JP6043684B2 - Over-cutting method and over-cutting die - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a punching method and a punching die for performing a punching process on a plate-shaped workpiece, and more specifically, shearing a portion (scrap) cut and separated from the workpiece during the punching process of the workpiece. In addition, the present invention relates to a punching method and a punching die in which the scrap portion is pierced and sheared only by a punch die.

  Conventionally, when performing a punching process for a plate-shaped workpiece, every time the workpiece is punched, a fine plastic deformation occurs on the surface of the workpiece, which causes a problem in improving the appearance. In view of this, there has been proposed an additional punching method that suppresses the occurrence of the plastic deformation by repeating punching to the middle of the punch blade using a punch having an inclined punch blade.

  In the above-described punching method, there is a new problem that a portion that is cut and separated from a workpiece and becomes scrap is generated for a long time. In order to solve such a problem, there has been proposed a punching die for cutting a scrap generated every time a workpiece is punched (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

JP-A-6-297053 JP 2003-230920 A

  The punching die described in Patent Document 1 has a configuration as shown in FIG. That is, the punching die is provided with a punch 101 and a die 103. The punch 101 includes a blade body 105 having a rectangular cross-sectional shape. A punching blade 105A and a cutting blade 105B, both of which are inclined, are provided at the tip (lower end) of the blade body 105. I have. The widths A and B of the punching blade portion 105A and the cutting blade portion 105B are substantially equal, and a step portion 107 is formed between the punching blade portion 105A and the cutting blade portion 105B. It is.

  The die 103 includes a slit-shaped recess 103B adjacent to the punching through hole 103A corresponding to the punching blade 105A of the punch 101. The incision recess 103B is a portion corresponding to the incision blade portion 105B of the punch 101, but is sufficiently longer than the width dimension B of the incision blade portion 105B. The bottom wall 109 of the notch recess 103B is provided with a cutting edge 109A corresponding to the step 107.

  5A, after positioning the workpiece W on the die 103 as shown in FIG. 5A, the punch 101 is lowered and punching of the workpiece W is performed as shown in FIG. The scrap S1 is punched by the punching blade portion 105A of the punch 101, and is cut and separated by the cooperation of the cutting edge 109A and the step portion 107. The continuous portion S2 continuous to the scrap S1 is punched by the cutting blade portion 105B of the punch 101, but is not cut and separated from the workpiece W, but is inclined in the cutting recess 103B of the die 103. It is in a state (see FIGS. 5B and 5C).

  Thereafter, the workpiece W is moved so that the continuous portion S2 of the workpiece W is positioned in the punching through hole 103A of the die 103 (see FIG. 5D), and then the punch 101 is lowered to punch the workpiece W. As a result, new scrap S1 and continuous portion S2 are processed (see FIG. 5E). That is, the workpiece W is additionally punched by repeatedly punching the scrap S1 and the continuous portion S2 one after another from the workpiece W.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5F, the punch 101 and the die 103 configured as described above have a problem that the continuous portion S2 remains in the final process, and a cutting edge is formed at the bottom of the cutting recess 103B in the die 103. There is a problem that the bottom wall 109 provided with 109A is required and the configuration of the die 103 is complicated.

  For example, when the workpiece W is a thick plate having a thickness of 3 mm or more, the space between the punching through hole 103A and the cutting edge 109A in the die 103 is narrow and there is no sufficient space, and the scrap S1 Since the total area (mass) is large, the scrap S1 may be clogged between the inner peripheral surface of the punching through hole 103A and the cutting edge 109A, and the scrap S may not be discharged smoothly. There is a problem that there is.

  The configuration described in Patent Document 2 is as shown in FIG. That is, the punch 201 is provided with a tilted shear blade 205 and a horizontal shear blade 207 on the lower surface of the punch blade 203. Further, a projecting shear blade 209 projecting downward is provided on the lower surface of the punch blade portion 203, and a step portion 211 is formed between the projecting shear blade 209 and the horizontal shear blade 207.

  In the die 213 that performs the punching process on the plate-like workpiece W in cooperation with the punch 201, a rectangular die hole 215 corresponding to the punch blade portion 203 is formed. A scrap shearing blade 219 for shearing the scrap S (see FIG. 6D) in cooperation with the protruding shearing blade 209 is provided in the scrap discharge hole 217 below the die hole 215. It has been.

  In the above configuration, in order to perform the punching process on the workpiece W, the punching process of the start end hole WH (see FIG. 6A) is performed in advance on the starting end portion of the workpiece W to be punched, and the workpiece W is punched. A terminal hole (not shown) is punched in advance at the terminal position. When the workpiece W is additionally punched, first, the start hole WH of the workpiece W is positioned at a position corresponding to the protruding shearing blade 209 of the punch 201 as shown in FIG.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 6 (B), the portion adjacent to the start hole WH is half-punched by the inclined shear blade 205 and the horizontal shear blade 207. Then, as shown in FIG. 6C, when the tip end side of the half-punched portion is positioned at a position corresponding to the protruding shear blade 209 and shearing is performed, it is shown in FIG. 6D. As described above, the scrap S is sheared by the cooperation of the protruding shear blade 209 and the scrap shear blade 219, and the subsequent half-cutting process is performed. By repeating the shearing process as described above up to the position of the terminal hole that has been processed in advance, the additional punching process is performed.

  In the above-described case, the half-cutting part does not remain, and the above-mentioned problem in Patent Document 1 is solved, but the start-end hole and the end-hole are provided at the start-end part and the end-end part of the workpiece to be subjected to the additional punching process. It has a new problem that it needs to be processed in advance.

  For example, when the thickness of the workpiece W is 3 mm or more, the space between the scrap discharge hole 217 below the die hole 215 and the scrap shearing blade 219 in the die 213 is narrow and sufficient. In addition, since the total area (mass) of the scrap S is large, the scrap S may be clogged between the inner peripheral surface of the scrap discharge hole 217 and the scrap cutting blade 219, so that the scrap S can be discharged smoothly. There is a problem that there are things that cannot be done.

  By the way, in the configuration of Patent Documents 1 and 2, a pair of shear blades (in Patent Document 1, punching blade portion 105A and cutting edge 109A, in Patent Document 2, projecting shear blade 209 and scrap shear blade 219). In this configuration, the scrap S is sheared. Therefore, it is necessary to provide the cutting edge 109A and the scrap shearing blade 219 inside the die, and there is a problem that the configuration of the die is complicated.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and is a die mold having a long die hole, and a punch mold having a punch blade portion that can be engaged and disengaged with respect to the die hole. A punching method for performing a punching process of a plate-like workpiece by the method, wherein when the punch blade part is engaged with the die hole, both sides of the die hole in the width direction and the progressing direction of the punching process are obtained. The step (a) of forming a half-punched portion whose direction is connected to the workpiece, and a tip side portion integrated only with the half-punched portion is provided only by a parting blade portion provided on the lower surface of the punch blade portion. (B) step of piercing and shearing, (c) step of repeating the steps (a) and (b) an appropriate number of times, and (d) step of shearing and separating the half-punched portion from the workpiece in the final step It is characterized by having That.

  Further, it is a punching die having a punch die and a die die, the die die having a long die hole on the upper surface and a hollow part below the die hole. A die main body, the punch die includes a punch blade portion that is detachably engageable with the die hole, and when the punch blade portion is engaged with the die hole, An inclined shearing blade for forming a half-punched portion in which three directions of the advance direction of the follow-up machining are connected to the workpiece is provided on the lower surface of the punch blade portion, and only integral with the half-punched portion. A cut-off blade portion for breaking through and shearing the tip side portion is provided on the lower surface of the punch blade portion.

  Moreover, in the die for over-drawing processing, the inclined shearing blade is inclined at a lower central portion side of the punch blade portion, and the cut-off blade portion is formed to project downward from the inclined shearing blade. The step portion which is the boundary between the inclined shearing blade and the parting blade portion is formed in a substantially arcuate curved surface.

  Moreover, in the die for additional punching, the height difference between the inclined upper end and the inclined lower end of the inclined shearing blade is smaller than the step size of the stepped portion.

  Further, in the die for additional machining, the edge angle of the step portion provided at the boundary between the inclined shearing blade and the cut-off blade portion is formed at 90 ° or an acute angle.

  According to the present invention, when performing a punching process on a plate-like workpiece by cooperation of a punch die and a die die, the tip side of the part that has been half-punched from the workpiece can be cut and separated, and scrap can be removed. In addition to being able to shear shortly, in the final process, it can be processed without leaving a half-punched part. Further, in the die, the lower side of the die hole can be formed in the hollow portion, and the configuration of the die can be simplified.

It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of a punch metal mold | die. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of a die metal mold | die. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the follow-up process by cooperation with a punch metal mold | die and a die metal mold | die. It is explanatory drawing of the fine plastic deformation generation position which arises at the time of a punching process. It is explanatory drawing of the structure and effect | action of the conventional punch and die | dye. It is explanatory drawing of the structure and effect | action of the conventional punch and die | dye.

  Referring to FIG. 1, a punch mold 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a punch body (punch body) 3 having a circular cross-sectional shape. The punch body 3 is fitted in a cylindrical punch guide in an upper die mounted on an upper die holder (for example, an upper turret) in a punch press such as a turret punch press so as to be movable up and down. In addition, since the structure of the upper mold is a well-known structure, in order to facilitate understanding, description of the overall structure of the upper mold will be omitted, and only the main structure will be described. .

  A punch blade portion 5 having a rectangular cross-sectional shape and long in the radial direction of the punch body 3 is provided at the lower central portion of the punch body 3 so as to protrude downward. The tip end surface (lower surface) of the punch blade portion 5 is provided with an inclined shear blade 7 that is inclined at a lower central portion in the radial direction of the punch body 3 and is lower than the inclined shear blade 7. A cut-off blade portion 9 protruding to the left is provided. The punch blade portion 5 can be freely engaged and disengaged with respect to a die hole in a die mold to be described later.

  The boundary between the inclined shearing blade 7 and the cut-off blade portion 9 is formed in a step portion 11 having an edge 9E. The step portion 11 is a substantially arcuate curved surface as shown in FIG. Is formed. The step portion 11 is provided at the center of the punch blade portion 5, that is, at a position deviated from the axis of the punch body 3. In other words, as shown in FIG. 1, the length in the radial direction of the parting blade portion 9 is shorter than the length in the radial direction of the inclined shearing blade 7. And the lower end surface of the said cut-off blade part 9 inclines so that the center part side may become slightly low horizontally. That is, as shown in FIG. 1A, when the stepped portion 11 is viewed from the side, the angle of the edge 9E where the lower end surface of the cut-off blade portion 9 and the stepped portion 11 intersect is formed at 90 ° or an acute angle. It is.

  Therefore, when the workpiece is sheared, the shear force concentrates on the working portion of the edge 9E, so that the portion of the workpiece to be sheared cannot be sheared (cut) and is not caught up. )it can.

  The height difference H1 between the inclined upper end 7U and the inclined lower end 7L of the inclined shear blade 7 is formed to be smaller than the step size (level difference) H2 of the stepped portion 11. The height difference H1 in the inclined shearing blade 7 is such that when the inclined upper end 7U of the inclined shearing blade 7 coincides with the upper surface height of the workpiece W, the portion to be punched by the inclined shearing blade 7 of the workpiece W is half The height difference is set so that the punching (half blanking) state is achieved.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the die mold 13 for performing the punching process of the workpiece W in cooperation with the punch mold 1 includes a disk-shaped die body 15. On the upper surface of the die body 15, A rectangular die hole 17 corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the punch blade portion 5 is provided. And the lower side of this die hole 17 is formed in the hollow part 19 whose inside is empty.

  In the configuration as described above, after placing and positioning the plate-like workpiece W on the die body 15, the punch body 3 is lowered to insert the cut-off blade portion 9 into the die hole 17 of the die body 15, and the inclined shearing blade 7 stops when the inclined upper end 7U substantially coincides with the upper surface of the workpiece W (that is, when the punch blade portion 5 is shallowly engaged with the die hole 17), the cut-off blade portion 9 cuts and separates the workpiece W from the workpiece W. The power portion (scrap S) is cut and separated. And the workpiece | work of the part corresponding to the said inclination shearing blade 7 becomes the part HB by which the half-punch process (half blanking) was carried out (refer FIG. 3 (A)).

  For example, when the workpiece W is a carbon steel plate having a thickness of about 3 mm and a width of the scrap S of about 6 mm, there is no configuration corresponding to the conventional cutting edge 109A or the scrap shearing blade 219 described above. However, the portion of the scrap S could be sheared and separated. That is, the rigidity of the workpiece W is large, the half-punched portion HB is integral with the workpiece W, and the portion that becomes the scrap S is integral with only the half-punched portion HB. Therefore, when punching out the portion of the scrap S, the vicinity of the connection portion between the half-punched portion HB and the scrap S is pressed by the edge 9E of the parting blade portion 9, and the scrap S is sheared and separated from the half-punched portion HB. It is what is done.

  More specifically, the half-punched portion HB has two sides in the width direction of the die hole 17 (both sides in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 3A) and the direction of travel in the follow-up direction (FIG. 3A). The three directions (right direction in Fig. 1) are connected to the workpiece W. That is, the half-punched portion HB is one that is integral with the workpiece W in three directions and has high rigidity. And the front end side portion T (the portion that becomes the scrap S, see FIG. 3B) of the half-punched portion HB is integral only with the half-punched portion HB. In other words, the tip end portion T that becomes the scrap S is connected to the workpiece W through the semi-punched portion HB having a large rigidity.

  In the above configuration, the punch body 3 is lowered with respect to the die body 15, and an appropriate position between the half-punched portion HB and the tip side portion T, that is, the tip side that becomes the half-punched portion HB and the scrap S As shown in FIG. 3B, when the edge 9E of the cut-off blade portion 9 is shockedly abutted (struck) in the vicinity of the connection portion with the portion T, the edge 9E becomes a semi-punched portion HB having a large rigidity. And the tip end portion T is eroded and sheared (broken) so as to break through, and scrap S is generated. In this case, a shearing blade paired with the edge 9E is unnecessary.

  As described above, when the edge 9E of the cut-off blade portion 9 is impacted near the connection portion between the half-punched portion HB and the tip side portion T, the edge 9E is formed at 90 ° or an acute angle. Therefore, the shear stress concentrates on the hitting portion. Therefore, the tip end portion T can be easily broken as scrap S from the half-punched portion HB.

  As described above, when piercing and shearing (breaking) the tip side portion T, the hollow portion 19 of the die body 15 does not include a shearing blade that cooperates with the edge 9E of the parting blade portion 9, The scrap S is sheared (broken) only by the edge 9E of the parting blade 9 provided in the punch body 3. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide a shearing blade in the hollow portion 19 of the die body 15, and the configuration of the die body 15 can be simplified. Moreover, since the inside of the hollow part 19 is empty, the generated scrap S can be discharged smoothly.

  At the start of the additional punching process, as shown in FIG. 3A, the scrap S is cut and separated and the half-punched part HB is formed at the same time. Then, in the next additional punching process, the additional punching process is performed through the processes shown in FIGS. 3B and 3C. Also at this time, cutting and separating the scrap S and forming the half-punched portion HB are performed almost simultaneously. By the way, when shifting from the state shown in FIG. 3 (B) to the state shown in FIG. 3 (C), the scrap S is shear-separated while the length of the half-punched portion HB is kept short, and then the half-punch processing is performed. It is desirable to form the part HB longer. That is, the half punched portion can be lengthened to make the scrap S longer, and the number of punches can be reduced.

  By the way, as described above, when the scrap S is punched for the first time, the workpiece W is punched at the corner portion 9C of the parting blade portion 9. A minute plastic deformation portion 21 (see FIG. 4) is generated on the surface of the workpiece close to the punched portion at the corner portion 9C. However, since the stepped portion 11 in the parting blade portion 9 is formed in a substantially arc-shaped curved surface and does not have a corner portion, the portion that is punched by the stepped portion 11 includes the aforementioned plastic deformation portion. 21 is not produced.

  As described above, after punching the scrap S for the first time, the half-punched portion HB is positioned at a position corresponding to the cut-off blade portion 9 of the punch blade portion 5, and then the punch blade portion 5 is lowered. The punched portion HB is sheared and separated as the scrap S, and a new half punched portion HB is formed (see FIGS. 3B and 3C). That is, the workpiece W is subjected to the additional punching process by repeatedly separating the new scrap S and forming the new half-punched part HB.

  By the way, in the final process of the punching process of the workpiece W, as shown in FIG. 3D, the inclined upper end 7U of the inclined shearing blade 7 in the punch blade portion 5 enters the die hole 17 of the die body 15. The punch blade 5 is deeply engaged with the die hole 17. At this time, the scrap S and the part to be the half-punched part HB are simultaneously cut and separated from the workpiece W. Accordingly, the workpiece W is punched out at the corner of the inclined upper end 7U of the inclined shear blade 7, and a minute plastic deformation portion 21 is generated at a portion corresponding to the corner of the inclined upper end 7U. is there.

  As understood from the above description, when the workpiece W is a carbon steel plate having a thickness of, for example, about 3 mm (a steel plate with a thick plate (t = 3.2 or more) in so-called sheet metal processing), a punch die is used. When the workpiece W is punched out by cooperation between the die 1 and the die 13, the scrap S cut and separated from the workpiece W and the half-punched portion HB can be formed simultaneously, and the scrap S and the half-punched portion HB are formed. Are repeated to repeat the formation. Therefore, it is possible to perform the follow-up process with the scrap S shortened.

  Further, since the stepped portion 11 of the parting blade portion 9 that cuts and separates the half punched portion HB into the scrap S is formed in a substantially arcuate curved surface, the stepped portion 11 is used for shearing the workpiece W. The minute plastic deformation part 21 does not occur.

  In addition, when the punching process of the carbon steel plate is performed, when the part that becomes the half punching part HB and the scrap S is pressed by the edge 9E of the parting blade part 9, the scrap S is sheared and separated from the half punching part HB. Therefore, the die mold 13 only needs to have a die hole 17 corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the punch blade portion 5 in the punch mold 1. The hollow portion 19 can be empty, and the configuration of the die mold 13 can be simplified.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Punch die 3 Punch main body 5 Punch blade part 7 Inclined shear blade 9 Cut-off blade part 11 Step part 13 Die die 15 Die body 17 Die hole 21 Plastic deformation part

Claims (5)

A punching method for performing a punching process of a plate-shaped workpiece by a die mold having a long die hole and a punch mold having a punch blade portion that can be engaged and disengaged with respect to the die hole. ,
(A) When the punch blade portion is engaged with the die hole, a half punching portion in which both sides in the width direction of the die hole and the three directions of the advancement process are connected to the workpiece is formed. The process of
(B) a step of piercing and shearing the tip side portion that is integral only with the half-punched portion only by the cut-off blade portion provided on the lower surface of the punch blade portion;
(C) a step of repeating the steps (a) and (b) an appropriate number of times,
(D) a step of shearing and separating the half-punched portion from the workpiece in the final step;
An over-cutting method comprising the steps of:   A die for a punching process provided with a punch die and a die die, the die die having a long die hole on the upper surface and a hollow part below the die hole. The punch die includes a punch blade portion that is detachably engageable with the die hole, and when the punch blade portion is engaged with the die hole, both sides in the width direction of the die hole and a punching process are provided. The tip side is provided with an inclined inclined shearing blade on the lower surface of the punch blade portion for forming a half punching portion in which three directions of traveling directions are connected to the workpiece, and is integral only with the half punching portion. A punching die having a parting blade part for breaking through and shearing a part on a lower surface of the punching blade part.   3. The die for follow-up processing according to claim 2, wherein the inclined shearing blade is inclined at a lower central portion side of the punch blade portion, and the cut-off blade portion is formed to project downward from the inclined shearing blade. A stepping die is formed by forming a step portion, which is a boundary between the inclined shearing blade and the parting blade portion, in a substantially arcuate curved surface.   4. The die for overtaking according to claim 3, wherein a difference in height between the inclined upper end and the inclined lower end of the inclined shearing blade is smaller than the step size of the stepped portion.   5. The die for follow-up processing according to claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein an angle of an edge of a step portion provided at a boundary between the inclined shearing blade and the cut-off blade portion is 90 ° or an acute angle. Special die for punching.

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