JP6046911B2 - Method and apparatus for heating fluid material to be heated - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for continuously heating a fluid object to be heated using an internal heating method. The invention uses Joule heating, microwave heating, and high frequency heating, which are internal heating methods, as the heating method.

  Regardless of the type and purpose of the object, the heating process in food processing is one of the important processes that bring about qualitative changes in the object and determine its properties. Various heating methods are known. However, the method is classified into external heating (direct heating and indirect heating) and internal heating (self-heating). Typical examples of the internal heating method include Joule heating, microwave heating and high frequency heating.

  Joule heating is used, for example, for the purpose of sterilizing fluid foods such as juice, sauce, ketchup, mayonnaise, or inactivating endogenous enzymes (Patent Documents 1 to 4, etc.). In the production of livestock kneaded products, a technique is disclosed in which, after preheating by Joule heating, molding is performed, and the molded product is further Joule heated (Patent Document 5). In addition, in the manufacture of kneaded products such as bamboo rings, fried fish cakes, crab-flavored kamaboko, etc., those that use Joule heating to heat the kneaded meat after molding, or those that use Joule heating to preheat the kneaded meat before molding, etc. (Patent Documents 6 to 9 etc.).

Microwave heating is widely used as a microwave oven. Patent Documents 10 and 11 disclose a method of heat-molding a skinless kneaded product using microwave heating.
High frequency heating is the same principle as microwave heating, but is a heating method with a low frequency.

  Sausages known as minced meat products are prepared by mixing fish meat paste and auxiliary ingredients, filling the casing and heating it with fish meat sausage, and edible casings and other edible casings filled with meat paste, smoked, etc. And sausage of livestock meat that is cooked and eaten. All are foods that are heat-treated after being molded into a casing or the like.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-33024 Japanese Patent No. 4143948 Japanese Patent No.4065768 JP 2003-289838 A JP 2002-142724 A Kaikai hei 5-20590 JP-A-9-121818 Japanese Patent No. 3179686 Japanese Patent No. 3614360 JP 55-48371 A JP 2003-325138 A

An object of the present invention is to provide a method and a heating apparatus for continuously heating a fluid object to be heated.
There are many liquid to gel-like products containing proteins and sugars and having high viscosity. All foods require heating processes such as heating for cooking and heat sterilization to prevent microbial contamination. Liquid to gel-like materials are often heated in the container and heated from the outside or batchwise, but if they can be heated while flowing continuously, the production efficiency will increase. However, if it is a liquid with low viscosity, heating while continuously flowing is easy, but it is difficult to uniformly heat a paste-like material such as miso or jam.
An object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for continuously heating an object to be heated that has such fluidity but has a high viscosity and is difficult to heat uniformly.

In the food production process, “heating” is a very important process for imparting various properties and characteristics to the object to be processed. Therefore, by using various heating methods according to the use and purpose of the object to be processed, it becomes possible to improve the efficiency of production, improve the quality of products, differentiate the products, and the like.
An example of primary heating at a low temperature around 40-50 ° C. using internal heating such as Joule heating, microwave heating, high frequency heating, etc. for imparting and improving formability of livestock and processed fishery products is there. In such a case, the object to be heated maintains self-fluidity in the heating zone, and using the self-fluidity, for example, it is not possible to perform internal heating while continuously transferring the object to be heated with a pump or the like. It was possible. However, if the temperature is higher than that, particularly 85 ° C. or higher and close to 100 ° C., the amount of water vapor generated increases, so that the object to be heated cannot be sent stably, and there is a problem such as bumping. Moreover, since it was not stirred, there also existed a problem which the temperature difference by a site | part generate | occur | produced.

While examining the heating method using the internal heating method, the present inventors have found that an excellent effect can be obtained by changing the discharge direction of the object to be heated from the horizontal direction to the vertical upward direction. Was completed.
Various devices and methods for continuous heating of livestock and marine product-derived thermocoagulable proteins using an internal heating method have been proposed, but there were serious drawbacks in their use and operation. Any of the conventional methods is a method or an apparatus that heats an object to be heated while moving it horizontally with respect to gravity (hereinafter, this method is referred to as a horizontal discharge method (FIG. 1)).
In the case of this horizontal discharge method, if the temperature of the object to be heated is low, the object to be heated closes the flow path in a high temperature range such as 70 to 120 ° C. Since the specific gravity is smaller than the surrounding material, it moves to the upper part of the heating cylinder (FIG. 2). However, since the open path of the steam is blocked in the cylinder, the pressure in the cylinder increases, and a flash phenomenon occurs in which the steam and the object to be heated are ejected all at once, making it impossible to stably discharge the heated object. Therefore, the steam generated in the cylinder by heating is heated by moving the heated cylinder in the direction of gravity, that is, vertically, while moving the object to be heated continuously in the direction opposite to the gravity direction (vertical discharge method). It was found that stable discharge of the heated object becomes possible by smoothly moving in the same direction as in FIG.

The gist of the present invention is the heating method (1) to (5) and the heating device (6) to (12).
(1) In a method in which an object to be heated is continuously heated by an internal heating method while being moved in the cylinder, the cylinder is installed vertically or substantially vertically (within 15 degrees of inclination) and heated. A heating method comprising heating an object while feeding it from the bottom to the top of the cylinder.
(2) The heating method according to (1), wherein the internal heating method is microwave heating, Joule heating, or high frequency heating.
(3) The heating method according to (1) or (2), wherein the heating is such that the center temperature of the object to be heated is 60 to 120 ° C.
(4) Any one of (1) to (3), wherein the object to be heated has a viscosity of 10 ³ mPa · s or more, contains protein or sugar and moisture, and has fluidity at least when introduced into the cylinder. Heating method.
(5) The heating method according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the object to be heated is food or medical material.
(6) In an apparatus that continuously heats a fluid to-be-heated object through an internal heating system while moving in a cylinder,
The cylinder is arranged vertically or substantially vertically (inclination within 15 degrees) so as to pass through a heating unit including a magnetron and a waveguide, and the object to be heated is directed from the bottom to the top in the cylinder. A heating device characterized by heating while feeding.
(7) The heating apparatus according to (6), further including a rotation mechanism that rotates the heating unit and the cylinder to change an inclination angle of the cylinder.
(8) The heating unit includes a chamber, a waveguide fixed to the chamber, and a magnetron connected to the waveguide, and the cylindrical body is disposed through the chamber (6 ) Or (7) heating device.
(9) The heating device according to any one of (6) to (8), wherein an upper end of the cylindrical body is opened in a state where the cylindrical body is arranged vertically or substantially vertically, and an object to be heated is discharged from the upper end of the cylindrical body. .
(10) A cylindrical body, a heating unit that continuously heats a fluid target to be heated that moves in the cylindrical body by an internal heating method, and the cylindrical body and the heating unit that rotate the cylindrical body A heating device comprising a rotation mechanism for changing the inclination angle of the heater.
(11) The heating unit includes a heating unit including a magnetron and a waveguide, and the cylinder is arranged vertically or substantially vertically (within an inclination of 15 degrees), and an object to be heated is placed in the cylinder. (10) The heating device that heats while feeding from bottom to top.
(12) The heating unit includes a heating unit including a Joule heating mechanism having a plurality of electrodes for energizing an object to be heated moving in the cylindrical body, and the cylindrical body is vertical or substantially vertical (15 (10) The heating apparatus which is disposed at an inclination of within a degree) and heats the object to be heated while feeding it from the bottom to the top in the cylindrical body.

  In the heating method and apparatus of the present invention, the object to be heated is moved in the direction opposite to the gravitational direction G, so that the natural release direction of the steam S generated inside matches the moving direction of the object to be heated, and the heating cylinder 4 is moved. While using like a chimney, preventing the steam S from staying in the cylinder and increasing the internal pressure, the object to be heated can be moved smoothly and stably (FIG. 3). Furthermore, the steam S rising along the inner wall surface of the heating cylinder 4 has a function of reducing the dynamic frictional resistance between the inner wall surface of the cylinder 4 and the object to be heated and assisting the smooth movement of the object to be heated. Yes. Also, by making the heating cylinder 4 vertical, the internal pressure of the object to be heated filled in the cylinder 4 increases due to its own weight, and the steam S generated by heating and the expansion of the object to be heated are suppressed. These multiple effects are combined to enable continuous heating by an effective internal heating method. Also, by using a device equipped with a rotating mechanism that changes the tilt angle of the cylinder, it is possible to increase the work efficiency, for example, by allowing the cylinder to be vertical when performing vertical heating and sideways during preparation and cleaning. it can.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a conventional horizontal discharge method. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the state of steam when heated using the horizontal discharge method of the prior art. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the movement of water vapor during heating in the cylinder when the object to be heated is heated using the vertical discharge method. FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a heating device used in the present invention. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an aspect of a microwave heating apparatus used when microwave heating is used as the internal heating method. FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of a Joule heating device used when Joule heating is used as the internal heating method. FIG. 7 is a front view of the heating apparatus 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the internal structure of the heating apparatus 10. FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state in which the heating device 10 is rotated. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of the heating apparatus 10 in the X-X ′ cross section of FIG. 9.

According to the present invention, in a method of continuously heating an object to be heated while moving in a cylinder by an internal heating method, the cylinder is installed vertically or substantially vertically (inclination within 15 degrees). A heating method is characterized in that heating is performed while feeding a heated object from the bottom to the top in the cylindrical body.
A heating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is an apparatus that continuously heats a fluid object to be heated in a cylindrical body by an internal heating method, and the cylindrical body includes a magnetron and a waveguide. It is arranged vertically or substantially vertically (within an inclination of 15 degrees) so as to pass through the inside of the heating unit, and is heated while feeding the object to be heated from the bottom to the top in the cylinder. .
A heating device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a cylindrical body, a heating unit that continuously heats a fluid target to be moved that moves in the cylindrical body by an internal heating method, the cylindrical body, It includes a rotation mechanism that rotates the heating unit to change the inclination angle of the cylindrical body.

In the present invention, the object to be heated may be any kind from liquid to solid, but at least at the time of the raw material, fluidity that can be fed into the cylinder is required. In particular, the present invention is suitable for heating a raw material having a certain viscosity. If it is water with low viscosity, convection will occur during movement even if continuous heating is performed in the cylinder, so there will be no temperature difference and there will be no problem even with the horizontal discharge method. . However, when the viscosity is high, heat conduction by convection becomes difficult, so a local temperature difference is likely to occur, and stable ejection cannot be expected. Suitable for heating liquid to gel-like components containing moisture and having a viscosity of 10 ³ mPa · s or more.
Specifically, the present invention is suitable for heating natural products and food materials containing moisture and saccharides such as protein and starch. Food materials with high viscosity, such as kneaded meat, miso, potato-like physical properties, cream-like physical properties, strawberry-like physical properties, or natural ingredients derived from pharmaceutical ingredients, pharmaceutical ingredients, The heating by the vertical discharge method of the present invention is suitable for continuously heating health food materials, culture media and the like containing proteins and sugars by internal heating.
In the present invention, the “cylindrical body” means that an object to be heated can be passed through the inside thereof, and an internal heating system, that is, a microwave / high frequency is transmitted, it has electrical insulation, and further has heat resistance. The material made is preferred. In addition, a synthetic resin, a silicon resin, a fluorinated resin, or a cylinder whose surface is processed with these materials is preferable because the object to be heated is less likely to adhere. The diameter of the cylinder depends on the heating method and heating energy. In the case of microwave heating, a cylinder having a diameter of 40 mm or less, preferably 30 mm or less is desirable because the microwave half depth of the raw material used in the present invention is not deep. High-frequency heating has a deep half-depth of electromagnetic waves as compared with microwaves, so that a thick cylinder can be used. In Joule heating, the microwave and the heating principle are different, so theoretically, depending on the size of the heating electrode, a diameter of 200 mm is possible. The length of the cylinder is adjusted to a length that takes into account the internal moving speed of the article to be heated and the necessary temperature.
In the present invention, “installing the cylinder vertically or substantially vertically (within 15 degrees of inclination)” means that the part of the cylinder heated by the internal heating method is installed vertically or substantially vertically. The front and rear portions need not be vertical. In principle, vertical is preferable, but depending on the object to be heated, if the inclination is within about 15 degrees, preferably within about 5 degrees, the effect is not greatly impaired.
Specifically, for example, the object to be heated is fed into the heating cylinder 4 in the manner shown in FIG. An internal heating type heating device is arranged outside the heating cylinder 4 portion. For example, it is an apparatus for microwave heating shown in FIG. 5 or Joule heating shown in FIG.

Joule heating is one of internal heating methods also called current heating. In this method, a heated object such as food is directly energized to generate heat due to the electric resistance of the heated object. As an apparatus for joule heating for continuously heating a food having fluidity, an apparatus as disclosed in Patent Documents 1 to 4 and the like can be used. Basically, as shown in FIG. 6, it has an insulating cylinder 4 and electrodes E, E provided in pairs with the cylinder 4, and the electrodes E, E are connected to a power source. Is a Joule heating device, and a pump 1 (for example, a meat feeding pump) is connected to the cylinder 4 so as to continuously feed an object to be heated. The apparatus can be used in the manufacturing method of the invention. The heating cylinder 4 is installed vertically or substantially vertically, and the discharge direction D of the heated food is opposite to the gravity direction G. There are also known techniques for preventing food from burning inside the cylinder 4 even when fluid food is Joule heated in the cylinder 4, and providing a temperature sensor for temperature control. . These techniques can also be used in the present invention.
For example, a device having a voltage of 150 to 400 V and a current of about 10 to 30 A can be used.
The high-frequency heating can be heated by applying a high-frequency voltage by passing a high-frequency current F between the electrodes E and E shown in FIG.

Microwave heating is a method of heating by vigorously vibrating an electric dipole such as a water molecule contained in an object to be heated by high frequency, and its principle is widely applied to household microwave ovens. . The apparatus disclosed in Patent Documents 10 to 11 can be used as the microwave heating apparatus. Basically, as shown in FIG. 5, it consists of a heating cylinder 4 having high-frequency permeability, for example, a fluororesin-like heating cylinder 4 and a device for irradiating the cylinder 4 with a high frequency. If the pump 1 is connected so that the food material can be fed and there is a tray or a cooling unit 2 for receiving the heated food, the apparatus can be used in the manufacturing method of the present invention. The microwave heating apparatus shown in FIG. 5 has a heating cylinder 4 installed vertically or substantially vertically so that the direction opposite to the gravity direction G becomes the discharge direction D of the heated food, and around the heating cylinder 4. It has three magnetrons 3 arranged at different heights. As shown in the figure from the upper part of the heating cylinder, the magnetron 3 is arranged with a phase difference of 120 degrees and can irradiate the object to be heated in the heating cylinder 4 with microwaves from three directions.
For example, an apparatus of about 2450 MHz, 200 V, 20 A can be used.
High-frequency heating is a heating method using an electromagnetic wave having a frequency lower than that of microwave heating, but the apparatus and the theory can be basically the same as those for microwave heating.

Methods for heating raw materials and products in the food manufacturing process are classified into an external heating method (direct heating and indirect heating) and an internal heating method. The external heating method requires a heating medium (hot iron) having a temperature higher than the target temperature in order to heat the object to be heated to the target temperature. That is, a temperature difference is required to move the heat energy between the heated object and the heat medium, and it is inevitable that a part of the heated object becomes higher than the heating target temperature. For this reason, in order to avoid overheating, heating with an external heating device requires adjustment of the heating temperature and time, or stirring of the article to be heated. On the other hand, Joule heating and microwave heating, which are internal heating methods, are heated using self-heating of the object to be heated. Therefore, the following features are known.
1) There is no heating medium, so there is no heating above the set temperature.
2) Temperature control of the object to be heated is based on electrical control, so accurate temperature adjustment is possible.
3) Heating is possible regardless of the viscosity of the food. Also, a liquid with low heat conduction can be heated rapidly.
4) Solid food can be heated evenly.
5) Uniform and quick heating is possible.

By using the vertical discharge method, steam generated in the cylinder during heating moves in the cylinder opposite to the direction of gravity, that is, in the upper part, like the chimney. Furthermore, since the object to be heated also moves upward in the cylindrical body, the direction of movement of the vapor generated inside coincides with the moving direction of the object to be heated. As a result, it was possible to stably discharge the heated object without causing any internal stagnation of steam. The steam rising along the heating cylinder wall surface has a function of reducing the dynamic frictional resistance between the cylinder wall surface and the object to be heated and assisting the smooth movement of the object to be heated.
In addition, by using the vertical direction discharge method, the object to be heated in the heating cylinder always receives its own weight proportional to the long axis length of the heating cylinder due to gravity, and the internal pressure increases. For this reason, the boiling point of the water contained in the raw material is increased, and the water can be stably heated to a temperature higher than normal pressure. Furthermore, the steam generated in the heating cylinder and the object to be heated are prevented from being heated and expanded by heating, thereby contributing to stable discharge of the object to be heated.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 7 is a front view of the heating apparatus 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the internal structure of the heating apparatus 10. FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state where the heating device 10 is rotated. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the internal structure of the heating apparatus 10 in the XX ′ cross section of FIG. 9.

The heating device 10 includes a machine base 12, two columns 14 and 14 provided on the machine table 12, a casing 16 rotatably disposed between the columns 14 and 14, and a rotation that rotates the casing 16. It has the mechanism 20, the heating part 30 arrange | positioned inside the housing | casing 16, and the cylinder 40 which penetrates the housing | casing 16 to an up-down direction. The casing 16 has rotating shaft portions 28 and 28 projecting from both side surfaces near the center in the vertical direction so as to penetrate the columns 14 and 14, and the rotating shaft portions 28 and 28 are rotatably supported on the upper portion of the column 14. Has been. A pulley 26 a protruding from the column 14 is fixed to the tip of the rotating shaft portion 28.
The rotating mechanism 20 includes an electric motor 22 fixed on the machine base 12, a belt 24 that connects a pulley 26 b that is rotated by the motor 22 and a pulley 26 a that is fixed to the rotating shaft portions 28 and 28 of the housing 16. Have. When the motor 22 is driven to rotate the pulley 26b, the pulley 26a connected by the belt 24 rotates and the housing 16 can rotate about the rotation center axis o. The rotation center axis o can be near the center in the height direction of the housing 16 and the cylinder 40. The rotation mechanism 20 can change the inclination angle of the cylinder 40 by rotating the cylinder 40 and the heating unit 30. The inclination angle of the cylindrical body 40 is an angle at which the cylindrical body 40 is inclined with respect to the vertical when the vertical to the ground plane is 0 degree.
The cylindrical body 40 has both ends protruding from the housing 16 connected to the pipes 42 and 44 by metal fittings 46 and 46. The pipe 42 connected to the lower end of the cylindrical body 40 is connected to a raw material supply pump (not shown) and can continuously supply an object to be heated to the heating device 10. The pipe 44 connected to the upper end of the cylindrical body 40 has a curved open end 44a. The object to be heated while moving in the cylinder 40 is discharged from the open end 44 a of the pipe 44. Thus, the upper end of the cylinder 40 is opened upward via the pipe 44, so that the steam generated inside the cylinder 40 can be exhausted without staying inside.

FIG. 8 shows the structure of the heating unit 30 disposed inside the housing 16. In the example shown in the figure, the heating unit 30 has a microwave heating mechanism disposed around the cylinder 40 that vertically penetrates the casing 16, but a configuration in which a Joule heating mechanism as illustrated in FIG. 6 is disposed. In that case, a plurality of electrodes for energizing the object to be heated can be provided. In the housing 16, a plurality of, for example, six chambers 32 are stacked and connected in the vertical direction of the housing 16, and the cylindrical body 40 penetrates the chamber 32 in the vertical direction.
As shown in FIG. 10, the chamber 32 has a hexagonal column shape with a hexagonal cross section, and a waveguide 34 is connected to three of the six side wall surfaces. A magnetron 36 and a cooling fan (not shown) are fixed. Therefore, three magnetrons 36 are installed in one chamber 32, and the object to be heated in the cylinder 40 passing through the center of the chamber 32 is efficiently heated by irradiating microwaves from three directions. be able to. In addition, six chambers 32 are stacked along the direction in which the object to be heated moves, and the waveguides 34 are arranged 30 degrees out of phase, so that heating is performed evenly from the entire circumference of the object to be heated. There is little uneven heating. Therefore, even if the feeding speed of the heated object is increased, the heated object can be heated to a desired temperature.

The heating apparatus 10 rotates the casing 16 by 90 degrees by driving the motor 22 of the rotating mechanism 20 during cleaning and maintenance of the cylindrical body 40, and the cylindrical body 40 is disposed horizontally as shown in FIG. In this state, the cylindrical body 40 can be pulled out from the housing 16 in the direction of arrow A.
When heating an object to be heated, it is preferable that the cylinder 40 be vertical or substantially vertical (tilt within 15 degrees) as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, but the cylinder 40 is heated for cleaning and maintenance. When pulling out from the apparatus 10 and removing it, the workability is remarkably improved by leveling the cylindrical body 40 in this way. In particular, when the object to be heated is a food material, the removal and cleaning steps of the cylinder 40 are frequently performed, so that the improvement in workability greatly affects the improvement in production efficiency. 7 and 8, the center axis P of the cylinder 40 is perpendicular to the ground plane of the machine base 12, and the center axis P of the cylinder 40 is horizontal to the ground plane of the machine base 12 in FIG. 9. Shows the state.
In addition, when the cylinder 40 is pulled upward in the state as shown in FIG. 7, the ceiling of the factory where the heating device 10 is installed must be high, but if the cylinder 40 can be leveled as shown in FIG. It is possible to install the heating device 10 even in a factory with a low height. The cylinder body 40 is not limited to being horizontal, and it is sufficient that the inclination angle of the cylinder body 40 can be changed to an appropriate angle, and can be set as appropriate according to the working state. The rotating mechanism 20 uses the electric motor 22, but is not limited thereto, and for example, a hydraulic actuator, a pneumatic actuator, or a manual can be used.

The heating method using the heating apparatus 10 is to feed the object to be heated from a raw material pump (not shown) to the pipe 42 with the cylinder 40 fixed vertically or substantially vertically (within 15 degrees) as shown in FIG. Then, the heating unit 30 in the housing 16 is moved into the cylindrical body 40 penetrating. Microwaves generated by the 18 magnetrons 36 in the heating unit 30 are guided into the chamber 32 through the waveguide 34 and irradiate the cylindrical body 40 near the center of the chamber 32. The object to be heated is continuously heated by the microwave while moving in the cylindrical body 40.
As shown in FIG. 7, when a peripheral device such as a transfer device 50 is arranged next to the heating device 10 as shown in FIG. Move outside the 16 radius of rotation. Furthermore, the metal fittings 46 are removed to release the connection between the pipes 42 and 44 and the cylindrical body 16. Then, the motor 22 of the rotating mechanism 20 is driven to rotate the housing 16 about the rotation center axis o, and when the motor 16 is rotated by a predetermined angle, for example, 90 degrees, the driving of the motor 22 is stopped. As shown in FIG. 9, since the cylinder 40 is horizontal or substantially horizontal (inclination within 15 degrees with respect to the horizontal), the operator can easily pull out the casing 16 along the direction of the arrow A.
As shown in FIG. 7, the heating device 10 can be provided with a transport device 50. The conveyance device 50 includes a belt conveyor 52, and an open end 44 a at the tip of the curved pipe 44 opens on the belt conveyor 52. In such a configuration, when a fluid object to be heated is continuously fed into the heating apparatus 10 from the pipe 42 below the heating apparatus 10, the object to be heated heated from the pipe 44 above is conveyed. It is pushed out towards the device 50. For example, when the object to be heated is a raw material of protein processed food containing protein, lipid and moisture, the object to be heated after being heated can be cooled to a predetermined temperature while being conveyed on the belt conveyor 52 of the conveying device 50. .

  Examples of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Fish sausage raw materials were mixed to prepare kneaded meat, which was supplied to a vertical-discharge-type fluororesin-type heating cylinder, and a fish sausage without a casing was manufactured by Joule heating and / or microwave heating.
In the formulation shown in Table 1, salt was added to the surimi and salted, and then other seasonings, vegetable protein, vegetable oil and water were added and mixed to prepare a paste.

Using the equipment and conditions shown in Table 2, the voltage and current were adjusted in the case of Joule heating so that the heating temperature was 85 ° C. at the center temperature of the discharged heated object. In the case of microwave heating, the output of the magnetron was adjusted. The equipment used was a type of apparatus in which electrodes were provided in pairs in a cylindrical body in a continuous process of Joule heating (FIG. 6). In the continuous processing of microwave heating, a microwave heating device was used in which a microwave generator (magnetron) was installed at a phase of 120 degrees in each section divided into three by a metal wall on the outer periphery of the cylinder ( FIG. 5).
In any of the methods, a fish sausage without a casing comparable to a fish sausage produced by filling a casing and performing retort processing was obtained. It was possible to stably produce fish sausage without a casing without clogging the kneaded meat in the cylinder.

Note 1: This is the center temperature of the object to be heated.
Note 2: The object to be heated was heated to 40 ° C. by Joule heating, and then heated to 85 ° C. by microwave heating.
Others: The meat feed pump was a vacuum metering machine manufactured by Handtmann or a MONO pump manufactured by Hyojin. As the heating cylinder, a fluororesin tube having a diameter of 23 mm was used.

Heating was performed under the conditions shown in Table 3 using the same kneaded meat as in Example 1 and the same Joule heating device.
Under the conditions in Table 3, it was possible to continuously produce a fish sausage without a casing comparable to the fish sausage produced by filling the casing and retorting.

Using the same kneaded meat as in Example 1 and the same microwave heating apparatus, heating was performed under the conditions shown in Table 4.
Under the conditions shown in Table 4, it was possible to continuously produce a fish sausage without a casing comparable to the fish sausage produced by filling the casing and retorting.

[Comparative Example 1]
Production of a casingless fish sausage similar to the case of using the microwave heating apparatus of Example 1 was performed with the heating cylinder portion inclined 45 degrees instead of vertically.
At an inclination of 45 degrees, as in the case of the horizontal discharge method, water vapor rises toward the upper side of the cylinder, so that the upper half is overheated, the lower half is underheated, and uniform heating is not possible. It was confirmed that it was necessary for steam to rise uniformly inside the cylinder.

  Using the apparatus of the present invention, a test was conducted in which the okara was sterilized by heating in a state where the cylinder was vertical and a state where the cylinder was horizontal. In any case, heating could be performed, but the vertical orientation had less unevenness due to the part, and the heating could be performed uniformly. In the case of heat sterilization, it is not preferable that there is a portion where the temperature does not rise sufficiently, and the superiority of vertical heating could be confirmed.

  Internal heating is characterized by the efficient conversion of electrical energy into thermal energy, which can be used to reduce fossil fuel consumption and global warming gas, and is useful for various food processing industries. A method can be provided. According to the production method of the present invention, a fluid article to be heated can be stably and uniformly heated.

1 meat feeding pump, 2 cooling section, 3 magnetron, 4 heating cylinder, D discharge direction, G gravity direction, S steam, E electrode, F high frequency current, 10 heating device, 12 units, 14 struts, 16 housing, 20 rotating mechanism, 22 motor, 24 belt, 26a, 26b pulley, 28 rotating shaft, 30 heating unit, 32 chamber, 34 waveguide, 36 magnetron, 40 cylinder, 42 piping, 44 piping, 44a open end, 46 Metal fittings, 50 Conveying device, 52 Belt conveyor, A arrow, o Rotation center axis, P Center axis of cylinder

Claims (8)

In the method in which the center temperature of the object to be heated is continuously set to 60 to 120 ° C. by microwave heating while moving the object to be heated in the cylinder, the cylinder is vertical or inclined. A heating method, wherein the heating method is set up substantially vertically within 15 degrees and heated while feeding an object to be heated from the bottom to the top of the cylindrical body. However, the object to be heated is not convected by heating. The heating method according to claim 1, wherein the article to be heated contains a protein or saccharide having a viscosity of 10 ³ mPa · s or more and water, and has fluidity at least when introduced into the cylinder.   The heating method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the article to be heated is a food or medical material. In an apparatus that heats the fluid to-be-heated object in the cylinder while continuously heating by microwave heating so that the center temperature of the object to be heated is 60 to 120 ° C.
The cylindrical body is disposed vertically or substantially vertically with an inclination of 15 degrees or less so as to pass through a heating unit including a magnetron and a waveguide, and the object to be heated is directed from the bottom to the top in the cylindrical body. A heating device characterized by heating while feeding. However, the object to be heated is not convected by heating.   The heating apparatus according to claim 4, further comprising a rotation mechanism that rotates the heating unit and the cylindrical body to change an inclination angle of the cylindrical body.   The heating unit includes a chamber, a waveguide fixed to the chamber, and a magnetron connected to the waveguide, and the cylindrical body is disposed through the chamber. Heating device.   The heating device according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein an upper end of the cylindrical body is opened in a state where the cylindrical body is arranged vertically or substantially vertically, and an object to be heated is discharged from the upper end of the cylindrical body. A cylindrical body, and a heating unit that continuously heats the fluid heated object moving through the cylindrical body by microwave heating so that the center temperature of the heated object is 60 to 120 ° C., and A heating apparatus comprising: a rotating mechanism that rotates the cylinder and the heating unit to change an inclination angle of the cylinder. However, the object to be heated is not convected by heating.

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