JP4507987B2 - Stiffening structure of sloped roof construction surface - Google Patents
Stiffening structure of sloped roof construction surface Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、勾配屋根を有する木質系建物において、勾配屋根構面の面内剛性を向上させうる補剛構造に関する。 The present invention relates to a stiffening structure capable of improving in-plane rigidity of a sloped roof construction surface in a wooden building having a sloped roof.
勾配屋根を有する木質系建物の小屋組架構は、例えば特許文献1に記載されているように、水平方向に配置される小屋梁(陸梁)や軒桁等を連結して小屋組の底面となる水平構面となし、この水平構面と屋根頂部に位置する棟木との間に垂木、合掌、勾配梁、あるいは登り梁と称される斜材を架設して、これらの斜材を母屋等の連結材で水平方向に連結することにより、屋根下地となる勾配屋根構面を形成するものが一般的である。このような小屋組架構においては、勾配屋根構面の面内剛性を、梁・桁レベルの水平構面に取り付けた筋交いや火打ちと、斜材の上面に貼設した野地板との合算によって確保している。
For example, as described in
しかし、梁・桁レベルの水平構面に筋交いや火打ちが配設されていると、小屋裏空間を居室の一部や収納空間として有効利用する上で、設計上の制約が大きくなる。小屋裏まで連続する吹き抜けのような大空間を設けて、梁材をあらわし仕上げとする場合には、その吹き抜け空間に筋交いや火打ちが露出して意匠性が損なわれるおそれもある。 However, if braces and fire bedding are arranged on the horizontal construction surface at the beam / girder level, design constraints become large in order to effectively use the back space as a part of the living room or as a storage space. In the case where a large space such as a blow-out that continues to the back of the hut is provided and the beam material is represented and finished, braces and fire strikes are exposed in the blow-through space, and the design may be impaired.
また、建物本体の外側に部分的な突出部を設け、その突出部の屋根を建物本体の屋根勾配から連続させて梁・桁レベルより低い位置まで葺き下ろす場合も、斜材の上面に貼設する野地板だけで十分な剛性を確保するのは現実的に困難であることから、突出部の屋内側に火打ち等を設ける必要があり、これが屋内側に露出してしまう。 In addition, when a partial protrusion is provided on the outside of the building body and the roof of the protrusion is continued from the roof slope of the building body to a position lower than the beam / girder level, it is affixed to the upper surface of the diagonal. Since it is practically difficult to secure sufficient rigidity with only the field plate to be used, it is necessary to provide a fire-throw or the like on the indoor side of the protruding portion, which is exposed to the indoor side.
ところで、勾配屋根構面自体の面内剛性を向上させる技術としては、斜材に貼設する野地板に替えて、予め枠材と面材とを組み合わせて形成した屋根下地パネルを、隣接する斜材間に架設するパネル工法も広く普及している(例えば特許文献2)。この種のパネル工法は、構造的な合理性や施工品質において有利な点もあるが、例えば都市部の狭小地に見られるような複雑な屋根形状の小屋組架構には対応しづらいという短所もある。また、屋根下地パネルを構成する枠材や面材その他の部材点数が多くなるので、屋根の重量が増し、小屋組架構の荷重負担が大きくなるという不利もある。
本発明は、上記のような問題点に鑑みてなされたもので、前提としては複雑な屋根形状にも対応の容易な野地板方式の屋根下地構造を採用しつつ、屋根勾配に沿って架設される垂木や勾配梁等の斜材と、それらの斜材を水平方向に連結する連結材とからなる勾配屋根構面の面内剛性を、該構面の高さ(厚み)に納まる簡素な構造によって向上させ、もって梁・桁レベルの水平構面に配置される筋交いや火打ち等の削減を図ることを解決課題とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and as a premise, it is constructed along a roof slope while adopting a roof base structure of a field plate type that can easily cope with a complicated roof shape. The in-plane rigidity of the sloped roof construction surface consisting of diagonal materials such as rafters and gradient beams and connecting materials that connect these diagonal materials in the horizontal direction, with a simple structure that fits in the height (thickness) of the structural surface The problem to be solved is to improve bracing and fire placement, etc., which are arranged on the horizontal surface of the beam / girder level.
上記した目的を達成するため、本発明の勾配屋根構面の補剛構造は、屋根勾配に沿って架設される複数本の斜材と、それらの斜材を水平方向に連結する連結材とが略格子状に接合され、それら斜材の上面に野地板が貼設されて屋根下地面が形成される勾配屋根構面において、左右に隣接する一対の斜材の互いに対向する側面に、上記斜材よりも断面高さ寸法の小さい面材受け部材が、その天面を斜材の天面よりも所定寸法だけ低くし、かつ、その底面を斜材の底面よりも下方に突出させない状態でそれぞれ添設され、上記一対の面材受け部材の天面に、上記所定寸法に合致する厚さと、上記一対の斜材の対向側面間隔に相当する幅を備えた略矩形の構造用合板からなる補剛面材が架設されて、それぞれの面材受け部材に釘または木ネジで貼設され、上記面材受け部材及び上記補剛面材は、それらの勾配方向における上端と下端が、それらの上下に位置する連結材から離隔するように配置されたことを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above-described object, the stiffening structure for a sloped roof construction surface according to the present invention includes a plurality of diagonal members laid along the roof gradient, and a connecting material for connecting the diagonal members in the horizontal direction. In the sloped roof construction surface, which is joined in a substantially lattice shape and a base plate is attached to the upper surface of the diagonal members to form a roof base surface, the diagonal surfaces of the pair of diagonal members adjacent to the left and right are opposite to each other. Each of the face material receiving members having a cross-sectional height smaller than that of the material has a top surface that is lower than the top surface of the diagonal material by a predetermined size , and the bottom surface thereof does not protrude downward from the bottom surface of the diagonal material. The top surface of the pair of face material receiving members is a supplementary member made of a substantially rectangular structural plywood having a thickness corresponding to the predetermined dimension and a width corresponding to the distance between the opposing side surfaces of the pair of diagonal materials. Tsuyoshimen material is laid, affixed with nails or wood screws on each side member receiving member Is, the surface member receiving member and the HoTsuyoshimen material, upper and lower ends in their gradient direction, characterized in that it is arranged so as to be separated from the connecting member located on their upper and lower.
ここで、「屋根勾配に沿って架設される斜材」とは、一般的な小屋組架構において棟から軒先に至る勾配方向に架設され、その上面に葺設される屋根面を支持する構造材であって、いわゆる垂木、合掌、勾配梁、登り梁等を総称した概念である。「一対の斜材」は、例えば合掌と垂木のように、名称が異なる部材の組み合わせであってもよく、それら一対の斜材の断面形状は必ずしも同一である必要はない。また、「それらの斜材を水平方向に連結する連結材」とは、いわゆる棟木、母屋あるいは母屋梁、軒桁、軒先母屋、及びこれらに準じて斜材同士を相互に連結する構造材を総称した概念である。 Here, “diagonal material laid along the roof gradient” means a structural material that supports a roof surface that is installed in the direction of the gradient from the ridge to the eaves in a general hut structure and is installed on the upper surface of the building. The concept is a general term for so-called rafters, joints, gradient beams, climbing beams, and the like. The “pair of diagonal members” may be a combination of members having different names, such as a palm and rafters, and the pair of diagonal members need not necessarily have the same cross-sectional shape. “Connecting materials that connect these diagonal materials in the horizontal direction” is a generic term for so-called purlins, purlins or purlins, eaves girders, eaves purlins, and structural materials that connect diagonal materials to each other according to these. Concept.
この構成によれば、斜材と連結材とを略格子状に接合して構成される勾配屋根構面において、補剛面材が、隣接する斜材間に落とし込まれた状態で面材受け部材に貼設されることにより、この補剛面材が面内耐力要素となり、勾配屋根構面の面内剛性が格段に向上する。補剛面材は、その天面が斜材の天面よりも高くならないように貼設されるので、斜材に野地板を貼設する納まりには影響を及ぼさず、納まりを簡素化することができる。 According to this configuration, in the sloped roof construction surface formed by joining the diagonal member and the connecting member in a substantially lattice shape, the stiffener surface member is dropped in between the adjacent diagonal members. By being affixed to the member, the stiffened surface material becomes an in-plane strength element, and the in-plane rigidity of the gradient roof construction surface is significantly improved. The stiffened surface material is affixed so that its top surface does not become higher than the top surface of the diagonal material. Can do.
この発明においては、面材受け部材が、その底面を斜材の底面よりも下方に突出させない状態で斜材に添設される。これによると、勾配屋根構面の構面内に、その面内耐力要素が完全に納まるので、屋根裏面の構造も簡素化される。 In the present invention, the surface material receiving member, Ru is additionally provided to the diagonal members in a state that does not project below the bottom surface of the bottom diagonal members. According to this, since the in-plane bearing element is completely contained in the construction surface of the sloped roof construction surface, the structure of the roof back surface is also simplified.
この発明においては、補剛面材の天面と斜材の天面とが面一となるので、野地板の貼設に係る施工性も向上する。 In the present invention, since the top Metropolitan of the top surface of HoTsuyoshimen member and diagonal members are flush with, also improved workability of the bonded set of sheathing roof board.
この発明においては、面材受け部材及び補剛面材は、それらの勾配方向における上端と下端が、それらの上下に位置する連結材から離隔するように配置される。また、左右に隣接する一対の斜材の勾配方向に沿って、複数枚の補剛面材が、それらの中間に位置する連結材を挟むようにして配置されていてもよい。 In the present invention, the face plate receiving member and HoTsuyoshimen material, upper and lower ends in their gradient directions, Ru is arranged so as to be separated from the connecting member located on their upper and lower. Further, a plurality of stiffening surface materials may be arranged along a gradient direction of a pair of diagonal members adjacent to the left and right so as to sandwich a connecting material located between them.
補剛面材には、少なくとも10mm以上の厚さを有する構造用合板を好適に利用することができる。また、斜材に対する面材受け部材の添設、及び面材受け部材に対する補剛面材の貼設は、釘または木ネジによるのが実用的であり、施工も容易である。 As the stiffening face material, a structural plywood having a thickness of at least 10 mm or more can be suitably used. Moreover, it is practical to use a nail or a wood screw for attaching the face material receiving member to the diagonal material and attaching the stiffening face material to the face material receiving member, and the construction is also easy.
上述のように構成される本発明の勾配屋根構面の補剛構造によれば、勾配屋根構面の面内耐力要素が野地板だけの場合に比べて、面内剛性を格段に向上させることができ、かつ、その面内耐力要素を勾配屋根構面の高さ寸法内に納めることができるので、小屋組架構の構造を複雑化することなく、梁・桁レベルの水平構面に配置される筋交いや火打ち等の多くを省略することが可能になる。 According to the stiffening structure of the gradient roof construction surface of the present invention configured as described above, the in-plane rigidity is significantly improved compared to the case where the in-plane bearing element of the gradient roof construction surface is only the field plate. And the in-plane load-bearing element can be stored within the height of the sloped roof structure, so that it is placed on the horizontal structure at the beam and girder level without complicating the structure of the roof frame. It is possible to omit many of the bracing and firing.
以下、本発明の実施の形態について図を参照して説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
図1及び図2は、小屋組架構の一部に設けられた勾配屋根構面の構造を示す。図1(a)は勾配屋根構面の梁間方向断面、同(b)は上記構面を勾配面と直交する方向から見下ろした上面図であり、図2は上記構面のA−A断面図である。 FIG.1 and FIG.2 shows the structure of the gradient roof construction surface provided in a part of shed assembly frame. FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view of a sloped roof construction surface between beams, FIG. 1B is a top view of the construction surface looking down from a direction perpendicular to the slope surface, and FIG. It is.
各図において、符号1は陸梁、符号2は軒桁であり、陸梁1と軒桁2とは平行に配置されて、小屋組架構の底面となる水平構面の一部を構成している。符号3は陸梁上に立設された小屋束で、その上端に母屋梁4を支持している。
In each figure,
符号5は屋根勾配に沿って架設される勾配梁(斜材)である。勾配梁5の上端は母屋梁4に、下端は軒桁2に、それぞれ斜材用の梁受金物6、7を介して接合されている。梁受金物6、7の形状や取付構造は、本発明において特に限定されない。2本の勾配梁5は、その中間部において短い母屋8により連結されている。なお、勾配梁5の長さが長い場合、中間を連結する母屋8は2本以上になる場合もある。
2本の勾配梁5の互いに対向する側面には、面材受け部材9が釘止めによって添設されている。面材受け部材9は、中間の短い母屋8を挟むようにして、勾配梁5の上半部と下半部にそれぞれ取り付けられている。そして、対向する面材受け部材9の天面に略矩形板状の補剛面材10が架設され、その縁部が面材受け部材9に釘止めによって貼設されている。
A face
この構造において、面材受け部材9は勾配梁5よりも断面寸法が小さい部材で、その天面を勾配梁5の天面よりも補剛面材10の厚さ分だけ下げた位置に添設される。本実施形態で想定している勾配梁5の断面寸法は幅120mm×高さ150mmであり、面材受け部材の断面寸法は幅38mm×高さ89mmである。また、補剛面材10としては厚さ12mmの構造用合板を想定している。この補剛面材10の厚さに合わせて面材受け部材9の天面を勾配梁5の天面から12mm下げることにより、面材受け部材9に貼設された補剛面材10と勾配梁5の天面が面一に揃うこととなる。そして、これら補剛面材10及び勾配梁5の天面上に野地板11が貼設されて、屋根葺き下地面が構成される。
In this structure, the face
このような補剛構造の特長としては、(1)勾配屋根構面の構面内、つまり斜材の高さ寸法内に、その面内耐力要素である面材受け部材と補剛面材とを納めることができる点、(2)屋根の形状、斜材の隣接間隔、勾配方向のスパン等に応じて、必要な箇所に必要なだけ面内耐力要素を配置すればよく、必ずしも屋根面全体にわたって補剛面材を貼設する必要はない点、(3)面内耐力要素を、斜材を水平方向に連結する母屋等の連結材から離隔した状態で配置することができる点、(4)補剛面材は単なる板体で、その貼設は釘または木ネジで足り、施工が容易である点、等が挙げられる。したがって、小屋組架構を構成する他の部材に対して設計上あるいは施工上の制約を与えることもほとんどなく、小屋組架構を簡素化及び軽量化することができる。また、斜材や梁・桁を屋内側にあらわし仕上げとする場合でも、意匠面ですっきりとした仕上げを実現することができる。 The features of such stiffening structure are as follows: (1) Within the construction surface of the sloped roof construction surface, that is, within the height dimension of the diagonal material, (2) In-plane bearing elements need only be arranged where necessary according to the shape of the roof, adjacent spacing of diagonal materials, span in the gradient direction, etc. (3) The in-plane bearing strength element can be arranged in a state of being separated from a connecting material such as a purlin that connects the diagonal members in the horizontal direction, (4) ) The stiffening face material is a simple plate, and it is sufficient to attach it with a nail or a wood screw, and the construction is easy. Therefore, there is almost no design or construction restriction on the other members constituting the shed frame, and the shed frame can be simplified and reduced in weight. In addition, even when diagonal materials, beams and girders are shown on the indoor side, a clean finish can be realized on the design surface.
1 陸梁
2 軒桁(連結材)
4 母屋梁(連結材)
5 勾配梁(斜材)
8 母屋(連結材)
9 面材受け部材
10 補剛面材
11 野地板
1
4 Purlin (connecting material)
5 Gradient beam (oblique material)
8 Purlin (connecting material)
9 Surface
Claims (2)
左右に隣接する一対の斜材の互いに対向する側面に、上記斜材よりも断面高さ寸法の小さい面材受け部材が、その天面を斜材の天面よりも所定寸法だけ低くし、かつ、その底面を斜材の底面よりも下方に突出させない状態でそれぞれ添設され、
上記一対の面材受け部材の天面に、上記所定寸法に合致する厚さと、上記一対の斜材の対向側面間隔に相当する幅を備えた略矩形の構造用合板からなる補剛面材が架設されて、それぞれの面材受け部材に釘または木ネジで貼設され、
上記面材受け部材及び上記補剛面材は、それらの勾配方向における上端と下端が、それらの上下に位置する連結材から離隔するように配置されたことを特徴とする勾配屋根構面の補剛構造。 A plurality of diagonal members laid along the roof gradient and a connecting material that connects these diagonal members in a horizontal direction are joined in a substantially lattice shape, and a field plate is pasted on the upper surface of the diagonal members. In the sloped roof structure where the lower ground is formed,
A face material receiving member having a cross-sectional height smaller than that of the diagonal material on the side surfaces facing each other of a pair of diagonal materials adjacent to the left and right , and lowering the top surface by a predetermined dimension from the top surface of the diagonal material , and The bottom surface of each of the diagonal members is not attached below the bottom surface of the diagonal member ,
On the top surfaces of the pair of face material receiving members, a stiffening face material made of a substantially rectangular structural plywood having a thickness matching the predetermined dimension and a width corresponding to the distance between opposing side surfaces of the pair of diagonal members is provided. is bridged, is affixed with nails or wood screws on each side member receiving member,
The face material receiving member and the stiffening face material are arranged so that the upper end and the lower end in the gradient direction are spaced apart from the connecting material positioned above and below them. Rigid structure.
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JP2017106220A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2017-06-15 | 積水ハウス株式会社 | Building frame |
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JPH05346041A (en) * | 1992-06-16 | 1993-12-27 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | Joint member |
JP2002138621A (en) * | 2000-11-06 | 2002-05-17 | Misawa Homes Co Ltd | Structure and method for juxtaposing roof panel |
JP2002294904A (en) * | 2001-04-03 | 2002-10-09 | Ibiden Co Ltd | Wall panel, bearing wall and construction method of the bearing wall |
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JP2017106220A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2017-06-15 | 積水ハウス株式会社 | Building frame |
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