JPH10131970A - Rolling bearing and its manufacture - Google Patents

Rolling bearing and its manufacture

Info

Publication number
JPH10131970A
JPH10131970A JP28692296A JP28692296A JPH10131970A JP H10131970 A JPH10131970 A JP H10131970A JP 28692296 A JP28692296 A JP 28692296A JP 28692296 A JP28692296 A JP 28692296A JP H10131970 A JPH10131970 A JP H10131970A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
bearing
rolling
nitride layer
steel
rolling element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP28692296A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kazuhisa Kajiwara
一寿 梶原
Hiroshi Ueno
弘 上野
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koyo Seiko Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Koyo Seiko Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Koyo Seiko Co Ltd filed Critical Koyo Seiko Co Ltd
Priority to JP28692296A priority Critical patent/JPH10131970A/en
Publication of JPH10131970A publication Critical patent/JPH10131970A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/64Special methods of manufacture

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rolling bearing having a good lubricating bearing ring and rolling unit with good corrosion resistance further with generation difficult of oil film break by a uniform nitride layer and a manufacture method of the rolling bearing. SOLUTION: In a rolling bearing 1, a nitride layer N is formed in each surface of a rolling body 3 and a bearing ring 2. Before nitride treatment, an oxide in a surface, substituted for a metal fluoride film by fluoride treatment, is removed. The metal fluoride film prevents generation of the oxide. This surface is applied with nitride treatment. The nitride layer N is formed finely uniformly sufficiently formed in each surface, to hold its smoothness, an oil film break in each part is prevented. In this way, the fine uniform smooth nitride layer N can be stably formed, corrosion resistance is provided.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、転がり軸受とその
製造方法に関する。特に、軌道輪および転動体に関す
る。
[0001] The present invention relates to a rolling bearing and a method of manufacturing the same. In particular, it relates to a bearing ring and a rolling element.

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】従来か
ら、転がり軸受は、グリースによって潤滑されて使用さ
れる場合がある。このような潤滑では、グリースの油分
が軸受全体に行き渡らず、軸受に錆が生じる場合が想定
される。特に、転がり軸受が、ウォーターポンプ等の、
自動車のエンジンの補機に使用される場合等には、耐蝕
性を有することが好ましい。
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, rolling bearings are sometimes used after being lubricated with grease. With such lubrication, it is assumed that the oil content of the grease does not spread to the entire bearing and rust occurs in the bearing. In particular, rolling bearings such as water pumps,
In the case where it is used as an accessory of an automobile engine, it preferably has corrosion resistance.

【0003】また、耐蝕性を有する転がり軸受として
は、軌道輪や転動体に、いわゆるタフトライド処理と呼
ばれる、塩浴窒化、ガス窒化等の窒化処理を含む表面処
理を施すことが知られている(特開平6−341442
号公報参照)。窒化処理を施すと、潤滑性を向上できる
という利点もある。しかしながら、上述のように窒化処
理によって潤滑性を高めた軌道輪や転動体であっても、
潤滑条件のあまり良くない状況、例えば、上述のように
グリースにより潤滑された状況で使用されると、油膜切
れが生じることがあり、場合によっては、軌道輪と転動
体との間で焼き付きを生じる虞もあった。
In addition, as a rolling bearing having corrosion resistance, it is known that a surface treatment including a nitriding treatment such as salt bath nitriding and gas nitriding, which is called a so-called tuftride treatment, is applied to a bearing ring or a rolling element (referred to as a so-called tuftride treatment). JP-A-6-341442
Reference). By performing the nitriding treatment, there is also an advantage that the lubricity can be improved. However, as described above, even in a race or a rolling element having improved lubricity by nitriding treatment,
When used in a condition where lubrication conditions are not very good, for example, when lubricated with grease as described above, the oil film may break, and in some cases, seizure may occur between the race and the rolling element. There was fear.

【0004】また、従来の窒化処理による窒化層では、
表面粗さが大きく、平滑度が悪いため、軸受の回転振動
や騒音が大きくなってしまうという問題もあった。上述
の油膜切れの原因としては、以下のことが考えられる。
すなわち、窒化処理の前処理で、表面の酸化物の除去が
行われる。しかしながら、酸化物を完全に除去すること
は困難であることに加えて、除去後にも再度酸素の吸着
や酸化作用が働くので、表面の酸化物を完全に除去でき
ない。この状態で、窒化処理が行われると、窒化層は、
酸化物が除去された部分には十分に、酸化物の残った部
分には不十分に形成されて、その結果、窒化層にむらが
生じていたり、クラックが多数形成されていた。不十分
な窒化層の表面では、もともと平滑度が充分でなく、ク
ラックの存在もあり、潤滑油が窒化層の最表面に保持さ
れ難く、よって、油膜が切れ易く、潤滑が不充分になる
と考えられる。
[0004] Further, in a nitride layer formed by a conventional nitridation process,
Since the surface roughness is large and the smoothness is poor, there is also a problem that the rotational vibration and noise of the bearing increase. The following can be considered as causes of the oil film shortage.
That is, the oxide on the surface is removed in the pretreatment before the nitriding treatment. However, not only is it difficult to completely remove the oxide, but also after the removal, oxygen adsorption and oxidization work again, so that the oxide on the surface cannot be completely removed. When a nitriding treatment is performed in this state, the nitrided layer becomes
The portion where the oxide was removed was formed sufficiently, and the portion where the oxide was left was formed insufficiently. As a result, the nitrided layer was uneven and many cracks were formed. On the surface of the insufficient nitrided layer, the smoothness was originally insufficient, cracks were present, and it was difficult for the lubricating oil to be retained on the outermost surface of the nitrided layer, so that the oil film was easily cut and the lubrication was insufficient. Can be

【0005】そこで、本発明の主な目的は、上記の技術
的課題を解決し、均一な窒化層によって、良好な耐蝕性
を有し、且つ油膜切れが生じ難く、潤滑性の良い軌道輪
や転動体を有する転がり軸受を提供することである。ま
た、本発明の他の目的は、上記の転がり軸受を安定して
製造できる製造方法を提供することである。
Therefore, the main object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, to provide a uniform nitrided layer which has good corrosion resistance, hardly causes oil film breakage, and has good lubricity. An object of the present invention is to provide a rolling bearing having a rolling element. Another object of the present invention is to provide a manufacturing method capable of stably manufacturing the above-mentioned rolling bearing.

【0006】[0006]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記の目的を達成するた
め、請求項1にかかる発明の転がり軸受は、一般軸受用
鋼からなる軌道輪および転動体の少なくとも一方の表面
に窒化物の平均粒子径が1μm以下の緻密な窒化層が形
成されたことを特徴とする。この構成によれば、窒化層
を、表面に緻密に、且つむらなく均一に、且つ十分に形
成できる。このような窒化層が形成された軌道輪や転動
体では、油膜が切れることもなく、転がり軸受として良
好な潤滑性を維持できる。
In order to achieve the above object, a rolling bearing according to the first aspect of the present invention is characterized in that at least one surface of a bearing ring and a rolling element made of general bearing steel has an average particle size of nitride. A dense nitride layer having a diameter of 1 μm or less is formed. According to this configuration, the nitride layer can be formed densely, uniformly, and sufficiently on the surface. In the bearing ring or rolling element having such a nitrided layer formed thereon, the oil film does not break, and good lubricity as a rolling bearing can be maintained.

【0007】なお、一般軸受用鋼としては、高炭素クロ
ム軸受鋼の他に、浸炭鋼、耐熱鋼、ステンレス鋼、工具
鋼、クロム鋼、クロムモリブデン鋼等を例示することが
できる。この転がり軸受は、例えば、以下の請求項2に
かかる発明の転がり軸受の製造方法によって製造するこ
とができる。
[0007] Examples of the general bearing steel include carburized steel, heat-resistant steel, stainless steel, tool steel, chromium steel, and chromium molybdenum steel in addition to high carbon chromium bearing steel. This rolling bearing can be manufactured, for example, by the following method for manufacturing a rolling bearing according to the second aspect of the present invention.

【0008】請求項2に係る発明の転がり軸受の製造方
法は、一般軸受用鋼からなる軌道輪および転動体の少な
くとも一方の表面に窒化層が形成された転がり軸受の製
造方法において、窒化処理の前に、軌道輪および転動体
の少なくとも一方の表面の酸化物を金属ふっ化膜に置き
換えるふっ化処理を含むことを特徴とする。この構成に
よれば、ふっ化処理に用いる活性化されたふっ素原子に
より、母材の鋼の表面に付着していた加工助剤等の異物
が破壊等されて除去され、表面が浄化されると同時に、
鋼表面の酸化皮膜のような不働態膜が、金属ふっ化膜に
置き換えられる。このように置き換えられることによっ
て、鋼の表面が金属ふっ化膜によって被覆保護された状
態になり、後の窒化処理まで酸化物の生成が阻止される
ので、確実に酸化物を除去できる。従って、表面に緻
密、且つ均一、且つ十分な窒化層を形成することができ
る。
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing a rolling bearing in which a nitrided layer is formed on at least one surface of a bearing ring and a rolling element made of steel for general bearings. The present invention is characterized in that the method further comprises a fluoride treatment for replacing an oxide on at least one surface of the bearing ring and the rolling element with a metal fluoride film. According to this configuration, the activated fluorine atoms used in the fluoridation process remove foreign substances such as processing aids attached to the surface of the base material steel by being destroyed or the like, and purifying the surface. at the same time,
Passive films, such as oxide films on steel surfaces, are replaced by metal fluoride films. By being replaced in this way, the surface of the steel is covered and protected by the metal fluoride film, and the generation of oxide is prevented until the subsequent nitriding treatment, so that the oxide can be surely removed. Therefore, a dense, uniform and sufficient nitride layer can be formed on the surface.

【0009】また、従来は、窒化処理の際、480℃〜
700℃の温度域では、鋼材中のCr,Mn,Si,A
lのような金属元素は、酸化されやすい。しかし、上記
温度領域においては、これらの金属元素を完全に中性も
しくは還元性に維持する雰囲気をつくることが困難なこ
とから、上記金属元素は上記温度領域で殆ど酸化され、
それによって窒化処理に際して鋼材の表面に粒界酸化物
が形成され、この粒界酸化物が障害となって窒化処理が
阻害される。結果として、鋼材の表面に窒化層を安定し
て形成できないでいた。
Conventionally, when the nitriding treatment is performed at 480 ° C.
In the temperature range of 700 ° C., Cr, Mn, Si, A
Metal elements such as 1 are easily oxidized. However, in the above-mentioned temperature range, since it is difficult to create an atmosphere for maintaining these metal elements completely neutral or reducing, the metal elements are almost oxidized in the above-mentioned temperature range,
As a result, a grain boundary oxide is formed on the surface of the steel material during the nitriding treatment, and the grain boundary oxide hinders the nitriding treatment. As a result, a nitrided layer could not be stably formed on the surface of the steel material.

【0010】これに対して、本発明では、確実に酸化物
を除去できるので、一定の窒化層を安定して形成するこ
とができる。すなわち、窒化処理の際、480℃〜70
0℃程度の温度で、窒素源を有するガス(例えばNH3
ガス)とH2 ガスとの混合ガスを炉内に導入することに
より、上記H2 ガスによって、鋼材表面を被覆保護して
いる金属ふっ化膜は破壊され除去される。これにより、
浄化されて活性化した金属素地が現れ、この活性化した
金属素地に窒化ガス(例えばNH3 ガス)中のN原子が
作用し、内部に迅速に浸透拡散し、深い窒化層を均一に
形成する。すなわち、鋼の表面から内側に向かってCr
N,Fe2 N,Fe3 N,Fe4 N等の窒化物を含有す
る超硬質な化合物層(窒化層)が、均一に深く形成さ
れ、それに続いて硬質なN原子の拡散層が形成され、上
記化合物層+拡散層が全窒化層を構成する。また、窒化
層の硬さも、従来のタフトライド処理品と同等で、表面
硬さはビッカース硬さ450HV(試験荷重50gf)
を維持している。
On the other hand, according to the present invention, since the oxide can be surely removed, a certain nitrided layer can be stably formed. That is, at the time of the nitriding treatment,
At a temperature of about 0 ° C., a gas having a nitrogen source (eg, NH 3
By introducing a mixed gas of (gas) and H 2 gas into the furnace, the metal fluoride film covering and protecting the steel material surface is broken and removed by the H 2 gas. This allows
A purified and activated metal matrix appears, and N atoms in a nitriding gas (for example, NH 3 gas) act on the activated metal matrix to quickly permeate and diffuse into the inside to form a deep nitride layer uniformly. . That is, from the surface of steel to the inside, Cr
An ultra-hard compound layer (nitride layer) containing nitrides such as N, Fe 2 N, Fe 3 N, and Fe 4 N is formed uniformly and deeply, followed by a hard N atom diffusion layer. The above compound layer + diffusion layer constitutes a fully nitrided layer. The hardness of the nitrided layer is the same as that of the conventional tufftrided product, and the surface hardness is Vickers hardness 450 HV (test load 50 gf).
Has been maintained.

【0011】本発明のふっ化処理に用いるふっ素系ガス
としては、NF3 ,BF3 ,CF4,HF,SF6 ,F
2 の単独もしくは混合物からなるふっ素源成分をN2
の不活性ガス中に含有させたガスが好適に用いられる。
なかでも、安全性、反応性、コントロール性、取扱性等
の点でNF3 が最も優れており、実用的である。このよ
うなふっ素系ガスでは、効果の点から、NF3 等のふっ
素源成分が0.05%〜20%(重量基準、以下同じ)
の濃度に設定される。好ましいのは、3%〜5%の範囲
内である。
The fluorine-based gas used in the fluorination treatment of the present invention includes NF 3 , BF 3 , CF 4 , HF, SF 6 , F
The fluorine source component comprising 2 alone or a mixture was contained in an inert gas such as N 2 gas is preferably used.
Among them, NF 3 is the most excellent in terms of safety, reactivity, controllability, handleability and the like, and is practical. In such a fluorine-based gas, a fluorine source component such as NF 3 is contained in an amount of 0.05% to 20% (weight basis, the same applies hereinafter) from the viewpoint of the effect.
Is set to the density of Preferred is in the range of 3% to 5%.

【0012】[0012]

【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の一実施の形態にか
かる転がり軸受及びその製造方法を、添付図面を参照し
ながら詳細に説明する。まず、本発明の軸受について説
明する。図1は、本発明にかかる軸受である玉軸受の断
面図である。図1を参照する。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a rolling bearing and a method of manufacturing the same according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, the bearing of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a ball bearing which is a bearing according to the present invention. Please refer to FIG.

【0013】軸受1は、球状に形成された複数の転動体
3と、転動体3を転がり案内するための円筒状の内輪4
及び外輪5からなる軌道輪2とを有している。転動体3
は、内輪4と外輪5との間に回転自在に保持されつつ、
転がり案内される。内輪4の外周面と、外輪5の内周面
とには、転動体3を転がり案内するための軌道溝が形成
されている。その軌道溝に沿って、転動体3は、所定の
間隔で保持器6によって保持されて環状に配置されてい
る。また、転動体3及び軌道輪2は、所定の軸受用鋼で
形成されている。
The bearing 1 includes a plurality of rolling elements 3 formed in a spherical shape and a cylindrical inner ring 4 for rollingly guiding the rolling elements 3.
And a race 2 composed of an outer race 5. Rolling element 3
Is rotatably held between the inner ring 4 and the outer ring 5,
Rolling guide. A raceway groove for rolling and guiding the rolling element 3 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner race 4 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer race 5. Along the orbital grooves, the rolling elements 3 are held at predetermined intervals by a retainer 6 and arranged in an annular shape. In addition, the rolling elements 3 and the bearing rings 2 are formed of predetermined bearing steel.

【0014】また、本発明の転動体3と軌道輪2とは、
その表面全体に、Fe3 Nを主成分とする窒化物が、そ
の平均粒子径が1μm以下であるように、緻密且つ均一
に積層された状態の窒化層Nが後述する製造方法によっ
て形成されている。なお、窒化層Nは、転動体3と軌道
輪2の何れか一方に形成してあればよく、また、窒化層
Nは、少なくとも部材同士が接触する部分に形成してあ
ればよい。例えば、軌道輪2では、窒化層Nを、軌道輪
2の軌道溝のみに形成してもよいし、上記軌道溝と他の
部分とに形成してもよいし、内輪4または外輪5の一方
に形成してもよいし、転動体3のみに形成してもよい
し、軌道輪2と転動体3との両方に形成してもよい。
The rolling element 3 and the bearing ring 2 of the present invention are
A nitride layer N composed of Fe 3 N as a main component and a nitride layer N in a state of being densely and uniformly laminated so that the average particle diameter thereof is 1 μm or less is formed by a manufacturing method described later. I have. The nitrided layer N may be formed on any one of the rolling element 3 and the race 2, and the nitrided layer N may be formed on at least a portion where the members contact each other. For example, in the bearing ring 2, the nitrided layer N may be formed only in the bearing groove of the bearing ring 2, may be formed in the above-described bearing groove and other portions, or may be formed in one of the inner ring 4 and the outer ring 5. May be formed on the rolling element 3 alone, or may be formed on both the bearing ring 2 and the rolling element 3.

【0015】軸受1は、例えば、以下のようにして製造
される。すなわち、図2は、本発明の製造方法の概略工
程図である。以下、図2を参照して、本発明にかかる製
造方法を説明する。本製造方法は、転動体3や軌道輪2
の各部品の形状を形成する形成工程11と、形成された
各部品の表面の酸化物を金属ふっ化膜に置き換えるふっ
化処理12と、窒化層Nを形成する窒化処理13とを備
えている。その後、窒化処理された各部品を軸受1に組
み立てる組立工程14が行われる。
The bearing 1 is manufactured, for example, as follows. That is, FIG. 2 is a schematic process diagram of the manufacturing method of the present invention. Hereinafter, the manufacturing method according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. This manufacturing method includes the rolling element 3 and the race 2
A forming process 11 for forming the shape of each component, a fluoride treatment 12 for replacing an oxide on the surface of each formed component with a metal fluoride film, and a nitriding treatment 13 for forming a nitride layer N. . Thereafter, an assembling step 14 of assembling each of the parts subjected to the nitriding treatment into the bearing 1 is performed.

【0016】形成工程11では、転動体3や軌道輪2
が、所定の軸受鋼から、所定の形状に加工される。例え
ば、鍛造加工や切削加工等が行われて、転動体3や軌道
輪2の形状を有した成形品が形成される。ふっ化処理1
2では、被処理品である成形品を、3ふっ化窒素(NF
3 )、窒素等の混合気中に、所定のふっ化温度T1、例
えば300℃〜400℃に所定時間(10分〜120
分)保持する。その結果、成形品の表面の異物等は、ふ
っ化処理に用いる活性化されたふっ素原子によって破壊
等されて除去され、表面が浄化されると同時に、鋼表面
の酸化皮膜のような不働態膜が、金属ふっ化膜に置き換
えられる。この際に、表面に形成される金属ふっ化膜
は、不働態膜であるので、表面への酸素の吸着や酸化作
用を防止し、次の窒化処理13まで酸化物の生成を阻止
し、その結果、確実に酸化物を除去することができる。
In the forming step 11, the rolling elements 3 and the race 2
Is processed into a predetermined shape from a predetermined bearing steel. For example, a forging process, a cutting process, or the like is performed to form a molded product having the shape of the rolling elements 3 and the races 2. Fluorination treatment 1
In 2, the molded article to be treated is replaced with nitrogen trifluoride (NF
3 ) In a mixture of nitrogen or the like, a predetermined fluoride temperature T1, for example, 300 ° C. to 400 ° C., for a predetermined time (10 minutes to 120 ° C.).
Min) hold. As a result, foreign substances and the like on the surface of the molded product are destroyed by activated fluorine atoms used in the fluoridation treatment and removed, and the surface is purified and, at the same time, a passive film such as an oxide film on the steel surface is removed. Is replaced by a metal fluoride film. At this time, since the metal fluoride film formed on the surface is a passive film, it prevents the adsorption and oxidation of oxygen to the surface and prevents the formation of oxide until the next nitriding treatment 13. As a result, the oxide can be reliably removed.

【0017】窒化処理13では、ガス窒化が行われる。
ここでの被処理品であるふっ化処理された成形品(表面
が金属ふっ化膜で覆われている)は、所定の反応ガス、
例えばNH3 単体からなるガスまたはNH3 と炭素源と
からなる混合ガス(例えばRXガス)中に、所定の窒化
温度T2に、所定時間(0.5時間〜5時間)保持され
る。
In the nitriding process 13, gas nitriding is performed.
The fluorinated molded article (the surface of which is covered with a metal fluoride film), which is the article to be treated here, has a predetermined reaction gas,
For example in the NH 3 made from a single piece gas or NH 3 and a mixed gas consisting of a carbon source (e.g. RX gas), to a predetermined nitriding temperature T2, the predetermined time (0.5 hour to 5 hours) it is maintained.

【0018】ふっ化温度T1から窒化温度T2に、温度
が昇温される過程で、被処理品表面の金属ふっ化膜は活
性化膜となる。その結果、窒化処理13で、窒素は金属
に速やかに深く浸透して、窒化層Nが形成される。その
後、所定時間をかけて、冷却される。被処理品は、冷却
終了まで、窒素ガス中に保持されており、表面に酸化物
の生成が防止される。
In the process of raising the temperature from the fluoride temperature T1 to the nitriding temperature T2, the metal fluoride film on the surface of the article to be processed becomes an activated film. As a result, in the nitriding treatment 13, nitrogen quickly penetrates deeply into the metal, and a nitrided layer N is formed. Thereafter, it is cooled for a predetermined time. The article to be processed is kept in the nitrogen gas until the cooling is completed, so that generation of oxide on the surface is prevented.

【0019】窒化処理13での窒化温度T2及び保持時
間は、窒化処理13で形成される窒化層Nの深さ等に応
じて、所定値に設定されるのが好ましい。窒化温度T2
としては、480℃〜700℃であれば、表面に硬い窒
化層を形成することができる。従って、潤滑性を向上す
ることができる。また、ふっ化処理12で被処理品の表
面が活性化されるので、窒化温度T2を、従来の窒化層
形成時に被処理品を保持する温度よりも低くすることが
できる。窒化温度T2が低くなる程に、窒化層Nの表面
が平滑に形成される傾向があり、特に、上述のように窒
化温度T2が480℃〜700℃であれば、この窒化温
度T2で形成される窒化層Nの表面が、従来形成された
タフトライド処理品の窒化層の表面よりも平滑になる。
窒化層Nの表面粗さは、未処理品、すなわち、研磨仕上
げ面の粗さ(中心線平均粗さRa=0.7μm〜1.0
μm、十点平均粗さRz=4.0μm〜7.0μm、最
大高さRmax=4.5μm〜7.5μm)に対し、殆
ど同じ値である。従来のタフトライド処理品の表面粗さ
は、Ra=1.5μm〜2.0μm、Rz=10.0μ
m〜15.0μm、Rmax=14.0μm〜18.0
μmであるから、本発明の窒化層Nは、表面粗さが従来
のタフトライド処理品に比べて小さく、また、かなり平
滑性を増している。
The nitriding temperature T2 and the holding time in the nitriding process 13 are preferably set to predetermined values according to the depth of the nitride layer N formed in the nitriding process 13. Nitriding temperature T2
If the temperature is 480 ° C. to 700 ° C., a hard nitrided layer can be formed on the surface. Therefore, lubricity can be improved. Further, since the surface of the article to be treated is activated by the fluoridation treatment 12, the nitriding temperature T2 can be made lower than the temperature at which the article to be treated is held when a conventional nitride layer is formed. As the nitriding temperature T2 decreases, the surface of the nitrided layer N tends to be formed more smoothly. In particular, when the nitriding temperature T2 is 480 ° C. to 700 ° C. as described above, the nitrided layer N is formed at this nitriding temperature T2. The surface of the nitrided layer N becomes smoother than the surface of the nitrided layer of a conventionally formed tufted product.
The surface roughness of the nitrided layer N is an untreated product, that is, the roughness of the polished surface (center line average roughness Ra = 0.7 μm to 1.0 μm).
μm, ten-point average roughness Rz = 4.0 μm to 7.0 μm, and maximum height Rmax = 4.5 μm to 7.5 μm). The surface roughness of the conventional tufftrided product is Ra = 1.5 μm to 2.0 μm, Rz = 10.0 μm
m-15.0 μm, Rmax = 14.0 μm-18.0
Since the thickness is μm, the nitrided layer N of the present invention has a smaller surface roughness than that of a conventional tuftride-treated product, and has considerably increased smoothness.

【0020】さらに、窒化層Nが上述するように平滑且
つ緻密であることに加え、クラックが殆どないため、窒
化層Nの最表面での潤滑油の保持性がよく、この点でも
耐焼き付き性が向上している(実施例の,欄参
照)。また、窒化層Nでは、摩擦が大きくなる虞がない
ので、油膜切れも生じ難く、より一層焼き付き難くする
ことができる。ちなみに、無潤滑状態での摩擦係数は
0.24であり、従来のタフトライド処理品の0.54
に対して2分の1以下となっている。なお、実験条件
は、HRIDON式摩耗試験機にて、試験片(表面に窒
化層Nを形成したSUJ2材)にボール(SUJ2材)
を荷重200gf、速度100mm/秒、距離20mm
で10往復させ、その際の動摩擦係数を測定し、各測定
値の最大値の平均値を求めた。
Further, since the nitrided layer N is smooth and dense as described above, and has almost no cracks, it has good lubricating oil retention properties on the outermost surface of the nitrided layer N. Is improved (see the column of Example). Further, in the nitrided layer N, there is no possibility that the friction is increased, so that the oil film is hardly broken and the seizure can be made more difficult. Incidentally, the coefficient of friction in the non-lubricated state is 0.24, which is 0.54 that of the conventional tuftride-treated product.
Is less than half. The test conditions were as follows: a test piece (SUJ2 material having a nitrided layer N formed on the surface) and a ball (SUJ2 material) were measured with an HRIDON abrasion tester.
Load 200gf, speed 100mm / sec, distance 20mm
, And the coefficient of kinetic friction at that time was measured, and the average of the maximum values of the measured values was determined.

【0021】組立工程14では、窒化層Nの形成された
軌道輪2、転動体3等の各部品によって軸受1が組み立
てられる。このように本実施の形態の軸受1によれば、
以下の作用効果を奏するものである。窒化層Nが形成さ
れた軌道輪2や転動体3では、耐蝕性が向上するので、
表面に潤滑剤による油膜が充分に形成されない場合で
も、軌道輪2や転動体3が錆びることを防止することが
できる。従って、グリース潤滑等、充分に潤滑されない
状況下で好適に使用できる転がり軸受を得ることができ
る。
In the assembling step 14, the bearing 1 is assembled by the respective components such as the race 2 and the rolling elements 3 on which the nitride layer N is formed. As described above, according to the bearing 1 of the present embodiment,
The following operational effects are obtained. In the bearing ring 2 and the rolling element 3 on which the nitrided layer N is formed, the corrosion resistance is improved.
Even if an oil film is not sufficiently formed on the surface by the lubricant, it is possible to prevent the bearing ring 2 and the rolling elements 3 from rusting. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a rolling bearing that can be suitably used in a situation where lubrication is not sufficient, such as grease lubrication.

【0022】また、窒化層Nは、以下詳述するように、
強度の向上や摩耗防止を図ることができる上に、潤滑性
を向上できるという利点もある。特に、本実施の形態の
窒化層Nは、均一に緻密に形成されているので、多孔質
の部分がある従来の窒化層に比べて、表面がより一層硬
く、耐摩耗性が良好である。
Further, as described in detail below, the nitride layer N
In addition to improvement in strength and prevention of wear, there is an advantage that lubricity can be improved. In particular, since the nitrided layer N of the present embodiment is formed uniformly and densely, it has a harder surface and better wear resistance than a conventional nitrided layer having a porous portion.

【0023】また、窒化層Nの形成された転動体3や軌
道輪2では、表面の硬い窒化層Nによって鋼材の機械的
強度が改善される上に、内部の窒化されていない鋼材の
部分によって柔軟性、靱性が維持されるため、耐衝撃性
を備えて、転動体や軌道輪としての強度がより一層向上
する。従って、この転動体3や軌道輪2の少なくとも一
方を備えた軸受1では、その回転時に、転動体3や軌道
輪2が、各部と接触して衝撃を受けても、衝撃に耐える
ことができ、破損する虞もなく、実用に適した軸受とす
ることができる。特に、本発明の製造方法によって形成
された窒化層Nは、従来のタフトライド処理品に比べ
て、素材中心部分の硬さが低く(後述する実施例の欄
参照)、その結果、内部の柔軟性、靱性がより一層向上
して衝撃に耐えることができる。なお、ここでの転動体
3や軌道輪2としての強度とは、単純な形状の試験片を
測定して求められる材料自体の機械的強度でなく、転動
体3や軌道輪2を実際に軸受1に使用した際の強度であ
って、材料自体の強度に、柔軟性、靱性、耐衝撃性等が
加味された強度である。
Further, in the rolling element 3 and the race 2 in which the nitrided layer N is formed, not only the mechanical strength of the steel is improved by the hard nitrided layer N on the surface, but also the inner unnitrided portion of the steel is used. Since the flexibility and toughness are maintained, the impact resistance is provided, and the strength as a rolling element and a bearing ring is further improved. Therefore, in the bearing 1 provided with at least one of the rolling element 3 and the bearing ring 2, even if the rolling element 3 and the bearing ring 2 come into contact with each part and receive an impact during the rotation, the bearing can withstand the impact. Thus, there is no possibility of breakage, and a bearing suitable for practical use can be obtained. In particular, the nitrided layer N formed by the manufacturing method of the present invention has a lower hardness at the center portion of the material as compared with the conventional tufftrided product (see the section of Examples described later), and as a result, the internal flexibility In addition, the toughness can be further improved to withstand impact. The strength of the rolling element 3 and the bearing ring 2 is not the mechanical strength of the material itself obtained by measuring a test piece having a simple shape, but the actual strength of the rolling element 3 and the bearing ring 2. 1 is the strength when used, and is the strength in which flexibility, toughness, impact resistance and the like are added to the strength of the material itself.

【0024】また、本実施の形態では、窒化層Nは、ふ
っ化処理12により酸化物が確実に除去された表面に、
緻密に、且つむらなく均一に、且つ十分に形成されてい
るので、潤滑油を表面に保持でき、油膜が切れることも
なく、良好な潤滑性を維持できる。一方、従来のタフト
ライド処理による窒化層は、酸化物が残った表面に形成
されており、この酸化物の残った表面には十分に形成さ
れなかったので、不十分な窒化層であり、且つクラック
が存在していたので、油膜が切れることがあった。
In the present embodiment, the nitride layer N is formed on the surface from which the oxide has been reliably removed by the fluoridation treatment 12.
Since it is formed densely, uniformly and uniformly, the lubricating oil can be held on the surface, the oil film does not break, and good lubricity can be maintained. On the other hand, the nitride layer formed by the conventional tuftride treatment is formed on the surface on which the oxide remains, and is not sufficiently formed on the surface on which the oxide remains, so that the nitride layer is an insufficient nitride layer and has a crack. Was present, so that the oil film could break.

【0025】また、本発明の転動体3や軌道輪2では、
表面の窒化層自身が潤滑性を向上する効果を、緻密、且
つ均一、且つ十分な窒化層Nとすることによって、より
一層向上させることができるので、潤滑が行われ難い状
況でも、上述の効果を高く維持できる。従って、潤滑が
行われ難い状況の生じ易い用途、例えば、二輪車用2サ
イクルエンジンやそれに関連する機器に、この窒化層N
の形成された軌道輪2や転動体3の少なくとも一方を備
えた軸受を適用すると、顕著な効果がある。ところで、
潤滑性を向上する場合でも、油溜まりとなる凹部が表面
に形成され、凹部に保持された潤滑剤が潤滑性を向上す
る場合には、潤滑が行われ難い状況では、効果を維持す
ることが困難である。
In the rolling element 3 and the bearing ring 2 of the present invention,
The effect of improving the lubricity of the nitrided layer itself on the surface can be further improved by forming a dense, uniform and sufficient nitrided layer N, so that the above-mentioned effect can be obtained even in a situation where lubrication is difficult. Can be kept high. Therefore, the nitride layer N may be used in applications where lubrication is difficult to occur, for example, in a two-cycle engine for motorcycles and related equipment.
When a bearing provided with at least one of the bearing ring 2 and the rolling element 3 formed with the above is applied, there is a remarkable effect. by the way,
Even in the case of improving lubricity, when a concave portion serving as an oil reservoir is formed on the surface and the lubricant held in the concave portion improves the lubricity, the effect can be maintained in a situation where lubrication is difficult to be performed. Have difficulty.

【0026】また、軸受1の転動体3や軌道輪2を、そ
の基材に一般軸受用鋼を用い、その表面に窒化層Nを形
成することによって、転動体3等の内部の基材の性質、
例えば、形状加工性、経済性、強度等に優れた性質を得
られ、それに加えて、転動体3等の表面の窒化層Nの性
質、例えば、耐蝕性、硬さ、耐焼き付き性に優れた性質
を得ることができる。従って、軸受用の軌道輪や転動体
として好ましい。
The rolling element 3 and the bearing ring 2 of the bearing 1 are formed by using a general bearing steel as a base material and forming a nitrided layer N on the surface of the rolling element 3 and the bearing ring 2 to form an inner base material of the rolling element 3 and the like. nature,
For example, properties excellent in shape workability, economy, strength and the like are obtained, and in addition, properties of the nitrided layer N on the surface of the rolling element 3 and the like, for example, excellent in corrosion resistance, hardness, and seizure resistance. Nature can be obtained. Therefore, it is preferable as a bearing ring or a rolling element for a bearing.

【0027】また、軸受の基材に一般軸受用鋼を使用す
ることによって、耐蝕性をより一層優れたものとするこ
とができる。というのは、一般に、軸受用鋼は、鋼内部
に含まれるスラグ等の不純物が少ない清浄度の高い材料
であることから、その表面に窒化層を形成したときの窒
化物も均一なものとすることができる。従って、均一な
窒化層は、不純物による窒化物を含む不均一な窒化層に
比べて緻密に形成でき、耐蝕性を向上することができ
る。また、軸受用鋼は清浄度が高いので、転動体等の表
面形状の精度を良好に加工することができ、つまり窒化
処理前の表面の凹凸を少なくできる。その結果、その表
面に窒化層を形成したときの表面を凹凸が少なく、緻密
に形成でき、従って、凹凸が多く、且つ緻密でない窒化
層に比べて耐蝕性を向上することができる。
Further, by using a general bearing steel as a base material of the bearing, corrosion resistance can be further improved. Because, in general, bearing steel is a material having a high degree of cleanliness with few impurities such as slag contained in the steel, so that the nitride when a nitride layer is formed on the surface thereof is also uniform. be able to. Therefore, a uniform nitride layer can be formed more densely than a non-uniform nitride layer containing nitride due to impurities, and the corrosion resistance can be improved. In addition, since the bearing steel has a high degree of cleanliness, the surface shape of the rolling elements and the like can be processed with good precision, that is, the surface irregularities before the nitriding treatment can be reduced. As a result, when the nitride layer is formed on the surface, the surface can be formed densely with less unevenness, and therefore, the corrosion resistance can be improved as compared with a non-densified nitride layer having more unevenness.

【0028】また、表面の凹凸が少ないため、転動体が
軌道面を通過する際に発生する振動や騒音が減少でき、
静粛性に優れた転がり軸受を得ることができる。また,
軸受の基材に一般軸受用鋼を使用することによって、耐
蝕性を向上できる上述と同様の理由で、耐焼き付き性を
より一層優れたものとすることができる。
Further, since there are few surface irregularities, vibration and noise generated when the rolling element passes through the raceway surface can be reduced,
A rolling bearing excellent in silence can be obtained. Also,
By using general bearing steel as the base material of the bearing, the seizure resistance can be further improved for the same reason as described above in which the corrosion resistance can be improved.

【0029】特に、上述のように耐蝕性や耐焼き付き性
を向上できる一般軸受用鋼としては、SUJ2等の高炭
素クロム軸受鋼を例示でき、安定な窒化物を作るアルミ
ニウム、チタン、バナジウム等を含んだ鋼が好ましい。
また、本発明の軸受は、耐蝕性と耐焼き付き性に優れて
いるので、例えば、自動車のエンジンのウォーターポン
プ等の補機に使用すると好ましい。
In particular, as a general bearing steel capable of improving the corrosion resistance and seizure resistance as described above, a high carbon chromium bearing steel such as SUJ2 can be exemplified, and aluminum, titanium, vanadium and the like which form a stable nitride can be used. Contained steel is preferred.
Further, since the bearing of the present invention is excellent in corrosion resistance and seizure resistance, it is preferably used for an auxiliary device such as a water pump of an automobile engine, for example.

【0030】また、本実施の形態の軸受の製造方法によ
れば、以下の作用効果を奏するものである。窒化処理1
3は、ガス窒化であるので、塩浴窒化のような環境汚染
の心配がない。また、従来の製造方法では、窒化処理の
際の480℃〜700℃の温度域で、鋼材中のCr,M
n,Si,Al等の金属元素が殆ど酸化され、鋼材の表
面に粒界酸化物が形成されていた。この粒界酸化物が障
害となって、窒化処理が阻害され、その結果、鋼材の表
面に窒化層を安定して形成できないでいた。これに対し
て、本発明では、ふっ化処理12で確実に酸化物を除去
できるので、一定の窒化層Nを安定して形成することが
できる。窒化層の硬さも、従来のタフトライド処理品と
同等で、表面硬さはビッカース硬さ450HVを維持し
ている(後述する実施例参照)。
According to the bearing manufacturing method of the present embodiment, the following operation and effect can be obtained. Nitriding treatment 1
Since No. 3 is gas nitriding, there is no concern about environmental pollution such as salt bath nitriding. Further, in the conventional manufacturing method, in the temperature range of 480 ° C. to 700 ° C. during the nitriding treatment, Cr, M
Metal elements such as n, Si, and Al were almost oxidized, and grain boundary oxides were formed on the surface of the steel material. This grain boundary oxide hinders the nitriding treatment, and as a result, a nitrided layer cannot be stably formed on the surface of the steel material. On the other hand, in the present invention, since the oxide can be reliably removed by the fluoridation treatment 12, a constant nitrided layer N can be formed stably. The hardness of the nitrided layer is also the same as that of the conventional tufftrided product, and the surface hardness is maintained at Vickers hardness of 450 HV (see Examples described later).

【0031】また、窒化処理13は、ガス窒化であるの
で、反応ガスが活発に動き回り、被処理品表面に窒素分
子が万遍なく行き渡り、入り込んだ部分にも、窒化層N
を均一に形成することができる。例えば、軌道輪2の軌
道溝や端縁部等にも、窒化層Nが形成される。従って、
軌道輪2や転動体3全体として耐摩耗性が良好である。
In addition, since the nitriding treatment 13 is gas nitriding, the reactant gas actively moves around, and the nitrogen molecules are spread all over the surface of the article to be treated, and the nitride layer N
Can be formed uniformly. For example, the nitrided layer N is also formed on the raceway groove, the edge, and the like of the raceway ring 2. Therefore,
The wear resistance of the bearing ring 2 and the rolling elements 3 as a whole is good.

【0032】また、従来、ガス窒化の場合、熱伝達が遅
く、被処理品の表面が十分に活性化するために長時間を
要する場合があった。一方、本発明の方法では、被処理
品の表面に形成された金属ふっ化膜は、窒化温度T2で
は、十分に活性化されているので、窒素は速やかに金属
に浸透して、長時間をかけずに十分な窒化層Nが形成さ
れる。
Conventionally, in the case of gas nitriding, heat transfer is slow, and it sometimes takes a long time for the surface of the article to be processed to be sufficiently activated. On the other hand, in the method of the present invention, the metal fluoride film formed on the surface of the article to be treated is sufficiently activated at the nitriding temperature T2, so that the nitrogen quickly penetrates into the metal, and it takes a long time. A sufficient nitride layer N is formed without being applied.

【0033】また、上述のように、窒化温度T2を、従
来の窒化層形成時に被処理品を保持する温度よりも低く
することができるので、熱変形等の熱による影響も少な
くすることができる。なお、本発明の軸受及びその製造
方法は、転動体3や軌道輪2の少なくとも一方に適用し
てもよい。また、本発明が適用される、転動体3や軌道
輪2は、その形状がいかなる方法によって形成されたか
について特に限定されない。また、材質も軸受鋼に限定
されない。例えば、高炭素クロム軸受鋼(SUJ1、S
UJ2、SUJ3、SUJ4、SUJ5等)の他に、浸
炭鋼(SAE5120等)、耐熱鋼(M─50等)、ス
テンレス鋼(SUS440C等)、工具鋼(SKH4
等)、クロム鋼、クロムモリブデン鋼等にも適用でき
る。
Further, as described above, since the nitriding temperature T2 can be lower than the temperature at which the article to be processed is held during the conventional formation of the nitride layer, the influence of heat such as thermal deformation can be reduced. . In addition, the bearing of the present invention and the method of manufacturing the same may be applied to at least one of the rolling element 3 and the race 2. Further, the rolling element 3 and the bearing ring 2 to which the present invention is applied are not particularly limited as to how the shape is formed. The material is not limited to bearing steel. For example, high carbon chrome bearing steel (SUJ1, S
In addition to UJ2, SUJ3, SUJ4, SUJ5, etc., carburized steel (SAE5120, etc.), heat-resistant steel (M 、 50, etc.), stainless steel (SUS440C, etc.), tool steel (SKH4, etc.)
Etc.), chromium steel, chromium molybdenum steel, etc.

【0034】また、本発明の軸受及びその製造方法は、
上述の玉軸受以外にも、円筒ころ軸受、円すいころ軸
受、球面ころ軸受、針状ころ軸受等の種々の転がり軸受
用の、あらゆる形状の転動体や軌道輪に適用することが
できる。また、本発明の軸受及びその製造方法は、軌道
輪2が回転軸、ハウジング等と一体に形成されたものに
も適用することができる。
The bearing and the method of manufacturing the same according to the present invention
In addition to the above-described ball bearings, the present invention can be applied to various shapes of rolling elements and bearing rings for various rolling bearings such as cylindrical roller bearings, tapered roller bearings, spherical roller bearings, and needle roller bearings. Further, the bearing of the present invention and the method of manufacturing the same can be applied to a bearing in which the bearing ring 2 is formed integrally with a rotating shaft, a housing, and the like.

【0035】その他、本発明の要旨を変更しない範囲で
種々の設計変更を施すことが可能である。
In addition, various design changes can be made without changing the gist of the present invention.

【0036】[0036]

【実施例】上述の本発明の軸受の製造方法により製作し
た軸受の分析及び試験を行った。その結果を説明する。
また、比較例として、従来の軸受の分析及び試験を同様
に行った。比較例の軸受は、ふっ化処理せずに、従来の
方法で酸化物を除去して、塩浴窒化した軸受である。な
お、軸受としては、窒化層の形成された軌道輪と、窒化
層の形成された転動体とを組み合わせたものである。
EXAMPLE A bearing manufactured by the above-described method for manufacturing a bearing of the present invention was analyzed and tested. The results will be described.
As a comparative example, analysis and test of a conventional bearing were similarly performed. The bearing of the comparative example is a bearing which has been subjected to salt bath nitriding by removing the oxide by a conventional method without performing a fluoridation treatment. Note that the bearing is a combination of a bearing ring having a nitrided layer formed thereon and a rolling element having a nitrided layer formed thereon.

【0037】表面硬さ 実施例の軸受の軌道輪の表面硬さを、ビッカース硬さで
測定した。測定位置は、軌道輪の軌道溝を形成する部分
の表面である。 結果 実施例の平均硬さ 619HV(試験荷重25gf) 平均硬さ 451HV(試験荷重50gf) 平均硬さ 370HV(試験荷重100gf) 断面の硬さ 実施例の軸受の軌道輪の硬さを、表面からの距離の異な
る複数箇所の断面位置で測定した。同様に、比較例につ
いても測定した。なお、ビッカース硬さの試験荷重は、
100gfである。
Surface Hardness The surface hardness of the bearing ring of the bearing of the example was measured by Vickers hardness. The measurement position is the surface of the portion that forms the raceway groove of the raceway. Average Hardness of Result Example 619 HV (test load 25 gf) Average Hardness 451 HV (test load 50 gf) Average Hardness 370 HV (test load 100 gf) Sectional Hardness The hardness of the bearing ring of the bearing of the example was measured from the surface. The measurement was performed at a plurality of cross-sectional positions at different distances. Similarly, the measurement was performed for the comparative example. The test load of Vickers hardness is
It is 100 gf.

【0038】結果 図3は、軸受の軌道輪の硬さと、表面からの距離との関
係を示すグラフである。図3には、線Ha(─○─)で
実施例を、線Hb(─■─)で比較例を示し、縦軸に硬
さをビッカース硬さ(HV)で示し、横軸に表面からの
距離(μm)を示す。
Results FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the hardness of the bearing race and the distance from the surface. In FIG. 3, an example is shown by a line Ha (─ ○ 比較), a comparative example is shown by a line Hb (、), the hardness is shown by Vickers hardness (HV) on the vertical axis, and the surface is shown by the horizontal axis from the surface. Is shown as the distance (μm).

【0039】実施例の窒化層Nは、表面近傍で硬さ約4
50HVであり、比較例の窒化層とほぼ同等である。ま
た、実施例の窒化層Nは、表面から内部寄りの部分で、
比較例の窒化層よりも硬さが低い。このことから、実施
例の窒化層Nは、表面が硬く内部が柔らかい2層硬度分
布を有し、しかも、実施例は、比較例よりも表面と内部
との硬度差が大きいことがわかる。
The nitride layer N of the embodiment has a hardness of about 4 near the surface.
50 HV, which is almost the same as the nitride layer of the comparative example. Further, the nitrided layer N of the embodiment is a portion closer to the inside from the surface,
Hardness is lower than the nitrided layer of the comparative example. This indicates that the nitrided layer N of the example has a two-layer hardness distribution with a hard surface and a soft inside, and that the example has a larger difference in hardness between the surface and the inside than the comparative example.

【0040】従って、実施例は、比較例よりも良好な耐
衝撃性を有すると考えられる。 耐焼き付き性(A) 次に、耐焼き付き性の試験結果を説明する。上述の軸受
について、下記条件下で寿命を測定した。ここでの寿命
は、潤滑が停止された状態で、焼き付きが生じるまでの
時間である。
Therefore, it is considered that the examples have better impact resistance than the comparative examples. Seizure Resistance (A) Next, the results of the seizure resistance test will be described. The life of the above bearing was measured under the following conditions. Here, the life is a time required for the seizure to occur when lubrication is stopped.

【0041】また、比較例として、従来の軸受の寿命
を、同様にして測定した。試験条件 適用した軸受 深溝形玉軸受(呼び番号6305) ラジアル荷重 200Kgf 回転数 11000rpm 潤滑条件 回転前に、2サイクルエンジン用潤滑油
を0.01cc滴下試験結果 本発明実施品 平均寿命38.5分 比較例 平均寿命18.6分 このように、本発明の軸受は、殆ど無潤滑に近い過酷な
条件下でも、従来品に比べて約2倍の寿命を有してい
る。
As a comparative example, the life of a conventional bearing was measured in the same manner. Test condition applied bearing Deep groove ball bearing (call number 6305) Radial load 200Kgf Revolution 11000rpm Lubrication condition Before rotation, 0.01cc of lubricating oil for two-cycle engine was dropped Test result Product of the present invention Average life 38.5 minutes Comparison Example Average life 18.6 minutes As described above, the bearing of the present invention has a service life approximately twice that of the conventional product even under severe conditions that are almost lubricated.

【0042】耐焼き付き性(B) の軸受を、さらに過酷な条件を課して寿命を測定し
た。試験条件 ラジアル荷重 400Kgf 回転数 11400rpm 潤滑条件 回転前に2サイクルエンジン用潤滑油を
0.005cc滴下試験結果 本発明実施品 平均寿命6.1分 比較例 平均寿命3.9分 このように、本発明の軸受は、さらに過酷な条件下で
も、従来品に比べて約1.6倍の寿命を有している。
The life of the bearing with anti-seizure (B) was measured under more severe conditions. Test conditions Radial load 400 kgf Rotation speed 11400 rpm Lubrication conditions Before starting rotation, 0.005 cc of lubricating oil for a two-cycle engine was dropped. Test result Product of the present invention Average life 6.1 minutes Comparative example Average life 3.9 minutes Thus, the present invention The bearing has a service life that is approximately 1.6 times that of the conventional product even under severer conditions.

【0043】なお、これら,の試験は、通常の使用
状態で想定されない過酷な条件が課された加速試験であ
る。従って、本発明の軸受は、通常の使用で焼き付くこ
とはない。
Note that these tests are acceleration tests in which severe conditions that are not assumed in a normal use state are imposed. Therefore, the bearing of the present invention does not seize in normal use.

【0044】[0044]

【発明の効果】請求項1に係る発明によれば、軌道輪お
よび転動体の少なくとも一方の表面に緻密、且つむらな
く均一に、且つ十分に形成された窒化層が形成された転
がり軸受では、良好な耐蝕性を有するとともに、油膜が
切れることもなく、良好な潤滑性を維持できる。
According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rolling bearing in which a dense, uniform, and sufficiently formed nitrided layer is formed on at least one surface of a bearing ring and a rolling element. It has good corrosion resistance and can maintain good lubricity without breaking the oil film.

【0045】請求項2に係る発明によれば、表面の酸化
物をふっ化処理で確実に除去できるので、表面に緻密、
且つ均一、且つ十分な窒化層を形成することができる。
また、確実に酸化物を除去できるので、一定の窒化層を
安定して形成することができる。
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the oxide on the surface can be surely removed by the fluoridation treatment.
In addition, a uniform and sufficient nitride layer can be formed.
In addition, since the oxide can be reliably removed, a certain nitrided layer can be stably formed.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】本発明にかかる軸受の断面図である。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a bearing according to the present invention.

【図2】本発明の軸受の製造方法の概略工程図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic process diagram of a method for manufacturing a bearing according to the present invention.

【図3】実施例と比較例の軸受の硬さと、表面からの距
離との関係を示すグラフであり、縦軸に硬さをビッカー
ス硬さ(HV)で示し、横軸に表面からの距離(μm)
を示し、線Haで実施例の場合を示し、線Hbで比較例
の場合を示す。
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the hardness of the bearing of the example and the comparative example and the distance from the surface, wherein the ordinate represents the hardness in Vickers hardness (HV), and the abscissa represents the distance from the surface. (Μm)
, The line Ha shows the case of the embodiment, and the line Hb shows the case of the comparative example.

【符号の説明】[Explanation of symbols]

1 軸受 2 軌道輪 3 転動体 12 ふっ化処理 13 窒化処理 N 窒化層 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Bearing 2 Track ring 3 Rolling element 12 Fluorination treatment 13 Nitriding treatment N nitrided layer

Claims (2)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】一般軸受用鋼からなる軌道輪および転動体
の少なくとも一方の表面に窒化物の平均粒子径が1μm
以下の緻密な窒化層が形成されたことを特徴とする転が
り軸受。
An average particle size of nitride is 1 μm on at least one surface of a race and a rolling element made of general bearing steel.
A rolling bearing, wherein the following dense nitride layer is formed.
【請求項2】一般軸受用鋼からなる軌道輪および転動体
の少なくとも一方の表面に窒化層が形成された転がり軸
受の製造方法において、 窒化処理の前に、軌道輪および転動体の少なくとも一方
の表面の酸化物を金属ふっ化膜に置き換えるふっ化処理
を含むことを特徴とする転がり軸受の製造方法。
2. A method for manufacturing a rolling bearing in which a nitrided layer is formed on at least one surface of a raceway ring and a rolling element made of general bearing steel, wherein at least one of the raceway ring and the rolling element is formed before nitriding treatment. A method for manufacturing a rolling bearing, comprising a fluorine treatment for replacing an oxide on the surface with a metal fluoride film.
JP28692296A 1996-10-29 1996-10-29 Rolling bearing and its manufacture Pending JPH10131970A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP28692296A JPH10131970A (en) 1996-10-29 1996-10-29 Rolling bearing and its manufacture

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP28692296A JPH10131970A (en) 1996-10-29 1996-10-29 Rolling bearing and its manufacture

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2004265809A Division JP2004347131A (en) 2004-09-13 2004-09-13 Rolling bearing

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH10131970A true JPH10131970A (en) 1998-05-22

Family

ID=17710707

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP28692296A Pending JPH10131970A (en) 1996-10-29 1996-10-29 Rolling bearing and its manufacture

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH10131970A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2348468A (en) * 1999-04-01 2000-10-04 Nsk Ltd Rolling bearing
US6422756B1 (en) 1999-11-02 2002-07-23 Nsk Ltd. Rolling bearing apparatus
US6530695B2 (en) 2000-05-26 2003-03-11 Nsk Ltd. Rolling bearing and method of making the same
US6733182B2 (en) 2000-11-22 2004-05-11 Nsk Ltd. Rolling bearing
WO2006001124A1 (en) * 2004-06-25 2006-01-05 Ntn Corporation Rolling bearing
WO2006003792A1 (en) * 2004-07-05 2006-01-12 Ntn Corporation Roller bearing for automobile
WO2006003793A1 (en) * 2004-07-05 2006-01-12 Ntn Corporation Tapered roller bearing
WO2007046263A1 (en) * 2005-10-19 2007-04-26 Ntn Corporation Roller bearing
JP2010185548A (en) * 2009-02-13 2010-08-26 Nsk Ltd Rolling bearing
JP2015214756A (en) * 2015-07-02 2015-12-03 Ntn株式会社 Method of manufacturing bering ring, bearing ring, cylindrical roller bearing and tapered roller bearing
US20160108961A1 (en) * 2014-10-17 2016-04-21 Jtekt Corporation Bearing ring and rolling bearing
US9487843B2 (en) 2011-01-21 2016-11-08 Ntn Corporation Method for producing a bearing ring
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Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10016316B4 (en) * 1999-04-01 2004-07-08 Nsk Ltd. Rolling bearing and method for its production
GB2348468B (en) * 1999-04-01 2001-06-20 Nsk Ltd Rolling bearing
US6315455B1 (en) 1999-04-01 2001-11-13 Nsk Ltd. Rolling bearing
GB2348468A (en) * 1999-04-01 2000-10-04 Nsk Ltd Rolling bearing
US6422756B1 (en) 1999-11-02 2002-07-23 Nsk Ltd. Rolling bearing apparatus
US6530695B2 (en) 2000-05-26 2003-03-11 Nsk Ltd. Rolling bearing and method of making the same
US6733182B2 (en) 2000-11-22 2004-05-11 Nsk Ltd. Rolling bearing
WO2006001124A1 (en) * 2004-06-25 2006-01-05 Ntn Corporation Rolling bearing
US9033584B2 (en) 2004-06-25 2015-05-19 Ntn Corporation Rolling bearing
WO2006003792A1 (en) * 2004-07-05 2006-01-12 Ntn Corporation Roller bearing for automobile
WO2006003793A1 (en) * 2004-07-05 2006-01-12 Ntn Corporation Tapered roller bearing
US9074621B2 (en) 2004-07-05 2015-07-07 Ntn Corporation Roller bearing for automobiles
US8118493B2 (en) 2004-07-05 2012-02-21 Ntn Corporation Tapered roller bearing
WO2007046263A1 (en) * 2005-10-19 2007-04-26 Ntn Corporation Roller bearing
JP2010185548A (en) * 2009-02-13 2010-08-26 Nsk Ltd Rolling bearing
US9487843B2 (en) 2011-01-21 2016-11-08 Ntn Corporation Method for producing a bearing ring
US20160108961A1 (en) * 2014-10-17 2016-04-21 Jtekt Corporation Bearing ring and rolling bearing
US9709099B2 (en) * 2014-10-17 2017-07-18 Jtekt Corporation Bearing ring and rolling bearing
US10538821B2 (en) 2014-10-17 2020-01-21 Jtekt Corporation Heat treatment apparatus and heat treatment method
US11319605B2 (en) 2014-10-17 2022-05-03 Jtekt Corporation Heat treatment apparatus and heat treatment method
JP2015214756A (en) * 2015-07-02 2015-12-03 Ntn株式会社 Method of manufacturing bering ring, bearing ring, cylindrical roller bearing and tapered roller bearing

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