JP6088650B2 - 多段栽培床を用いたオーガニック・オタネニンジン連続栽培システム - Google Patents
多段栽培床を用いたオーガニック・オタネニンジン連続栽培システム Download PDFInfo
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/247—Watering arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Description
また、前記多段栽培床は、サンドイッチパネルから形成されるが、高年根用に適するように隣り合う栽培床間の上下間隔が1mであり、底部パネルの幅は1mであり、前記底部パネルの各端に立てられる隔壁高さは底部パネルの内面底からの50cmであることを特徴とする。
図1〜図7に示すように、本発明に係る多段栽培床を用いたオーガニック・オタネニンジンの連続栽培システムは、所定の形状の施設物10と、この施設物10内に配列される多数の多段栽培床20とから構成される。前記オーガニック・オタネニンジンの栽培はオタネニンジン苗の栽培、低年根(3年根以下)の栽培、および高年根(4年根以上)栽培に共に適用される。
特に、前記施設物10は、図11に示すように、標準型ガラス温室にも適用することができ、このようにガラス温室に適用した場合、第1日よけ膜12および第2日よけ膜13を設けるのはもとより、屋根および左右側面には換気または円滑な通風が行われるように窓を設けなければならない。
また、高年根用の多段栽培床20である場合には、高年根用に適するように隣り合う栽培床間の上下間隔が1mであり、底部パネルの幅は100cmであり、前記底部パネルの各端に立てられる隔壁高さは底部パネルの内面底からの50cmであることが好ましい。
前記有孔パイプ23は、いずれか一方が低くなるように所定の角度で傾いた状態で施工されるが、低い側の一方の端部は、水が集水井30に流れ込むように連結された排水パイプ31が着脱可能に連結されており、他方の端部はプラグなどで塞がっている。前記有孔パイプ23を傾設する理由は、栽培床21の土壌に給水される水が有孔パイプ23の通孔を介して流入し、このように流入した水は有孔パイプ23の低い一方側に流れて集水井30に集水されるようにするためである。さらに、オタネニンジンの栽培後、前記有孔パイプ23の一方の端を塞ぎ、他方の端は蒸気滅菌システム(図示せず)の蒸気吐出パイプを連結して80〜95℃の蒸気を供給することにより、栽培床21内の土壌を殺菌するためである。
前記オタネニンジン栽培用土壌(用土)は、オーガニック認証が可能な資材から構成され、主に園芸用床土などに多く使用するパーライト24、バーミキュライト、ピートモス(peat moss)、オタネニンジン養直苗などに使用する原野土、薬土(オタネニンジン専用堆肥)を使用する。
オタネニンジン苗を生産するための播種は、多段栽培床20の栽培床21にオタネニンジン苗生産用床土を入れ、慣行露地の場合と同様の時期である11月中に播種を施す。既存のオタネニンジン苗圃と同様の方法で長尺の作溝器を用いて播種溝を作り、開匣(種の殻を剥く)処理された種子を入れて周囲を用土で覆った後、ふるいにかけた砂を1cm程度覆土する。覆土の後には灌水を十分に施し、冬季に水分の蒸発を防ぐためにビニールで被覆して管理する。
上述のようにオタネニンジン苗の移植を完了した後には、約1cm砂で覆土する。このように覆土した砂は、上面を鎮圧して用土の毛細管現象を良くし、用土上面の水分蒸発を減らすという効果がある。
水分管理は直接確認する方法もよいが、土壌水分張力計を設置して管理すればさらに正確な水分管理を行うことができる。多段において、オタネニンジン苗生産用として製造した用土は一般土壌とは異なる物性を持っているので、土壌水分張力計を用いて潅水時点を25kPa内外に管理すると、適切な水分を維持することができる。
オタネニンジン苗は、翌年11月初めに収穫して本圃に移植するが、多段栽培床20の栽培床21に充填された用土に薬土を5重量%内外に補充した後、更に播種を施す。オタネニンジン苗生産のための用土は、2回程度使用した後、有孔パイプ23の両端に蒸気殺菌システムの蒸気吐出パイプを連結して熱い蒸気(80〜95℃)で殺菌して再使用するか、或いは新しい用土で取り替える。
上述したような水分管理は、栽培床21に設置された土壌水分張力計の信号によってポンプ41が駆動されるとともに、給水ライン42の第1開閉弁42aおよび第2開閉弁42bが開放されるので、給水タンク40の水が所定の多段栽培床20全体或いは所定の多段栽培床20の所定の栽培床21のみに給水される。このように多段栽培床20またはその栽培床21に給水されることにより、土壌の下部に埋設された有孔パイプ23に水が染み込むことになり、このように有孔パイプ23に染み込んだ水は排水パイプ31を介して集水井30に集められる。
Claims (3)
- 屋根に雨よけ用ビニールが設置され、該ビニール上には二重織の第1日よけ幕が設置され、正面、背面および左右側面には円滑な空気流れのために二重織の第2日よけ幕が設置されている、ビニールハウスまたは温室である施設物と;
該施設物内に所定の幅で離隔して配列され、3段以上の栽培床が設けられる多数の多段栽培床と;
前記施設物の一方側に給水タンクが設けられ、該給水タンクからポンプを介してそれぞれの多段栽培床に至るまで給水ラインが設けられ、前記多段栽培床から各栽培床に分岐されて均一に点滴管が配列設置される給水装置と;
前記施設物内の上部である多段栽培床の最上段上の空気を換気または流動させることができるように施設物の天井に設けられる換気窓およびエア流動ファンと;
最下段の栽培床を除いた栽培床の下部に設けられ、各栽培床の真下に位置する栽培床を照らす補助光源と;を含んでなり、
前記多段栽培床は、長方形の長い直方体であって、支持フレームに載せる3段以上の栽培床を含んでなり、
前記栽培床は、その内部底に長手方向に蒸気殺菌および排水用の有孔パイプを設けており、前記有孔パイプは、いずれか一方側から1〜5°の角度で傾けて設けられており、
前記有孔パイプの外面には、排水が行われ且つ土壌遺失が防止できる不織布が被せられ、
前記栽培床には、該有孔パイプが埋め込み可能な程度に排水資材たるパーライトを充填し、その上にオタネニンジン栽培用土壌を充填してあり、
前記パーライトと土壌との間には、パーライトに土壌が混合されないようにする排水用網が設けられることを特徴とする多段栽培床を用いたオーガニック・オタネニンジンの連続栽培システム。 - 前記多段栽培床は、サンドイッチパネル(sandwich panel)から形成されるものであって、オタネニンジン苗の生産に適するように隣り合う栽培床間の上下間隔が50cmであり、底部パネルの幅は100cmであり、前記底部パネルの各端に立てられる隔壁高さは底部パネルの内面底からの35±5cmであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の多段栽培床を用いたオーガニック・オタネニンジンの連続栽培システム。
- 前記多段栽培床は、サンドイッチパネルから形成されるものであって、低年根および高年根の生産に適するように隣り合う栽培床間の上下間隔が1mであり、底部パネルの幅は1mであり、前記底部パネルの各端に立てられる隔壁高さは底部パネルの内面底からの50cmであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の多段栽培床を用いたオーガニック・オタネニンジンの連続栽培システム。
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KR1020120105150A KR101429350B1 (ko) | 2012-09-21 | 2012-09-21 | 다단재배상을 이용한 유기농 인삼 연속재배시스템 |
KR10-2012-0105150 | 2012-09-21 | ||
PCT/KR2013/008351 WO2014046433A1 (ko) | 2012-09-21 | 2013-09-16 | 다단재배상을 이용한 유기농 인삼 연속재배시스템 |
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JP (1) | JP6088650B2 (ja) |
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CN103918505A (zh) * | 2014-05-08 | 2014-07-16 | 普洱南药庄园科技有限公司 | 一种白及育苗棚 |
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KR101429350B1 (ko) | 2014-08-13 |
CA2879614A1 (en) | 2014-03-27 |
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CA2879614C (en) | 2017-05-23 |
CN104619162A (zh) | 2015-05-13 |
CN104619162B (zh) | 2017-07-14 |
KR20140039412A (ko) | 2014-04-02 |
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