JP6111125B2 - カソード電極およびそれを用いた電解装置 - Google Patents
カソード電極およびそれを用いた電解装置 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 124
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 78
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 65
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 30
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002601 GaN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910005540 GaP Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium nitride Chemical compound [Ga]#N JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010757 Reduction Activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004577 artificial photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- AXZAYXJCENRGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-J dipotassium;tetrabromoplatinum(2-) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Pt+2] AXZAYXJCENRGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003411 electrode reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- HZXMRANICFIONG-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallium phosphide Chemical compound [Ga]#P HZXMRANICFIONG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004895 liquid chromatography mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001487 potassium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium perchlorate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001488 sodium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Description
本技術分野の背景技術として、非特許文献1には銅電極を用いた二酸化炭素含有水溶液の電解による二酸化炭素からのメタン生成が記載されている。また、非特許文献2には銅単結晶電極による二酸化炭素の還元が記載されている。
CO2(aq) + H2O → HCO3 - + H+ ・・・(3)
HCO3 - → HCO3 2- + H+ ・・・(4)
二酸化炭素の電気化学的還元では、カソード電極、アノード電極間を物理的に何ら区切らずに行うことが可能であるが、両電極間をイオン交換膜などの隔壁で仕切って行うことも可能である。
図1に示すように、内容積1Lの電解槽101の中央をイオン交換膜115で仕切り、その両側にカソード電極103とアノード電極105を配置した。カソード電極103には、厚さ10μm、銅純度99.9重量%であり、200℃にて1時間の再結晶化処理を行った圧延銅箔(タフピッチ銅)を使用した。アノード電極105には、純度99.8重量%、線径0.08mm、80メッシュのプラチナ金網を使用した。カソード電極103の表面積は30cm2、アノード電極105の表面積は20cm2であった。
図2に示すように、内容積は1Lで同じであるが、カソード電極103側に、電解反応中に二酸化炭素を連続的に吹き込むための二酸化炭素供給手段111を設けた電解槽101を用いて、反応中に、0.1L/分で二酸化炭素を吹き込みながら、その他の条件は実施例1と同様に、二酸化炭素の還元を行った。
印加電圧を−1.5V(vs Ag/AgCl)、−1.8V(vs Ag/AgCl)、−2.0V(vs Ag/AgCl)、−2.5V(vs Ag/AgCl)、−3.0V(vs Ag/AgCl)の5つの異なる条件で反応を行ったこと以外は実施例1と同様の条件で、二酸化炭素の還元を行った。
カソード電極103に、圧延処理を一切施していない厚さ0.1mmの銅板を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様の条件で、二酸化炭素の還元を行った。
反応前後の電極表面をSEMにより観察したところ、反応後は、反応前に認められなかった、炭素と考えられる堆積物の付着が認められた。これが電流値の低下の原因であると考えられる。表1に結果を示す。
カソード電極103に、圧延処理を一切施していない厚さ0.1mmの銅板を用いること以外は、実施例1と同様の条件で、二酸化炭素の還元を行った。本比較例では、カソード電極103の銅板には予め窒素雰囲気下200℃で1時間の熱処理を行ったものを使用した。
カソード電極103に、添加元素をドープした圧延銅箔を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様の条件で、二酸化炭素の還元を行った。添加元素としては、銀、ジルコニア、ニッケル、金、プラチナ、亜鉛、錫のそれぞれ1種を用いて、添加元素が0.02重量%ドープされた銅純度99.98重量%の圧延銅箔をカソード電極103とした。
102 電解質水溶液
103 カソード電極
104 参照電極
105 アノード電極
106 ガス採集口
107 電源
108 配線
111 二酸化炭素供給手段
112 ガス取り出し管
Claims (4)
- 二酸化炭素を電気化学的に還元して炭化水素を生成するためのカソード電極であって、
少なくとも電極表面が圧延銅箔からなり、前記圧延銅箔は2種類以上の異なる配向の結晶面を有する多結晶であり、平均結晶粒径が5〜100μmであり、前記圧延銅箔は(100)面に配向した結晶の割合が他の結晶面よりも多いことを特徴とするカソード電極。 - 請求項1に記載のカソード電極において、前記炭化水素がメタンであることを特徴とするカソード電極。
- 二酸化炭素を電気化学的に還元して炭化水素を生成するための電解装置であって、
電解質水溶液を貯留する電解槽と、
前記電解質水溶液と接するように配置されるカソード電極およびアノード電極と、
前記カソード電極およびアノード電極と電気的に接続され、両電極間に電圧を印加する電源と、を少なくとも備え、
前記カソード電極は、少なくとも電極表面が圧延銅箔からなり、前記圧延銅箔は2種類以上の異なる配向の結晶面を有する多結晶であり、平均結晶粒径が5〜100μmであり、前記圧延銅箔は(100)面に配向した結晶の割合が他の結晶面よりも多いことを特徴とする電解装置。 - 請求項3に記載の電解装置において、前記炭化水素がメタンであることを特徴とする電解装置。
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JP7387321B2 (ja) | 2019-07-29 | 2023-11-28 | 株式会社Aescジャパン | 物品保管装置、物品管理方法 |
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JP6795762B2 (ja) * | 2016-12-16 | 2020-12-02 | 富士通株式会社 | 二酸化炭素還元用電極、二酸化炭素還元用電極の製造方法、及び二酸化炭素還元装置 |
KR20180081279A (ko) * | 2017-01-06 | 2018-07-16 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | 역전기투석과 미생물 전기화학 시스템을 이용한 하이브리드형 탄화수소 연료 생산 장치 |
JP6672193B2 (ja) * | 2017-02-02 | 2020-03-25 | 株式会社東芝 | 二酸化炭素の電解セルと電解装置 |
US11339487B2 (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2022-05-24 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Synergistic effects of multi-faceted CU2O nanocrystals for electrochemical CO2 reduction |
WO2020225315A1 (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2020-11-12 | Total Se | Electrocatalysts synthesized under co2 electroreduction and related methods and uses |
JP2024117643A (ja) * | 2023-02-17 | 2024-08-29 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | カソード電極、カソード電極と基材との複合体、カソード電極を備えた電解還元装置及びカソード電極と基材との複合体の製造方法 |
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JPH04311586A (ja) * | 1991-04-09 | 1992-11-04 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 二酸化炭素の電解還元装置 |
JP3655349B2 (ja) * | 1995-04-28 | 2005-06-02 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 炭酸ガス変換装置 |
CN101657568B (zh) * | 2005-10-13 | 2013-05-08 | 曼得拉能源替代有限公司 | 二氧化碳的持续并流电化学还原 |
JP5825504B2 (ja) * | 2010-12-10 | 2015-12-02 | 一般財団法人電力中央研究所 | 表面改質銅部材の製造方法 |
JP2013001983A (ja) * | 2011-06-20 | 2013-01-07 | Jx Nippon Mining & Metals Corp | 圧延銅箔 |
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