JP6088754B2 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

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JP6088754B2
JP6088754B2 JP2012134102A JP2012134102A JP6088754B2 JP 6088754 B2 JP6088754 B2 JP 6088754B2 JP 2012134102 A JP2012134102 A JP 2012134102A JP 2012134102 A JP2012134102 A JP 2012134102A JP 6088754 B2 JP6088754 B2 JP 6088754B2
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heat exchange
exchange tube
heat
refrigerant
thickness direction
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JP2013257096A (en
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浩隆 門
浩隆 門
金子　智
智 金子
祐介 飯野
祐介 飯野
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Sanden Holdings Corp
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Description

本発明は、例えば、車両用空気調和装置に用いられるヒートポンプサイクルにおいて、冷媒と空気とを熱交換するための熱交換器に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between refrigerant and air, for example, in a heat pump cycle used in a vehicle air conditioner.

従来、この種の熱交換器としては、中空扁平状に形成され、第１流体が流通する複数の熱交換チューブを備え、熱交換チューブの内側を流通する第１流体と熱交換チューブの外側を流通する第２流体とを熱交換させるようにしたものが知られている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。この熱交換器は、例えば、第１流体としての冷媒と第２流体としての空気とを熱交換することによって冷媒を吸熱させるヒートポンプサイクルのエバポレータとして用いることが可能である。   Conventionally, this type of heat exchanger has a hollow flat shape and includes a plurality of heat exchange tubes through which the first fluid circulates, and the first fluid that circulates inside the heat exchange tubes and the outside of the heat exchange tubes. There is known one in which heat is exchanged with the second fluid that is circulated (see, for example, Patent Document 1). This heat exchanger can be used, for example, as an evaporator of a heat pump cycle that absorbs heat from the refrigerant by exchanging heat between the refrigerant as the first fluid and the air as the second fluid.

特開平０１−１８１０９２号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 01-181092

前記熱交換器では、熱交換チューブ内を第１流体が層流状態で流れる場合や、熱交換チューブ内面の第１流体に対する伝熱面積が小さい場合において、第１流体と熱交換チューブとの間において伝達される熱量が小さく、熱交換効率が低下するおそれがある。   In the heat exchanger, when the first fluid flows in a laminar flow state in the heat exchange tube or when the heat transfer area with respect to the first fluid on the inner surface of the heat exchange tube is small, the space between the first fluid and the heat exchange tube is There is a possibility that the amount of heat transferred in is small and the heat exchange efficiency is lowered.

本発明の目的とするところは、第１流体の熱交換チューブに対する熱伝達を促進し、熱交換効率を向上させることのできる熱交換器を提供することにある。   An object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger that can promote heat transfer of a first fluid to a heat exchange tube and improve heat exchange efficiency.

本発明は、前記目的を達成するために、中空扁平状に形成され、第１流体が流通する複数の熱交換チューブと、各熱交換チューブの間に設けられ、波形状に形成された伝熱フィンと、を備え、熱交換チューブの内側を流通する第１流体と熱交換チューブの外側を流通する第２流体とを熱交換させる熱交換器であって、熱交換チューブには、厚さ方向両側の内面に幅方向に渡って内側に張り出すように設けられた複数の凸部によって、厚さ方向に蛇行しながら延びる流体流路が形成され、各凸部は、熱交換チューブの厚さ方向両側における熱交換チューブを構成する部材を外側から内側に向かって張り出させるように変形することによって形成され、熱交換チューブの厚さ方向両側の外面には、各凸部に対応する位置に幅方向に延びる凹部が設けられ、各凹部には、伝熱フィンの波形状の頂部が配置され、熱交換チューブは、流体流路が上下方向に向けて配置され、熱交換チューブの厚さ方向両側の外面には、熱交換チューブおよび伝熱フィンにおいて生じる結露水を下方に案内する案内溝が形成され、案内溝は、各凹部の間に設けられ、各案内溝は、上端側の幅寸法が上端に向かって徐々に大きく形成されている。 In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a plurality of heat exchange tubes which are formed in a hollow flat shape and through which a first fluid flows, and are provided between the heat exchange tubes and are formed in a wave shape. A heat exchanger that exchanges heat between a first fluid that circulates inside the heat exchange tube and a second fluid that circulates outside the heat exchange tube, the heat exchange tube having a thickness direction A plurality of convex portions provided on the inner surfaces of both sides so as to project inward in the width direction form a fluid flow path extending while meandering in the thickness direction, and each convex portion has a thickness of the heat exchange tube. It is formed by deforming the members constituting the heat exchange tube on both sides in the direction so as to protrude from the outside to the inside, and the outer surfaces on both sides in the thickness direction of the heat exchange tube are in positions corresponding to the convex portions. A recess extending in the width direction is provided. In each recess, a wave-shaped top portion of the heat transfer fin is arranged, the heat exchange tube is arranged with the fluid flow path directed in the vertical direction, and the heat exchange tube is heated on the outer surfaces on both sides in the thickness direction. Guide grooves are formed to guide the condensed water generated in the exchange tube and the heat transfer fins downward. The guide grooves are provided between the recesses, and the width of the upper end side gradually increases toward the upper end. Largely formed .

これにより、流体流路を流通する冷媒の流れが乱流状態となりやすくなるとともに、流体流路内の第１流体との伝熱面積が拡大されることから、冷媒の熱交換チューブに対する熱伝達が促進される。   As a result, the flow of the refrigerant flowing through the fluid flow path is likely to be in a turbulent state, and the heat transfer area with the first fluid in the fluid flow path is expanded, so that heat transfer from the refrigerant to the heat exchange tube is achieved. Promoted.

本発明によれば、熱交換チューブに対する熱伝達を促進することが可能となるので、第１流体と第２流体との熱交換効率を向上させることが可能となる。   According to the present invention, since heat transfer to the heat exchange tube can be promoted, it is possible to improve the heat exchange efficiency between the first fluid and the second fluid.

本発明の一実施形態を示す熱交換器の全体斜視図である。1 is an overall perspective view of a heat exchanger showing an embodiment of the present invention. 熱交換器が接続された冷媒回路を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the refrigerant circuit to which the heat exchanger was connected. 熱交換器の要部を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the principal part of a heat exchanger. 熱交換チューブの一部を切断した状態を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the state which cut | disconnected a part of heat exchange tube. 熱交換チューブの斜視図である。It is a perspective view of a heat exchange tube. 冷媒流路を流通する冷媒の流れを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the flow of the refrigerant | coolant which distribute | circulates a refrigerant | coolant flow path.

図１乃至図６は、本発明の一実施形態を示すものである。   1 to 6 show an embodiment of the present invention.

本発明の熱交換器は、例えば、車両用空気調和装置に適用されるものである。車両用空気調和装置は、図２に示すように、車室Ａ内に設けられた本発明の室内熱交換器１０が接続された冷媒回路１を備えている。冷媒回路１には、室内熱交換器１０の他に、冷媒を圧縮するための圧縮機２と、車室Ａ外に設けられた室外熱交換器３と、冷媒を減圧するための膨張弁４と、が接続されている。   The heat exchanger of the present invention is applied to, for example, a vehicle air conditioner. As shown in FIG. 2, the vehicle air conditioner includes a refrigerant circuit 1 to which an indoor heat exchanger 10 of the present invention provided in a passenger compartment A is connected. In the refrigerant circuit 1, in addition to the indoor heat exchanger 10, a compressor 2 for compressing the refrigerant, an outdoor heat exchanger 3 provided outside the vehicle compartment A, and an expansion valve 4 for depressurizing the refrigerant. And are connected.

冷媒回路１は、室外熱交換器３において冷媒を放熱させるとともに、室内熱交換器１０において冷媒を吸熱させることにより車室Ａ内の冷房を行っている。   The refrigerant circuit 1 radiates the refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and cools the passenger compartment A by absorbing the refrigerant in the indoor heat exchanger 10.

室内熱交換器１０は、図１に示すように、互いに間隔をおいて設けられた上下一対のヘッダ１１と、一端が一方のヘッダ１１に接続され、他端が他方のヘッダ１１に接続された複数の熱交換チューブ１２と、各熱交換チューブ１２の間に設けられた複数の伝熱フィン１３と、を備えている。   As shown in FIG. 1, the indoor heat exchanger 10 has a pair of upper and lower headers 11 spaced from each other, one end connected to one header 11, and the other end connected to the other header 11. A plurality of heat exchange tubes 12 and a plurality of heat transfer fins 13 provided between the heat exchange tubes 12 are provided.

各ヘッダ１１は、例えばアルミニウム等の金属からなり、中心軸が水平方向に延びる中空円筒状に形成された部材である。各ヘッダ１１の外周部には、各熱交換チューブ１２の端部が接続されている。一方のヘッダ１１には、冷媒をヘッダ１１内に流入させるための冷媒流入口１１ａが設けられ、他方のヘッダ１１には、ヘッダ１１内の冷媒を流出させるための冷媒流出口１１ｂが設けられている。   Each header 11 is a member formed of a metal such as aluminum, for example, and formed in a hollow cylindrical shape whose central axis extends in the horizontal direction. The end of each heat exchange tube 12 is connected to the outer periphery of each header 11. One header 11 is provided with a refrigerant inlet 11 a for allowing the refrigerant to flow into the header 11, and the other header 11 is provided with a refrigerant outlet 11 b for allowing the refrigerant in the header 11 to flow out. Yes.

各熱交換チューブ１２は、例えばアルミニウム等の金属からなり、上下方向に延びる平板状に形成された中空扁平状の管状部材である。各熱交換チューブ１２は、流路断面の長手方向（幅方向）が冷媒と熱交換する空気の流通方向に向くように配置される。また、各熱交換チューブ１２は、内部を流路断面の長手方向（幅方向）に仕切ることによって、図５に示すように、冷媒が流通する流体流路としての冷媒流路１２ａが流路断面の長手方向（幅方向）に複数形成されている。   Each heat exchange tube 12 is a hollow flat tubular member made of a metal such as aluminum and formed in a flat plate shape extending in the vertical direction. Each heat exchange tube 12 is arranged such that the longitudinal direction (width direction) of the cross section of the flow path is directed to the flow direction of the air that exchanges heat with the refrigerant. Each heat exchange tube 12 is partitioned in the longitudinal direction (width direction) of the cross section of the flow path so that the refrigerant flow path 12a as a fluid flow path through which the refrigerant flows, as shown in FIG. Are formed in the longitudinal direction (width direction).

また、各熱交換チューブ１２の厚さ方向両側には、図４に示すように、熱交換チューブ１２を構成する部材を外側からそれぞれ内側に向かって変形させることによって、冷媒流路１２ａ内に幅方向に渡って張り出す複数の凸部１２ｂと、凸部１２ｂに対応する位置の熱交換チューブ１２の外周面に幅方向に延びる溝状の複数の凹部１２ｃと、が形成される。各凸部１２ｂおよび各凹部１２ｃは、冷媒流路１２ａの延びる方向に、熱交換チューブ１２の厚さ方向一方および他方に交互に設けられている。これにより、冷媒流路１２ａは、熱交換チューブ１２の厚さ方向に蛇行しながら延びるように形成される。また、凹部１２ｃの深さ寸法は、伝熱フィン１３の厚さ寸法以上の寸法に形成されている。   Further, on both sides in the thickness direction of each heat exchange tube 12, as shown in FIG. 4, the members constituting the heat exchange tube 12 are respectively deformed from the outside toward the inside, thereby causing a width in the refrigerant flow path 12 a. A plurality of convex portions 12b projecting in the direction and a plurality of groove-shaped concave portions 12c extending in the width direction are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the heat exchange tube 12 at a position corresponding to the convex portion 12b. Each convex part 12b and each concave part 12c are alternately provided in one direction and the other in the thickness direction of the heat exchange tube 12 in the extending direction of the refrigerant flow path 12a. Thereby, the refrigerant flow path 12a is formed to extend while meandering in the thickness direction of the heat exchange tube 12. Moreover, the depth dimension of the recessed part 12c is formed in the dimension more than the thickness dimension of the heat-transfer fin 13. FIG.

さらに、各熱交換チューブ１２の厚さ方向両側には、図５に示すように、熱交換チューブ１２の幅方向に延びる凹部１２ｃと直交する方向、即ち、熱交換チューブ１２の冷媒流通方向に延びる案内溝としての排水溝１２ｄが各凹部１２ｃの間に設けられている。各排水溝１２ｄは、熱交換チューブ１２や伝熱フィン１３において生じる結露水を下方に案内するためのものである。各排水溝１２ｄは、上端側の幅寸法が上端に向かって徐々に大きく形成されており、上方から流れ落ちる結露水を各熱交換チューブ１２の幅方向中央部に案内することが可能に構成されている。   Further, on both sides in the thickness direction of each heat exchange tube 12, as shown in FIG. 5, the heat exchange tube 12 extends in a direction orthogonal to the recess 12 c extending in the width direction of the heat exchange tube 12, that is, in the refrigerant flow direction of the heat exchange tube 12. A drainage groove 12d as a guide groove is provided between the recesses 12c. Each drainage groove 12d is for guiding the condensed water generated in the heat exchange tubes 12 and the heat transfer fins 13 downward. Each drainage groove 12d is formed so that the width dimension on the upper end side is gradually increased toward the upper end, and the dew condensation water that flows down from above can be guided to the center in the width direction of each heat exchange tube 12. Yes.

各伝熱フィン１３は、例えばアルミニウム等の金属板を波形状に形成した部材からなる。各伝熱フィン１３の波形状の各頂部１３ａは、熱交換チューブ１２の凹部１２ｃに密接する形状に形成されており、各頂部１３ａが熱交換チューブ１２の凹部１２ｃに密接した状態でロウ付け等によって取り付けられている。   Each heat transfer fin 13 is made of a member in which a metal plate such as aluminum is formed in a wave shape. Each wave-shaped top portion 13a of each heat transfer fin 13 is formed in a shape in close contact with the recess 12c of the heat exchange tube 12, and brazing or the like in a state in which each top portion 13a is in close contact with the recess 12c of the heat exchange tube 12 Is attached by.

以上のように構成された熱交換器において、圧縮機２を駆動させると、圧縮機２から吐出された冷媒は、室外熱交換器３において放熱した後、膨張弁４を介して減圧され、室内熱交換器１０において吸熱した後、圧縮機２に吸入される。   In the heat exchanger configured as described above, when the compressor 2 is driven, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 2 radiates heat in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 and then is depressurized via the expansion valve 4. After absorbing heat in the heat exchanger 10, the heat is sucked into the compressor 2.

このとき、室内熱交換器１０において、膨張弁４によって減圧された冷媒は、冷媒流入口１１ａから一方のヘッダ１１に流入した後に、分岐されて各熱交換チューブ１２の各冷媒流路１２ａを流通する。このとき、冷媒は、冷媒流路１２ａが熱交換チューブ１２の厚さ方向に蛇行する冷媒流路１２ａを流通するため、冷媒流路１２ａにおいて流れが乱流状態となりやすくなるため、熱交換チューブ１２に対する熱伝達が促進される。また、冷媒流路１２ａは、凸部１２ｂが張り出すことによって直線状の冷媒流路と比較して伝熱面積が大きくなる。これにより、熱交換チューブ１２に対する熱伝達が促進される。   At this time, in the indoor heat exchanger 10, the refrigerant decompressed by the expansion valve 4 flows into the one header 11 from the refrigerant inlet 11 a and then branches to flow through the refrigerant flow paths 12 a of the heat exchange tubes 12. To do. At this time, since the refrigerant flows through the refrigerant flow channel 12a meandering in the thickness direction of the heat exchange tube 12, the flow is likely to be turbulent in the refrigerant flow channel 12a. Heat transfer to is promoted. Further, the refrigerant flow path 12a has a larger heat transfer area than the linear refrigerant flow path due to the protrusion 12b protruding. Thereby, the heat transfer with respect to the heat exchange tube 12 is accelerated | stimulated.

また、伝熱フィン１３の頂部１３ａは、熱交換チューブ１２の凹部１２ｃに密接した状態で取り付けられているため、伝熱フィン１３と熱交換チューブ１２とを面接触させることで冷媒と空気との熱交換が促進される。また、伝熱フィン１３の頂部１３ａが熱交換チューブ１２の凹部１２ｃに密接した状態で取り付けられているため、伝熱フィン１３と熱交換チューブ１２との間に小さな隙間ができることはなく、塵埃の詰まりや着霜が生じにくくなる。   Moreover, since the top part 13a of the heat transfer fin 13 is attached in a state of being in close contact with the recess 12c of the heat exchange tube 12, the heat transfer fin 13 and the heat exchange tube 12 are brought into surface contact so that the refrigerant and the air Heat exchange is promoted. In addition, since the top portion 13a of the heat transfer fin 13 is attached in close contact with the recess 12c of the heat exchange tube 12, there is no small gap between the heat transfer fin 13 and the heat exchange tube 12, and dust Clogging and frost formation are less likely to occur.

また、室内熱交換器１０では、冷媒が吸熱することから熱交換される空気が冷却されて熱交換チューブ１２や伝熱フィン１３に結露が生じる。熱交換チューブ１２や伝熱フィン１３おいて生じた結露水は、熱交換チューブ１２の排水溝１２ｄに沿って下方に案内される。   Further, in the indoor heat exchanger 10, since the refrigerant absorbs heat, the heat exchanged air is cooled, and condensation occurs on the heat exchange tubes 12 and the heat transfer fins 13. Condensed water generated in the heat exchange tubes 12 and the heat transfer fins 13 is guided downward along the drain grooves 12 d of the heat exchange tubes 12.

このように、本実施形態の熱交換器によれば、熱交換チューブ１２には、厚さ方向両側の内面に幅方向に渡って内側に張り出すように設けられた複数の凸部１２ｂによって、厚さ方向に蛇行しながら延びる冷媒流路１２ａが形成されている。これにより、冷媒の熱交換チューブ１２に対する熱伝達の促進を図ることができるので、冷媒と空気との熱交換効率を向上させることが可能となる。   Thus, according to the heat exchanger of the present embodiment, the heat exchange tube 12 has a plurality of convex portions 12b provided on the inner surfaces on both sides in the thickness direction so as to project inward across the width direction, A refrigerant flow path 12a extending while meandering in the thickness direction is formed. Thereby, since heat transfer with respect to the heat exchange tube 12 of a refrigerant | coolant can be aimed at, it becomes possible to improve the heat exchange efficiency of a refrigerant | coolant and air.

また、熱交換チューブ１２は、熱交換チューブ１２の厚さ方向両側の外面には、各凸部１２ｂに対応する位置に幅方向に延びる凹部１２ｃが設けられ、各凹部１２ｃには、伝熱フィン１３の波形状の頂部１３ａが配置される。これにより、熱交換チューブ１２の凹部１２ｃに伝熱フィン１３の頂部１３ａを密接した状態で取り付けることによって、伝熱フィン１３と熱交換チューブ１２との間に小さな隙間が生じることを防止できるので、塵埃の詰まりや着霜を生じにくくすることが可能となる。   Moreover, the heat exchange tube 12 is provided with concave portions 12c extending in the width direction at positions corresponding to the respective convex portions 12b on the outer surfaces on both sides in the thickness direction of the heat exchange tube 12, and each concave portion 12c has a heat transfer fin. Thirteen corrugated tops 13a are arranged. Accordingly, by attaching the top portion 13a of the heat transfer fin 13 in close contact with the recess 12c of the heat exchange tube 12, it is possible to prevent a small gap from being generated between the heat transfer fin 13 and the heat exchange tube 12. It becomes possible to prevent clogging of dust and frost formation.

また、熱交換チューブ１２は、冷媒流路１２ａが上下方向に向けて配置され、熱交換チューブ１２の厚さ方向両側の外面には、熱交換チューブ１２および伝熱フィン１３において生じる結露水を下方に案内する排水溝１２ｄが形成されている。これにより、熱交換チューブ１２および伝熱フィン１３において生じた結露水を確実に排出することができるので、より着霜を生じにくくすることが可能となる。   In addition, the heat exchange tube 12 has the refrigerant flow path 12a arranged in the vertical direction, and dew condensation water generated in the heat exchange tube 12 and the heat transfer fins 13 is placed on the outer surfaces on both sides in the thickness direction of the heat exchange tube 12 below. A drainage groove 12d is formed to guide the water. Thereby, since the dew condensation water produced in the heat exchange tube 12 and the heat transfer fin 13 can be discharged | emitted reliably, it becomes possible to make it hard to produce frost.

なお、前記実施形態では、車両用空気調和装置の室内熱交換器１０に本発明を適用したものを示したが、冷媒を吸熱させるために冷媒と空気とを熱交換させるものに限られず、流体と流体とを熱交換させるための熱交換器であれば、本発明を適用可能である。   In addition, in the said embodiment, although what applied this invention to the indoor heat exchanger 10 of the air conditioning apparatus for vehicles was shown, it is not restricted to what heat-exchanges a refrigerant | coolant and air in order to make a refrigerant | coolant absorb heat, The present invention can be applied to any heat exchanger for exchanging heat with the fluid.

また、前記実施形態では、各冷媒流路１２ａを断面略矩形状に形成するようにしたものを示したが、これに限られるものではない。例えば、断面三角形状に形成した冷媒流路であっても本発明を適用可能である。   In the above-described embodiment, each refrigerant channel 12a is formed to have a substantially rectangular cross section. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the present invention can be applied even to a refrigerant channel formed in a triangular cross section.

１０…室内熱交換器、１２…熱交換チューブ、１２ａ…冷媒流路、１２ｂ…凸部、１２ｃ…凹部、１３…伝熱フィン、１３ａ…頂部。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Indoor heat exchanger, 12 ... Heat exchange tube, 12a ... Refrigerant flow path, 12b ... Convex part, 12c ... Concave part, 13 ... Heat transfer fin, 13a ... Top part.

Claims (1)

中空扁平状に形成され、第１流体が流通する複数の熱交換チューブと、各熱交換チューブの間に設けられ、波形状に形成された伝熱フィンと、を備え、熱交換チューブの内側を流通する第１流体と熱交換チューブの外側を流通する第２流体とを熱交換させる熱交換器であって、
熱交換チューブには、厚さ方向両側の内面に幅方向に渡って内側に張り出すように設けられた複数の凸部によって、厚さ方向に蛇行しながら延びる流体流路が形成され、
各凸部は、熱交換チューブの厚さ方向両側における熱交換チューブを構成する部材を外側から内側に向かって張り出させるように変形することによって形成され、
熱交換チューブの厚さ方向両側の外面には、各凸部に対応する位置に幅方向に延びる凹部が設けられ、
各凹部には、伝熱フィンの波形状の頂部が配置され、
熱交換チューブは、流体流路が上下方向に向けて配置され、
熱交換チューブの厚さ方向両側の外面には、熱交換チューブおよび伝熱フィンにおいて生じる結露水を下方に案内する案内溝が形成され、
案内溝は、各凹部の間に設けられ、
各案内溝は、上端側の幅寸法が上端に向かって徐々に大きく形成されている
ことを特徴とする熱交換器。 A plurality of heat exchange tubes formed in a hollow flat shape through which the first fluid flows and heat transfer fins provided between the heat exchange tubes and formed in a wave shape, A heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the first fluid flowing and the second fluid flowing outside the heat exchange tube,
In the heat exchange tube, a fluid flow path extending while meandering in the thickness direction is formed by a plurality of convex portions provided so as to protrude inward in the width direction on the inner surfaces on both sides in the thickness direction ,
Each convex portion is formed by deforming the members constituting the heat exchange tube on both sides in the thickness direction of the heat exchange tube so as to protrude from the outside to the inside,
On the outer surfaces on both sides in the thickness direction of the heat exchange tube, concave portions extending in the width direction are provided at positions corresponding to the respective convex portions,
In each recess, the wave-shaped top of the heat transfer fin is arranged,
In the heat exchange tube, the fluid flow path is arranged in the vertical direction,
On the outer surfaces on both sides in the thickness direction of the heat exchange tube, guide grooves for guiding the condensed water generated in the heat exchange tube and the heat transfer fins downward are formed,
The guide groove is provided between the recesses,
Each guide groove is formed such that the width dimension on the upper end side is gradually increased toward the upper end .
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