JP6138887B2 - Retaining plate - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a earth retaining plate used by being attached to a side wall of the water channel constituting the water channel.

  Conventionally, waterways have been used in various lands, but concrete waterways 400 are used in agricultural land, for example, as shown in FIG. 8 (a). As shown in FIG. 8B, the water channel 400 includes a base 410 and a water channel side wall 420, and a plate-shaped water channel side wall 420 is attached to the outer side surface of the substantially U-shaped base 410. Yes. And when forming a water channel, the soil F is dug linearly and the water channel 400 is installed in the part. A side view of the water channel formed in this way is shown in FIG. In FIG. 9A, only one side of the water channel 400 is shown enlarged.

  By the way, when this agricultural land is improved as a residential land or used as a road, embankment is performed on the soil F. In that case, it is necessary to provide earth retaining so that the embankment does not flow to the water channel 400 side. . In this earth retaining, as shown in FIG. 9B, first, the soil F around the water channel 400 is dug, and a concrete flat foundation 510 is installed as a retaining plate. Furthermore, a substantially L-shaped retaining wall 500 made of concrete is installed on the foundation 510. If embankment is performed in that state, the embankment G is dammed up by the retaining wall 500 and does not flow out to the water channel 400 side.

  However, since the retaining wall 500 is made of concrete and has a considerable weight, the work associated with the installation of the retaining wall 500 is forced to use heavy machinery or the like, and the workability is very poor. Further, in order to prevent the heavy retaining wall 500 from sinking into the soil F and to stably install it horizontally, it is necessary to mold the foundation 510 in advance with a mold or the like. It takes time and effort. Furthermore, in order to prevent the retaining wall 500 buried by the earth pressure of the embankment from falling to the water channel 400 side, the retaining wall 500 has to be buried deeply, and accordingly, it takes time to dig up the soil F deeply.

  Accordingly, in view of the above problems, the present invention has an object to provide a retaining plate that is light in weight, can sufficiently withstand earth pressure without being buried deeply, and can be easily implemented.

  The earth retaining plate of the present invention is a earth retaining plate made of a metal plate material that is used by being attached to a water channel side wall that constitutes the water channel, and a locking portion that locks the water channel side wall, and a vertical direction of the water channel side wall. An extending earth retaining side wall part, and a bottom wall part provided on the lower side of the earth retaining side wall part, wherein the locking part is placed on the upper end of the water channel side wall, and from the placing part It is characterized by comprising a first side portion and a second side portion that extend downward and are located on both side surfaces of the water channel side wall.

  According to the above feature, since the earth retaining plate is made of a metallic plate material, the overall weight is very light compared to a conventional L-shaped retaining wall made of concrete. Therefore, when installing the retaining plate on the side wall of the water channel, the installation work can be sufficiently performed by human power without using heavy machinery or the like. In addition to the fact that the earth retaining plate of the present invention is light, the retaining plate is maintained in a stable and horizontal position by the locking portion, so that a conventional foundation is not required and construction work is very easy. . In addition, since the earth retaining plate can sufficiently withstand earth pressure due to the bottom wall portion and the first side portion of the locking portion, the earth retaining plate as compared with the bottom wall portion of the conventional L-shaped retaining wall. It is no longer necessary to embed deeply, making construction work much easier.

  Next, the earth retaining plate of the present invention is characterized in that an adjustment member capable of adjusting the distance from the upper end of the water channel side wall is provided in the mounting portion.

  According to the above feature, even if the upper end of the water channel side wall is not a flat surface due to aging or the like, the installed retaining plate can be adjusted to a horizontally stable state.

  Next, the earth retaining plate of the present invention is characterized in that the mounting portion is provided with a through hole.

  According to the above feature, even if a part of the upper end of the water channel side wall is lost due to deterioration over time or the like and a space is formed between the mounting portion and the upper end of the water channel side wall, Since the reinforcing material can be injected, the earth retaining plate can be installed in a more stable state.

  Next, in the earth retaining plate of the present invention, the width of the mounting portion is wider than the width of the upper end of the water channel side wall, and the water channel side wall is in a state where the locking portion is locked to the water channel side wall. A reinforcing space surrounded by the side surface, the lower surface of the mounting portion, and the second side portion is provided.

  When the wall thickness of the water channel side wall is thin, there is a possibility that the vicinity of the upper end of the water channel side wall locked with the locking part may be damaged by the earth pressure applied to the retaining plate. However, according to the above feature, since the reinforcing material can be injected into the reinforcing space through the through hole of the mounting portion, the strength around the locking portion at the upper end of the water channel side wall can be improved.

As described above, according to the earth retaining plate of the present invention, it is light in weight, can sufficiently withstand earth pressure without being buried deeply, and is easily enforced.

(A) is the perspective view of the front side of the earth retaining plate of this invention, (b) is the perspective view of the back side of the said earth retaining plate. (A) is a side view of the earth retaining plate of the present invention, (b) is a rear view of the earth retaining plate, and (c) is a front view of the earth retaining plate. It is a side view which shows a mode that the earth retaining plate of this invention is attached to the water channel side wall which comprises a water channel, Comprising: Only the one side of a water channel is expanded and shown. The earth retaining plate which concerns on the modification 1 of this invention is shown, (a) is a front perspective view which shows a mode that the said earth retaining plate is attached to a water channel side wall, (b) and (c) are the said earth retaining plates. It is an enlarged side view of the state attached to the water channel side wall. The earth retaining plate which concerns on the modification 2 of this invention is shown, (a) is the perspective view of the front side of the said earth retaining plate, (b) and (c) of the state which attached the said earth retaining plate to the channel side wall It is an enlarged side view. (A) is a perspective view of the back side of the earth retaining plate which concerns on the modification 3 of this invention, (b) is a perspective view of the back side of the earth retaining plate which concerns on the modification 4 of this invention. It is a perspective view of the front side explaining the method of connecting the earth retaining plates of the present invention to each other. It is a perspective view which shows the water channel and water channel side wall which attach the earth retaining plate of this invention. It is a side view which shows a mode that the earth retaining plate (L-shaped retaining wall) concerning a prior art is installed in a water channel side wall, Comprising: Only the one side of a water channel is expanded and shown.

100 Earth retaining plate 110 Locking portion 111 Placement portion 112 First side portion 113 Second side portion 120 Earth retaining side wall portion 130 Bottom wall portion 400 Water channel 420 Water channel side wall 421 Upper end

(Embodiment 1)
Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. In the present specification, the “vertical direction” means a direction substantially perpendicular to the bottom of the water channel.

  First, FIG.1 and FIG.2 shows the earth retaining plate 100 of this invention. The earth retaining plate 100 includes an engaging portion 110 that engages with the water channel side wall, a earth retaining side wall portion 120 that extends in the vertical direction of the water channel side wall, and a bottom wall portion 130 that is provided on the lower side of the earth retaining wall portion 120. The whole is formed by bending and welding a metal plate member.

  The earth retaining side wall 120 is plate-shaped and has a flat surface so that the entire surface can withstand earth pressure of embankment. Moreover, the bottom wall part 130 is plate-shaped and is formed so as to extend at a substantially right angle from the lower side of the retaining wall part 120, and the upper surface of the bottom wall part 130 is a flat surface.

  Furthermore, the locking portion 110 is a flat placement portion 111, a first side portion 112 extending downward from the end side of the placement portion 111 at a substantially right angle, and a part of the lower side of the earth retaining wall portion 120. As shown in FIG. 2A, the second side portion 113 is substantially U-shaped in a side view. The first side portion 112 and the second side portion 113 are parallel to each other, and the distance between them is equal to or greater than the wall thickness of the water channel side wall that the locking portion 110 locks. Moreover, as will be described later, both ends of the first side portion 112 are cut off so as not to interfere with a part of the foundation constituting the water channel. In addition, the notch part of the both ends of this 1st side part 112 is provided arbitrarily, for example, if the kind of base part of a waterway is different and the 1st side part 112 does not interfere with a base part, a notch There is no particular need to provide the portion.

  In addition, the material constituting the earth retaining plate 100 is metallic, can be bent and welded, and can be used as long as the material has sufficient strength to withstand the earth pressure of embankment. For example, high-strength steel may be used. Moreover, the dimension of each member of the retaining plate 100 can be appropriately changed according to the application. In this embodiment, the height H1 of the retaining plate 100 in the vertical direction is about 400 mm (millimeters), and the longitudinal direction of the retaining plate 100 is The width L1 is about 1000 mm (millimeters). Further, the height H2 in the vertical direction from the tip of the earth retaining wall 120 to the placement part 111 is about 300 mm (millimeters), the width L2 of the locking part 110, in other words, the first side part 112 and the second side part 113 The distance is about 50 mm (millimeters).

  Next, with reference to FIG. 3, a method of attaching the retaining plate 100 will be described. First, the soil F adjacent to the water channel 400 is dug in the water channel 400 as shown in FIG. Then, in the state of FIG. 3B in which the soil F is dug back, the retaining plate 110 is installed by engaging the engaging portion 110 of the retaining plate 100 with the water channel side wall 420 of the water channel 400. Specifically, the mounting portion 111 of the locking portion 110 is mounted on the upper end 421 of the water channel side wall 420, and the side surface 422 inside the water channel side wall 420 is engaged with the first side portion 112 of the locking portion 110. The second side portion 113 of the stop portion 110 is installed so as to sandwich the outer side surface 423 of the water channel side wall 420.

  And if installation of the earth retaining plate 100 is completed, the embankment G will be reclaimed from the top of the soil F as shown in FIG. At that time, the embankment G is firmly placed on the bottom wall 130 of the earth retaining plate 100 and is buried until it is flush with the upper end of the earth retaining wall 120.

  Then, the effect of the earth retaining plate 100 of this invention is demonstrated below. Since the earth retaining plate 100 of the present invention is composed of a metallic plate member, the overall weight is very light compared to a conventional L-shaped retaining wall made of concrete. Therefore, when the earth retaining plate 100 is installed on the water channel side wall 420, the installation work can be sufficiently performed by human power without using a heavy machine or the like.

  Conventionally, in order to stably install a heavy L-shaped retaining wall made of concrete horizontally, it is necessary to provide a foundation 510 (see FIG. 9) in advance. However, since the earth retaining plate 100 of the present invention is light, and the posture of the earth retaining plate 100 is stably maintained horizontally by the locking portion 110, the conventional foundation 510 becomes unnecessary, and the construction is very Work becomes easier. Specifically, the mounting portion 111 of the locking portion 110 is a flat surface extending in the horizontal direction, and the upper end 421 of the water channel side wall 420 where the mounting portion 111 is installed is also a flat surface extending in the horizontal direction. Therefore, if the mounting part 111 is mounted on the upper end 421, the earth retaining plate 100 can maintain a stable posture in the horizontal direction. Furthermore, since the 1st side part 112 and the 2nd side part 113 are located in the both sides | surfaces of the water channel side wall 420, the earth retaining plate 100 is hard to slip | deviate, and can maintain the stable attitude | position more firmly.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG.3 (c), since the earth pressure of the embankment G (refer the arrow of FIG.3 (c)) is applied toward the water channel 400 side, the earth retaining plate 100 seems to fall down toward the water channel 400 side. Become. However, in the earth retaining plate 100 of the present invention, since the first side portion 112 of the locking portion 110 abuts on the side surface 422 of the water channel side wall 420, it is possible to prevent the earth retaining plate 100 from falling down (hereinafter, referred to as the following). This action is referred to as “the action of the first side portion 112”). Furthermore, since the weight of the embankment G is applied to the bottom wall portion 130, the earth retaining plate 100 is opposite to the earth pressure (see the arrow in FIG. 3C), that is, opposite to the water channel 400. A force that pushes back is acting (hereinafter, this action is referred to as “the action of the bottom wall portion 130”). Therefore, the two “operation of the first side portion 112” and “operation of the bottom wall portion 130” make it easier for the earth retaining plate 100 to maintain the installed state without losing the earth pressure.

  In addition, since a simple L-shaped retaining wall made of concrete has been used in the past, a large downward force (see the arrow in FIG. 9C) due to the weight of the embankment G is used to prevent it from falling down due to earth pressure. It was necessary to hang on the wall 530. And since it will endure earth pressure only by the function of this bottom wall part 530, in order to enlarge the force from the embankment G concerning the bottom wall part 530, it is necessary to embed the retaining wall 500 deeply. Therefore, the depth D2 for digging up the soil F has to be inevitably increased. On the other hand, in the earth retaining plate 100 of the present invention, as described above, the earth retaining plate 100 can sufficiently withstand earth pressure by the action of the first side portion 112 of the locking part 110 in addition to the action of the bottom wall part 130. Can do. Then, it is not necessary to embed the earth retaining plate 100 deeply as compared with the case where the function of the bottom wall portion 530 alone as in the prior art is performed, and as a result, the depth D1 for digging up the soil F (see FIG. 3B) is The depth is smaller than the conventional depth D2 (see FIG. 9B), and the construction work becomes very easy.

  In addition, the action of the first side portion 112 of the locking portion 110 can more effectively prevent the retaining plate 100 from falling down due to earth pressure, so that the bottom of the conventional concrete L-shaped retaining wall can be prevented. Compared with the wall part 530, the lateral width of the bottom wall part 130 of the present application can be narrowed. Moreover, since the earth retaining wall portion 120 of the earth retaining plate 100 is a metallic plate material, the plate thickness can be made thinner than that of a conventional concrete L-shaped retaining wall, and the land can be effectively utilized by the thinning.

  Furthermore, conventionally, there is a case where a method of connecting the L-shaped retaining wall and the water channel side wall 420 is employed so that the L-shaped retaining wall does not fall down. However, in that case, the connection work increases, the construction becomes complicated, and the strength of the water channel side wall 420 is reduced when a mounting hole for attaching the connector to the water channel side wall 420 itself is processed. Can occur. However, in the earth retaining plate 100 of the present invention, it is possible to perform an extremely simple operation of simply locking the locking portion 110 to the upper end 421 of the water channel side wall 420, and since the water channel side wall 420 itself is not processed, The strength of the water channel side wall 420 is maintained as it is, and the conventional problem can be fundamentally solved.

(Modification 1)
Below, the retaining plate 100A which is the modification 1 of the retaining plate 100 of this invention is demonstrated with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the earth retaining plate 100 </ b> A is different from the earth retaining plate 100 shown in FIG. 1 in that it includes an adjustment member 140 </ b> A and a through-hole 150 </ b> A, but otherwise has the same configuration as the earth retaining plate 100. Therefore, detailed description is omitted.

  First, as shown in FIG. 4A, the upper end of the water channel side wall 420A of the water channel 400A is not a flat surface and may be damaged in some places due to aging. Therefore, even if the earth retaining plate 100 shown in FIG. 1 is directly installed on the water channel side wall 420A, the earth retaining plate 100 may not be installed in a stable posture.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4A, an adjustment member 140A is provided on the mounting portion 111A of the locking portion 110A. The adjusting member 140A is composed of a bolt 141A and a nut 142A, and the bolt 141A can be screwed into the nut 142A. A through hole is formed in the mounting portion 111A, and the nut 142A is welded and fixed onto the mounting portion 111A so that the through hole and the screwing hole of the nut 142A coincide with each other. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4B, with the earth retaining plate 100A installed on the water channel side wall 420A, the bolt 141A is screwed into the screwing hole of the nut 142A from above the mounting portion 111A and is rotated as it is. Then, the front end of the bolt 141A protrudes from the back surface of the mounting portion 111A and can move until it finally comes into contact with the upper end 421A of the water channel side wall 420A. Then, when the installed retaining plate 100A is inclined, the retaining plate 100A can be brought into a horizontal state by adjusting the position of the tip of the bolt 141A in the vertical direction.

  Thus, according to the adjustment member 140A, the distance between the placing portion 111A and the upper end 421A of the water channel side wall 420A can be adjusted, and the installed earth retaining plate even if the upper end 421A of the water channel side wall 420A is not a flat surface. The posture of 100A can be adjusted to a horizontally stable state.

  In addition to the modified example in which the adjustment member 140 is configured by the bolt 141 and the nut 142, an existing member is appropriately used as long as the distance between the placement portion 111A and the upper end 421A of the water channel side wall 420A can be adjusted. it can. However, when the distance is adjusted, if the part to be operated can be operated from the outside of the retaining plate 100A like the bolt 141A, workability is improved.

  Further, since the upper end 421A of the water channel side wall 420A is damaged and a part thereof is missing, a space X1 exists between the placement portion 111A and the upper end 421A of the earth retaining plate 100A. The space X1 is surrounded by the placement portion 111A, the first side portion 112A, the upper end 421A, and the second side portion 113A by installing the earth retaining plate 100A. Therefore, in order to reinforce this space X1, a through hole 150A provided in the placement portion 111A is used. Since this through-hole 150A penetrates from the front surface to the back surface of the mounting portion 111A, as shown in FIG. 4C, from above the mounting portion 111A to the space X1 through the through-hole 150A. The reinforcing material Y can be injected. Then, since the space X1 is filled with the reinforcing material Y, the earth retaining plate 100A is installed in a more stable state.

  Note that the through-hole 150A can be used alone without being used together with the adjusting member 140A. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, when the through-hole 150A and the adjustment member 140A are used in combination, the adjustment member 140A first adjusts the distance between the placement portion 111A and the upper end 421A and adjusts the distance. The workability is improved by injecting the reinforcing material Y from the through hole 150A.

  Any material can be used as the reinforcing material as long as it can maintain the filled state, but non-shrink mortar is preferable. This non-shrinking mortar is in a fluid state at the time of injection and easily fills the space X1, and thereafter solidifies in a non-shrinking state, so that a gap or the like is not easily generated in the space X1. In addition, by providing a plurality of through-holes 150A in the longitudinal direction of the placement portion 111A, it is easy to check whether the reinforcing material is filled in the entire space X1.

(Modification 2)
Below, the earth retaining plate 100B which is the modification 2 of the earth retaining plate 100 of this invention is demonstrated with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the retaining plate 100B has a reinforcing space X2 in a state in which the lateral width L3 of the mounting portion 111B is wider than the lateral width (plate thickness) L4 of the upper end 421A of the water channel side wall 420A, and the retaining plate 100B is installed. 4 and the formation position of the through hole 150B are different from those of the earth retaining plate 100A shown in FIG. 4, but are otherwise the same as those of the earth retaining plate 100A, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  First, since the lateral width L3 of the mounting portion 111B is wider than the lateral width (wall thickness) L4 of the upper end 421A of the water channel side wall 420A, the earth retaining plate 100B is installed on the water channel side wall 420A as shown in FIG. In the state, a reinforcing space X2 is provided. More specifically, the reinforcing space X2 includes the outer side surface 423A of the water channel side wall 420A, the lower surface of the mounting portion 111B, and the second side portion in a state where the locking portion 110B is locked to the water channel side wall 420A. It is a space surrounded by 113B. As a matter of course, the lower part of the reinforcing space X2 is closed with soil F. Further, the through hole 150B provided in the placement portion 111B communicates with the reinforcing space X2.

  Therefore, it is possible to inject the reinforcing material Y into the reinforcing space X2 from above the mounting portion 111B through the through hole 150B. Then, as shown in FIG. Therefore, the earth retaining plate 100B is more stably installed and the overall strength around the installation location is improved.

  In particular, when the wall thickness of the water channel side wall 420A is thin, there is a possibility that the vicinity of the upper end 421A of the water channel side wall 420A locked by the locking part 110B is damaged by the earth pressure applied to the retaining plate 100B. However, according to the invention of the present application, the strength around the locking portion of the upper end 421A can be improved, so that the water channel side wall 420A can be prevented from being damaged even when earth pressure is applied.

  Furthermore, in the past, in order to increase the strength of the water channel side wall 420A, there is a case where a mold is attached around the upper end 421A of the water channel side wall 420A, and a reinforcing material such as mortar is poured to reinforce. However, in that case, in order to pour the reinforcing material, it is necessary to form a formwork or the like, and the work becomes very complicated. However, according to the retaining plate 100B of the present invention, simply by installing the retaining plate 100B on the water channel side wall 420A, the reinforcing space X2 surrounded by the periphery is formed, and the reinforcing material can be poured as it is from the through hole 150B. There is no need to separately assemble a formwork or the like as in the prior art, and the workability is very good.

  The through hole 150B can be used alone without being used in combination with the adjusting member 140B. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5, when the adjustment member 140B is used in combination, the reinforcing member Y is injected from the through hole 150B after adjusting the distance between the placement portion 111B and the upper end 421A by the adjustment member 140B. Since the upper end 421A of the water channel side wall 420A is partially damaged to form a space X1, the injected reinforcing material Y also flows into the space X1 through the reinforcing space X2. Then, since the space X1 is also filled with the reinforcing material Y, the earth retaining plate 100B can maintain the adjusted posture in a more stable state.

(Modification 3)
Below, the earth retaining plate 100C which is the modification 3 of the earth retaining plate 100 of this invention is demonstrated with reference to Fig.6 (a). As shown in FIG. 6A, the earth retaining plate 100C is different from the earth retaining plate 100 shown in FIG. 1 in that the rib retaining plate 100C is provided, but in other points, the construction is the same as the earth retaining plate 100. The detailed explanation is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 6A, the rib 160C is fixed by welding between the retaining wall portion 120C and the bottom wall portion 130C. Then, since the earth retaining side wall 120C is reinforced, it can withstand the earth pressure strongly. The number of ribs 160C and the interval between them can be changed as appropriate according to the assumed earth pressure.

(Modification 4)
Below, the retaining plate 100D which is the modification 4 of the retaining plate 100 of this invention is demonstrated with reference to FIG.6 (b). As shown in FIG. 6 (b), the earth retaining plate 100D is different from the earth retaining plate 100 shown in FIG. 1 in that it includes a bent portion 121D and a drain hole 122D. The detailed description is omitted because of the same configuration as the above.

  As shown in FIG. 6B, a plurality of drain holes 122D are provided in a part of the retaining wall side portion 120D. This drain hole 122D is for discharging the water in the soil of the embankment, and can thereby effectively prevent the embankment from liquefying and sinking. In addition, the upper end portion of the retaining wall side portion 120D is bent in the same direction as the direction in which the bottom wall portion 130D extends to form a bent portion 121D. Then, the earth retaining plate 100D has a substantially U shape in side view, and the overall strength is improved. Further, since the strength is improved by the bent portion 121D, the strength is not insufficient even if the drain hole 122D is provided.

  Below, with reference to FIG. 7, the method to connect the earth retaining plates 100 of this invention with each other is demonstrated. As shown in FIG. 7, a plurality of earth retaining plates 100 are continuously installed in the longitudinal direction of the water channel 400. Then, the retaining wall side portions 120 of the neighboring retaining plates 100 are sandwiched between the flat connecting plates 170, and the contact portions are fixed by welding or the like. Then, the adjacent retaining wall side portions 120 are firmly connected.

  In addition, the object which attaches the earth retaining plate of this invention is not limited only to the water channel side wall shown in FIG.3 and FIG.4, but if it is the side wall of the waterway provided with the part which the earth retaining plate of this invention can latch, what kind of thing It can also be attached to the side walls of waterways. In addition, the earth retaining plate of the present invention is not limited to the above-described examples, and various modifications and combinations are possible within the scope of the claims and the scope of the embodiments. These modifications, Combinations are also included in the scope of their rights.

Claims (2)

A earth retaining plate made of a metal plate that is used by being attached to the side wall of the water channel constituting the water channel,
A locking portion for locking to the water channel side wall;
A retaining wall portion extending in the vertical direction of the water channel sidewall;
A bottom wall portion provided on the lower side of the earth retaining side wall portion,
The locking portion is a mounting portion that is mounted on an upper end of the water channel side wall;
It extends downward from the mounting part, and is composed of a first side part and a second side part located on both side surfaces of the water channel side wall,
The mounting portion is provided with an adjusting member capable of adjusting a distance from the upper end of the water channel side wall,
The mounting portion is provided with a through hole, and the through hole is configured so that the space formed between the upper end of the water channel side wall and the lower surface of the mounting portion can be filled with a reinforcing material by the adjusting member. earth retaining plates, characterized in that is. The width of the mounting portion is wider than the width of the upper end of the water channel side wall,
In a state where the locking portion is locked to the water channel side wall,
The earth retaining plate according to claim 1 , further comprising a reinforcing space surrounded by a side surface of the water channel side wall, a lower surface of the mounting portion, and the second side portion.

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