JP7218665B2 - Roof structure and roof structure construction method - Google Patents

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a roof structure using roof panels that form a roof slope, and a construction method thereof.

Conventionally, when forming a sloped roof, there are cases where a roof panel is used in which a plate material that serves as a base for a roof finishing material is fixed to rafters that are installed on a horizontal base material such as a purlin (for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2). These roof panels are transported to the construction site in a state where the rafters and the plate material to be placed and fixed on them are pre-integrated at the factory, so each member is lifted to the height of the roof and installed individually. workability can be improved.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-46737 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-286394

By the way, in a wooden roof structure, the joint strength between the purlin material and the rafters and the joint strength between the rafters and the sheathing board may be combined to ensure the strength (horizontal strength) of the entire roof structural surface. However, in the roof panels described in Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2, since the adjacent roof panels are arranged on the horizontal base material with the joints aligned in both the horizontal direction and the roof slope direction, the joints of the roof panels The position is a structural weakness, and it is highly likely that the horizontal strength of the entire roof cannot be secured without installing reinforcements such as horizontal braces. Although it is possible to arrange the joint positions of the roof panels in a zigzag arrangement, this complicates the layout of the roof panels, which poses a problem of requiring a lot of work.

On the other hand, when forming a long sloped roof such as a roof with a large gap between beams or a shed roof, wooden rafters that slope along the roof slope may be joined together. Since it is not possible to form a smooth roof surface without joining with high accuracy, high-precision construction is required. However, it is extremely difficult to accurately join long slanted rafters together, and since the construction accuracy largely depends on the skill of the builder, there have been differences in construction quality between construction sites.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a roof structure that can be easily constructed while maintaining the necessary structural strength of the roof, and a construction method thereof. and

A first roof structure of the present invention includes a plurality of horizontal base materials arranged in parallel with each other and extending in an eaves girder direction, a first sheathing board, and a lower surface of the first sheathing board spaced apart from each other. a plurality of first rafters fixed parallel to each other and protruding from at least one edge of said first sheathing board; A fixed roof panel, wherein a projection length of a first projecting portion projecting from an edge of the first sheathing board of the first rafter is equal to or greater than the distance between the adjacent horizontal base members. , wherein the roof panel is fixed to the horizontal substrate with the first projecting portion directed toward the water side.

A second roof structure of the present invention includes: a second sheathing board having one edge facing one edge of the first sheathing board; and a lower surface of the second sheathing board spaced apart from each other. a receiving roof panel having a plurality of second rafters fixed parallel to each other and having at least one end positioned at one edge of said second sheathing board, said receiving roof panel being connected to one end of said second rafters; is fixed to the horizontal base material by arranging the portions between the adjacent first projecting portions.

A third roof structure of the present invention includes: a third sheathing board having one edge facing the other edge of the second sheathing board; and a lower surface of the third sheathing board spaced apart from each other. a second roof panel having a plurality of third rafters fixed parallel to each other and having one end projecting from one edge of said third sheathing board, said second roof panel being connected to said third A second projecting part of the rafter projecting from the edge of the third sheathing board is fixed to the horizontal base member on the most water side with the second projecting part facing the water side, and the receiving roof panel is provided in addition to the second rafter. It is characterized in that the ends are arranged between the adjacent second protrusions and fixed to the horizontal base member.

A first roof structure construction method of the present invention is a roof structure construction method using a third roof structure , wherein the roof panel is installed with the first projecting portion of the first rafter facing the water side. It is fixed to the horizontal base material, one edge of the second sheathing board is abutted against one edge of the first sheathing board, and one end of the second rafter is placed between the first protrusions. , the receiving roof panel is fixed to the horizontal base material, and the second sheathing board is fixed to the first projecting portion.

In the second roof structure construction method of the present invention, after the second roof panel is fixed to the horizontal substrate most above the water with the second projecting portion of the third rafter facing underwater, Both end edges of the second sheathing board are butted against one edge of the first sheathing board and one edge of the third sheathing board, respectively, and one end of the second rafter is connected to the first projecting part. The receiving roof panel is fixed to the horizontal base member by arranging the other end of the second rafter between the second protrusions, and the second sheathing board is arranged between the first It is characterized in that it is fixed to the projecting portion and the second projecting portion.

According to the first roof panel of the present invention, one end of the first rafter protrudes from the edge of the first sheathing board to form the first protrusion. The roof panel is installed on top of the horizontal base material, and the sheathing board of the composite panel that integrates the general sheathing board and the rafters is butted against one edge of the first sheathing board. If the rafters of the composite panel are positioned between adjacent first rafters and the composite panel is secured to the horizontal substrate, the rafters of each panel can be closely spaced. Therefore, it is not necessary to join the ends of the rafters of each panel to each other, which makes it possible to improve workability, and to increase the structural strength of the joints of the rafters. In addition, since the joints of the sheathing boards and the joints of the rafters of each panel do not match, structural weaknesses can be compensated for, and the necessary structural strength of the roof can be maintained. Further, since the length of protrusion of the first projecting portion is equal to or longer than the interval between adjacent horizontal base members, the roof panel can be stably installed above the horizontal base members.

According to the first roof structure of the present invention, the roof panel is fixed to the roof horizontal base material with the first projecting part facing the water side, so that the general sheathing board and the rafters are integrated. The sheathing board of the combined composite panel is butted against one edge of the first sheathing board from the water side, and the rafters of the composite panel are arranged between the adjacent first rafters to form the composite panel as a horizontal base material. , the rafters of each panel can be closely spaced. Therefore, it is not necessary to join the ends of the rafters of each panel to each other, which makes it possible to improve workability, and to increase the structural strength of the joints of the rafters. Since the joints of the sheathing boards of each panel do not match the joints of the rafters, structural weaknesses can be compensated for. The required horizontal strength as a whole can be secured.

According to the second roof structure of the present invention, one edge of the second sheathing board is arranged to abut against one edge of the first sheathing board, and one end of the second rafter is attached to the adjacent first projection. Since the receiving roof panel is fixed to the horizontal substrate by being placed between the sections, the spacing between one end of the second rafter and the first protrusion can be close. Therefore, it is not necessary to join the ends of the rafters of each panel to each other, which makes it possible to improve workability, and to increase the structural strength of the joints of the rafters. Since the joints of the sheathing boards of each panel do not match the joints of the rafters, structural weaknesses can be compensated for. The required horizontal strength as a whole can be secured.

According to the third roof structure of the present invention, one edge of the third sheathing board is arranged to abut the other edge of the second sheathing board, and the other end of the second rafter is placed on the adjacent second rafter. Since the receiving roof panel is placed between the protrusions and fixed to the horizontal base material, it is necessary to join the ends of each rafter at the construction site by combining each roof panel even in the case of a large roof. It is possible to improve workability.

According to the first roof structure construction method of the present invention, after installing the roof panel on the horizontal base material, one end of the second rafter is placed between the adjacent first projections exposed from the first sheathing board. Therefore, there is no need to join the ends of the first rafter and the second rafter at the construction site, and workability can be improved.

According to the second roof structure construction method of the present invention, after the second roof panel is fixed to the uppermost horizontal base member and positioned above the water, a receiving roof panel is placed between the roof panel and the second roof panel. Since the roof structure can be constructed only by dropping from above, workability can be improved. In addition, since both ends of the second rafters are arranged between the first projecting portions and the second projecting portions exposed from the first roof board and the third roof board, respectively, the ends of the rafters are arranged at the construction site. There is no need to connect the parts, and workability can be improved.

The perspective view which shows the roof structure of 1st Embodiment. The perspective view which shows a roof panel. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a roof panel with reinforcing rafters; 4 is a perspective view showing a receiving roof panel; FIG. The perspective view which shows the condition which erects a roof panel on a horizontal base material. The perspective view which shows the condition which erects a receiving roof panel on a horizontal base material. (a) A perspective view showing how the first rafter is fixed to the eaves girder, (b) A perspective view showing how the first rafter is fixed to the eaves girder. The perspective view which shows the condition which installs a 2nd rafter in a purlin. The top view which shows the roof structure of 1st Embodiment. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a state in which a plurality of roof panels and receiving roof panels are installed on a horizontal base member; 1 is a plan view of a roof structure having multiple roof panels; FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the installation of a receiving roof panel between the roof panel and the second roof panel; The top view which shows the roof structure of 2nd Embodiment.

<First Embodiment>
EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, it demonstrates, referring each figure for embodiment of the roof structure 1 which concerns on this invention. A roof structure 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a structure mainly used for a sloping wooden roof, and includes a plurality of horizontal base members 2 arranged in parallel with each other at intervals and extending in the eaves beam direction, and a roof panel. 3 and a receiving roof panel 4 arranged above the water side of the roof panel 3.

As shown in FIG. 1, the horizontal base members 2 are arranged substantially parallel to each other while forming a height difference along the slope of the roof, and are supported by columns and shed bundles (not shown) and extend in the eaves beam direction. It is a plurality of elongated members, on which the roof panel 3 and the receiving roof panel 4 are mounted. In the illustrated example, the horizontal base material 2 is arranged in parallel with the eaves girder 21 arranged on the most downstream side, the ridge beam 22 arranged on the most water side, and between the eaves girder 21 and the ridge beam 22. It is composed of a plurality of purlins 23 . The interval L1 between the horizontal base members 2 is calculated by structural calculation considering the shape of the roof, the climate of each region, the load acting on the roof, etc. For example, between the purlins 23, the vertical distance is It can be about 1500 mm to 2000 mm. The arrangement of the horizontal base members 2 in FIG. 1 is an example, and the type and shape of the horizontal base members 2 and the number of purlins 23 are not particularly limited.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, rafter bases 2a for receiving a first rafter 32 and a second rafter 42, which will be described later, are fixed to the upper surfaces of the eaves girders 21 and the ridge beams 22, respectively. A notch 2b having a substantially triangular cross-sectional view shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 8, on the side surface of the purlin 23 on the underwater side, a rafter hanger 23a having a trapezoidal cross section whose upper surface is inclined in accordance with the slope of the roof is fixed with a fixture A such as a screw or a nail. The rafters 32, 42 can be placed stably.

The roof panel 3 is a composite panel in which the sheathing board and the rafters are integrated in advance at the factory, and as shown in FIG. a plurality of first rafters 32 fixed parallel to each other. The first sheathing material 31 is made of structural plywood with a thickness of about 12 mm, and is formed with a width of about 2000 mm or less and a length of about 3000 mm to 4000 mm or less. 3 can be lifted up by a crane and placed at a predetermined position without hindrance, and can be easily transported. The first rafters 32 are connected and fixed to the first sheathing board 31 by a plurality of fasteners A driven from above the first sheathing board 31, and one end protrudes from one edge 31b of the first sheathing board 31. The protruding length L2 of the first protruding portion 32a, which is the protruding portion, is equal to or greater than the interval L1 between the adjacent horizontal base members 2 shown in FIG. The other end portion 32b of the first rafter 32 is a portion that protrudes from the other edge 31c of the first sheathing board 31 to form the eaves, and is placed on the eaves beam 21 as shown in FIG. be. As shown in FIG. 7(a), the side surface 32c of the portion of the other end 32b in contact with the eaves girder 21 is marked with a reference mark 32d for aligning the overhang of the eaves. 1 The width of the projection from the roof board 31 is determined by the projection of the eaves for each roof. The other end 32b of the first rafter 32 does not protrude from the other edge 31c of the first sheathing board 31 when the roof panel 3 is not installed at the lowest water level.

As shown in FIG. 1, the roof panel 3 is fixed on the horizontal base material 2 with the first protruding part 32a side of the first rafter 32 facing the water side, and the total length thereof is at least the distance between the horizontal base materials 2. It is desirable to have 2 to 3 times or more of L1. When forming a roof with a large overhang of the eaves as shown in FIG. By doing so, the strength of the eaves can be reinforced. Although not shown, the reinforcing rafters 33 can be arranged so that the edge of one end is aligned with the edge of the other end 32b, and the other end can be bridged over the purlin 23 adjacent to the ridge beam 21. have the length possible.

The interval between adjacent first rafters 32 is desirably 500 mm or less in accordance with the placement standards for horizontal substrates stipulated in "Allowable Stress Design for Wooden Frame Construction Houses (2017 edition)". Further, it is desirable that the intervals between the plurality of first rafters 32 are equal in consideration of easiness of allocation and workability, but if the intervals are 500 mm or less, they do not necessarily need to be equal.

The receiving roof panel 4, like the roof panel 3, is a composite panel in which the sheathing board and the rafters are integrated in advance at the factory, and as shown in FIG. and a plurality of second rafters 42 fixed in parallel and spaced apart from each other on the lower surface 41a. The second rafters 42 are connected and fixed to the second roof board 41 by a plurality of fasteners A that are driven from above the second roof board 41, and both ends of the second roof board 41 are connected to one edge 41b and the other edge of the second roof board 41, respectively. , and unlike the roof panel 3, the ends 42a, 42b of the second rafter 42 do not protrude from the second sheathing board 41. As shown in FIG. The receiving roof panel 4 is, as shown in FIG. The configuration of the second sheathing boards 41 and the spacing between the second rafters 42 are the same as the configuration of the first sheathing boards 31 and the spacing between the first rafters 32, respectively.

Next, a construction method for the roof structure 1 will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 5, the roof panel 3 is erected on the horizontal base material 2 that is spanned by the pillars and the shed bundles (not shown). The roof panel 3 is placed on the rafter base 2a above the eaves girder 21 and the rafter hook 23a fixed to the purlin 23 with the first projecting portion 32a of the first rafter 32 directed toward the water side. As shown in a), the other end 32b of the first rafter 32 is fitted into the notch 2b of the rafter base 2a. Then, after aligning the reference mark 32d with the corner of the rafter base 2a on the underwater side to align the protrusion width of the other end portion 32b from the eaves girder 21, as shown in FIG. The other end portion 32b and the eaves girders 21 are integrally connected and fixed with a length screw B. At this time, since the reference mark 32d is not hidden by the first sheathing board 31, the reference mark 32d can be easily aligned with the predetermined position of the eaves girder 21, and workability can be improved. Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the roof panels 3 are sequentially fixed to the horizontal base member 2 by driving long screws B from above the first sheathing board 31 into the portions of the first rafters 32 abutting against the rafter hooks 23a. .

Subsequently, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, the receiving roof panel 4 is placed on the rafter hanger 23a fixed to the purlin 23 positioned above the water side of the first sheathing board 31 and on the rafter base 2a above the ridgepole 22. do. At this time, one end 42a of the second rafter 42 is arranged between the adjacent first projections 32a, and one edge 41b of the second sheathing board 41 is one edge of the first sheathing board 31. 31b. Then, the other end 42b of the second rafter 42 is fitted to the rafter base 2a of the ridgepole 22 in the same procedure as for the roof panel 3, and as shown in FIG. The receiving roof panel 4 and the ridgepole 22 are integrally connected and fixed, and a long screw B is driven from above the second sheathing board 41 into the part of the second rafter 42 that contacts the rafter hook 23a to attach the receiving roof panel. 4 is fixed to the horizontal base material 2.

As shown in FIG. 9, the roof panel 3 and the receiving roof panel 4 fixed on the horizontal base member 2 in this manner are aligned with the second sheathing board 41 and the first projecting portion 32a of the first rafter 32. It is connected by driving a plurality of fixtures A from above into the position where they are to be connected. Then, as shown in FIG. 10, the roof panel 3 and the receiving roof panel 4 are horizontally installed in the same procedure, and the eaves purlin 34 is fixed to the tip of the other end 32b of the first rafter 32 with screws. At the same time, the eaves edge base plate 51 for the eaves edge is installed on the other end portion 32b of the first rafter 32 projecting from the eaves edge and the upper part of the eaves purlin . Finally, an end sheathing board 52 is installed between the gable-side edge of the receiving roof panel 4 located at the gable-side edge of the roof surface and the longitudinal edge of the horizontal base member 2, Complete roof structure 1.

In this way, the roof structure 1 can have the rafters 32, 42 of each panel 3, 4 closely spaced from each other by partially staggering the first rafters 32 and the second rafters 42. . Therefore, the structural strength of the joints of the rafters 32, 42 can be enhanced without joining the ends of the rafters 32, 42, and the workability can be greatly improved. In addition, since the joints of sheathing boards and rafters do not match, structural weaknesses can be compensated for, and a roof structure that can be easily constructed while maintaining the necessary structural strength of the roof can be constructed. . In addition, although only one roof panel 3 is used in the illustrated example, as shown in FIG. The receiving roof panel 4 may be fixed to the first projecting portion 32a of the panel 3, and the number of roof panels 3 can be adjusted according to the shape and size of the roof.

<Second embodiment>
Next, an embodiment of the roof structure 6 according to the present invention will be described with reference to each drawing. In addition, the structure which overlaps with the roof structure 1 uses the same code|symbol, and abbreviate|omits description. The roof structure 6 comprises a plurality of horizontal substrates 2, a roof panel 3, a receiving roof panel 4, and a second roof panel 7 positioned above the receiving roof panel 4, as shown in FIG. ing.

As shown in FIG. 12, the second roof panel 7, which is a composite panel in which the sheathing board and the rafters are integrated, is arranged so that one edge 71a abuts against the other edge 41c of the second sheathing board 41. and a plurality of third rafters 72 fixed to the lower surface of the third sheathing board 71 in parallel and spaced apart from each other. One end of the third rafter 72 protrudes from one edge 71a of the third sheathing board 71, and the protruding length L3 of the second protruding portion 72a, which is the protruding portion, is the same as that shown in FIG. The distance L1 or more between the matching horizontal base members 2 is set. The configuration of the third sheathing board 71 and the spacing between the third rafters 72 are the same as those of the first sheathing board 31 and the first rafters 32, respectively.

Next, a roof structure construction method using the roof structure 6 will be described. First, the roof panel 3 is fixed to the horizontal base member 2 by the same procedure as in the first embodiment. Then, as shown in FIG. 12, the other end portion 72b of the third rafter 72 is attached to a cut (not shown) of the rafter base 2a placed on the upper part of the ridgepole 22 with the second projecting portion 72a directed toward the underwater side. The third rafter 72 is placed on the rafter hook 23a fixed to the purlin 23 by fitting it into the notch 2c. Then, a long screw B (not shown) is driven from above to integrally connect and fix the other end portion 72b and the ridgepole 22. Long screws B (not shown) are driven from above the ground plate 71 to sequentially fix the second roof panel 7 to the horizontal base member 2 . At this time, the second roof panel 7 is installed on the horizontal base material 2 in a state in which the third rafter 72 is substantially aligned with the position of the first rafter 32 in the eaves beam direction. The shape of 71 is adjusted so that the distance between the first sheathing board 31 and the third sheathing board 71 is substantially the same as the length of the second sheathing board 41 .

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 12, the receiving roof panel 4 is placed on the rafters 23b fixed to the purlin 23 located between the first sheathing board 31 and the third sheathing board 71. As shown in FIG. At this time, the second rafter 42 has one end portion 42 a disposed between the first projecting portions 32 a of the first rafter 32 and the other end portion 42 b disposed between the second projecting portions 72 a of the third rafter 72 . Both ends 41b and 41c of the second sheathing board 41 are butted against one edge 31b of the first sheathing board 31 and one edge 71a of the third sheathing board 72, respectively. Then, similarly to the second roof panel 7, the receiving roof panel 4 is fixed to the horizontal base member 2 by driving long screws B (not shown) from above into the portions of the second rafters 42 that contact the rafter hooks 23a. .

As shown in FIG. 13, the receiving roof panel 4 arranged on the horizontal base member 2 in this manner is positioned to match the first projecting portion 32a and the second projecting portion 72a of the second sheathing board 41 from above. It is connected by driving the fixture A. Then, the eaves baseboard 51, the eaves purlin 34, and the end baseboard 52 are installed in the same procedure as the roof structure 1, and the roof structure 6 is completed.

Thus, in the roof structure 6, by arranging the rafters 32, 42, and 72 partially alternately, it is not necessary to join the rafters together by subjecting the ends of the rafters to complicated processing as in the conventional art. Therefore, workability can be greatly improved even for a large roof with a long length. In addition, since the joints of sheathing boards and rafters do not match, structural weaknesses can be compensated for, and a roof structure that can be easily constructed while maintaining the structural strength necessary for the roof can be constructed. . After positioning the roof panel 3 and the second roof panel 7 between the bottom and the top of the water, the receiving panel 4 is dropped from above, so that each panel around the eaves and ridge can be prevented from being displaced.

The embodiments of the present invention are not limited to those described above, and can be modified as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The roof panel according to the present invention can be suitably used when forming a sloped roof with a wooden structure.

Reference Signs List 1, 6 Roof structure 2 Horizontal base material 3 Roof panel 31 First roof board 31b One edge of the first roof board 32 First rafter 32a First protrusion 4 Receiving roof panel 41 Second roof board 41b Second field One edge of the main board 41c The other edge of the second roof board 42 Second rafter 42a One end of the second rafter 42b The other end of the second rafter 7 Second roof panel 71 Third roof board 71a 3 One edge of roof board 72 3rd rafter 72a 2nd projecting part L1 Spacing between adjacent horizontal base materials L2 Projection length of 1st projecting part L3 Projecting length of 2nd projecting part

Claims (5)

a plurality of horizontal base materials arranged in parallel with each other at intervals and extending in the eaves beam direction;
a first sheathing board; and a plurality of first rafters fixed in parallel and spaced apart from each other on the lower surface of the first sheathing board and protruding from at least one edge of the first sheathing board; A roof panel secured to the top of a plurality of spaced parallel horizontal furrings, comprising:
a roof panel in which a projection length of a first projecting portion of the first rafter projecting from the edge of the first sheathing board is equal to or greater than the interval between the adjacent horizontal base members ,
The roof structure, wherein the roof panel is fixed to the horizontal base member with the first projecting portion directed toward the water side. A second sheathing board having one edge butted against one edge of the first sheathing board; a receiving roof panel having a plurality of second rafters positioned on one edge of the second sheathing board;
2. The roof structure of claim 1 , wherein said receiving roof panel is secured to said horizontal substrate with one end of said second rafter positioned between said adjacent first projections. . A third sheathing board arranged so that one end edge abuts the other edge of the second sheathing board, and is fixed to the lower surface of the third sheathing board in parallel with a space from each other. a second roof panel having a plurality of third rafters projecting from one edge of the three sheathing boards;
The second roof panel is fixed to the horizontal base member on the most water side with a second projecting portion projecting from the edge of the third sheathing board of the third rafter toward the underwater side,
3. The roof according to claim 2, wherein the receiving roof panel is fixed to the horizontal substrate with the other ends of the second rafters positioned between the adjacent second protrusions. structure. A roof structure construction method using the roof structure according to claim 3 ,
securing the roof panel to the horizontal substrate with the first protrusion of the first rafter facing the water side;
One edge of the second sheathing board is abutted against one edge of the first sheathing board from above, and one end of the second rafter is arranged between the first projecting parts, and the securing a receiving roof panel to the horizontal substrate;
A method for constructing a roof structure, characterized in that the second sheathing board is fixed to the first projecting portion. after fixing the second roof panel to the horizontal substrate most above water with the second protrusion of the third rafter facing underwater;
Both ends of the second sheathing board are butted against one edge of the first sheathing board and one edge of the third sheathing board from above,
One end of a second rafter is positioned between the first projections and the other end of the second rafter is positioned between the second projections to position the receiving roof panel on the horizontal foundation. fixed to the material,
5. The roof structure construction method according to claim 4 , wherein the second sheathing board is fixed to the first projecting portion and the second projecting portion.

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