JP6093798B2 - Rafter joint structure - Google Patents

Rafter joint structure Download PDF

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JP6093798B2
JP6093798B2 JP2015074052A JP2015074052A JP6093798B2 JP 6093798 B2 JP6093798 B2 JP 6093798B2 JP 2015074052 A JP2015074052 A JP 2015074052A JP 2015074052 A JP2015074052 A JP 2015074052A JP 6093798 B2 JP6093798 B2 JP 6093798B2
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rafter
roof
purlin
joint structure
members
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鈴木　康史
康史 鈴木
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RC Core Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、建築物の屋根における、垂木の継手構造及びこの継手構造を備えた屋根に関する。   The present invention relates to a rafter joint structure and a roof provided with the joint structure in a building roof.

建築現場で使用される木材の長さは、現場への運搬や、屋根を建設する際の、高所への運搬を考え、制限されてしまう。そのため、長い木材を使用したい場合は、複数の木材を繋ぎ合わせて使用する。特に、建築物の中で長い部材が必要な箇所としては、屋根に使用される垂木があげられる。
従来、垂木を構成する構成部材同士は、例えば図５のように、垂木10の傾斜に沿って切り欠かれた横架材としての垂木支持材20の上面で、構成部材30の端部同士を密着するように設置し、構成部材30同士を専用の金物40を用いて連結していた。また、構成部材同士の端部の断面部分にボルト等の金物を埋め込み、連結する特許文献１のような方法も提案されている。 The length of the wood used at the construction site is limited in consideration of transportation to the site and transportation to a high place when constructing a roof. Therefore, if you want to use long timber, connect multiple timbers together. In particular, a rafter used for a roof is an example of a part that requires a long member in a building.
Conventionally, the constituent members constituting the rafter are, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, with the upper surface of the rafter support member 20 as a horizontal member cut out along the inclination of the rafter 10, the ends of the constituent members 30 are connected to each other. It installed so that it might closely_contact | adhere and connected the structural members 30 using the metal fitting 40 for exclusive use. In addition, a method as disclosed in Patent Document 1 in which a hardware such as a bolt is embedded in a cross-sectional portion of an end portion between constituent members and connected is proposed.

特開２００７−７１３３９号公報JP 2007-71339 A

前述のように、構成部材の連結方法としては、金具を用いることが一般的であったが、金具で連結しなければ、垂木支持材の上に設置をすることが出来ず、高所で構成部材を押さえながら、金具で連結するという作業が必要であった。そのため、熟練工が行う上でも困難を要していた。また、上述のように位置決めがされた構成部材に金具を連結させることでしか構成部材の位置決めができないため、棟木側からしか構成部材を設置できず、施工現場において柔軟な対応ができなかった。
そこで、前記問題を鑑みて、施工現場において、垂木を構成する構成部材を容易に設置することができるような、構成部材同士を繋ぐ継手構造の提供を課題とする。 As mentioned above, it was common to use metal fittings as a method of connecting the components, but if they were not connected with metal fittings, they could not be installed on the rafter support material, and were configured at high places. The work of connecting with metal fittings while pressing the members was necessary. Therefore, it was difficult for skilled workers to perform. Moreover, since a structural member can be positioned only by connecting a metal fitting to the structural member positioned as described above, the structural member can be installed only from the purlin side, and a flexible response cannot be made at the construction site.
Then, in view of the said problem, it is a subject to provide the joint structure which connects structural members which can install the structural member which comprises a rafter easily in a construction site.

（第１の発明）
本発明における第１の発明は、屋根の構造材であり、かつ複数の構成部材30からなる垂木10の当該構成部材30同士を繋ぐ継手構造であって、
前記垂木10は、水平かつ外壁の中心線のうち少なくとも一つに対して平行に設けられた垂木支持材20に支持されており、
前記各構成部材30の端部同士は、前記垂木支持材20のうち少なくとも一つの上面で継ぎ目を該垂木支持材20の上面に対して垂直に接合されており、
前記各構成部材30のうち、上端で前記垂木支持材20に接する部位の下側は三角形に切り欠かれ、
前記各構成部材30のうち、下端で前記垂木支持材20に接する部位の下側は水平に切り欠かれているとともに、
前記各構成部材30の前記上端で前記三角形に切り欠かれている部分の水平部分と、前記各構成部材30の前記下端で前記水平に切り欠かれている部分とを合わせた長さは、前記垂木支持材20の幅よりも短いことを特徴とする。 (First invention)
1st invention in this invention is the joint structure which connects the said structural member 30 of the rafter 10 which is a structural material of a roof, and consists of several structural member 30,
The rafter 10 is supported by a rafter support member 20 provided in parallel to at least one of the horizontal and outer wall centerlines,
The ends of each of the component members 30 are joined perpendicularly to the upper surface of the rafter support member 20 at the upper surface of at least one of the rafter support members 20,
Of each of the component members 30, the lower side of the portion in contact with the rafter support material 20 at the upper end is cut out into a triangle,
Of each of the component members 30, the lower side of the portion that contacts the rafter support member 20 at the lower end is horizontally cut out ,
The combined length of the horizontal part of the part cut out in the triangle at the upper end of each component 30 and the part cut out horizontally at the lower end of each component 30 is It is characterized by being shorter than the width of the rafter support material 20 .

ここで、外壁の中心線とは、壁面の上辺と平行な線であって、外壁の中心を通る線とする。
また、本発明における垂木支持材20としては、棟木23や母屋22、軒桁23等の桁材だけでなく、垂木10を支持するのであれば、壁パネル、ログ壁、コンクリート壁等も用いることができる。
構成部材30のうち、両端が構成部材30と繋がれるものは、上端で前記垂木支持材20に接する部位の下側に三角形に切り欠かれ三角切欠12が設けられている。また、下端で垂木支持材20に接する部位の下側には、垂木支持材20の上面に対して水平に切り欠かれた水平切欠11が設けられている。そのため、この構成部材30を垂木支持材20の上に載設すると、少なくとも該構成部材30の両端が垂木支持材20に支持されることとなる。よって、金具等を使わずとも構成部材30を垂木支持材20の上に載設することができる。
また、構成部材のうち、垂木10の下端に位置するものは、上端部分であって前記垂木支持材20に接する部位の下側は、三角形に切り欠かれ三角切欠12が設けられている。このとき、下方端部の下側を屋根1の下端に位置する垂木支持材20である軒桁、ログ壁の上端部分、又は庇桁等で支えるようにすることで、この構成部材30も金具を使わずに垂木支持材20の上に載設することができる。 Here, the center line of the outer wall is a line parallel to the upper side of the wall surface and passes through the center of the outer wall.
In addition, as the rafter support material 20 in the present invention, not only girders such as purlin 23, purlin 22, and eaves girder 23, but also wall panels, log walls, concrete walls, etc. may be used if rafter 10 is supported. Can do.
Among the constituent members 30, those whose both ends are connected to the constituent members 30 are notched in a triangular shape and provided with a triangular notch 12 on the lower side of the portion in contact with the rafter support member 20 at the upper end. Further, a horizontal notch 11 that is notched horizontally with respect to the upper surface of the rafter support member 20 is provided below the portion that contacts the rafter support member 20 at the lower end. Therefore, when the constituent member 30 is placed on the rafter support member 20, at least both ends of the constituent member 30 are supported by the rafter support member 20. Therefore, the constituent member 30 can be mounted on the rafter support member 20 without using a metal fitting or the like.
Further, among the constituent members, the one positioned at the lower end of the rafter 10 is the upper end portion, and the lower side of the portion in contact with the rafter support member 20 is cut into a triangle and a triangular notch 12 is provided. At this time, by supporting the lower side of the lower end portion with an eave girder, which is a rafter support material 20 located at the lower end of the roof 1, an upper end portion of a log wall, or a cross girder, the component member 30 is also a metal fitting. It can be mounted on the rafter support material 20 without using.

上述のように、構成部材30には垂木支持材20に載設するように切欠が設けられているため、金具を使わずとも、垂木支持材20の上に載設することができるため、垂木支持材20及び構成部材30だけで位置が決まる。
なお、垂木10の構成部材30は、必ずしも隣り合う垂木支持材20に掛け渡される必要はなく、構成部材30の長さや垂木支持材20の隣り合う間隔等によっては、構成部材30の端部だけでなく、構成部材30の側面も垂木支持材20の上に載設してもよい。また、垂木支持材20が複数ある場合にあっては、そのうちの少なくとも一つの上でこのような継手構造を有していれば良く、もちろん、全ての垂木支持材20の上でこのような継手構造を有していてもよい。
なお、前記三角切欠12の角度や辺の長さは、屋根1の勾配や垂木支持材20の大きさ等によって異なる。 As described above, since the component member 30 is provided with a cutout so as to be placed on the rafter support member 20, it can be placed on the rafter support member 20 without using a metal fitting. The position is determined only by the support member 20 and the component member 30.
Note that the component member 30 of the rafter 10 does not necessarily have to be stretched over the adjacent rafter support member 20, and only the end of the component member 30 depends on the length of the component member 30, the interval between adjacent rafter support members 20, and the like. Instead, the side surface of the component member 30 may also be placed on the rafter support material 20. Further, when there are a plurality of rafter support members 20, it is sufficient that such a joint structure is provided on at least one of them, and of course, such a joint is provided on all rafter support members 20. You may have a structure.
Note that the angle and side length of the triangular notch 12 vary depending on the slope of the roof 1 and the size of the rafter support 20.

（第２の発明）
本発明における第２の発明は、第１の発明にかかる継手構造を備えた屋根1である。
前述のように、第１の発明にかかる継手構造を備えた屋根1においては、屋根1を作る際に、構成部材30を独立して垂木支持材20の上に設けることができるため、垂木10を設置する作業をどこからでも出来ることができる。また、短い構成部材30であっても使用することができるため、建材費を安くすることができる。そのため、コストを抑えた屋根1を提供することができる。 ( Second invention)
2nd invention in this invention is the roof 1 provided with the joint structure concerning 1st invention.
As described above, in the roof 1 having the joint structure according to the first invention, the component 30 can be independently provided on the rafter support material 20 when the roof 1 is made. You can work from anywhere. Moreover, since even the short structural member 30 can be used, the construction material cost can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to provide the roof 1 with reduced costs.

上述のように、垂木の構成部材を独立して垂木支持材の上に設けることができるため、垂木を設置する作業を外壁側、棟木側又は中間部からとどこからでもでき、施工現場での対応性が高まった。
また、垂木の構成部材は、少なくとも、隣り合う垂木支持材にかけることができる長さがあれば良いため、構成部材の長さを短くすることができる。これによって、高所での作業性が向上し、工期を短くすることができる。また、木材を無駄なく使用することもできる。 As mentioned above, the rafter components can be provided independently on the rafter support material, so the work to install the rafters can be done from anywhere on the outer wall side, purlin side or intermediate part, and it can be handled at the construction site. Increased.
Moreover, since the rafter structural member should just have the length which can be applied to an adjacent rafter support material at least, the length of a structural member can be shortened. As a result, workability at a high place can be improved and the construction period can be shortened. In addition, Ru can also be used without waste wood.

本実施形態における屋根の垂木支持材と垂木との概略断面図。The schematic sectional drawing of the rafter support material and rafter of the roof in this embodiment. 本実施形態における垂木の概略断面図（Ａ）、領域Ｘの拡大断面図（Ｂ）及び領域Ｙの拡大断面図（Ｃ）。The schematic sectional drawing (A) of the rafter in this embodiment, the expanded sectional view (B) of the area | region X, and the expanded sectional view (C) of the area | region Y. 本実施形態における屋根の概略側面図。The schematic side view of the roof in this embodiment. 本発明におけるその他の実施形態における屋根の概略側面図（Ａ）The schematic side view (A) of the roof in other embodiment in this invention 従来の構成部材の継手構造の概略側面図。The schematic side view of the joint structure of the conventional structural member.

本発明の実施の形態における垂木10の継手構造は、図示しない建物において、図１に示す屋根1に適用され得るものである。屋根1は、屋根1の最上辺に位置する棟木21の片側は傾斜が一定の均勾配屋根2となっており、その反対側は折れ屋根3となっている。なお、折れ屋根3を有しない単なる切妻屋根、片流れ屋根等の屋根に対しても、本発明に係る継手構造によって構成部材30同士が繋がれた垂木10を用いることができる。
屋根1には、最上辺に棟木21が設けられており、当該棟木21に対して平行に垂木10を支持する垂木支持材20が設けられている。また、屋根1の勾配に沿って、かつ棟木21及び垂木支持材20と直行するように垂木10が複数本架け渡されている。 The joint structure of the rafter 10 in the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the roof 1 shown in FIG. 1 in a building not shown. The roof 1 has a uniform slope roof 2 with a constant slope on one side of the purlin 21 located on the uppermost side of the roof 1 and a folded roof 3 on the opposite side. Note that the rafter 10 in which the constituent members 30 are connected to each other by the joint structure according to the present invention can be used for a roof such as a simple gable roof or a single-flow roof that does not have the folded roof 3.
The roof 1 is provided with a purlin 21 on the uppermost side, and a rafter support 20 that supports the rafter 10 in parallel with the purlin 21. A plurality of rafters 10 are bridged along the slope of the roof 1 so as to be orthogonal to the purlin 21 and the rafter support material 20.

垂木支持材20は複数設けられており、均勾配屋根2及び折れ屋根3の下端に位置する垂木支持材20が軒桁23である。また、軒桁23と棟木21との間に、これらと平行にすなわち水平に設けられている１本の垂木支持材20が、母屋22である。なお、母屋22の本数は、これに限定されるものではなく、２本以上設けてもよいものである。
ここで、垂木10は棟木21から軒桁23にかけて架け渡されており、この垂木10は同じ幅の矩形断面形状をした複数の構成部材30を連設させて構成されている。 A plurality of rafter support members 20 are provided, and the rafter support member 20 located at the lower ends of the gradient roof 2 and the folded roof 3 is an eaves girder 23. Further, a rafter support member 20 provided between the eaves girder 23 and the purlin 21 in parallel, that is, horizontally, is the purlin 22. The number of purlins 22 is not limited to this, and two or more purlins may be provided.
Here, the rafter 10 is spanned from the purlin 21 to the eaves girder 23, and this rafter 10 is configured by connecting a plurality of constituent members 30 having a rectangular cross-sectional shape of the same width.

（均勾配屋根2）
図１に示すように、均勾配屋根2は、一定の勾配を有した屋根である。均勾配屋根2の勾配は「１０／１０」である。ここで、均勾配屋根2を形成する垂木10の構成部材30のうち、上端が棟木21に載設する部材を上部垂木31とし、同じく均勾配屋根2を形成し、上端が母屋22に載設する部材を下部垂木32とする。 (Equal slope roof 2)
As shown in FIG. 1, the uniform roof 2 is a roof having a certain slope. The slope of the uniform slope roof 2 is “10/10”. Here, among the constituent members 30 of the rafter 10 forming the uniform slope roof 2, the member whose upper end is placed on the purlin 21 is the upper rafter 31, and similarly, the uniform roof 2 is formed and the upper end is placed on the purlin 22 The member to be used is a lower rafter 32.

（折れ屋根3）
図１に示すように、折れ屋根3は、屋根面の勾配が途中で変化している形状をしており、上方の急勾配屋根部3aと、急勾配屋根部3aの下方に連設され、急勾配屋根部3aとは屋根勾配が異なる緩勾配屋根部3bとからなる。本実施の形態において、急勾配屋根部3aの勾配は「１０／１０」であって、緩勾配屋根部3bの勾配は「２．５／１０」である。
ここで、折れ屋根3を形成する垂木10の構成部材30のうち、上端が棟木21に載設する部材を折れ屋根上部垂木33とし、上端が母屋22に載設する部材を折れ屋根下部垂木34とする。また、折れ屋根の下端に位置する軒桁23を折れ屋根軒桁24とする。また、折れ屋根上部垂木33は急勾配屋根部3aを形成し、折れ屋根下部垂木34は緩勾配屋根部3bを形成する。 (Folded roof 3)
As shown in FIG. 1, the folded roof 3 has a shape in which the slope of the roof surface changes in the middle, and is connected to the upper steep roof portion 3 a and the lower portion of the steep roof portion 3 a, The steep roof portion 3a is composed of a gentle slope roof portion 3b having a different roof gradient. In the present embodiment, the gradient of the steep roof portion 3a is “10/10”, and the gradient of the gentle gradient roof portion 3b is “2.5 / 10”.
Here, among the constituent members 30 of the rafter 10 forming the folded roof 3, a member whose upper end is placed on the purlin 21 is a folded roof upper rafter 33, and a member whose upper end is placed on the purlin 22 is a folded roof lower rafter 34. And Also, the eaves girder 23 located at the lower end of the folded roof is defined as a folded eaves girder 24. The folded roof upper rafter 33 forms a steep roof portion 3a, and the folded roof lower rafter 34 forms a gentle gradient roof portion 3b.

（上部垂木31及び折れ屋根上部垂木33）
図１に示すように、上部垂木31及び折れ屋根上部垂木33は棟木21を挟んで対向するように棟木21の上面に載設されている。また、図示しないものの、一組の上部垂木31及び折れ屋根垂木は棟木21の長手方向に沿って複数本載設されている。対向するように棟木21の上面に載設された上部垂木31及び折れ屋根上部垂木33の両端は棟木21及び母屋22の上面に対して垂直になるように切断されており、各端部と隣接する別の構成部材30の端部と滑り刃継ぎされている。このとき、上部垂木31及び折れ屋根上部垂木33は両端が棟木21及び母屋22の通り芯60と一致するように設置されている。また、屋根の傾斜が「１０／１０」となるように載設されている。 (Upper rafter 31 and folded roof upper rafter 33)
As shown in FIG. 1, the upper rafter 31 and the folded roof upper rafter 33 are mounted on the upper surface of the purlin 21 so as to face each other with the purlin 21 interposed therebetween. Although not shown, a plurality of sets of upper rafters 31 and broken roof rafters are mounted along the longitudinal direction of purlin 21. Both ends of the upper rafter 31 and the folded roof upper rafter 33 mounted on the upper surface of the purlin 21 so as to face each other are cut so as to be perpendicular to the upper surface of the purlin 21 and the purlin 22 and adjacent to each end. A sliding blade is joined to the end of another component 30 to be connected. At this time, the upper rafter 31 and the folded roof upper rafter 33 are installed so that both ends thereof coincide with the core 60 of the purlin 21 and the purlin 22. Moreover, it mounts so that the inclination of a roof may be "10/10".

上部垂木31の上方端部の底面には、図２（Ａ）に示すように、棟木21と係合するように三角形に切り欠かれた三角切欠12が設けられている。また、折れ屋根上部垂木33の上方端部の底面にも、同様に三角切欠12が設けられている。
上部垂木31の下方端部の底面には、図２（Ａ）及び（Ｂ）に示すように、母屋22の上面に対して水平に切り欠かれた水平切欠11が設けられている。また、折れ屋根上部垂木33の下方端部の底面にも、母屋22の上面に対して水平に切り欠かれた水平切欠11が設けられている。 On the bottom surface of the upper end of the upper rafter 31, as shown in FIG. 2A, a triangular cutout 12 cut into a triangular shape so as to engage with the purlin 21 is provided. Similarly, a triangular notch 12 is also provided on the bottom surface of the upper end of the folded roof upper rafter 33.
As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, a horizontal notch 11 that is notched horizontally with respect to the upper surface of the purlin 22 is provided on the bottom surface of the lower end portion of the upper rafter 31. Further, a horizontal notch 11 that is notched horizontally with respect to the upper surface of the main building 22 is also provided on the bottom surface of the lower end portion of the folded roof upper rafter 33.

（下部垂木32）
図１に示すように、下部垂木32は、上部垂木31と断面形状が等しい部材であって、上部垂木31の下方端部に連設され、軒桁23の上面に下部垂木32の下方端部付近が載設されており、下方端部付近が軒桁23の上面に載設されている。下部垂木32の上方端部は母屋22の上面に対して垂直に切断されており、上部垂木31の下方端部と滑り刃継ぎされている。このとき、下部垂木32の上方端部が母屋22の通り芯60と一致するように設置されている。また、下部垂木32の上端側の端面の形状は、上部垂木10の下端側の端面の形状と一致する。 (Lower rafter 32)
As shown in FIG. 1, the lower rafter 32 is a member having the same cross-sectional shape as the upper rafter 31 and is connected to the lower end portion of the upper rafter 31, and the lower end portion of the lower rafter 32 on the upper surface of the eaves girder 23. The vicinity is placed, and the vicinity of the lower end is placed on the upper surface of the eaves girder 23. The upper end of the lower rafter 32 is cut perpendicularly to the upper surface of the purlin 22 and is joined to the lower end of the upper rafter 31 by a sliding blade. At this time, the upper end of the lower rafter 32 is installed so as to coincide with the core 60 of the purlin 22. The shape of the end surface on the upper end side of the lower rafter 32 matches the shape of the end surface on the lower end side of the upper rafter 10.

下部垂木32の上方端部の底面には、図２（Ａ）及び（Ｂ）に示すように、母屋22と係合するように三角形に切り欠かれた三角切欠12が設けられている。ここで、下部垂木32に設けられた、三角切欠12の水平部分は、上部垂木31の水平切欠11の位置と一致するような位置で切り欠かれている。
下部垂木32の下方端部付近は、図２（Ｃ）に示すように、軒桁23の上面の角と係合するような、開き角度９０度の切欠が設けられており、この切欠部分と軒桁23の上部とが一致するように下部垂木32は軒桁23の上に載置されている。 On the bottom surface of the upper end portion of the lower rafter 32, as shown in FIGS. 2 (A) and 2 (B), a triangular notch 12 cut into a triangle so as to engage with the purlin 22 is provided. Here, the horizontal portion of the triangular notch 12 provided in the lower rafter 32 is cut out at a position that coincides with the position of the horizontal notch 11 of the upper rafter 31.
As shown in FIG. 2C, the lower rafter 32 is provided with a notch with an opening angle of 90 degrees so as to engage with the corner of the upper surface of the eaves girder 23. The lower rafter 32 is placed on the eaves girder 23 so that the upper part of the eaves girder 23 coincides.

（折れ屋根下部垂木34）
図１に示すように、折れ屋根下部垂木34は、折れ屋根上部垂木33の下方端部に連設され、母屋22の上面に折れ屋根下部垂木34の上方端部が載設されており、下方端部付近が折れ屋根軒桁24の上面に載設されている。折れ屋根下部垂木34の上方端部は母屋22の上面に対して垂直に切断されており、折れ屋根上部垂木33の下方端部と滑り刃継ぎされている。このとき、折れ屋根下部垂木34の上方端部が母屋22の通り芯60と一致するように設置されている。 (Folded roof lower rafter 34)
As shown in FIG. 1, the folded roof lower rafter 34 is connected to the lower end of the folded roof upper rafter 33, and the upper end of the folded roof lower rafter 34 is mounted on the upper surface of the main building 22. The edge is folded and placed on the upper surface of the roof eaves girder 24. The upper end of the folded roof lower rafter 34 is cut perpendicularly to the upper surface of the main building 22 and is joined to the lower end of the folded roof upper rafter 33 by a sliding blade. At this time, the folded roof lower rafter 34 is installed so that the upper end thereof coincides with the core 60 of the main building 22.

折れ屋根下部垂木34の上方端部の底面には、母屋22と係合するように三角形に切り欠かれた三角切欠12が前述の下部垂木32と同様に設けられている。ここで、折れ屋根下部垂木33に設けられた、三角切欠12の水平部分は、折れ屋根上部垂木33の水平切欠11の位置と一致するような位置で切り欠かれている。また、屋根の傾斜が「２．５／１０」となるように載設されている。
折れ屋根下部垂木34の下方端部付近には、前述の下部垂木34の下端付近に設けられた切欠と同様、開き角度９０の切欠が設けられており、この切欠部分と折れ屋根軒桁24の上部とが一致するように下部垂木32は折れ屋根軒桁24の上に載置されている。 On the bottom surface of the upper end of the folded roof lower rafter 34, a triangular notch 12 cut into a triangle so as to engage with the main building 22 is provided in the same manner as the lower rafter 32 described above. Here, the horizontal portion of the triangular notch 12 provided in the folded roof lower rafter 33 is notched at a position that coincides with the position of the horizontal notch 11 of the folded roof upper rafter 33. Moreover, it mounts so that the inclination of a roof may be "2.5 / 10".
Similar to the notch provided near the lower end of the lower rafter 34, a notch with an opening angle of 90 is provided near the lower end of the lower roof rafter 34. The lower rafter 32 is placed on the folded roof eaves 24 so that the upper part coincides.

（固定）
上述のように設けられた各構成部材30と各垂木支持材20とは、図３に示すように、部材同士が動かないように、それぞれ固定されている。具体的には、構成部材30と構成部材30とを挟むように２枚の平板（以後、転び止め50とする）を垂木支持材20の上面に設置し、転び止め50の上面と構成部材30とが金具40によって留めつけられている。
（仕上げ）
以上のように構成部材30同士を固定することで構成された垂木10の上には、図示しない野地板が設けられ、複数の垂木10に跨がるように配置される。この野地板上に、図示しない防水シートや、屋根表面材が設けられ、屋根1が形成される。 (Fixed)
As shown in FIG. 3, each component member 30 and each rafter support member 20 provided as described above are fixed so that the members do not move. Specifically, two flat plates (hereinafter, referred to as anti-rolling 50) are installed on the upper surface of the rafter support material 20 so as to sandwich the structural member 30 and the structural member 30, and the upper surface of the anti-lock 50 and the structural member 30 Are fastened by metal fittings 40.
(Finishing)
On the rafter 10 configured by fixing the constituent members 30 to each other as described above, a field board (not shown) is provided and arranged so as to straddle the plurality of rafters 10. On the base plate, a waterproof sheet (not shown) and a roof surface material are provided, and the roof 1 is formed.

（その他の実施形態）
本実施の形態においては、均勾配屋根2及び折れ屋根3を構成する垂木10はそれぞれ３本の垂木支持材20に架け渡されている。また、垂木10の構成部材30は２つとし、一つの構成部材30に２か所の切り込みを設けることとした。しかし、これに限ったものではなく、母屋22の本数、構成部材30の数及び構成部材30に設ける切り込みの数を変えることができる。
例えば、図４に示すように、垂木支持材20を４本、垂木10の構成部材30を３つとしてもよい。この場合、上部垂木31と下部垂木32との間に挟まれる形で中間部垂木35が設けられる。 (Other embodiments)
In the present embodiment, the rafters 10 constituting the uniform slope roof 2 and the folded roof 3 are respectively spanned by three rafter support members 20. In addition, the rafter 10 has two constituent members 30, and one constituent member 30 is provided with two cuts. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the number of purlins 22, the number of component members 30, and the number of cuts provided in the component members 30 can be changed.
For example, as shown in FIG. 4, four rafter support members 20 and three constituent members 30 of the rafter 10 may be provided. In this case, the intermediate rafter 35 is provided so as to be sandwiched between the upper rafter 31 and the lower rafter 32.

この中間部垂木35には両端及び中間部分の合計３カ所に垂木支持材20である母屋22に引っかかるようにして切欠が設けられている。具体的には、上端に三角切欠、下端に水平切欠、そして、中間部分には、垂木支持材20の上面の角と係合するような開き角度９０度の切欠が設けられている。
つまり、構成部材30の長さによっては構成部材30の端部だけでなく、中間部分にも、垂木支持材20を設けてもよい。この場合、垂木支持材20の端部に係合するように構成部材30に切欠を設けてもよいが、垂木支持材20の端部に構成部材30の傾斜に沿った切欠を設けてもよい。 This intermediate rafter 35 is provided with cutouts so as to be hooked to the purlin 22 which is the rafter support material 20 at a total of three locations, both ends and the intermediate portion. Specifically, a triangular cutout is provided at the upper end, a horizontal cutout is provided at the lower end, and a cutout with an opening angle of 90 degrees is provided in the middle portion so as to engage with a corner on the upper surface of the rafter support member 20.
That is, depending on the length of the component member 30, the rafter support material 20 may be provided not only at the end of the component member 30, but also at the intermediate portion. In this case, the constituent member 30 may be provided with a notch so as to engage with the end portion of the rafter support member 20, but the end portion of the rafter support member 20 may be provided with a notch along the inclination of the constituent member 30. .

なお、図示しないが、何れの形態においても、軒桁23に相当する垂木支持材20の存在しない壁式枠組工法又は丸太組工法においては、壁パネル又はログ壁の上面部が軒桁23に相当する垂木支持材20である。また、外壁から更に外側に屋根を大きく延長し庇とし、該庇を支持するための庇桁を設置する場合には、該庇桁が垂木支持材20に相当することになる。   Although not shown, in any form, in the wall-type frame construction method or the log construction method without the rafter support material 20 corresponding to the eaves girder 23, the upper surface portion of the wall panel or log wall corresponds to the eaves girder 23. The rafter support material 20 is used. In addition, when the roof is greatly extended from the outer wall to the outside and is used as a eave, and the eaves girder for supporting the eave is installed, the eaves girder corresponds to the rafter support material 20.

1 屋根 2 折れ屋根
2a 急勾配屋根部 2b 緩勾配屋根部
3 均勾配屋根
10 垂木 11 水平切欠
12 三角切欠 20 垂木支持材
21 棟木 22 母屋
23 軒桁 24 折れ屋根軒桁
30 構成部材 31 上部垂木
32 下部垂木 33 折れ屋根上部垂木
34 折れ屋根下部垂木 35 中間部垂木
40 金具 50 転び止め
60 通り芯 1 roof 2 broken roof
2a Steep roof 2b Slope
3 Graded roof
10 Rafter 11 Horizontal cutout
12 Triangular notch 20 Rafter support
21 Purlin 22 Purlin
23 girder 24 broken roof eaves
30 Components 31 Upper rafter
32 Lower rafter 33 Folded roof upper rafter
34 Folded roof lower rafter 35 Middle rafter
40 metal fitting 50
60 core

Claims (2)

屋根の構造材であり、かつ複数の構成部材からなる垂木の該構成部材同士を繋ぐ継手構造であって、
前記垂木は、水平かつ外壁の中心線のうち少なくとも一つに対して平行に設けられた垂木支持材に支持されており、
前記各構成部材の端部同士は、前記垂木支持材のうち少なくとも一つの上面で継ぎ目を該垂木支持材の上面に対して垂直に接合されており、
前記各構成部材のうち、上端で前記垂木支持材に接する部位の下側は三角形に切り欠かれ、
前記各構成部材のうち、下端で前記垂木支持材に接する部位の下側は水平に切り欠かれているとともに、
前記各構成部材の前記上端で前記三角形に切り欠かれている部分の水平部分と、前記各構成部材の前記下端で前記水平に切り欠かれている部分とを合わせた長さは、前記垂木支持材の幅よりも短いことを特徴とする継手構造。 It is a structural structure of the roof, and a joint structure that connects the structural members of the rafters composed of a plurality of structural members,
The rafter is supported by a rafter support provided horizontally and parallel to at least one of the center lines of the outer wall,
The ends of the constituent members are joined to each other at a top surface of at least one of the rafter supports in a direction perpendicular to the top surface of the rafter support.
Of each of the constituent members, the lower side of the portion in contact with the rafter support material at the upper end is cut into a triangle,
Of each component, the lower side of the portion that contacts the rafter support at the lower end is horizontally cut out ,
The length of the horizontal part of the part cut out in the triangle at the upper end of each component and the length of the part cut out horizontally at the lower end of each component is the rafter support A joint structure characterized by being shorter than the width of the material . 請求項１記載の継手構造を備えた屋根。 Roof having a joint structure according to claim 1 Symbol placement.
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