex, the strength of the nonwoven fabric may be lowered due to poor adhesion to the binder fiber. The stress at the time of 10% tensile elongation of the main fiber can be adjusted by increasing the intrinsic viscosity of the resin constituting the fiber, the tension heat set temperature in the fiber manufacturing process, the tension heat set magnification, and the like.
前記主体繊維において、繊維の形態は長繊維でもよいが繊維の分散性をあげることによりバインダー繊維の流動性を向上させバインダー繊維による固着点が形成されやすくする上で短繊維が好ましい。その際、繊維長としては１〜２５ｍｍ（より好ましくは１．５〜２０ｍｍ、さらに好ましくは２．０〜１５ｍｍ、もっとも好ましくは３．０〜１０ｍｍ）の範囲内であることが好ましい。該繊維長が１ｍｍよりも小さいと、水分散後、ワイヤーでの抄上げ時の繊維同士の絡みが小さくなり、繊維脱落や湿紙切れ等の懸念がある。逆に、該繊維長が２５ｍｍよりも大きいと、水分散が極めて難しく、均一な地合いを有する不織布が得られないおそれがある。
前記主体繊維は、捲縮の付与されていないストレート繊維でもよいし、機械捲縮や異方冷却により捲縮を付与した捲縮繊維でもよい。
In the main fiber, the fiber may be in the form of long fiber, but short fiber is preferable in order to improve the fluidity of the binder fiber by increasing the dispersibility of the fiber and to easily form the fixing point by the binder fiber. At that time, the fiber length is preferably in the range of 1 to 25 mm (more preferably 1.5 to 20 mm, still more preferably 2.0 to 15 mm, and most preferably 3.0 to 10 mm). When the fiber length is less than 1 mm, the fibers are less entangled during the paper-making process after the water dispersion, and there is a concern that the fibers may fall off or the wet paper may be cut. On the other hand, when the fiber length is longer than 25 mm, water dispersion is extremely difficult, and a non-woven fabric having a uniform texture may not be obtained.
The main fiber may be a straight fiber that has not been crimped, or a crimped fiber that has been crimped by mechanical crimping or anisotropic cooling.
本発明の分離膜用不織布において、バインダー繊維の不織布全体重量に対する重量比率が２０〜６０重量％（すなわち、主体繊維の重量比率が８０〜４０重量％）の範囲内であることが好ましい。バインダー繊維の重量比率が２０重量％よりも小さいと、不織布の強度が低下するおそれがある。逆に、バインダー繊維の重量比率が６０重量％よりも大きいと主体繊維の重量比率が低下すると同時に、カレンダー加工時にバインダー繊維がフィルム化して通気度が低下するおそれがある。
ここで、バインダー繊維としては、融点が２２０〜２６５℃の成分を含む繊維が好ましい。また、バインダー繊維は、芯鞘型複合繊維でもよいし単一成分からなる繊維でもよい。
In the nonwoven fabric for separation membrane of the present invention, the weight ratio of the binder fiber to the whole nonwoven fabric weight is preferably in the range of 20 to 60% by weight (that is, the weight ratio of the main fiber is 80 to 40% by weight). When the weight ratio of the binder fiber is smaller than 20% by weight, the strength of the nonwoven fabric may be lowered. On the contrary, if the weight ratio of the binder fiber is larger than 60% by weight, the weight ratio of the main fiber is decreased, and at the same time, the binder fiber may be formed into a film at the time of calendering and the air permeability may be decreased.
Here, as a binder fiber, the fiber containing melting | fusing point 220-265 degreeC is preferable. The binder fiber may be a core-sheath type composite fiber or a fiber composed of a single component.
芯鞘型複合繊維としては、鞘成分に熱融着成分と芯成分にポリエチレンテレフタレートなどポリエステルを配しており前者が繊維表面に露出している繊維が好ましい。重量割合としては、前者と後者が３０／７０〜７０／３０の範囲が適当である。この芯鞘型においては、繊維形成性熱可塑性ポリマーが芯部となるが、該芯部は同心円状あるいは偏心状であってもよい。特に、偏心状のものにあっては、スパイラル捲縮が発現するので好ましい。なお、該複合短繊維の断面形状としては、中空、中実、異型いずれでもよい。 As the core-sheath type composite fiber, a fiber in which a heat fusion component is arranged as a sheath component and polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate is arranged as a core component and the former is exposed on the fiber surface is preferable. As a weight ratio, the range of 30/70 to 70/30 is appropriate for the former and the latter. In this core-sheath type, the fiber-forming thermoplastic polymer becomes the core, but the core may be concentric or eccentric. In particular, an eccentric shape is preferable because spiral crimps are manifested. The cross-sectional shape of the composite short fiber may be hollow, solid, or atypical.
芯鞘型複合繊維の熱融着成分として配されるポリマーとしては、ポリウレタン系エラストマー、ポリエステル系エラストマー、非弾性ポリエステル系ポリマーおよびその共重合物（共重合系ポリエステルポリマー）、ポリオレフィン系ポリマーおよびその共重合物、ポリビニルアルコール系ポリマーなどを挙げることができる。 Polymers distributed as the heat-seal component of the core-sheath composite fiber include polyurethane elastomers, polyester elastomers, inelastic polyester polymers and copolymers (copolymer polyester polymers), polyolefin polymers and copolymers thereof. A polymer, a polyvinyl alcohol-type polymer, etc. can be mentioned.
一方、単一成分からなるバインダー繊維として、ポリエステルからなる未延伸繊維が好ましい。かかる未延伸繊維としては、ポリエチレンテレフタレートやポリトリメチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレートなどのポリエステルを紡糸速度が８００〜１２００ｍ／分で紡糸された未延伸繊維が挙げられる。好ましくは、ポリエチレンテレフタレートやポリトリメチレンテレフタレートからなる未延伸繊維である。ポリエチレンテレフタレートやポリトリメチレンテレフタレートからなる未延伸繊維は、通常、ｏ−クロロフェノール、３５℃で測定された固有粘度が０．８０〜１．００ｄＬ／ｇのポリマーを２４０〜２８０℃の紡糸口金から吐出し、８００〜１２００ｍ／分、好ましくは９００〜１１００ｍ／分で巻き取ることにより得られる。この未延伸繊維は、通常、複屈折率が０．０１〜０．０５で、融点は２２０〜２３０℃であり、バインダー繊維として有用である。 On the other hand, unstretched fibers made of polyester are preferable as binder fibers made of a single component. Examples of such unstretched fibers include unstretched fibers obtained by spinning a polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, or polybutylene terephthalate at a spinning speed of 800 to 1200 m / min. Preferably, it is an undrawn fiber made of polyethylene terephthalate or polytrimethylene terephthalate. An unstretched fiber made of polyethylene terephthalate or polytrimethylene terephthalate is usually o-chlorophenol, a polymer having an intrinsic viscosity measured at 35 ° C. of 0.80 to 1.00 dL / g from a spinneret of 240 to 280 ° C. It is obtained by discharging and winding up at 800 to 1200 m / min, preferably 900 to 1100 m / min. This unstretched fiber usually has a birefringence of 0.01 to 0.05 and a melting point of 220 to 230 ° C. and is useful as a binder fiber.
前記バインダー繊維において、単繊維径が２〜２５μｍ（より好ましくは５〜２０μｍ、特に好ましくは７〜１８μｍ）の範囲内であることが好ましい。該単繊維径が２μｍよりも小さい場合、不織布の強度が低下するおそれがある。逆に、該単繊維径が２５μｍよりも大きいと不織布の地合いが悪くなるおそれがある。 The binder fiber preferably has a single fiber diameter in the range of 2 to 25 μm (more preferably 5 to 20 μm, particularly preferably 7 to 18 μm). When the single fiber diameter is smaller than 2 μm, the strength of the nonwoven fabric may be lowered. On the contrary, if the single fiber diameter is larger than 25 μm, the texture of the nonwoven fabric may be deteriorated.
また、前記バインダー繊維において、繊維長が０．１〜２５ｍｍの範囲内にあることが好ましい。該繊維長が０．１ｍｍ未満では、不織布の強度が低下するおそれがある。逆に、該繊維長が２５ｍｍよりも大きいと、抄紙の際の繊維分散が悪くなり、地合いが低下するおそれがある。 In the binder fiber, the fiber length is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 25 mm. If the fiber length is less than 0.1 mm, the strength of the nonwoven fabric may be reduced. On the contrary, when the fiber length is longer than 25 mm, fiber dispersion at the time of papermaking deteriorates and the texture may be lowered.
本発明の分離膜用不織布において、不織布の曲げ剛性が０．５０ｇｆ・ｃｍ２／ｃｍ以上（好ましくは０．５０〜１．０ｇｆ・ｃｍ２／ｃｍ）であることが肝要である。不織布の曲げ剛性が０．５０ｇｆ・ｃｍ２／ｃｍよりも小さいと、製膜する工程でカールが発生するなど加工性が低下するおそれがあり好ましくない。 In the nonwoven fabric for separation membrane of the present invention, it is important that the flexural rigidity of the nonwoven fabric is 0.50 gf · cm 2 / cm or more (preferably 0.50 to 1.0 gf · cm 2 / cm). If the flexural rigidity of the nonwoven fabric is less than 0.50 gf · cm 2 / cm, the processability may be lowered, for example, curling may occur in the film forming step, which is not preferable.
本発明の分離膜用不織布において、不織布の種類としては、湿式不織布、乾式不織布、エアレイド不織布いずれでもよいが、地合いの点で湿式不織布が好ましい。
本発明の分離膜用不織布を製造する方法は通常の方法でよい。例えば、湿式不織布の場合、通常の長網抄紙機、短網抄紙機、丸網抄紙機、あるいはこれらを複数台組み合わせて多層抄きなどにしても何ら問題ない。
In the nonwoven fabric for separation membrane of the present invention, the type of nonwoven fabric may be any of a wet nonwoven fabric, a dry nonwoven fabric, and an airlaid nonwoven fabric, but a wet nonwoven fabric is preferred in terms of texture.
The method for producing the nonwoven fabric for separation membrane of the present invention may be a normal method. For example, in the case of a wet non-woven fabric, there is no problem even if it is a normal long net paper machine, a short net paper machine, a round net paper machine, or a combination of a plurality of these to make a multi-layer paper.
熱処理工程としては、抄紙工程後、ヤンキードライヤー、あるいはエアースルードライヤーのどちらでも可能である。また、金属／金属ローラー、金属／ペーパーローラー、金属／弾性ローラーなどのカレンダー／エンボスを施しても良い。特にカレンダー加工（２本のロールの間に不織布を通す加工）を不織布に施すと、バインダー繊維である芯鞘型ポリエステル複合繊維の鞘部が熱溶融し、該バインダー繊維により主体繊維が熱接着されるため、不織布の強度が向上し好ましい。
ここで、熱カレンダー処理は、通常、温度が１５０〜２３０℃（より好ましくは１８０〜２００℃）で、圧力は８０〜２４０ｋｇ／ｃｍ（より好ましくは１２０〜１８０ｋｇ／ｃｍ）であることが好ましい。
As the heat treatment process, either a Yankee dryer or an air-through dryer is possible after the paper making process. Moreover, you may give calendar / embossing, such as a metal / metal roller, a metal / paper roller, and a metal / elastic roller. In particular, when calendering (processing of passing a nonwoven fabric between two rolls) is applied to the nonwoven fabric, the sheath portion of the core-sheath polyester composite fiber, which is a binder fiber, is thermally melted, and the main fiber is thermally bonded by the binder fiber. Therefore, the strength of the nonwoven fabric is improved, which is preferable.
Here, it is preferable that the temperature of the thermal calendar treatment is usually 150 to 230 ° C. (more preferably 180 to 200 ° C.) and the pressure is 80 to 240 kg / cm (more preferably 120 to 180 kg / cm).
かくして得られた分離膜用不織布において、不織布の目付けとしては４０〜１００ｇ／ｍ２（より好ましくは５０〜８０ｇ／ｍ２）の範囲が好ましい。該目付けが４０ｇ／ｍ２未満では支持体としての機能を発揮するだけの強度等を達成する事が困難となるおそれがある。逆に、該目付けが１００ｇ／ｍ２を越える場合、軽量性やコンパクト性が損なわれるおそれがある。 In the nonwoven fabric for separation membrane thus obtained, the basis weight of the nonwoven fabric is preferably in the range of 40 to 100 g / m 2 (more preferably 50 to 80 g / m 2 ). If the basis weight is less than 40 g / m 2, it may be difficult to achieve strength or the like sufficient to exhibit the function as a support. On the other hand, if the basis weight exceeds 100 g / m 2 , the lightness and compactness may be impaired.
不織布の厚さとしては、６０〜１３０μｍの範囲内であることが好ましい。該厚さが６０μｍ未満では支持体としての機能を発揮するだけの強度等を達成する事が困難となるおそれがある。逆に、該厚さが１３０μｍを越える場合、軽量性やコンパクト性が損なわれるおそれがある。
また、不織布の密度としては、０．８５ｇ／ｃｍ３以上（より好ましくは０．８５〜１．１ｇ／ｃｍ３）であることが好ましい。該密度が０．８５ｇ／ｃｍ３未満では支持体としての機能を発揮するだけの強度等を達成する事が困難となるおそれがある。
The thickness of the nonwoven fabric is preferably in the range of 60 to 130 μm. If the thickness is less than 60 μm, it may be difficult to achieve strength or the like sufficient to exhibit the function as a support. On the other hand, when the thickness exceeds 130 μm, the lightness and compactness may be impaired.
Moreover, as a density of a nonwoven fabric, it is preferable that it is 0.85 g / cm < 3 > or more (more preferably 0.85-1.1 g / cm < 3 >). If the density is less than 0.85 g / cm 3, it may be difficult to achieve strength and the like sufficient to exhibit the function as a support.
また、不織布の通気度としては０．１〜１０ｃｃ／ｃｍ２／ｓ（より好ましくは０．５〜２ｃｃ／ｃｍ２／ｓ）であることが好ましい。０．１ｃｃ／ｃｍ２／ｓ未満では、通気度が低すぎて製膜の際に膜が不織布に接着しにくくなり加工性が低下するおそれがある。逆に、通気度が１０ｃｃ／ｃｍ２／ｓを超えた場合、製膜液が不織布の裏面にまで滲出しやすくなり、膜構造にピンホールが発生しやすくなるおそれがある。
本発明の分離膜用不織布は、前記の構成を有しているので、地合い、強度、加工性に優れる。
The air permeability of the nonwoven fabric is preferably 0.1 to 10 cc / cm 2 / s (more preferably 0.5 to 2 cc / cm 2 / s). If it is less than 0.1 cc / cm 2 / s, the air permeability is too low, and it is difficult for the film to adhere to the nonwoven fabric during film formation, and the workability may be reduced. On the other hand, when the air permeability exceeds 10 cc / cm 2 / s, the film-forming solution tends to exude to the back surface of the nonwoven fabric, and pinholes are likely to occur in the film structure.
Since the nonwoven fabric for separation membranes of the present invention has the above-described configuration, it is excellent in texture, strength, and workability.
次に、本発明の分離膜支持体は、前記の分離膜用不織布を用いてなる分離膜支持体である。かかる分離膜支持体は前記の分離膜用不織布を用いているので、地合い、強度、加工性に優れる。なお、かかる分離膜支持体には、海水淡水化用分離膜支持体、濃度濃縮等用分離膜支持体、浄水場での水処理用分離膜支持体、下水や廃水の処理用分離膜支持体などが含まれる。 Next, the separation membrane support of the present invention is a separation membrane support formed using the above-mentioned nonwoven fabric for separation membrane. Since such a separation membrane support uses the above-mentioned nonwoven fabric for separation membrane, it is excellent in texture, strength and workability. Such a separation membrane support includes a separation membrane support for seawater desalination, a separation membrane support for concentration concentration, etc., a separation membrane support for water treatment at a water purification plant, and a separation membrane support for treatment of sewage and wastewater. Etc. are included.
次に本発明の実施例及び比較例を詳述するが、本発明はこれらによって限定されるものではない。なお、実施例中の各測定項目は下記の方法で測定した。 Next, although the Example and comparative example of this invention are explained in full detail, this invention is not limited by these. In addition, each measurement item in an Example was measured with the following method.
（１）引張強度
ＪＩＳ Ｐ８１１３（紙及び板紙の引張強さ試験方法）に基づいて実施し、ＭＤ方向とＣＤ方向の引張り強度の値を、それぞれ小数点以下第二位を四捨五入して求めた。
(1) Tensile strength The tensile strength values in the MD direction and the CD direction were calculated by rounding off each decimal place to the second decimal place, based on JIS P8113 (paper and paperboard tensile strength test method).
（２）目付
ＪＩＳ Ｐ８１２４（紙のメートル坪量測定方法）に基づいて実施し、小数点以下第一位を四捨五入して求めた。
(2) Basis weight The weight was calculated based on JIS P8124 (Measuring basis weight of paper) and rounded off to the first decimal place.
（３）厚み
ＪＩＳ Ｐ８１１８（紙及び板紙の厚さと密度の試験方法）に基づいて実施した。
(3) Thickness Measured based on JIS P8118 (Test method for thickness and density of paper and paperboard).
（４）密度
ＪＩＳ Ｐ８１１８（紙及び板紙の厚さと密度の試験方法）に基づいて実施した。
(4) Density It was carried out based on JIS P8118 (Test method for thickness and density of paper and paperboard).
（５）通気度
ＪＩＳ Ｌ１９１３（一般短繊維不織布試験方法）に基づいて測定した。
(5) Air permeability Measured based on JIS L1913 (general short fiber nonwoven fabric test method).
（６）異型度
不織布からランダムに小片サンプル１０個を採取し、走査型電子顕微鏡で５００〜３０００倍の写真を撮影し、内接円、外接円の半径値より、それらの平均値を小数点以下第二位を四捨五入して下記式により求めた。
異型度＝（Ａ／Ｂ）
Ａ：繊維断面の外接円の半径の長さである。
Ｂ：繊維断面の内接円の半径の長さであり、断面内に対向する２辺がある場合は該２辺に内接する内接円の半径を測定し、内接円が複数存在する場合は、最小の内接円の半径を測定する。
(6) Degree of profile Ten small sample samples were randomly collected from the nonwoven fabric, photographed 500 to 3000 times with a scanning electron microscope, and the average value of the inscribed circle and circumscribed circle was calculated from the decimal point. The second place was rounded off and calculated by the following formula.
Atypical degree = (A / B)
A: The length of the radius of the circumscribed circle of the fiber cross section.
B: The length of the radius of the inscribed circle in the fiber cross section. When there are two sides facing each other in the cross section, the radius of the inscribed circle inscribed in the two sides is measured, and there are a plurality of inscribed circles Measures the radius of the smallest inscribed circle.
（７）固有粘度
繊維を１００℃、６０分間でオルトクロロフェノールに溶解した希薄溶液を、３５℃でウベローデ粘度計を用いて測定した値から求めた。
(7) Intrinsic viscosity A dilute solution in which the fiber was dissolved in orthochlorophenol at 100 ° C for 60 minutes was determined from the value measured at 35 ° C using an Ubbelohde viscometer.
（８）融点
パーキンエルマ社製示差走査型熱量計を用い、昇温速度２０℃／分の条件で窒素雰囲気下にて測定し、得られた融解吸熱曲線において極値を与える温度を融点とした。また、示差走査型熱量計において融解吸熱曲線が極値を示さない樹脂については、ホットプレート上で加熱し、顕微鏡観察により樹脂が完全に溶融した温度を融点とした。
(8) Melting point Using a differential scanning calorimeter manufactured by Perkin Elma Co., Ltd., measured under a nitrogen atmosphere at a temperature rising rate of 20 ° C./min. . Further, for a resin whose melting endotherm curve does not show an extreme value in a differential scanning calorimeter, the resin was heated on a hot plate, and the temperature at which the resin was completely melted by microscopic observation was taken as the melting point.
（９）曲げ剛性
カトーテック株式会社製「ＫＥＳ−ＦＢ２純曲げ試験機」を使用し、５ｃｍ×５ｃｍのサンプル片を変形速度０．５０ｃｍ−１／ｓｅｃで曲げ曲率Ｋ＝−２．５〜２．５ｃｍ−１まで走査した際の、Ｋ＝−１．５〜−０．５における傾きＢｂ、およびＫ＝０．５〜１．５ｃｍ−１における傾きＢｆから得られる、Ｂ＝（Ｂｂ＋Ｂｆ）／２を曲げ剛性と定義した。また、ここで言う曲げ剛性は、サンプル片のタテ方向の曲げ剛性とヨコ方向の曲げ剛性を平均化した数値で示した。
(9) Flexural rigidity Using a “KES-FB2 pure bending tester” manufactured by Kato Tech Co., Ltd., a 5 cm × 5 cm sample piece was bent at a deformation rate of 0.50 cm−1 / sec and the bending curvature K = −2.5 to 2 B = (Bb + Bf) / obtained from the slope Bb at K = −1.5 to −0.5 and the slope Bf at K = 0.5 to 1.5 cm−1 when scanned to .5 cm−1. 2 was defined as bending stiffness. Moreover, the bending rigidity said here was shown by the numerical value which averaged the bending rigidity of the vertical direction of the sample piece, and the bending rigidity of the horizontal direction.
［実施例１］
繊維繊度０．６ｄｔｅｘ、繊維長５ｍｍ、断面の異型度が３．１の十字断面形状で、１０％引張伸長時の応力が４．０８ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘの延伸ポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）繊維６０％と、繊維繊度が１．２ｄｔｅｘであり、融点が２５７℃であり、繊維の固有粘度が０．６０８である、繊維長が５ｍｍの未延伸ポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）繊維４０％を、チェスト内で水中に充分分散させて、繊維濃度０．０５％の水性スラリーを調整し、これを傾斜短網抄紙機に送り、抄紙流れ方向と幅方向の引張強度比を調整しながら繊維が立体的に集合してなる不織布を抄造した。得られた不織布を、加熱金属ロールと弾性ロールの組み合わせのカレンダー装置を用いて、温度２１０℃、圧力６０ｋｇ／ｃｍ、スピード２５ｍ／ｍｉｎの条件で加工した。評価結果を表１に示す。
[Example 1]
60% stretched polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber having a cross-sectional shape of a fiber fineness of 0.6 dtex, a fiber length of 5 mm, and a cross-sectional profile of 3.1, and a 10% tensile elongation of 4.08 cN / dtex. 40% unstretched polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber with a fineness of 1.2 dtex, melting point of 257 ° C., fiber intrinsic viscosity of 0.608 and fiber length of 5 mm is sufficiently dispersed in water in the chest. A non-woven fabric in which an aqueous slurry having a fiber concentration of 0.05% is prepared, sent to an inclined short net paper machine, and fibers are gathered three-dimensionally while adjusting the tensile strength ratio in the paper flow direction and the width direction. Made. The obtained non-woven fabric was processed under the conditions of a temperature of 210 ° C., a pressure of 60 kg / cm, and a speed of 25 m / min using a calender device of a combination of a heated metal roll and an elastic roll. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
［実施例２］
主体繊維に、繊維繊度１．７ｄｔｅｘ、繊維長５ｍｍ、断面の異型度が３．１の十字断面形状で、１０％引張伸長時の応力が４．２０ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘの延伸ポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）繊維６０％を使用した以外は、実施例１と同条件にて実施した。評価結果を表１に示す。
[Example 2]
The main fiber is a stretched polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber 60 having a cross-sectional shape with a fiber fineness of 1.7 dtex, a fiber length of 5 mm, and a cross-sectional profile of 3.1, and a 10% tensile elongation stress of 4.20 cN / dtex. % Was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that% was used. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
［実施例３］
主体繊維に、繊維繊度３．３ｄｔｅｘ、繊維長５ｍｍ、断面の異型度が３．１の十字断面形状で、１０％引張伸長時の応力が４．１５ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘの延伸ポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）繊維６０％を使用した以外は、実施例１と同条件にて実施した。評価結果を表１に示す。
[Example 3]
As a main fiber, a stretched polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber 60 having a cross-sectional shape with a fiber fineness of 3.3 dtex, a fiber length of 5 mm, and a cross-sectional profile of 3.1, and a 10% tensile elongation of 4.15 cN / dtex is obtained. % Was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that% was used. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
［実施例４］
主体繊維に、繊維繊度０．６ｄｔｅｘ、繊維長５ｍｍ、断面の異型度が１．９のＹ字断面形状で、１０％引張伸長時の応力が４．１１ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘの延伸ポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）繊維６０％を使用した以外は、実施例１と同条件にて実施した。評価結果を表１に示す。
[Example 4]
The main fiber is a stretched polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber having a fiber fineness of 0.6 dtex, a fiber length of 5 mm, a cross-sectional profile of 1.9 and a Y-shaped cross section of 1.9, and a 10% tensile elongation stress of 4.11 cN / dtex. It implemented on the same conditions as Example 1 except having used 60%. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
［実施例５］
主体繊維に、繊維繊度１．７ｄｔｅｘ、繊維長５ｍｍ、断面の異型度が１．９のＹ字断面形状で、１０％引張伸長時の応力が４．１８ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘの延伸ポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）繊維６０％を使用した以外は、実施例１と同条件にて実施した。評価結果を表１に示す。
[Example 5]
The main fiber is a stretched polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber having a fiber fineness of 1.7 dtex, a fiber length of 5 mm, a cross-sectional profile of 1.9 and a Y-shaped cross section of 1.9, and a 10% tensile elongation of 4.18 cN / dtex. It implemented on the same conditions as Example 1 except having used 60%. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
［実施例６］
主体繊維に、繊維繊度３．３ｄｔｅｘ、繊維長５ｍｍ、断面の異型度が１．９のＹ字断面形状で、１０％引張伸長時の応力が４．３０ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘの延伸ポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）繊維６０％を使用した以外は、実施例１と同条件にて実施した。評価結果を表１に示す。
[Example 6]
The main fiber is a stretched polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber having a fiber fineness of 3.3 dtex, a fiber length of 5 mm, a cross-sectional profile of 1.9 and a Y-shaped cross-section with a 10% tensile elongation of 4.30 cN / dtex. It implemented on the same conditions as Example 1 except having used 60%. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
［実施例７］
主体繊維に、繊維繊度０．６ｄｔｅｘ、繊維長５ｍｍ、断面の異型度が４．４のＷ字断面形状で、１０％引張伸長時の応力が４．０１ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘの延伸ポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）繊維６０％を使用した以外は、実施例１と同条件にて実施した。評価結果を表１に示す。
[Example 7]
Stretched polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber having a W-shaped cross section with a fiber fineness of 0.6 dtex, a fiber length of 5 mm, and a cross-section irregularity of 4.4, and a 10% tensile elongation stress of 4.01 cN / dtex as the main fiber It implemented on the same conditions as Example 1 except having used 60%. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
［実施例８］
主体繊維に、繊維繊度１．７ｄｔｅｘ、繊維長５ｍｍ、断面の異型度が４．４のＷ字断面形状で、１０％引張伸長時の応力が４．１２ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘの延伸ポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）繊維６０％を使用した以外は、実施例１と同条件にて実施した。評価結果を表１に示す。
[Example 8]
The main fiber is a drawn polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber having a W-shaped cross section with a fiber fineness of 1.7 dtex, a fiber length of 5 mm, and a cross-section irregularity of 4.4, and a 10% tensile elongation stress of 4.12 cN / dtex. It implemented on the same conditions as Example 1 except having used 60%. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
［実施例９］
主体繊維に、繊維繊度３．３ｄｔｅｘ、繊維長５ｍｍ、断面の異型度が４．４のＷ字断面形状で、１０％引張伸長時の応力が４．３１ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘの延伸ポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）繊維６０％を使用した以外は、実施例１と同条件にて実施した。評価結果を表１に示す。
[Example 9]
The main fiber is a stretched polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber having a W-shaped cross section having a fiber fineness of 3.3 dtex, a fiber length of 5 mm, and a cross-section irregularity of 4.4, and a 10% tensile elongation stress of 4.31 cN / dtex. It implemented on the same conditions as Example 1 except having used 60%. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
［比較例１］
主体繊維に、繊維繊度０．６ｄｔｅｘ、繊維長５ｍｍ、断面の異型度が５．２の扁平断面形状で、１０％引張伸長時の応力が４．０１ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘの延伸ポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）繊維６０％を使用した以外は、実施例１と同条件にて実施した。評価結果を表１に示す。
[Comparative Example 1]
The main fiber is a stretched polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber 60 having a flat cross-sectional shape with a fiber fineness of 0.6 dtex, a fiber length of 5 mm, and a cross-sectional profile of 5.2, and a 10% tensile elongation stress of 4.01 cN / dtex. % Was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that% was used. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
［比較例２］
主体繊維に、繊維繊度１．７ｄｔｅｘ、繊維長５ｍｍ、断面の異型度が５．２の扁平断面形状で、１０％引張伸長時の応力が３．９７ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘの延伸ポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）繊維６０％を使用した以外は、実施例１と同条件にて実施した。評価結果を表１に示す。
[Comparative Example 2]
The main fiber is a stretched polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber 60 having a flat cross-sectional shape with a fiber fineness of 1.7 dtex, a fiber length of 5 mm, and a cross-sectional profile of 5.2, and a 10% tensile elongation stress of 3.97 cN / dtex. % Was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that% was used. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
［比較例３］
主体繊維に、繊維繊度３．３ｄｔｅｘ、繊維長５ｍｍ、断面の異型度が５．２の扁平断面形状で、１０％引張伸長時の応力が４．１０ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘの延伸ポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）繊維６０％を使用した以外は、実施例１と同条件にて実施した。評価結果を表１に示す。
[Comparative Example 3]
As a main fiber, a stretched polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber 60 having a flat cross-sectional shape with a fiber fineness of 3.3 dtex, a fiber length of 5 mm, and a cross-sectional profile of 5.2, and a 10% tensile elongation of 4.10 cN / dtex is obtained. % Was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that% was used. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
［比較例４］
主体繊維に、繊維繊度３．３ｄｔｅｘ、繊維長５ｍｍ、丸断面で、１０％引張伸長時の応力が４．１５ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘの延伸ポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）繊維６０％を使用した以外は、実施例１と同条件にて実施した。評価結果を表１に示す。
[Comparative Example 4]
Example 1 except that 60% stretched polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber having a fiber fineness of 3.3 dtex, a fiber length of 5 mm, a round cross section and a stress of 10% tensile elongation of 4.15 cN / dtex was used as the main fiber. And the same conditions. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
［実施例１０］
カレンダー処理温度を２２０℃、カレンダー処理圧力を１００ｋｇ／ｃｍとした以外は、実施例１と同条件で実施した。
[Example 10]
The test was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the calendering temperature was 220 ° C. and the calendering pressure was 100 kg / cm.
［比較例５］
主体繊維に、繊維繊度０．６ｄｔｅｘ、繊維長５ｍｍ、丸断面で、１０％引張伸長時の応力が２．９２ｃＮ／ｄｔｅｘの延伸ポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）繊維６０％を使用した以外は、実施例１と同条件にて実施した。評価結果を表１に示す。
[Comparative Example 5]
Example 1 except that 60% stretched polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber having a fiber fineness of 0.6 dtex, a fiber length of 5 mm, a round cross section and a stress of 10% tensile elongation of 2.92 cN / dtex was used as the main fiber. And the same conditions. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
本発明によれば、海水淡水化用分離膜や濃度濃縮等用分離膜などの支持体に好適に用いることのできる分離膜用不織布であって、地合い、強度、加工性に優れた分離膜用不織布、および該分離膜用不織布を用いてなる分離膜支持体が提供され、その工業的価値は極めて大である。 According to the present invention, it is a nonwoven fabric for separation membranes that can be suitably used for a support such as a separation membrane for seawater desalination and a concentration membrane for concentration concentration, etc., and for a separation membrane excellent in texture, strength, and workability A non-woven fabric and a separation membrane support using the non-woven fabric for separation membrane are provided, and the industrial value thereof is extremely large.
Claims (9)
（１）前記主体繊維の単繊維横断面形状において、異型度が１．２以上１０．０以下である。ただし、前記異型度は下記式により定義する。
異型度＝（Ａ／Ｂ）
Ａ：繊維断面の外接円の半径の長さ
Ｂ：繊維断面の内接円の半径の長さ
（２）前記主体繊維の単繊維繊度が０．１〜６．６ｄｔｅｘの範囲内である。
（３）不織布の曲げ剛性が０．５０ｇｆ・ｃｍ２／ｃｍ以上である。 A nonwoven fabric for a separation membrane comprising a main fiber and a binder fiber, the main fiber being fixed by the binder fiber, which simultaneously satisfies the following requirements (1) to (3) and is a single unit of the main fiber: A nonwoven fabric for separation membrane, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the fiber is Y-shaped or W-shaped .
(1) In the single fiber cross-sectional shape of the main fiber, the degree of irregularity is 1.2 or more and 10.0 or less. However, the atypical degree is defined by the following formula.
Atypical degree = (A / B)
A: Length of the radius of the circumscribed circle of the fiber cross section B: Length of the radius of the inscribed circle of the fiber cross section (2) The single fiber fineness of the main fiber is in the range of 0.1 to 6.6 dtex.
(3) The bending rigidity of the nonwoven fabric is 0.50 gf · cm 2 / cm or more.
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| JP6612624B2 (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2019-11-27 | 三菱製紙株式会社 | Semipermeable membrane support and filtration membrane for membrane separation activated sludge treatment |
| JP2019118907A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2019-07-22 | 三菱製紙株式会社 | Substrate for semipermeable membrane |
| JP2021107053A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-07-29 | 三菱製紙株式会社 | Semipermeable membrane support for membrane separation active sludge treatment |
| JP2021107052A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-07-29 | 三菱製紙株式会社 | Semipermeable membrane support |
| KR102648803B1 (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2024-03-18 | 도레이첨단소재 주식회사 | Core-sheath type composite fibers for porous supports of water-treatment memebrane, porous supports for water-treatment memebrane including the same, water-treatment memebrane including the same, and filter module including the same |
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| JP3153487B2 (en) * | 1997-02-13 | 2001-04-09 | 三木特種製紙株式会社 | Semipermeable membrane support |
| JPH11347383A (en) * | 1998-06-05 | 1999-12-21 | Daio Paper Corp | Separation membrane support and production thereof |
| JP5291274B2 (en) * | 2000-09-22 | 2013-09-18 | 阿波製紙株式会社 | Semipermeable membrane support and method for producing a semipermeable membrane using the same |
| WO2011049231A1 (en) * | 2009-10-21 | 2011-04-28 | 三菱製紙株式会社 | Semipermeable membrane supporting body, spiral-wound semipermeable membrane element, and method for producing semipermeable membrane supporting body |
| JP2013122102A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2013-06-20 | Teijin Ltd | Wet nonwoven fabric |
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