JP6085608B2 - エアロゾルの出力の分析及び制御 - Google Patents
エアロゾルの出力の分析及び制御 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6085608B2 JP6085608B2 JP2014530352A JP2014530352A JP6085608B2 JP 6085608 B2 JP6085608 B2 JP 6085608B2 JP 2014530352 A JP2014530352 A JP 2014530352A JP 2014530352 A JP2014530352 A JP 2014530352A JP 6085608 B2 JP6085608 B2 JP 6085608B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- aerosol
- output
- density
- generator
- period
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 title claims description 161
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001739 density measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 239000006199 nebulizer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004980 dosimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012377 drug delivery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002651 drug therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000917 particle-image velocimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M11/00—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
- A61M11/005—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes using ultrasonics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
- B05B12/08—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means
- B05B12/082—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area responsive to condition of liquid or other fluent material to be discharged, of ambient medium or of target ; responsive to condition of spray devices or of supply means, e.g. pipes, pumps or their drive means responsive to a condition of the discharged jet or spray, e.g. to jet shape, spray pattern or droplet size
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M15/00—Inhalators
- A61M15/0085—Inhalators using ultrasonics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B12/00—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area
- B05B12/004—Arrangements for controlling delivery; Arrangements for controlling the spray area comprising sensors for monitoring the delivery, e.g. by displaying the sensed value or generating an alarm
- B05B12/006—Pressure or flow rate sensors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B17/00—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups
- B05B17/04—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods
- B05B17/06—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations
- B05B17/0607—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/74—Devices for measuring flow of a fluid or flow of a fluent solid material in suspension in another fluid
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/76—Devices for measuring mass flow of a fluid or a fluent solid material
- G01F1/86—Indirect mass flowmeters, e.g. measuring volume flow and density, temperature or pressure
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
- A61M2205/3306—Optical measuring means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
- A61M2205/3379—Masses, volumes, levels of fluids in reservoirs, flow rates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B17/00—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups
- B05B17/04—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods
- B05B17/06—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations
- B05B17/0607—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers
- B05B17/0638—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers spray being produced by discharging the liquid or other fluent material through a plate comprising a plurality of orifices
- B05B17/0646—Vibrating plates, i.e. plates being directly subjected to the vibrations, e.g. having a piezoelectric transducer attached thereto
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
- G01N15/075—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions by optical means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N2015/0023—Investigating dispersion of liquids
- G01N2015/0026—Investigating dispersion of liquids in gas, e.g. fog
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Details Or Accessories Of Spraying Plant Or Apparatus (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201161536107P | 2011-09-19 | 2011-09-19 | |
| US61/536,107 | 2011-09-19 | ||
| PCT/IB2012/054683 WO2013042002A1 (en) | 2011-09-19 | 2012-09-10 | Analysis and control of aerosol output |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2014528069A JP2014528069A (ja) | 2014-10-23 |
| JP2014528069A5 JP2014528069A5 (enExample) | 2015-10-08 |
| JP6085608B2 true JP6085608B2 (ja) | 2017-02-22 |
Family
ID=47172826
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014530352A Expired - Fee Related JP6085608B2 (ja) | 2011-09-19 | 2012-09-10 | エアロゾルの出力の分析及び制御 |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9586223B2 (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP2744599B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP6085608B2 (enExample) |
| CN (1) | CN103826756B (enExample) |
| MX (1) | MX343900B (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO2013042002A1 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (31)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9027385B2 (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2015-05-12 | Saban Ventures Pty Limited | Aerosol sensor |
| US10857311B2 (en) | 2010-01-12 | 2020-12-08 | Omega Life Science Ltd. | Method and apparatus for producing fine concentrated aerosol |
| MX2014004906A (es) | 2011-10-28 | 2014-06-05 | Koninkl Philips Nv | Analisis y control de flujo de aerosol. |
| DE102014104996A1 (de) * | 2014-04-08 | 2015-10-08 | Marco Systemanalyse Und Entwicklung Gmbh | Dosierventil |
| EP3206740B1 (en) | 2014-10-13 | 2020-04-29 | Omega Life Science Ltd | Nebulizers |
| GB2532741A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2016-06-01 | Norman Pendred And Company Ltd | Method and apparatus for monitoring fog density |
| WO2016197300A1 (zh) * | 2015-06-08 | 2016-12-15 | 杜晨光 | 一种高精度的微型化颗粒物传感器 |
| CA3019203A1 (en) | 2016-03-24 | 2017-09-28 | Trudell Medical International | Respiratory care system with electronic indicator |
| WO2017192767A1 (en) | 2016-05-03 | 2017-11-09 | Pneuma Respiratory, Inc. | Droplet delivery device for delivery of fluids to the pulmonary system and methods of use |
| EP3871717B1 (en) | 2016-05-19 | 2023-11-08 | Trudell Medical International | Smart valved holding chamber |
| CA3028604C (en) | 2016-07-08 | 2023-12-05 | Trudell Medical International | Smart oscillating positive expiratory pressure device |
| DE102016115228B4 (de) * | 2016-08-17 | 2021-12-16 | Kriwan Industrie-Elektronik Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Überwachung eines Ölspiegels in einer Maschine |
| US11937647B2 (en) | 2016-09-09 | 2024-03-26 | Rai Strategic Holdings, Inc. | Fluidic control for an aerosol delivery device |
| MX2019006702A (es) | 2016-12-09 | 2019-08-01 | Trudell Medical Int | Nebulizador inteligente. |
| US10486179B2 (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2019-11-26 | L'oreal | Dispensers with sensors to detect surfaces and surface characteristics |
| DE102017203192A1 (de) * | 2017-02-28 | 2018-08-30 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Aerosoldeposition und Vorrichtung |
| EP3675730A1 (en) | 2017-09-01 | 2020-07-08 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Sensing system for respirator |
| EP3675972A4 (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2021-06-09 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | FIT TEST PROCEDURE FOR RESPIRATOR WITH SENSING SYSTEM |
| US11534632B2 (en) | 2017-09-01 | 2022-12-27 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Fit-test method for respirator with sensing system |
| BR112020004233A2 (pt) | 2017-09-01 | 2020-09-01 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | elemento de detecção para respirador |
| AU2019205865B2 (en) | 2018-01-04 | 2024-11-28 | Trudell Medical International Inc. | Smart oscillating positive expiratory pressure device |
| US11395890B2 (en) | 2018-06-04 | 2022-07-26 | Trudell Medical International | Smart valved holding chamber |
| CA3103870A1 (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2020-01-09 | Felix WIEGANDT | Device and method for determining an aerosol delivery |
| DK3766588T3 (da) | 2019-07-19 | 2023-02-27 | Intelligent Agricultural Solutions Llc | Sprøjtestråleovervågning |
| ES2807698B2 (es) * | 2019-08-23 | 2022-01-03 | Igncyerto S L | Dispositivo y metodo de medicion de dosis en inhaladores de polvo seco |
| JP7692895B2 (ja) | 2019-08-27 | 2025-06-16 | トゥルーデル メディカル インターナショナル インコーポレイテッド | 振動型呼気陽圧器具 |
| TWI793596B (zh) * | 2020-05-08 | 2023-02-21 | 微邦科技股份有限公司 | 用於估計使用者的吸入劑量的方法 |
| US12409650B2 (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2025-09-09 | National Technology & Engineering Solutions Of Sandia, Llc | Optical measurement system for real-time process monitoring of aerosol jet printing |
| WO2022079249A1 (en) | 2020-10-16 | 2022-04-21 | Vectura Delivery Devices Limited | Method for detecting the presence of liquid in a vibrating membrane nebulizer |
| CN115569274A (zh) * | 2022-11-03 | 2023-01-06 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | 雾化器及其控制方法、装置和存储介质 |
| EP4652868A1 (en) * | 2024-05-23 | 2025-11-26 | Imperial Tobacco Limited | Aerosol generating apparatus |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5951343B2 (ja) * | 1979-12-18 | 1984-12-13 | 川崎製鉄株式会社 | 鋼板塗装における塗布量制御装置 |
| JPS58500381A (ja) * | 1981-03-16 | 1983-03-10 | マウント アイザ マインズ リミテツド | 粒状物質のバルク密度の測定 |
| US7628339B2 (en) * | 1991-04-24 | 2009-12-08 | Novartis Pharma Ag | Systems and methods for controlling fluid feed to an aerosol generator |
| US6158431A (en) * | 1998-02-13 | 2000-12-12 | Tsi Incorporated | Portable systems and methods for delivery of therapeutic material to the pulmonary system |
| US6305777B1 (en) | 1998-08-04 | 2001-10-23 | Sarnoff Corporation | Apparatus and method for measurement of a liquid droplet |
| DE10226334B4 (de) | 2002-06-13 | 2005-09-01 | Pari GmbH Spezialisten für effektive Inhalation | Vorrichtung zur Erfassung von Parametern eines Aerosols, insbesondere bei Inhalationstherapiegeräten |
| JP4029794B2 (ja) | 2003-07-29 | 2008-01-09 | Toto株式会社 | エアロゾル粒子濃度測定方法、装置およびそれを備える複合構造物作製装置 |
| CN101693132B (zh) * | 2004-04-02 | 2013-05-22 | 美国政府健康及人类服务部,疾病控制和预防中心 | 气雾化输送系统和方法 |
| US8154711B1 (en) * | 2004-10-01 | 2012-04-10 | Ingo Werner Scheer | Spray diagnostic and control method and system |
| US7804064B2 (en) * | 2004-10-01 | 2010-09-28 | The George Washington University | In-situ droplet monitoring for self-tuning spectrometers |
| JP4568800B2 (ja) * | 2004-12-17 | 2010-10-27 | 国立大学法人埼玉大学 | 小滴の状態計測装置及び該装置におけるカメラの校正方法 |
| DE102005010847B4 (de) | 2005-03-07 | 2007-08-02 | Rea Elektronik Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Messung einer austretenden Flüssigkeit |
| JP5207679B2 (ja) | 2006-08-01 | 2013-06-12 | キヤノン株式会社 | 薬剤吐出装置 |
| CN101495168A (zh) | 2006-08-01 | 2009-07-29 | 佳能株式会社 | 药物喷射设备 |
| ATE523262T1 (de) | 2007-10-10 | 2011-09-15 | Ep Systems Sa | Adaptives steuersystem für einen piezoelektrischen aktor |
| US9296874B2 (en) | 2011-04-28 | 2016-03-29 | Ticona Llc | Polyacetal compositions and molded products made therefrom |
-
2012
- 2012-09-10 JP JP2014530352A patent/JP6085608B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-09-10 MX MX2014003143A patent/MX343900B/es active IP Right Grant
- 2012-09-10 EP EP12784326.6A patent/EP2744599B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2012-09-10 CN CN201280045600.9A patent/CN103826756B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-09-10 US US14/344,409 patent/US9586223B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-09-10 WO PCT/IB2012/054683 patent/WO2013042002A1/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2013042002A1 (en) | 2013-03-28 |
| CN103826756A (zh) | 2014-05-28 |
| JP2014528069A (ja) | 2014-10-23 |
| EP2744599B1 (en) | 2016-07-13 |
| CN103826756B (zh) | 2017-03-01 |
| US20140339323A1 (en) | 2014-11-20 |
| MX343900B (es) | 2016-11-28 |
| EP2744599A1 (en) | 2014-06-25 |
| MX2014003143A (es) | 2014-04-30 |
| US9586223B2 (en) | 2017-03-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP6085608B2 (ja) | エアロゾルの出力の分析及び制御 | |
| US6357671B1 (en) | Ultrasonic nebulizer | |
| CN100592893C (zh) | 液滴检测器系统 | |
| EP3307366B1 (en) | Spray delivery device with air flow sensing | |
| CN103889488B (zh) | 对气溶胶流的分析与控制 | |
| EP2632519B1 (en) | A nebulizer, a control unit for controlling the same, and a method of controlling a nebulizer | |
| US20110079220A1 (en) | Detection System and Method for Aerosol Delivery | |
| JP6085306B2 (ja) | ネブライザ、これを制御する制御ユニット及びネブライザの動作方法 | |
| JP7543561B2 (ja) | 振動膜噴霧器における液体の存在を検出する方法 | |
| JPH09127244A (ja) | 超音波センサ及びこれを用いた分注装置 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20150820 |
|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20150820 |
|
| A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20160525 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20160531 |
|
| A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20160829 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20161129 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20170112 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20170130 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 6085608 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |