JP6072145B2 - Manufacturing method of bearing ring - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a bearing ring, a bearing ring, and a rolling bearing, and more specifically, while suppressing the manufacturing cost of a quenching device, the quench hardening layer is formed along the rolling surface by induction hardening. Manufacturing method of bearing ring that can be uniformly formed over the entire length, rolling bearing bearing ring in which a hardened hardened layer is formed along the rolling surface by induction hardening, and rolling provided with the bearing ring It relates to bearings.

  Induction hardening may be employed as a hardening treatment for the rolling rings of rolling bearings made of steel. This induction hardening can simplify the equipment and heat treatment in a short time compared to the general quench hardening process in which the race is heated in the furnace and then immersed in a coolant such as oil. It has the advantage of becoming.

  However, in induction hardening, in order to simultaneously heat the annular region to be hardened and hardened along the raceway surface of the raceway, it is necessary to inductively heat the raceway so as to face the raceway surface. It is necessary to arrange an induction heating member such as a coil. For this reason, when quenching and hardening a large race, a large coil corresponding to that and a large-capacity power source corresponding to the coil are required, which increases the production cost of the quenching apparatus.

As a measure for avoiding such a problem, there is a case where moving quenching using a small induction heating coil is employed. In this moving quenching, high-frequency induction heating is performed using a coil that is arranged to face a part of the annular region to be heated of the race and moves relatively along the region, and is heated. By spraying a coolant such as water immediately after passing through the coil to the region, the region is sequentially hardened and hardened. However, when this moving quenching is simply adopted, the coil turns once from the quenching start area (quenching start area) and finally quenches the area where quenching should be performed (quenching end area). When hardening, the quenching start area and the quenching end area partially overlap. For this reason, there is a concern about occurrence of quench cracks due to re-quenching of the overlapped region. The region adjacent to the overlapping region, since it is tempered by being heated to a temperature of less than ₁ point A along with the heating of the quenching termination region, there is a possibility that the hardness is lowered. Therefore, when moving quenching is employed, it is common to take measures to leave a region (soft zone) where quenching is not performed between the quenching start region and the quenching end region. This soft zone has low yield strength due to low hardness, and insufficient wear resistance. Therefore, when a soft zone is formed on the race, it is necessary to consider that the soft zone does not become a load region.

  On the other hand, after carrying out the above moving quenching to form a soft zone, a method has been proposed in which a region corresponding to the soft zone is excised and a hardened plug body is fitted in the region (for example, , See Patent Document 1). Thereby, it can avoid that the soft zone with low hardness remains.

  In addition, a method of avoiding the formation of a soft zone by using two coils that move in opposite directions in the circumferential direction of the raceway has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 2). In this method, the quenching is started in a state where the two coils are arranged adjacent to each other, and the quenching is finished at a position where the two coils meet again, thereby avoiding the formation of a soft zone and re-quenching. It is also possible to avoid the occurrence of a region to be generated.

JP-A-6-17823 JP-A-6-2003326

  However, the method disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a problem that the number of man-hours for manufacturing the race is significantly increased. Further, in the method disclosed in Patent Document 2, the residual stress accompanying quench hardening is concentrated in the region that is finally quenched, and there is a concern about the occurrence of heat treatment distortion and quench cracking.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and its purpose is to suppress the production cost of the quenching apparatus and to completely cure the quench hardened layer along the rolling surface by induction quenching. A method for manufacturing a bearing ring that can be formed uniformly over the circumference, a bearing ring for a rolling bearing in which a hardened hardened layer is formed along the rolling surface by induction hardening, and the bearing ring. It is to provide a rolling bearing.

A method for manufacturing a bearing ring according to one aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a bearing ring of either a cylindrical roller bearing or a tapered roller bearing. The method of manufacturing this bearing ring includes 0.43 to 0.65 mass% carbon, 0.15 to 0.35 mass% silicon, and 0.60 to 1.10 mass%. % Of manganese, 0.30% by mass or more and 1.20% by mass or less of chromium, and 0.15% by mass or more and 0.75% by mass or less of molybdenum, and the balance iron and impurities. And an induction heating member that is arranged to face a part of the annular region that is to be a rolling surface of the race ring in the molded body, and for induction heating the induction body. A step of forming an annular heating region heated to a temperature of at least _one point A on the formed body by relatively rotating along the direction, and a step of simultaneously cooling the entire heating region to a temperature of not more than the _MS point And cooling after the step of forming the heating region Before extent, and held in a state where the molded body is heated it is stopped, and a step of suppressing the variation in temperature in the circumferential direction in the heating region to the 20 ° C. or less.

Moreover, the manufacturing method of the bearing ring according to another aspect of the present invention is a manufacturing method of the bearing ring of either a cylindrical roller bearing or a tapered roller bearing. The method of manufacturing this bearing ring includes 0.43 to 0.65 mass% carbon, 0.15 to 0.35 mass% silicon, and 0.60 to 1.10 mass%. % Manganese, 0.30 mass% or more and 1.20 mass% or less chromium, 0.15 mass% or more and 0.75 mass% or less molybdenum, 0.35 mass% or more and 0.75 mass% or less A step of preparing a formed body made of steel composed of the remaining iron and impurities, and a portion of the annular region that is to be a rolling surface of the raceway in the formed body. A step of forming an annular heating region heated to a temperature of at least _one point A on the molded body by relatively rotating an induction heating member for induction heating of the molded body along the circumferential direction of the annular region; simultaneously cooling the entire heating region to a temperature below M _S point After the step of forming and the step of forming the heating region, and before the step of cooling, the molded body is held in a state where heating is stopped, and the temperature variation in the circumferential direction in the heating region is suppressed to 20 ° C. or less. Process.

In the method for manufacturing a raceway ring according to the present invention, the induction heating member arranged so as to face a part of the annular region to be a rolling surface relatively rotates along the circumferential direction, thereby forming a molded body. A heating region is formed. Therefore, it is possible to employ a small induction heating member with respect to the outer shape of the race. As a result, the manufacturing cost of the quenching device can be suppressed even when a large raceway is quenched and hardened. In the method for manufacturing a bearing ring according to the present invention, the entire heating region is simultaneously cooled to a temperature below the _MS point. Therefore, it is possible to simultaneously form a hardened hardened layer along the rolling surface over the entire circumference, and the residual stress is suppressed from being concentrated in a part of the region. Furthermore, in the method of manufacturing a bearing ring according to the present invention, steel having an appropriate component composition that can realize sufficiently high hardness by quench hardening and can suppress quench cracking while ensuring high hardenability. Is adopted as a material. As described above, according to the method for manufacturing a bearing ring of the present invention, the quench hardened layer is uniformly formed along the rolling surface along the rolling surface by induction hardening while suppressing the manufacturing cost of the quenching apparatus. Can do.

  Here, the reason why the component range of steel constituting the formed body, that is, the component range of steel constituting the manufactured race is limited to the above range will be described.

Carbon: 0.43 mass% or more and 0.65% mass% or less The carbon content greatly affects the hardness of the raceway of the raceway after quench hardening. If the carbon content of the steel constituting the formed body (bearing ring) is less than 0.43% by mass, it will be difficult to impart sufficient hardness to the rolling surface after quench hardening. On the other hand, when the carbon content exceeds 0.65% by mass, there is a concern about generation of cracks (quenching cracks) during quench hardening. Therefore, the carbon content is set to 0.43% by mass or more and 0.65% by mass or less.

Silicon: 0.15 mass% or more and 0.35 mass% or less Silicon contributes to the improvement of the temper softening resistance of steel. When the silicon content of the steel constituting the compact (race ring) is less than 0.15% by mass, the temper softening resistance becomes insufficient, and tempering after quench hardening and temperature rise during use of the race ring There is a possibility that the hardness of the rolling surface will be significantly reduced. On the other hand, if the silicon content exceeds 0.35% by mass, the hardness of the material before quenching is increased, and the workability in cold working when the material is formed into a raceway is reduced. Therefore, the silicon content is set to 0.15 mass% or more and 0.35 mass% or less.

Manganese: 0.60% by mass or more and 1.10% by mass or less Manganese contributes to improvement of hardenability of steel. If the manganese content is less than 0.60% by mass, this effect cannot be sufficiently obtained. On the other hand, if the manganese content exceeds 1.10% by mass, the hardness of the material before quenching increases, and the workability in cold working decreases. Therefore, manganese content was made into 0.60 mass% or more and 1.10 mass% or less.

Chromium: 0.30% by mass or more and 1.20% by mass or less Chromium contributes to improvement of hardenability of steel. If the chromium content is less than 0.30% by mass, this effect cannot be sufficiently obtained. On the other hand, when the chromium content exceeds 1.20% by mass, there arises a problem that the material cost increases. Therefore, the chromium content is set to 0.30% by mass or more and 1.20% by mass or less.

Molybdenum: 0.15 mass% or more and 0.75 mass% or less Molybdenum also contributes to improving the hardenability of the steel. If the molybdenum content is less than 0.15% by mass, this effect cannot be sufficiently obtained. On the other hand, when the molybdenum content exceeds 0.75% by mass, there arises a problem that the material cost increases. Therefore, the molybdenum content is set to 0.15 mass% or more and 0.75 mass% or less.

Nickel: 0.35 mass% or more and 0.75 mass% or less Nickel also contributes to improvement of hardenability of steel. Nickel is not an essential component in the steel constituting the raceway ring of the present invention, but may be added when the steel constituting the raceway ring requires particularly high hardenability, such as when the outer shape of the raceway ring is large. it can. If the nickel content is less than 0.35% by mass, the effect of improving hardenability cannot be obtained sufficiently. On the other hand, if the nickel content exceeds 0.75% by mass, the amount of retained austenite after quenching increases, which may cause a decrease in hardness and a decrease in dimensional stability. Therefore, it is preferable to add in the range of 0.35 mass% or more and 0.75 mass% or less to the steel constituting the race.

  The method for manufacturing a bearing ring may further include a step of performing a normalizing process on the molded body before the step of forming the heating region.

  In a raceway ring that is manufactured by partially quenching and hardening the region including the rolling surface by induction hardening, it has a hardness that can secure a predetermined strength even in a region that is not hardened (non-hardened region). Need to be. And in order to ensure predetermined | prescribed hardness in a non-hardening area | region, after performing the quenching process to the whole molded object (track ring) before an induction hardening process, you may implement a tempering process further. However, when steel having the above-described component composition having a relatively high carbon content and high hardenability is employed as a material as described above, there is a problem that quench cracking is likely to occur. On the other hand, in a molded body made of steel having the above component composition, sufficient hardness can be ensured by normalizing treatment. Therefore, instead of securing the hardness by the quenching and tempering, an appropriate hardness can be imparted to the non-cured region by performing the normalizing treatment before the induction hardening.

  In the above-described method for manufacturing a bearing ring, in the step of performing the normalizing process, the shot blasting process may be performed while the molded body is cooled by spraying hard particles together with gas on the molded body.

  Thus, the shot blasting process can be performed simultaneously with the gust cooling at the normalizing process. Therefore, the scale generated in the surface layer portion of the compact is removed by the heating of the normalizing process, and the deterioration of the characteristics of the raceway due to the generation of the scale and the decrease of the thermal conductivity due to the generation of the scale are suppressed.

  In the method for manufacturing a race, the induction heating member may relatively rotate two or more times along the circumferential direction of the molded body in the step of forming the heating region. Thereby, the dispersion | variation in the temperature in the circumferential direction of a rolling surface can be suppressed, and homogeneous quench hardening can be implement | achieved.

  In the above-described method for manufacturing a race, a plurality of induction heating members may be arranged along the circumferential direction of the molded body in the step of forming the heating region. Thereby, the dispersion | variation in the temperature in the circumferential direction of a rolling surface can be suppressed, and homogeneous quench hardening can be implement | achieved.

  In the method for manufacturing a race, the temperature at a plurality of locations in the heating region may be measured in the step of forming the heating region. Thereby, after confirming that homogeneous heating has been realized in the circumferential direction of the rolling surface, quenching and hardening can be performed. As a result, uniform quenching hardening can be realized in the circumferential direction of the rolling surface.

A bearing ring according to one aspect of the present invention is a bearing ring of a cylindrical roller taper or a tapered roller bearing, and is manufactured by the method for manufacturing a bearing ring of the present invention, and has an inner diameter of 1000 mm or more. According to the race in one aspect of the present invention, the hardened hardened layer is rolled by the induction hardening while the cost of the heat treatment is suppressed by being manufactured by the method for manufacturing the race according to the present invention. A large-sized race ring formed uniformly along the entire circumference can be provided.

  A bearing ring according to another aspect of the present invention is a rolling bearing bearing ring having an inner diameter of 1000 mm or more. This bearing ring has a carbon content of 0.43% to 0.65% by mass, silicon of 0.15% to 0.35% by mass, and 0.60% to 1.10% by mass of silicon. Containing manganese, 0.30 mass% or more and 1.20 mass% or less chromium, and 0.15 mass% or more and 0.75 mass% or less molybdenum, the balance being made of steel consisting of iron and impurities, high frequency A quench hardening layer is formed along the rolling surface over the entire circumference by quenching.

  The bearing ring in still another aspect of the present invention is a rolling bearing bearing ring having an inner diameter of 1000 mm or more. This bearing ring has a carbon content of 0.43% to 0.65% by mass, silicon of 0.15% to 0.35% by mass, and 0.60% to 1.10% by mass of silicon. Manganese, 0.30 mass% or more and 1.20 mass% or less chromium, 0.15 mass% or more and 0.75 mass% or less molybdenum, 0.35 mass% or more and 0.75 mass% or less nickel The hardened layer is formed over the entire circumference along the rolling surface by induction hardening.

  In the raceway in the above-mentioned other aspects and still another aspect, a hardened hardened layer is formed over the entire circumference along the rolling surface by induction hardening. Therefore, the raceway in the above-mentioned other aspects and still another aspect is a raceway with excellent durability that can make any region of the rolling contact surface a load region. In addition, in the raceway in the above-mentioned other aspects and still another aspect, an appropriate component that can realize sufficiently high hardness by quench hardening and can suppress quench cracking while ensuring high hardenability. Steel having a composition is adopted as a material. As described above, according to the raceway in another aspect and still another aspect of the present invention, a large raceway excellent in durability can be provided.

A cylindrical roller bearing or a tapered roller bearing according to the present invention includes an inner ring, an outer ring arranged so as to surround the outer peripheral side of the inner ring, and a plurality of rolling elements arranged between the inner ring and the outer ring. . At least one of the inner ring and the outer ring is the raceway ring according to the present invention.

  According to the rolling bearing of the present invention, a large-sized rolling bearing having excellent durability can be provided by including the raceway of the present invention.

  In the wind power generator, the rolling bearing is a rolling device that rotatably supports the main shaft with respect to the housing by fixing the main shaft connected to the blade through the inner ring and fixing the outer ring with respect to the housing. It can be used as a bearing (rolling bearing for wind power generator). The rolling bearing of the present invention, which is a large rolling bearing having excellent durability, is suitable as a rolling bearing for a wind power generator.

Note that the _point A when heated steel refers to a point that the structure of the steel corresponds to the temperature to start the transformation from ferrite to austenite. Further, the M _s point means a point corresponding to a temperature at which martensite formation starts when the austenitized steel is cooled.

  As is apparent from the above description, according to the method for manufacturing a bearing ring, the bearing ring and the rolling bearing of the present invention, the quench hardened layer is formed on the rolling surface by induction hardening while suppressing the manufacturing cost of the quenching apparatus. A method of manufacturing a bearing ring that can be uniformly formed over the entire circumference along the circumference, a rolling bearing race ring in which a hardened hardened layer is formed over the entire circumference along the rolling surface by induction hardening, and the race A rolling bearing having a ring can be provided.

It is a flowchart which shows the outline of the manufacturing method of a rolling bearing inner ring | wheel. It is the schematic for demonstrating a hardening hardening process. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the cross section along line segment III-III of FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining a quench hardening process in a second embodiment. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram for explaining a quench hardening process in a third embodiment. It is the schematic which shows the structure of the wind power generator provided with the rolling bearing for wind power generators. It is a schematic sectional drawing which expands and shows the periphery of the spindle bearing in FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following drawings, the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will not be repeated.

(Embodiment 1)
First, Embodiment 1 which is one embodiment of the present invention will be described by taking as an example a method for manufacturing an inner ring which is a bearing ring of a rolling bearing. Referring to FIG. 1, in the inner ring manufacturing method according to the present embodiment, a molded body preparation step is first performed as a step (S <b> 10). In this step (S10), 0.43% to 0.65% by mass of carbon, 0.15% to 0.35% by mass of silicon, and 0.60% to 1.10% by mass. A steel material containing the following manganese, 0.30 mass% or more and 1.20 mass% or less chromium, and 0.15 mass% or more and 0.75 mass% or less molybdenum, and the balance iron and impurities is prepared. By performing processing such as forging and turning, a molded body having a shape corresponding to a desired shape of the inner ring is produced. More specifically, a molded body corresponding to the shape of the inner ring having an inner diameter of 1000 mm or more is produced. Here, when the inner ring to be manufactured is particularly large and high hardenability is required for the steel, a steel material in which 0.35 mass% or more and 0.75 mass% or less of nickel is added in addition to the above alloy components is adopted. Also good. Examples of the steel satisfying the above component composition include JIS standard SUP13, SCM445, SAE standard 8660H and the like.

Next, a normalizing step is performed as a step (S20). In this step (S20), after the fabricated molded body is heated to a temperature not lower than the A ₁ transformation point in the step (S10), the normalizing process by being cooled to a temperature below the A ₁ transformation point implementation Is done. At this time, the cooling rate at the time of cooling in the normalizing process may be a cooling rate at which the steel constituting the formed body is not transformed into martensite, that is, a cooling rate lower than the critical cooling rate. The hardness of the molded body after the normalizing treatment is high when the cooling rate is large, and is low when the cooling rate is small. Therefore, desired hardness can be imparted to the molded body by adjusting the cooling rate.

Next, with reference to FIG. 1, a quench hardening process is implemented. This quench hardening process includes an induction heating process performed as the process (S30) and a cooling process performed as the process (S40). In step (S30), referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, coil 21 as the induction heating member is a part of rolling surface 11 (annular region) that is a surface on which rolling element should roll in molded body 10. It is arranged to face. Here, the surface of the coil 21 that faces the rolling surface 11 has a shape along the rolling surface 11 as shown in FIG. Next, the molded body 10 is rotated around the central axis, specifically in the direction of the arrow α, and a high frequency current is supplied to the coil 21 from a power source (not shown). Thereby, the surface layer region including the rolling surface 11 of the formed body 10 is induction-heated to a temperature of A ₁ point or more, and an annular heating region 11A along the rolling surface 11 is formed. At this time, the temperature of the surface of the rolling surface 11 is measured and managed by a thermometer 22 such as a radiation thermometer.

Next, in the step (S40), for example, water as a cooling liquid is sprayed onto the entire molded body 10 including the heating region 11A formed in the step (S30), so that the entire heating region 11A is M. Simultaneous cooling to a temperature below the _S point. As a result, the heating region 11A is transformed into martensite and cured. By the above procedure, induction hardening is performed and the quench hardening process is completed.

Next, a tempering step is performed as a step (S50). In this step (S50), the molded body 10 that has been quenched and hardened in steps (S30) and (S40) is charged into, for example, a furnace, heated to a temperature of A ₁ point or less, and held for a predetermined time. Thus, a tempering process is performed.

Next, a finishing step is performed as a step (S60). In this step (S60), for example, a finishing process such as a polishing process is performed on the rolling surface 11. With the above process, the inner ring of the rolling bearing is completed, and the production of the inner ring in the present embodiment is completed. As a result, referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the inner ring 10 having an inner diameter d _{3 of} 1000 mm or more and having a hardened hardened layer formed uniformly along the rolling surface 11 by induction hardening is provided. Complete.

In the present embodiment, in the step (S30), the coil 21 disposed so as to face a part of the rolling surface of the molded body 10 is relatively rotated along the circumferential direction so that the molded body 10 is A heating region 11A is formed. Therefore, it is possible to employ a small coil 21 with respect to the outer shape of the molded body 10, and the manufacturing cost of the quenching apparatus can be suppressed even when the large molded body 10 is quenched and hardened. . In the present embodiment, the entire heating area 11A is simultaneously cooled to a temperature not higher than the _MS point. Therefore, it becomes possible to form an annular quenching and hardening region that is homogeneous in the circumferential direction, and the residual stress is prevented from concentrating on a part of the region. Furthermore, in the present embodiment, steel having an appropriate component composition that can realize sufficiently high hardness by quench hardening and suppress quench cracking while ensuring high hardenability is adopted as a material. ing. As a result, the inner ring manufacturing method according to the present embodiment can uniformly form a hardened hardened layer along the rolling surface by induction hardening while suppressing the manufacturing cost of the quenching apparatus. It is a manufacturing method of a simple bearing ring.

  In addition, although the said process (S20) is not an essential process in the manufacturing method of the bearing ring of this invention, the non-hardening area | region (area | region other than a hardening hardening layer) of the bearing ring manufactured by implementing this is carried out. The hardness of can be adjusted. The adjustment of the hardness of the non-cured region can be achieved by performing a quenching process and a tempering process instead of the step (S20). However, in the present embodiment, steel having the above-described component composition having a relatively high carbon content and high hardenability is adopted as a material, and therefore, cracking is likely to occur. Therefore, it is preferable to carry out a normalizing process as the step (S20) for adjusting the hardness of the non-cured region.

  Moreover, in the said process (S20), a hard particle is sprayed with the gas to the molded object 10, and a shot blast process may be implemented, cooling the molded object 10. FIG. Thus, the shot blasting process can be performed simultaneously with the gust cooling at the normalizing process. Therefore, the scale generated in the surface layer portion of the molded body 10 due to the heating of the normalizing treatment is removed, and the deterioration of the characteristics of the raceway due to the generation of the scale and the decrease of the thermal conductivity due to the generation of the scale are suppressed. Here, as hard particle | grains (projection material), the metal particle | grains which consist of steel, cast iron, etc. are employable, for example.

  Further, in the step (S30), the molded body 10 may be rotated at least once. However, in order to suppress temperature variation in the circumferential direction and achieve more uniform quench hardening, the molded body 10 may be rotated a plurality of times. preferable. That is, it is preferable that the coil 21 as the induction heating member relatively rotate two or more times along the circumferential direction of the rolling surface of the molded body 10.

(Embodiment 2)
Next, Embodiment 2 which is another embodiment of the present invention will be described. The inner ring manufacturing method according to the second embodiment is basically performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and has the same effects. However, the inner ring manufacturing method according to the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the arrangement of the coils 21 in the step (S30).

That is, with reference to FIG. 4, in the step (S30) in the second embodiment, a pair of coils 21 is arranged with the molded body 10 interposed therebetween. And while the molded object 10 rotates in the direction of arrow (alpha), the high frequency current is supplied with respect to the coil 21 from a power supply (not shown). Thereby, the surface layer region including the rolling surface 11 of the molded body 10 is induction-heated to a temperature of A ₁ point or higher, and an annular heating region 11A along the rolling surface 11 is formed.

  As described above, by arranging a plurality (two in the present embodiment) of the coils 21 along the circumferential direction of the molded body 10, the method for manufacturing the inner ring of the rolling bearing in the second embodiment is performed in the circumferential direction. This is a method of manufacturing a bearing ring capable of suppressing temperature variation and realizing uniform quench hardening. Further, in order to further suppress the variation in temperature in the circumferential direction, the coils 21 are preferably arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the molded body 10.

(Embodiment 3)
Next, Embodiment 3 which is still another embodiment of the present invention will be described. The inner ring manufacturing method according to the third embodiment is basically performed in the same manner as in the first and second embodiments, and has the same effects. However, the inner ring manufacturing method in the third embodiment is different from the first and second embodiments in the arrangement of the thermometer 22 in the step (S30).

  That is, referring to FIG. 5, in step (S30) in the third embodiment, the temperatures at a plurality of locations (here, 4 locations) of rolling surface 11 that is the heating region are measured. More specifically, in the step (S30) of the third embodiment, a plurality of thermometers 22 are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the rolling surface 11 of the molded body 10.

  Thereby, since the temperature of several places is measured simultaneously in the circumferential direction of the rolling surface 11, after confirming that the uniform heating is implement | achieved in the circumferential direction of the rolling surface 11, the molded object 10 is rapidly cooled. A quench hardening treatment can be carried out. As a result, according to the method for manufacturing the inner ring of the rolling bearing in the third embodiment, more uniform quench hardening in the circumferential direction of the rolling surface 11 can be realized.

  In addition, in the said embodiment, although the case where the coil 21 was fixed and the molded object 10 was rotated was demonstrated, the molded object 10 may be fixed and the coil 21 may be rotated in the circumferential direction of the molded object 10, The coil 21 may be relatively rotated along the circumferential direction of the molded body 10 by rotating both the coil 21 and the molded body 10. However, since the coil 21 requires wiring for supplying a current to the coil 21, it is often reasonable to fix the coil 21 as described above.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the case where the inner ring of the radial type rolling bearing is manufactured as an example of the bearing ring has been described. However, the bearing ring to which the present invention can be applied is not limited to this, for example, a radial type rolling bearing. It may be an outer ring or a bearing ring of a thrust type bearing. Here, in the step (S20), for example, when the outer ring of the radial type rolling bearing is heated, the coil 21 may be disposed so as to face the rolling surface formed on the inner peripheral side of the molded body. Further, in the step (S20), for example, when heating the bearing ring of the thrust type rolling bearing, the coil 21 may be disposed so as to face the rolling surface formed on the end surface side of the molded body.

  Furthermore, the length of the coil 21 as the induction heating member in the circumferential direction of the molded body 10 can be appropriately determined so as to achieve efficient and uniform heating. For example, the length of the region to be heated is 1 / 12, that is, a length such that the central angle with respect to the central axis of the molded body (orbital ring) is 30 °.

Furthermore, specific conditions for induction hardening in the present invention can be set appropriately in consideration of conditions such as the size, thickness, material, and power supply capacity of the race (molded body). Specifically, for example with reference to FIG. 3, if the outer _{d 1} is 2000 mm, the inner diameter _{d 2} is 1860Mm, width t is induction hardening the rolling surface 11 of the molded body of 100 mm, the rotational speed of the molded body 30 rpm, the frequency of the power supply can be 3 kHz, and the total heating value by induction heating can be 250 kW.

Moreover, in order to suppress the variation in the temperature in the circumferential direction, it is preferable to provide a step of holding the molded body in a state where the heating is stopped after the induction heating is completed and before cooling to a temperature equal to or lower than the _MS point. . More specifically, under the shape of the molded body and the heating conditions, for example, by maintaining the state where the heating is stopped for 3 seconds after the heating is completed, the temperature variation in the circumferential direction on the surface of the heated region is changed. It can suppress to about 20 degrees C or less.

(Embodiment 4)
Next, Embodiment 4 in which the bearing ring of the present invention is used as a bearing ring constituting a bearing for a wind turbine generator (a rolling bearing for a wind turbine generator) will be described.

  Referring to FIG. 6, wind turbine generator 50 is connected to blade 52 that is a swirl blade, main shaft 51 that is connected to blade 52 at one end so as to include the central axis of blade 52, and the other end of main shaft 51. The speed-up gear 54 is provided. Further, the speed increaser 54 includes an output shaft 55, and the output shaft 55 is connected to the generator 56. The main shaft 51 is rotatably supported around the shaft by a main shaft bearing 3 which is a rolling bearing for a wind power generator. Further, a plurality of main shaft bearings 3 (two in FIG. 6) are arranged in the axial direction of the main shaft 51, and are respectively held by a housing 53. The main shaft bearing 3, the housing 53, the speed increaser 54, and the generator 56 are housed in a nacelle 59 that is a machine room. The main shaft 51 protrudes from the nacelle 59 at one end and is connected to the blade 52.

  Next, the operation of the wind power generator 50 will be described. Referring to FIG. 6, when the blade 52 rotates in the circumferential direction by receiving wind force, the main shaft 51 connected to the blade 52 rotates around the shaft while being supported by the main shaft bearing 3 with respect to the housing 53. The rotation of the main shaft 51 is transmitted to the speed increaser 54 to be accelerated, and converted into rotation around the output shaft 55. Then, the rotation of the output shaft 55 is transmitted to the generator 56, and an electromotive force is generated by the electromagnetic induction action to achieve power generation.

  Next, a support structure for the main shaft 51 of the wind turbine generator 50 will be described. Referring to FIG. 7, main shaft bearing 3 as a rolling bearing for wind power generator includes an annular outer ring 31 as a raceway of the wind bearing for rolling power generator, and wind power generation disposed on the inner peripheral side of outer ring 31. An annular inner ring 32 as a bearing ring of the rolling bearing for the device, and a plurality of rollers 33 disposed between the outer ring 31 and the inner ring 32 and held by an annular retainer 34 are provided. An outer ring rolling surface 31 </ b> A is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the outer ring 31, and two inner ring rolling surfaces 32 </ b> A are formed on the outer circumferential surface of the inner ring 32. The outer ring 31 and the inner ring 32 are arranged so that the two inner ring rolling surfaces 32A face the outer ring rolling surface 31A. Further, the plurality of rollers 33 are in contact with the outer ring rolling surface 31A and the inner ring rolling surface 32A along the two inner ring rolling surfaces 32A at the roller contact surface 33A and are held by the cage 34. By being arranged at a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction, it is rotatably held on a double row (two rows) annular track. The outer ring 31 is formed with a through hole 31E that penetrates the outer ring 31 in the radial direction. Lubricant can be supplied to the space between the outer ring 31 and the inner ring 32 through the through hole 31E. With the above configuration, the outer ring 31 and the inner ring 32 of the main shaft bearing 3 are rotatable relative to each other.

  On the other hand, the main shaft 51 connected to the blade 52 passes through the inner ring 32 of the main shaft bearing 3 and contacts the inner peripheral surface 32F of the inner ring at the outer peripheral surface 51A and is fixed to the inner ring 32. Further, the outer ring 31 of the main shaft bearing 3 is fitted into an inner wall 53 </ b> A of a through hole formed in the housing 53 so as to come into contact with the outer peripheral surface 31 </ b> F, and is fixed to the housing 53. With the above configuration, the main shaft 51 connected to the blade 52 can rotate about the shaft relative to the outer ring 31 and the housing 53 integrally with the inner ring 32.

  Further, flange portions 32E that protrude toward the outer ring 31 are formed at both ends in the width direction of the inner ring rolling surface 32A. Thereby, a load in the axial direction (axial direction) of the main shaft 51 generated when the blade 52 receives wind is supported. The outer ring rolling surface 31A has a spherical shape. Therefore, the outer ring 31 and the inner ring 32 can make an angle with each other around the center of the spherical surface in a cross section perpendicular to the rolling direction of the rollers 33. That is, the main shaft bearing 3 is a double-row self-aligning roller bearing. As a result, even when the main shaft 51 is bent due to the wind received by the blade 52, the housing 53 can stably and rotatably hold the main shaft 51 via the main shaft bearing 3.

  And the outer ring | wheel 31 and the inner ring | wheel 32 as a bearing ring of the rolling bearing for wind power generators in Embodiment 4 are manufactured by the manufacturing method of the bearing ring described in the said Embodiment 1-3, for example. The outer ring 31 and the inner ring 32 are raceways of a rolling bearing for a wind power generator having an inner diameter of 1000 mm or more. A hardened and hardened layer is uniformly formed on the outer ring 31 and the inner ring 32 over the entire circumference along the outer ring rolling surface 31A and the inner ring rolling surface 32A by induction hardening. That is, the outer ring 31 and the inner ring 32 have an inner diameter of 1000 mm or more, are formed by induction hardening, and have a hardened hardening layer having an annular shape with a uniform depth along the circumferential direction. The surface of the hardened layer is an outer ring rolling surface 31A and an inner ring rolling surface 32A, respectively. As a result, the outer ring 31 and the inner ring 32 are large-sized races in which a quench-hardened layer is uniformly formed along the rolling surface by induction hardening while suppressing the cost of heat treatment. This is a bearing ring that constitutes a bearing for a wind turbine generator that can be used even in harsh environments.

  In addition, the manufacturing method of the bearing ring of this invention is suitable for manufacture of the bearing ring of a large-sized rolling bearing. In the said Embodiment 4, although the bearing for wind power generators was demonstrated as an example of a large sized rolling bearing, the application to another large sized rolling bearing is also possible. Specifically, for example, a bearing ring of a rolling bearing for CT scanner that rotatably supports a rotating mount on which an X-ray irradiation unit of a CT scanner is installed with respect to a fixed mount arranged to face the rotating mount. The manufacturing method of the raceway of the present invention can be suitably applied to the manufacture of the above. The method for manufacturing a bearing ring according to the present invention can be applied to a bearing ring of any rolling bearing such as a deep groove ball bearing, an angular ball bearing, a cylindrical roller bearing, a tapered roller bearing, a self-aligning roller bearing, and a thrust ball bearing. It is.

  The embodiment disclosed this time is to be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

  The raceway manufacturing method, raceway ring, and rolling bearing of the present invention are raceways that are required to uniformly form a hardened hardened layer along the rolling surface while suppressing the manufacturing cost of the quenching apparatus. The present invention can be applied particularly advantageously to a method for manufacturing a ring, a rolling ring bearing ring that requires a hardened hardened layer to be formed over the entire circumference along the rolling surface, and a rolling bearing provided with the bearing ring.

  3 Main shaft bearing, 10 Molded body (inner ring), 11 Rolling surface, 11A Heating area, 21 Coil, 22 Thermometer, 31 Outer ring, 31A Outer ring rolling surface, 31E Through hole, 31F Outer surface, 32 Inner ring, 32A Inner Rolling surface, 32E collar, 32F inner peripheral surface, 33 rollers, 33A roller contact surface, 34 cage, 50 wind power generator, 51 main shaft, 51A outer peripheral surface, 52 blade, 53 housing, 53A inner wall, 54 speed increaser , 55 output shaft, 56 generator, 59 nacelle.

Claims (8)

A method of manufacturing a raceway ring of either a cylindrical roller bearing or a tapered roller bearing,
0.43 mass% or more and 0.65 mass% or less of carbon, 0.15 mass% or more and 0.35 mass% or less of silicon, 0.60 mass% or more and 1.10 mass% or less of manganese, The process of preparing the compact | molding | casting which contains 30 mass% or more and 1.20 mass% or less chromium, and 0.15 mass% or more and 0.75 mass% or less of molybdenum which consists of remainder iron and an impurity. When,
An induction heating member that is arranged so as to face a part of an annular region that is to be a rolling surface of the raceway in the molded body and that is relatively heated along a circumferential direction of the annular region. To form an annular heating region heated to a temperature of A ₁ point or more in the molded body,
Simultaneously cooling the entire heating area to a temperature below the _MS point;
After the step of forming the heating region, before the step of cooling, the molded body is held in a state where heating is stopped, and variation in the temperature in the circumferential direction in the heating region is suppressed to 20 ° C. or less. The manufacturing method of a bearing ring provided with the process to do. A method of manufacturing a raceway ring of either a cylindrical roller bearing or a tapered roller bearing,
0.43 mass% or more and 0.65 mass% or less of carbon, 0.15 mass% or more and 0.35 mass% or less of silicon, 0.60 mass% or more and 1.10 mass% or less of manganese, 30% by mass or more and 1.20% by mass or less of chromium, 0.15% by mass or more and 0.75% by mass or less of molybdenum, and 0.35% by mass or more and 0.75% by mass or less of nickel, and the balance A step of preparing a molded body composed of steel made of iron and impurities;
An induction heating member that is arranged so as to face a part of an annular region that is to be a rolling surface of the raceway in the molded body and that is relatively heated along a circumferential direction of the annular region. To form an annular heating region heated to a temperature of A ₁ point or more in the molded body,
Simultaneously cooling the entire heating area to a temperature below the _MS point;
After the step of forming the heating region, before the step of cooling, the molded body is held in a state where heating is stopped, and variation in the temperature in the circumferential direction in the heating region is suppressed to 20 ° C. or less. The manufacturing method of a bearing ring provided with the process to do.   The method for manufacturing a bearing ring according to claim 1, further comprising a step of performing a normalizing process on the molded body prior to the step of forming the heating region.   The track ring according to claim 3, wherein in the step of performing the normalizing process, shot blasting is performed while the molded body is cooled by spraying hard particles together with gas to the molded body. Production method.   The method for manufacturing a bearing ring according to claim 1, further comprising a step of performing a tempering process after performing a quenching process on the entire molded body before the step of forming the heating region. .   The track ring manufacturing according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein in the step of forming the heating region, the induction heating member relatively rotates two or more times along a circumferential direction of the molded body. Method.   The method for manufacturing a bearing ring according to claim 1, wherein in the step of forming the heating region, a plurality of the induction heating members are arranged along a circumferential direction of the molded body.   The method for manufacturing a bearing ring according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein in the step of forming the heating region, temperatures at a plurality of locations in the heating region are measured.

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