JP6042963B1 - Temperature difference energy converter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve energy cooling efficiency of gas introduced into a container without using cold air so that energy can be converted. SOLUTION: A container (10) having a cylindrical side wall and a lower wall, into which a cooling liquid (W) is placed, and an upper opening (20) for taking in gas is provided on the upper side of the container (10). A lower opening 21 centered on the central axis (P) of the container (10) is provided at the center of the lower wall of the container (10), and gas is introduced into the upper side of the container (10) from the upper opening (20). A part or all of the working gas (G) is swirled as it is compressed and lowered to form the liquid (W) inside the liquid wall (H) having a funnel-shaped inner surface with the lower opening (21) open. Then, a fan mechanism (40) for deriving the working gas (G) from the lower opening (21) is provided, and has an axis coaxial with the central axis (P) of the container (10) and faces the lower opening (21). A turbine (T) that is rotated by the working gas (G) to be led out is provided. Remove power from (T). [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a temperature difference energy conversion device that circulates a gas and heats and cools it to obtain various energies using the temperature difference energy of the gas, and in particular, a turbine is interposed in the middle of the gas flow path. The present invention relates to a temperature difference energy conversion apparatus that converts gas temperature difference energy into power by a turbine and extracts the power.

  Conventionally, as a temperature difference energy conversion device, for example, a device disclosed in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2011-52609) previously proposed by the present applicant is known. As shown in FIG. 9, the temperature difference energy conversion apparatus includes a funnel-shaped heat conductive cylinder 1010 having an upper opening 1011 and a lower opening 1012, and warm air is introduced from the upper opening 1011 of the cylinder 1010. Then, the introduced warm air is moved to the lower opening 1012 side while swirling, and is cooled by heat exchange with the wall portion 1010a of the cylindrical body 1010. Cold air is ejected from the nozzle 1013 into the cylindrical body 1010 in the lower opening 1012. The air-fuel mixture is mixed with warm air and cooled at once. The cooled air-fuel mixture is led out from the lower opening 1012 of the cylindrical body 1010, and the turbine T provided in the air-fuel mixture outlet passage facing the lower opening 1012 is rotated to rotate the turbine. The power of T is taken out as electric power through the generator 1014.

JP 2011-52609 A

  However, in this conventional temperature difference energy conversion device, the warm air introduced into the cylinder 1010 is cooled by heat exchange with the wall 1010a of the cylinder 1010, and from the nozzle 1013 in the lower opening 1012. Although cool air is jetted to cool at once, the cooling efficiency is not necessarily good because of heat exchange with the solid that is the wall portion 1010a of the cylindrical body 1010, and the cool air is not ejected from the nozzle 1013. Since only the lower opening 1012 is used, the cooling efficiency is inferior also in this respect, and there is a disadvantage that the rotational force of the turbine T is weak and the output is small. Further, since the cool air is ejected from the nozzle 1013, there is a problem that the device becomes complicated because a device for producing the cool air is required.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and a temperature difference energy conversion device capable of energy conversion by improving the cooling efficiency of a gas introduced into a container without using cold air. The purpose is to provide.

  In order to achieve such an object, the temperature difference energy conversion device of the present invention will be described based on the principle diagram shown in FIG. 1. The temperature difference energy conversion device of the present invention has a cylindrical side wall and a lower wall and has a cooling liquid (W) inside. Is provided, and an upper opening (20) for taking in gas is provided on the upper side of the container (10), and the central axis (P) of the container (10) is provided at the center of the lower wall of the container (10). ), And a gas is taken in from the upper opening (20) on the upper side of the container (10), and a part or the whole is swung as a working gas (G) and compressed and lowered. The internal liquid (W) is formed in a liquid wall (H) having a funnel-shaped inner surface with the lower opening (21) open, and the working gas (G) is led out from the lower opening (21). A fan mechanism (40) is provided, and the central axis ( ) And has a configuration in which a turbine (T) which is rotated by a coaxial operating gas having an axis derives faces to the lower opening (21) (G). And power is taken out from this turbine (T), for example, it generates electric power with a generator.

  As a result, when the gas is taken in by the fan mechanism, the working gas is compressed and lowered while being swung from the upper side to the lower side in the container. Formed in a liquid wall having a funnel-shaped inner surface with the opening open, and is led out from the lower opening to rotate the turbine. In this process, when the working gas is compressed and lowered while being swirled, the pressure and temperature rise and become high pressure and high temperature. When the working gas is led out from the lower opening, it rapidly expands and becomes cold air. Rotate the turbine. In this case, since the high-pressure and high-temperature working gas contacts the funnel-shaped liquid wall, heat exchange is performed on the surface of the liquid, so that the cooling efficiency is extremely improved, and that is derived from the lower opening every second. It is possible to increase the comparative specific gravity of the mixed gas inside and outside the funnel, thereby increasing the momentum of the centrifugal force and improving the output of the turbine.

  In this configuration, a liquid wall adjustment unit that can adjust the angle of the funnel-shaped inner surface of the liquid wall as necessary is provided. By adjusting the angle of the funnel-shaped inner surface of the liquid wall to an appropriate angle, the lower opening can be secured and the working gas can be smoothly led out from the lower opening.

  In this case, a protrusion that is provided on the side wall so as to be movable back and forth with respect to the central axis from the inner surface side of the side wall, and can adjust the angle of the funnel-shaped inner surface of the liquid wall portion by the amount of forward and backward movement, and the protrusion It is effective to have a configuration provided with a drive unit for driving the. Since the rotational resistance of the liquid varies depending on the amount of protrusion of this protrusion, the angle of the funnel-shaped inner surface of the liquid wall is adjusted to an appropriate angle to secure the lower opening and lead out the working gas from the lower opening Can be performed smoothly.

  In the present apparatus, it is effective that the gas to be taken in is composed of outside air composed of the atmosphere, and the liquid is composed of water. Since energy can be taken out by heat exchange between inexhaustible outside air and water, versatility can be increased. In the case of outside air and water, when the working gas is compressed and swung down by the fan mechanism, the pressure and temperature rise, for example, a high pressure of about 30 atm, a high temperature of about 8000 ° C., On the inner surface of the liquid wall, the water constituting the liquid wall can be thermally decomposed. And if the working gas in a container is derived | led-out from lower opening, it will expand rapidly and it will become cold air, and a turbine is rotated. In this case, the inside of the liquid wall portion rises to about 200 ° C. to 300 ° C., but the working gas can be relatively deprived of heat to cool the working gas. As a result, heat is exchanged on the surface of the liquid, so that the cooling efficiency is extremely improved, and accordingly, the comparative specific gravity inside and outside the funnel of the air-fuel mixture derived from the lower opening is increased, thereby increasing the centrifugal force. The momentum can be increased and the output of the turbine can be improved.

  Moreover, it is set as the structure which provided the water supply part which supplies the water which comprises the said liquid wall part from the outside, and the circulating water path which circulates the water which comprises the said liquid wall part as needed. Water can be supplied by the water supply unit, and since water is circulated by the circulation channel, the cooling efficiency can be improved accordingly.

  In this case, when the water level at the upper end of the liquid wall portion exceeds a predetermined height, a recovery path is provided in the upper part of the container to drain out and recover the excess water, and the liquid is recovered through the recovery path. It can be set as the structure which provided the recovered water storage tank which stores water. The water whose temperature has risen can be recovered and the water level can be adjusted, and the liquid wall portion can be stabilized. The recovered water can be used as drinking water. In this case, water constituting the upper side of the liquid wall portion is recovered as drinking water from the recovery path. However, in the liquid wall portion, heavy water is concentrated on the lower side due to centrifugal force generated in the liquid wall portion. Since the deuterium-reduced water is on the upper side of the part and the recovered water becomes water on the upper side of the liquid wall, the deuterium-reduced water can be used as drinking water, which is extremely useful.

  Furthermore, in this case, a water amount sensor that detects the amount of water outflow from the recovery path is provided, and when the water amount sensor detects a large amount of water, the water supply from the water supply unit is stopped, and the water amount sensor When a small amount of water is detected, a water supply control unit that supplies water from the water supply unit can be provided. Since the water supply control unit can always maintain appropriate water, the liquid wall can be stabilized.

Further, if necessary, an upper wall is provided on the upper side of the container, the upper opening is provided at the center of the upper wall around the central axis of the container, and the fan mechanism is rotatably provided on the upper wall. A first fan that rotates about the central axis of the vessel; a motor that is provided on the upper wall and that rotates the first fan; and an upper rotary shaft that extends from the turbine and has the central axis of the vessel as an axis. A second fan that is rotated synchronously; and
The first fan has a suction port corresponding to the upper opening in the center, and a base that faces the upper wall close to the first fan, and a plurality of lines are equiangularly arranged on the base, and the working gas from the suction port is centrifuged. A first rotating blade that feeds in a direction, and a cover plate that penetrates the upper rotating shaft so as to be rotatable, covers the first rotating blade so as to face the base, and forms a working gas outlet on the outer periphery. Configure
The second fan, a inside the first rotary blade of said first fan and configured with a plurality of second rotary blades for delivering working gas from the suction port facing to the suction port in the centrifugal direction ing. The two fans, the first fan and the second fan, impart a centrifugal force to the working gas and rotate and compress it, so that the high pressure and high temperature can be reliably achieved.

  In this configuration, a water supply unit for supplying water constituting the liquid wall portion from the outside and a circulation water channel for circulating the water constituting the liquid wall portion are provided, and the circulation water channel is provided as a base of the first fan. It is effective to provide a water supply pipe for supplying water between the upper wall and the upper wall. Even if the first fan is pushed to the upper wall side by the internal pressure, water is supplied between the base of the first fan and the upper wall by the water supply pipe, so that the water serves as lubricating water, The first fan is pushed downward, so that the rotation of the first fan can be maintained smoothly.

  In this case, it is effective that the water supply unit is configured to supply water through the water supply pipe. The water supply pipe can be supplied simultaneously with circulating water and new water, and can be shared, so that the efficiency of the apparatus can be improved.

  In addition, if necessary, a working gas generation unit that takes in outside air by the suction force of the fan mechanism and supplies it to the fan mechanism as working gas is provided on the upper side of the container, and the working gas generation unit is provided on the outer periphery. The outside air intake provided, the working gas outlet provided inside and communicating with the upper opening, and provided between the outside air intake and the working gas outlet are separated by specific gravity to operate the gas having a smaller specific gravity. And a separation passage for forming a gas. Oxygen and carbon dioxide with heavy specific gravity can be separated by specific gravity, so that mainly nitrogen can be used as working gas. Therefore, by reducing oxygen, generation of nitrogen oxide (NOx) harmful gas in the container can be reduced.

  Furthermore, if necessary, the separation passage is provided between a passage inlet into which outside air enters and the working gas outlet, and a spiral first spiral passage centering on the central axis of the container, and the first spiral passage A spiral second spiral passage centering on the central axis of the container having a gas outlet of a gas having a large specific gravity on the outer peripheral side and communicating with the working gas outlet side of the first spiral passage. It is configured with. As a result, outside air that reaches the working gas outlet through the first spiral passage enters the second spiral passage by centrifugal force, is separated by specific gravity, and a gas having a large specific gravity is discharged from the gas outlet, and a gas having a small specific gravity is used as the working gas. It is sucked into the working gas outlet. Since the specific gravity is separated by the spiral path, the separation can be performed efficiently.

  Furthermore, if necessary, the working gas generating unit can be opened and closed, and when the pressure inside the container rises more than a predetermined value when closed, the working gas generating unit is opened so that the pressure can be released. Even if the pressure inside the container rises by more than a predetermined level and a so-called backfire occurs, the working gas generator opens and the pressure escapes, so safety can be achieved.

  Moreover, it is set as the structure which provided the washing | cleaning part which wash | cleans external air with water between the said external air intake and the working gas outlet as needed. Since the outside air can be washed by the washing unit, it is effective when taking out water from the liquid wall as drinking water.

  In this case, the cleaning unit includes a cleaning tank in which water is stored, and a water distribution path that distributes water constituting the lower side of the liquid wall to the cleaning tank, and the bottom of the cleaning tank A large number of small holes for blowing the outside air taken into the wall into the cleaning tank can be formed, and a water distribution pipe for draining dirty water into the cleaning tank can be linked. Thereby, water constituting the lower side of the liquid wall portion is distributed as washing water from the water distribution path, but in the liquid wall portion, heavy water is concentrated on the lower side due to centrifugal force generated in this, The washing water uses this heavy water and is drained after washing, so that the heavy water can be drained efficiently. In addition, since the outside air is jetted into the cleaning tank to be cleaned, the cleaning efficiency is extremely improved.

  Further, if necessary, an exhaust passage through which the working gas that has passed through the turbine is exhausted as exhaust gas is provided, a second outside air intake for taking in outside air is provided, and the second outside air intake is rotated by the power of the turbine. An outside air suction passage for sucking outside air by a suction fan is provided, and a part of the exhaust passage and a part of the outside air suction passage are arranged side by side through a heat exchange plate, and moisture in the outside air is removed by the heat exchange plate. It is configured to provide an outside air moisture extraction unit that condenses and takes out. As a result, heat exchange between the exhaust gas and the outside air is performed, so that the outside air can be used as a gas with very little moisture. Moreover, the water taken out from the outside air can be used.

  In this case, it is effective to provide a second cleaning section for cleaning the outside air with water on the second outside air intake side of the outside air suction passage. Outside air can be washed in the second washing section.

  In addition, if necessary, the second cleaning section includes a second cleaning tank in which water is stored, and a water distribution path that distributes water constituting the lower side of the liquid wall section to the second cleaning tank. A large number of small holes for blowing outside air taken into the bottom wall of the second cleaning tank into the second cleaning tank are formed, and a water distribution pipe for draining dirty water into the second cleaning tank is linked. It is made the composition made to do. Thereby, water constituting the lower side of the liquid wall portion is distributed as washing water from the water distribution path, but in the liquid wall portion, heavy water is concentrated on the lower side due to centrifugal force generated in this, The washing water uses this heavy water and is drained after washing, so that the heavy water can be drained efficiently. Moreover, since the outside air is jetted into the second cleaning tank from a large number of small holes for cleaning, the cleaning efficiency is extremely improved.

  In this case, the outside air moisture extraction portion is provided on the outer periphery of the container so that the exhaust passage and the outside air suction passage are parallel to the central axis of the container, and the heat exchange plate is provided on the exhaust passage and the outside air suction passage. It is formed in a bellows shape so as to be alternately arranged, and has a configuration in which an outside air moisture storage tank for outside water falling along the heat exchange plate is provided below the outside air moisture extraction unit. it can. Since the heat exchange plate is formed in a bellows shape so that the exhaust passage and the outside air suction passage are alternately arranged, the heat exchange efficiency can be improved. Moreover, the strength of the outer periphery of the container can be increased by the bellows-like heat exchange plate.

  Moreover, it is set as the structure which formed the exhaust passage of the lower side of the said container helically as needed. The centrifugal force of the exhaust can be increased, and the output of the turbine can be increased accordingly. Further, the strength on the bottom wall side of the container can be increased.

  Further, if necessary, the suction fan is provided on the lower rotating shaft of the turbine below the turbine, and a terminal portion of the outside air suction passage leading to the suction fan is provided below the container, An outside air exhaust passage is provided below the outside air exhaust passage to which the outside air exhaust from the suction fan is sent and merged with the exhaust passage constituting the outside air moisture extraction section, and the water condensed from the outside air exhaust is provided below the outside air exhaust passage. It is set as the structure which provided the water | moisture-content outflow path through which water flows out. Water separation can be performed efficiently.

  In this case, the outside air exhaust passage and the moisture outflow passage are formed in a spiral shape. Centrifugal force can be increased, and also in this respect, water can be separated efficiently. Further, the strength on the bottom wall side of the container can be increased.

If necessary, the central axis of the container extending from the turbine to the upper side of the turbine provided with the rotary shaft on the axis, numerous small in the axial direction to the tube wall thereby forming a tubular said on the rotation axis A hole is formed , and the moisture extraction part in the outside air is provided on the outer periphery of the container so that the exhaust passage and the outside air suction passage are parallel to the central axis of the container, and the heat exchange plate is provided in the exhaust passage and the outside air suction. formed in a bellows like passage is arrayed alternately provided outside air in the water reservoir of the outside air in the water to fall down along the heat exchange plate to the lower side in the outer air moisture extraction unit, the outside air during The structure is provided with a jet water flow path that feeds water stored in the water storage tank and water from the water outflow path into the upper rotating shaft and jets the water into the container from the small hole. The water stored in the moisture storage tank in the outside air and the water from the water outflow passage are jetted from the small hole of the upper rotating shaft , dispersed in the working gas, and used for cooling. In this case, the cooling efficiency is increased because of injection from the small holes. Moreover, the jetted water is integrated with the surface of the solution wall portion, and a part thereof is thermally decomposed. Moreover, since the water to be injected is water from the outside air taken in from the second outside air intake, the utilization efficiency of the water in the outside air is improved.

  Further, if necessary, an oxygen recovery passage for recovering oxygen generated in the container from above the upper end of the liquid wall portion of the container, and generation in the container from the lower end side of the liquid wall portion of the container. And a hydrogen recovery passage for recovering the generated hydrogen. Inside the container, the pressure and temperature of the working gas rise, for example, a high pressure of about 30 atmospheres and a high temperature of about 8000 ° C., so that water constituting the liquid wall is heated on the inner surface of the liquid wall. Oxygen and hydrogen are generated by being decomposed, but oxygen can be recovered through the oxygen recovery passage, and hydrogen can be recovered through the hydrogen recovery passage.

  This makes it possible to propose a method for producing deuterium reduced water. In the production of deuterium-reduced water, as a conventional technique, there is a method in which water is electrolyzed, divided into hydrogen and oxygen, decomposed only into light hydrogen using the difference in gravity and mass, and then combined with oxygen again. There is a drawback that the consumption cost is high. However, according to the present invention, the working gas is subjected to centrifugal high pyrolysis in the container, and hydrogen and oxygen are separated by strong centrifugal specific gravity, so that only light hydrogen gathers at the centrifugally reduced central portion of the rotating liquid wall. It is taken out from the lower hydrogen recovery passage. Therefore, deuterium-reduced water can be purified by combining light hydrogen and oxygen in an incinerator (not shown). Since deuterium that has not been introduced into the hydrogen recovery passage is decompressed and exhausted from the outer periphery of the turbine, only the deuterium is separated and subjected to combustion treatment, so that the combustion heat is used to warm the introduced outside air of the present invention. It can be used to contribute to increased output.

  In addition, if necessary, a partition wall that is provided integrally with the side wall and forms a lower space with the lower wall is provided on the lower side of the lower wall, and at least an outer peripheral portion of the lower wall is disposed on the inner side of the side wall. And a stopper that regulates the upper end position of the moving portion, one end side is opened in the container, and the other end side is opened in the lower space. A communication pipe for equalizing the pressure in the container and the pressure in the lower space is provided, an urging means for constantly pressing the moving part against the stopper is provided, and when the pressure inside the container rises more than a predetermined value, The moving part slides on the flange against the urging force of the urging means and falls into the lower space, and the pressure in the container is released from the gap formed between the moving part and the flange inner periphery. The configuration is made possible. Thus, since the inside of the container and the lower space are connected by the communication pipe, the pressure in the container and the pressure in the lower space are always kept equal, and the lower wall is positioned at a fixed position. Should the pressure inside the container rise above a predetermined level and a so-called backfire occurs, the moving part of the lower wall slides on the flange against the urging force of the urging means and falls into the lower space. Since the pressure in the container escapes from the gap formed between the flange and the inner periphery of the flange, safety can be achieved.

  According to the temperature difference energy conversion device of the present invention, when the gas is taken in by the fan mechanism, the working gas is compressed and lowered while being swung from the upper side to the lower side in the container. The liquid inside the container is rotated to form a liquid wall portion having a funnel-shaped inner surface with the lower opening opened, and is led out from the lower opening. Therefore, the working gas rises in pressure and temperature in the container to become high pressure and high temperature, and when it is led out from the lower opening, it rapidly expands to become cold air, and rotates the turbine. In this case, since the high-pressure and high-temperature working gas contacts the funnel-shaped liquid wall, heat exchange is performed on the surface of the liquid, so that the cooling efficiency is extremely improved, and that is derived from the lower opening every second. It is possible to increase the comparative specific gravity of the mixed gas inside and outside the funnel, thereby increasing the momentum of the centrifugal force and improving the output of the turbine.

It is a figure which shows the principle of the temperature difference energy converter of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the temperature difference energy converter which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a partial section perspective view showing the temperature difference energy conversion device concerning an embodiment of the invention. It is an expanded sectional view showing the upper side of the temperature difference energy conversion device concerning an embodiment of the invention. It is an expanded sectional view which shows the lower side of the temperature difference energy converter which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is the sectional view on the AA line in FIG. 2 which shows the temperature difference energy converter which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is the BB sectional drawing in FIG. 2 which shows the temperature difference energy converter which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a principle figure which shows the temperature difference energy converter which concerns on another embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows typically an example of the conventional temperature difference energy converter.

Hereinafter, a temperature difference energy conversion device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. This apparatus has a diameter of 1 m to 300 m and a height of 1.2 m to 400 m, for example.
2 to 7 show a temperature difference energy conversion device S according to an embodiment of the present invention. The temperature difference energy conversion device S includes a base 1 and a main body 2 erected on the base 1. The base 1 is installed on a concrete foundation 3 and forms a generator room 8 that houses generators 55 and 56 described later. The main body 2 includes a container 10 supported on the support base 4. The support base 4 is supported by the base 1 and is formed of an upper plate 5, a lower plate 6, and side plates 7. The lower plate 6 forms the upper surface portion of the base 1.

  The container 10 has a cylindrical side wall 11, an upper wall 12 and a lower wall 13, and water W as a cooling liquid is placed therein. In the container 10, an upper partition wall 15 that forms an upper space 14 between the upper wall 12 and the upper wall 12 is provided at the upper portion, and a lower space 16 is formed between the lower wall 13 and the inner side of the lower portion of the side wall 11. Is provided with a lower partition wall 17 formed by the upper plate 5 of the support base 4. An upper opening 20 is formed in the center of the upper wall 12 of the container 10 to take in gas coaxially with the central axis P of the container 10. In the center of the lower wall 13 of the container 10, a lower opening 21 centering on the central axis P of the container 10 is provided. In addition, a cylindrical first outer cylinder 22 that forms a main flow path 173 of a later-described ejection water flow path 170 together with the side wall 11 is provided outside the side wall 11 of the container 10. The first outer cylinder 22 is provided with a second outer cylinder 23 that forms an outside air moisture extraction portion 160 described later.

  A fan mechanism 40 is provided on the upper side of the container 10. As will be described in detail later, the fan mechanism 40 takes in outside air made up of the atmosphere as gas from the upper opening 20 and compresses while rotating a part or all (part of the specific gravity separated in the embodiment) as the working gas G. The water W, which is an internal liquid, is formed on the liquid wall H having a funnel-shaped inner surface with the lower opening 21 open, and the working gas G is led out from the lower opening 21.

  A turbine T that has a rotating shaft 50 having an axis coaxial with the central axis P of the container 10 and is rotated by a working gas G that faces the lower opening 21 and is led out is provided below the container 10. The rotating shaft 50 of the turbine T is formed in a tubular shape having an upper rotating shaft 51 protruding upward and a lower rotating shaft 52 protruding downward. The lower end portion of the lower rotating shaft 52 is a solid shaft and is pivotally supported on the base 1 via a bearing portion 53. In addition, in the base 1, a pair of generators (Ge) 55 and 56 that generate power by being rotated via a bevel gear mechanism 54 are installed at the lower end of the lower rotating shaft 53 of the turbine T. One generator 56 is driven by an external power source as a cell motor (Sm) when the present apparatus is started, and is switched during normal operation to function as a generator. Reference numeral 57 denotes an oil reservoir in which lubricating oil for the bevel gear mechanism 54 is stored.

  In the container 10, the lower wall 13 surrounds the turbine T with the lower opening 21 formed therein, and is slidable up and down on the lower opening pipe 24, and is fixed to the upper plate 5 of the support 4. A disc-shaped moving portion 26 that can slide up and down with respect to a flange 25 provided inside the side wall 11 and forms a wall surface of the lower wall 13 is provided. A stopper 27 that restricts the upper end position of the moving portion 26 is fixed to the upper end of the lower opening tube 24. One end side opens into the container 10 and the other end opens into the lower space 16, and a communication pipe 30 is provided for equalizing the pressure in the container 10 and the pressure in the lower space 16. As shown in FIG. 4, a ring-shaped peripheral tube 31 formed of a channel member that forms a rectangular flat cross section is attached to the upper inner periphery of the container 10. A number of communication ports 32 communicating with the inside of the container 10 are arranged in a row. The communication pipe 30 is provided on the outer side of the side wall 11 along the axial direction of the side wall 11. One end of the communication pipe 30 opens to the inner side (a) of the communication port 32 of the peripheral pipe 31, and the other end extends to the lower space 16 (b). It is open.

  The lower space 16 is provided with urging means for constantly pressing the moving part 26 against the stopper 27. The urging means is composed of a plurality of coil springs 33 arranged in an equiangular relationship around the central axis P. As a result, when the pressure inside the container 10 suddenly rises above a predetermined level, the moving part 26 slides on the lower opening pipe 24 and the flange 25 against the urging force of the coil spring 33 as the urging means and moves into the lower space 16. The pressure in the container 10 can be released from the gap formed between the moving part 26 and the inner periphery of the flange 25.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, the fan mechanism 40 is provided on the upper wall 12 so as to be rotatable and rotates around the central axis P of the container 10, and the first fan 41 provided on the upper wall 12. A motor (M) 42 that rotates 41, and a second fan 60 that extends from the turbine T and is rotated in synchronization with the turbine T by an upper rotating shaft 51 that has the central axis P of the container 10 as an axis. Yes. The rotation main shaft 43 and the upper rotation shaft 51 of the first fan 41 are coaxial, and are connected to each other via a thrust mechanical seal 61 so as to be independently rotatable. The motor 42 is driven by an external power source from the start to the steady operation and at an appropriate time as necessary. After the steady operation, the motor 42 is driven by electric power from the generators 55 and 56.

  The first fan 41 has a suction port 44 corresponding to the upper opening 20 in the center, confronts the upper wall 12, faces the upper wall 12, is fixed to the rotary main shaft 43 and is rotated, and a radial mechanical seal 62 is provided on the upper wall 12. The base 45 that is pivotally supported, the first rotary blade 46 that is provided in a plurality of rows in an equiangular relationship with the base 45 and sends out the working gas G from the suction port 44 in the centrifugal direction, and the upper rotary shaft 51 penetrates rotatably. A cover plate 48 that covers the first rotary blade 46 and faces the base 45 and forms a blowout port 47 for the working gas G on the outer periphery is provided. The outer periphery of the first rotary blade 46 is covered with a cover side plate 49 that can hold water W inside by centrifugal force. The motor 42 is supported on the upper wall 12 via a support member 63, and the lower side of the support member 63 encloses the rotation main shaft 43 and forms a containment space 64 into which water from the liquid wall portion H, which will be described later, enters. It is formed in the containing part 65 to do.

The second fan 60 is inside the first rotary blade 46 of the first fan 41 and is rotated against the suction port 44 to send the working gas G from the suction port 44 in the centrifugal direction to blow out the blowout port 47. A plurality of second rotary blades 66 that are blown out are provided.

  On the upper side of the container 10, there is provided a working gas generation unit 70 that is supported by the upper partition 15 and takes in outside air by the suction force of the fan mechanism 40 and supplies it as the working gas G to the fan mechanism 40. The working gas generation unit 70 includes a plurality of first outside air intakes 71 provided on the outer periphery, and a working gas outlet 72 provided on the inner side and communicating with the upper opening 20. The working gas outlet 72 is formed of a duct body 73 that is formed in an inverted truncated cone shape and surrounds the support member 63 of the motor 42. Reference numeral 73a denotes a plurality of reinforcing plates that extend radially from the support member 63 and support the duct body 73 from the inside. The working gas generation unit 70 includes a separation passage 74 that is provided between the first outside air inlet 71 and the working gas outlet 72 and separates the outside air by specific gravity and uses the gas having the smaller specific gravity as the working gas G. Yes.

  The separation passage 74 is formed in a donut-shaped disc body 75 provided on the upper side of the duct body 73. The separation passage 74 has a passage inlet 76 on the first outside air intake 71 side and communicates with the working gas outlet 72. It has two stages and is formed in a spiral shape with the central axis P as the center. Specifically, the separation passage 74 is provided on the upper side of the first spiral passage 74a and the first spiral passage 74a having a spiral shape around the central axis P of the container 10 through which the outside air flows from the passage inlet 76. A spiral shape centering on the central axis of the container 10 that communicates with the working gas outlet 72 side of the spiral passage 74a and from which the outside air from the first spiral passage 74a flows in and has a gas outlet of gas having a large specific gravity on the outer peripheral side. And a second spiral passage 74b. A plurality of gas outlets are formed in the upper part of the disk body 75, and are provided as a gas outlet 77 mainly for carbon dioxide, a gas outlet 78 mainly for oxygen, and a gas outlet 79 mainly for argon in order from the outer peripheral side. . Thus, the working gas G fed into the container 10 by the suction force of the fan mechanism 40 is mainly nitrogen gas.

  The disc body 75 of the working gas generation unit 70 is divided into a plurality of pieces radially about the central axis P, and the outer peripheral side is provided so that it can be opened and closed via a hinge device. When raised, as shown by the dotted line in the upper part of FIG.

  A first cleaning unit 80 that cleans the outside air with water is provided between the first outside air inlet 71 and the working gas outlet 72. A space surrounded by a peripheral wall is provided between the disc body 75 and the upper partition 15, and the first cleaning unit 80 includes a first cleaning tank 81 provided in this space and storing water, A water distribution path 82 for distributing water W constituting the lower side of the liquid wall H is provided in one cleaning tank 81. The first cleaning tank 81 is formed in a ring shape that swirls the water distributed from the water distribution path 82. The bottom wall 83 of the first cleaning tank 81 is formed with a large number of small holes 84 through which the outside air taken in is blown into the first cleaning tank 81. The first cleaning tank 81 has a negative pressure, and the outside air is bubbled from the small holes 84 and blown into the tank for cleaning. The first cleaning tank 81 is associated with a first water distribution pipe 85 that drains dirty water. The first water distribution pipe 85 supplies drainage to a second cleaning tank 151 described later. The water distribution path 82 is formed by a water distribution pipe 86 attached along the side wall 11 of the container 10, the lower end opens to the lower side (c) in the container 10, and the upper end in the first cleaning tank 81 (d The water W constituting the lower side of the liquid wall H is supplied into the first cleaning tank 81 by the pressure of the liquid wall H.

  The apparatus S is provided with a water supply part 90 for supplying water W constituting the liquid wall part H from the outside, and a circulation water channel 91 for circulating the water W constituting the liquid wall part H. The water supply unit 90 includes a water supply pipe 92 that supplies tap water W (s). The circulation water channel 91 is formed by a pair of left and right circulation pipes 93 provided along the side wall 11 of the container 10, the lower end thereof opens to the lower side (e) in the container 10, and the upper end side is configured as a water supply pipe 94. The tip of the water supply pipe 94 is between the base 45 and the upper wall 12 of the first fan 41 and opens to the upper opening 20 side (f), and the base 45 and the upper wall of the first fan 41 are opened. 12 to supply water. A gear pump 95 is interposed at the base end of the water supply pipe 94, and the water constituting the liquid wall portion H is circulated by driving the gear pump 95. In one circulation pipe 93 (the right side in FIG. 4) constituting the circulation water channel 91, a heat exchanging unit 96 that performs heat exchange with high-pressure hot water passing through the circulation pipe 93 and is used for heating is provided in front of the gear pump 95. The water W passes through the heat exchanging section 96 and then reaches the gear pump 95. In the other circulation pipe 93 (the left side in FIG. 4) constituting the circulation water channel 91, a branch pipe 97 is connected in front of the gear pump 95, and high-pressure hot water is supplied in a timely manner by opening and closing an on-off valve interposed in the branch pipe 97. It is taken out and can be used for various purposes.

  A spiral groove 98 is formed on the upper surface of the base 45, and the water supplied from the water supply pipe 94 is guided by the groove 98, and the base 45 and the upper wall 12 of the first fan 41 are Between the first fan 41 and the outer side surface of the cover side plate 49, and is supplied into the container 10. The water supply pipe 92 for supplying tap water is connected to one gear pump 95 (left side in FIG. 4), and the water supply unit 90 is configured to supply water through the water supply pipe 94. Thereby, water serves as a lubricant, friction against the upper wall 12 of the base 45 is reduced, and the base 45 is cooled.

  Further, the apparatus S is provided with a liquid wall adjustment unit 100 that can adjust the angle of the funnel-shaped inner surface of the liquid wall H. The liquid wall adjustment unit 100 is provided on the side wall 11 of the container 10 so as to be able to advance and retreat from the inner surface side with respect to the central axis P. The angle of the funnel-shaped inner surface of the liquid wall H can be adjusted by the amount of advancement and retraction. The protrusion 101 and the drive part 102 which drives the protrusion 101 are provided. Specifically, the container 10 has a hidden space 103 with a predetermined interval between the side wall 11 and the inner periphery of the side wall 11, and from the outer periphery of the first fan 41 above the side wall 11 from the vicinity of the lower wall 13. Also, a cylindrical inner wall plate 104 having a predetermined height up to a position below a predetermined interval is provided. The protruding body 101 is formed of a bar-shaped plate material extending in the vertical direction, and four protruding bodies are provided. The inner wall plate 104 is formed with insertion grooves 105 through which the protrusions 101 can pass at an equiangular relationship (in the embodiment, at intervals of 90 °), and the protrusions 101 are arranged in the respective insertion grooves 105. The upper end of the inner wall plate 104 is swingably supported by the inner wall plate 104 on the side wall 11 side of the inner wall plate 104, and can move out of the inner wall plate 104 from the hidden space by swinging. The drive unit 102 is attached to the side wall 11 and includes, for example, an actuator 106 having a ball screw that is rotated by a pulse motor so as to be advanced and retracted, and whose tip is locked to the lower end of the projecting body 101. Thus, the angle of the funnel-shaped inner surface of the liquid wall H can be adjusted by changing the amount of forward and backward movement of the protrusion 101.

  A recovery path 110 is provided above the inner wall plate 104 of the container 10 so that when the water level at the upper end of the liquid wall H exceeds a predetermined height, the excess water is discharged and recovered. The recovery path 110 is formed by a recovery path pipe 111. Further, a recovered water storage tank 112 that stores water recovered through the recovery path 110 as drinking water is provided outside the main body 2. The recovered water storage tank 112 is a plate that blocks the top and bottom between the second outer cylinder 23, the third outer cylinder 113 surrounding the second outer cylinder 23, and the second outer cylinder 23 and the third outer cylinder 113. 114. Moreover, the water amount sensor which detects the magnitude of the outflow amount of the water from the collection path 110 is provided, and when the water amount sensor detects the large amount of water, the water supply from the water supply unit 90 is stopped, and the water amount sensor detects the small amount of water. In some cases, a water supply control unit 115 for supplying water from the water supply unit 90 is provided.

  Specifically, an intermediate storage tank 116 for temporarily storing water from the recovery path 110 is provided on the recovered water storage tank 112 via a water flow down pipe 120. A recovery path pipe 111 is installed between the upper part of the container 10 and the intermediate storage tank 116 so that the water W can flow down. The intermediate storage tank 116 is provided with a float switch 117 as a water amount sensor for detecting a predetermined upper level and a predetermined lower level of the water level in the intermediate storage tank 116, and when the float switch 117 detects the upper level of the water level, As the amount of water is large, the electromagnetic valve 118 interposed in the water supply pipe 92 is closed to stop the water supply from the water supply unit 90, and the electromagnetic valve 121 interposed in the flow down pipe 120 is opened to open the intermediate storage tank Water is allowed to flow from 116 to the recovered water storage tank 112. On the other hand, when the float switch 117 detects the lower level of the water level, the electromagnetic valve 121 interposed in the water supply pipe 92 is opened as the amount of water is small, and water is supplied from the water supply unit 90 and is inserted in the downflow pipe 120. The electromagnetic valve 118 is closed. Reference numeral 122 denotes an outlet provided in the lower part of the recovered water storage tank 112 to take out drinking water, 123 denotes a feed pump provided in the outlet 122 to feed drinking water, and 124 denotes an upper part of the recovered water storage tank 112 provided in the beverage. A drain pipe that drains drinking water when the water is full. Reference numeral 125 denotes a replaceable filter provided at the top of the recovered water storage tank 112.

  Further, in the present apparatus, an exhaust passage 130 through which the working gas G that has passed through the turbine T is exhausted as exhaust gas is provided. The exhaust passage 130 is formed in the support base 4 on the lower side of the container 10 and between the first outer cylinder 22 and the second outer cylinder 23 that constitute an outside air moisture extraction section 160 described later. In the support base 4 on the lower side of the container 10, a disk-shaped start end portion 131 of the exhaust passage 130 is provided below the upper plate 5 of the support base 4. The start end 131 of the exhaust passage 130 has an inlet 132 that communicates with the lower opening pipe 24 on the inside and faces the lower portion of the turbine T, and an outlet 133 on the outer periphery. Further, the start end 131 of the exhaust passage 130 is formed in a spiral shape with the central axis P as the center. A circumferential side duct 135 that communicates with the exhaust passage 130 is provided on the upper side of the second outer cylinder 23, and an exhaust port 136 is formed in the side duct 135. The lower plate 137 constituting the exhaust passage 130 is provided with a bearing portion 138 that supports the lower rotating shaft 52 of the turbine T.

  Further, apart from the intake of the outside air from the first outside air intake 71 described above, an outside air suction passage 140 that sucks the outside air from the second outside air inlet 141 by the suction fan 142 rotated by the power of the turbine T is provided. ing. The upper wall 12 projects outwardly in a flange shape, and the second outside air inlet 141 is provided outside a circumferential upper duct 143 provided outside the upper wall 12. The suction fan 142 is provided on the lower rotating shaft 52 of the turbine T in the support base 4 and below the turbine T. The outside air suction passage 140 is supported between a first outer cylinder 22 and a second outer cylinder 23 that constitute an outside air moisture extraction section 160 described later, and below the container 10 and below the exhaust passage 130. It is formed in the table 4.

  Furthermore, in the support base 4 on the lower side of the container 10, an end portion 144 of the outside air suction passage 140 reaching the suction fan 142 is provided below the exhaust passage 130, and the end portion of the outside air suction passage 140 is provided. Outside air flows into the pipe 144 through the downflow pipe 145 from the upper side. Below the end portion 144 of the outside air suction passage 140 is an outside air exhaust passage 147 through which the exhaust of the outside air from the suction fan 142 is sent and merges through the connection pipe 146 to the outlet 133 of the exhaust passage 130 below the container 10. Is provided. Further, a water outflow path 148 through which water condensed from the exhaust of the external air flows out is provided below the outside air exhaust path 147. The outside air exhaust passage 147 and the water outflow passage 148 are also formed in a spiral shape with the central axis P as the center. A water reservoir 149 that stores water from the water outflow passage 148 is provided outside the water outflow passage 148.

  A second cleaning unit 150 that cleans the outside air with water is provided on the second outside air inlet 141 side of the outside air suction passage 140. This 2nd washing | cleaning part 150 is provided with the 2nd washing tank 151 in which water is stored, and said water distribution path 82 which distributes the water which comprises the lower side of the liquid wall part H to the 2nd washing tank 151. It is configured. The second cleaning tank 151 is provided in the upper duct 143 and is formed in a ring shape for turning the water distributed from the water distribution path 82. Specifically, the water from the water distribution path 82 reaches the first cleaning tank 81 and is then supplied to the second cleaning tank 151 through the first water distribution pipe 85. The bottom wall 152 of the second cleaning tank 151 is formed with a large number of small holes 153 for blowing the taken outside air into the second cleaning tank 151. The second cleaning tank 151 in which water is stored has a negative pressure, and the outside air is bubbled from the small holes 153 and is jetted into the tank to be cleaned. In addition, a second water distribution pipe 154 that drains dirty water is linked to the second cleaning tank 151. The second water distribution pipe 154 reaches a drainage tank 155 provided on the side of the base 1 and drains water using a drop. The drain tank 155 prevents the backflow of dirty water. The dirty water is temporarily stored in the drain tank 155 and then drained.

  A part of the exhaust passage 130 and a part of the outside air suction passage 140 are arranged in parallel via the heat exchange plate 161, and an outside air moisture extraction unit 160 that condenses and extracts moisture in the outside air by the heat exchange plate 161. Is provided. The outside air moisture extraction section 160 is provided so as to surround the container 10 on the outer periphery of the container 10 such that the exhaust passage 130 and the outside air suction passage 140 are parallel to the central axis P of the container 10. It is formed between the outer cylinder 22 and the second outer cylinder 23. The heat exchange plate 161 is formed in a bellows shape so that the exhaust passages 130 and the outside air suction passages 140 are alternately arranged, and is fixed to the first outer cylinder 22 and the second outer cylinder 23 at the top. An outside air moisture storage tank 162 is provided below the outside air moisture extraction unit 160 to receive and store outside air moisture that has fallen through the heat exchange plate 161 through the flow pipe 145. Water overflowing from the outside air moisture storage tank 162 reaches the water reservoir 149. Reference numeral 163 denotes a drain of the outside air moisture storage tank 162.

  Further, an upper rotating shaft 51 extending from the turbine T and having the central axis P of the container 10 as an axis is provided on the upper side of the turbine T. The upper rotating shaft 51 is formed in a tubular shape and is in the vicinity of the turbine T. The upper end communicates with the tubular rotary shaft 50 of the motor 42. The upper portion of the tubular rotating shaft 50 of the motor 42 is open to the containing space 64 of the containing portion 65 of the support member 63, and the inside of the upper rotating shaft 51 communicates with the containing portion 65. Also. A large number of small holes 172 are formed in the tube wall of the upper rotating shaft 51 along the axial direction. Then, the water stored in the outside air moisture storage tank 163 and the water from the moisture outflow path 148, which has reached the water reservoir 149, is fed into the upper rotating shaft 51 and is supplied from the small hole 172 into the container 10. An ejection water flow path 170 is provided for ejection. The spouting water flow path 170 includes a main flow path 173 formed by the side wall 11 of the container 10 and the first outer cylinder 22, a lower water supply pipe 174 connected between the water reservoir 149 and the lower part of the main flow path 173, A temporary water tank 175 is provided in the upper part of the main flow path 173 and temporarily stores water, and an upper water supply pipe 176 is connected between the temporary water tank 175 and the containing space 64 of the containing part 65. The main flow path 173 is reinforced by a bellows-like reinforcing plate 177 attached to the side wall 11 and the first outer cylinder 22. In the main flow path 173, the communication pipe 30, the water distribution pipe 86, and the circulation pipe 93 are drawn.

  The apparatus S further includes an oxygen recovery passage 180 that recovers oxygen generated in the container 10 from above the upper end of the liquid wall H of the container 10. The oxygen recovery path 110 includes an oxygen recovery pipe 181 that has an opening below the peripheral pipe 31 of the side wall 11 and reaches the outside. A guide plate 182 that is cylindrical and surrounds the first fan 41 is provided below the peripheral tube 31, and a large number of auxiliary suction ports 183 through which oxygen enters the guide plate 182 are provided in the circumferential direction.

  Furthermore, the apparatus S includes a hydrogen recovery passage 190 that recovers hydrogen generated in the container 10 from the lower end side of the liquid wall H of the container 10. Specifically, an inlet 191 for introducing hydrogen is formed in the lower end portion of the partition member 171 at the base end portion of the upper rotary shaft 51 of the turbine T, and from the solid lower end portion of the lower rotary shaft 52. A hydrogen outlet 192 is formed on the upper side. The outlet port 192 is surrounded by the bearing member 53, and a hydrogen extraction pipe 193 that communicates with the outlet port 192 and extracts hydrogen from the outlet port 192 to the outside is connected to the bearing member 53. The hydrogen recovery passage 190 is constituted by a passage in the rotating shaft 50 of the turbine T extending from the inlet 191 to the outlet 192 and a hydrogen outlet pipe 193.

  Therefore, according to the temperature difference energy conversion device S according to the embodiment, basically, when the motor 42 and the generator 56 are started as a cell motor, gas is taken in by the fan mechanism 40 and the working gas G is stored in the container 10. A liquid wall having a funnel-shaped inner surface in which the water W inside the container 10 is rotated by this turning force and the lower opening 21 is opened by being swung from the upper side to the lower side. Formed in the portion H and led out from the lower opening 21, the turbine T is rotated. In this process, when the working gas G is compressed and lowered while being swirled, the pressure and temperature rise, become high pressure and high temperature, and when led out from the lower opening 21, the working gas G rapidly expands to cool air. And the turbine T is rotated. The turbine T generates power by the generator 55. In this case, since the high-pressure and high-temperature working gas G contacts the funnel-shaped liquid wall H, heat exchange is performed on the surface of the liquid. Therefore, the cooling efficiency is extremely improved, and the lower opening 21 is increased accordingly. Thus, the comparative specific gravity inside and outside the funnel of the air-fuel mixture derived every second can be increased, thereby increasing the momentum of centrifugal force and improving the output of the turbine T and the output of the generator. And if it will be in a steady state, the electric power generation by the generator 55 will also be performed and the power supply of the motor 42 can be covered with the power supplies of the generators 55 and 56 now.

Hereinafter, the gas route and the water route will be described in detail.
<Gas path>
When the fan mechanism 40 rotates, the outside air is taken in from the plurality of first outside air intakes 71 by the suction force of the fan mechanism 40. The taken-in outside air reaches the first cleaning unit 80 and is cleaned with water. In this case, since the outside air is jetted into the first cleaning tank 81 from a large number of small holes 84 for cleaning, the cleaning efficiency is extremely improved. Further, since the first cleaning tank 81 is formed in a ring shape and the water is swirled, the cleaning efficiency is further improved. Since the outside air is washed by the first washing unit 80, the water in the liquid wall H can be made clean, which is effective when taken out as drinking water.

  The outside air cleaned by the first cleaning unit 80 flows into the separation passage 74 of the working gas generation unit 70, whereby the outside air reaching the working gas outlet 72 is separated by specific gravity by centrifugal force, and a gas having a large specific gravity is gas. A gas having a small specific gravity is discharged from the outlets 77, 78, and 79 and is sucked into the working gas outlet 72 as the working gas G. Since the specific gravity is separated by the spiral path, the separation can be performed efficiently. That is, a plurality of gas outlets are formed in the upper part of the disk body, and are provided as a gas outlet 77 mainly for carbon dioxide, a gas outlet 78 mainly for oxygen, and a gas outlet 79 mainly for argon in order from the outer peripheral side. Yes. As a result, the working gas G fed into the container 10 by the suction force of the fan mechanism 40 is mainly converted into nitrogen gas and flows out into the container 10.

  In the fan mechanism 40, since the working gas G is swirled and compressed by the two fans of the first fan 41 and the second fan 60, the pressure can be reliably increased to high pressure and high temperature. For example, a high pressure of about 30 atmospheres and a high temperature of about 8000 ° C. cause the water constituting the liquid wall H to be thermally decomposed on the inner surface of the liquid wall H. In this case, the inside of the liquid wall portion H rises to about 200 ° C. to 300 ° C., but the working gas G can be relatively deprived of heat to cool the working gas G. When water is thermally differentiated on the surface of the liquid wall H in the container 10, oxygen having a heavy specific gravity rises up the liquid wall H and flows into the oxygen recovery passage 180 and is recovered. On the other hand, mainly hydrogen having a low specific gravity flows into the hydrogen recovery passage 190 and is recovered.

  Then, the working gas G mainly composed of nitrogen is blown out from the lower opening 21 and rapidly expands to rotate the turbine T, and is exhausted into the exhaust passage 130 as exhaust gas that has become cold air. The exhaust gas passes through the start end 131 of the exhaust passage 130 below the container 10. In this case, since the start end 131 of the exhaust passage 130 is formed in a spiral shape, the centrifugal force of the exhaust can be increased, and the output of the turbine T can be increased accordingly. Further, the strength of the lower wall 13 side of the container 10 can be increased. The exhaust gas that has passed through the start end portion 131 of the exhaust passage 130 is sent to the exhaust passage 130 of the outside air moisture extraction portion 160.

  On the other hand, when the turbine T rotates, the suction fan 142 also rotates, so that outside air is taken in from the second outside air intake port 141. The outside air taken in from the second outside air inlet 141 enters the second washing unit 150 and is washed. Since the outside air is jetted into the second cleaning tank 151 from a large number of small holes 153 for cleaning, the cleaning efficiency is extremely improved. Then, the outside air passes through the outside air suction passage 140 of the outside air moisture extraction section 160, reaches the end portion 144 of the outside air suction passage 140, is sucked by the suction fan 142, and is sent to the outside air exhaust passage 147. It merges into the exhaust passage 130 constituting the moisture extraction section 160. In this case, water condensed when sucked by the suction fan 142 is caused to flow out to the water outflow path 148 and reach the water reservoir 149. Further, since the outside air exhaust passage 130 and the water outflow passage 148 are formed in a spiral shape, the centrifugal force can be increased and the water can be separated efficiently. Further, the strength of the lower wall 13 side of the container 10 can be increased.

  In the outside air moisture extraction unit 160, heat exchange is performed between the exhaust gas that has passed through the exhaust passage 130 via the heat exchange plate 161 and the outside air that has passed through the outside air suction passage 140. Thereby, moisture in the outside air is condensed and taken out by the heat exchange plate 161. In this case, since the heat exchange plate 161 is formed in a bellows shape so that the exhaust passages 130 and the outside air suction passages 140 are alternately arranged, the heat exchange efficiency can be improved. Further, the strength of the outer periphery of the container 10 can be increased by the bellows-like heat exchange plate 161. The outside air moisture falling through the heat exchange plate 161 is stored in the outside air moisture storage tank 163 and reaches the water reservoir 149. Since the heat exchange between the exhaust gas and the outside air is performed, the outside air can be used as a gas with very little moisture. The exhaust gas exhausted through the start end portion 131 of the exhaust passage 130 and the outside air that has merged with the exhaust gas pass through the exhaust passage 130 of the moisture extractor 160 in the outside air, pass through the side duct 135, and the exhaust port. The air is exhausted from 136. Since the exhaust gas is cold, it can be used for cooling, for example.

  Further, in the main body 2, one end side opens to the inner side (a) of the container 10, and the other end side opens to the lower space 16 (b) below the lower wall 13, so that the pressure in the container 10 and the pressure in the lower space 16 are increased. Therefore, the pressure in the container 10 and the pressure in the lower space 16 are always kept equal, and the lower wall 13 is positioned at a fixed position. Should the pressure inside the container 10 rise above a predetermined level and a so-called backfire occurs, the moving portion 26 of the lower wall 13 slides on the flange 25 against the biasing force of the coil spring 33 of the biasing means. It falls into the lower space 16, the pressure in the container 10 escapes from the gap formed between the moving part 26 and the inner periphery of the flange 25, and the working gas generating part 70 can be opened and closed. Since the pressure is released when the pressure inside 10 rises more than a predetermined value, the safety can be ensured.

  In addition, as described above, oxygen can be recovered by the oxygen recovery passage, and hydrogen (light hydrogen) can be recovered by the hydrogen recovery passage. Thus, a method for producing deuterium-reduced water is proposed. Can do. For example, by preparing an incinerator (not shown) and combining the recovered light hydrogen and oxygen by combustion, deuterium-reduced water can be purified.

<Water path>
The water W constituting the liquid wall H is supplied from the outside by the water supply unit 90. Further, the water W constituting the liquid wall H is supplied from the lower side (e) of the container 10 through the circulation channel 91 to the space (f) between the base 45 of the first fan 41 and the upper wall 12 and circulates. It is done. Since the water W can be supplied by the water supply unit 90 and the water W is circulated by the circulation water passage 91, the cooling efficiency can be improved accordingly. Specifically, when the gear pump 95 is driven when the electromagnetic valve 118 of the water supply control unit 115 is open, the water is supplied from the water supply pipe 94 to the space between the base 45 of the first fan 41 and the upper wall 12 (f). Is supplied. In this case, even if the first fan 41 is pushed to the upper wall 12 side by the internal pressure, water is supplied between the base 45 of the first fan 41 and the upper wall 12, so that the water serves as a lubricating water. Thus, a downward pressing force acts on the first fan 41, so that the rotation of the first fan 41 can be maintained smoothly. Then, water is supplied from the periphery of the first fan 41 into the container 10.

  Further, as described above, in the outside air moisture extraction unit 160, the outside air moisture falling through the heat exchange plate 161 is stored in the outside air moisture storage tank 163, reaches the water reservoir 149, and is sucked into the suction fan 142. The water condensed at the time is discharged to the water outflow path 148 and reaches the water reservoir 149. The water in the water reservoir 149 rises through the ejection water channel 170, that is, is ejected from the small hole 172 of the upper rotating shaft 51 through the lower water supply pipe 174 → the main channel 173 → the temporary water tank 175 → the upper water supply pipe 176. Therefore, the water sprayed from the small holes 172 is dispersed in the working gas G and is used for cooling. In this case, because of the injection from the small hole 172, the cooling efficiency is increased. Moreover, the jetted water is integrated with the surface of the liquid wall H, and a part of it is thermally decomposed. Moreover, since the water to be injected includes water from the outside air taken in from the second outside air inlet 141, the utilization efficiency of the water in the outside air is improved.

  Then, the water W in the container 10 is rotated by the turning force of the working gas G by the fan mechanism 40, and is formed in the liquid wall portion H having a funnel-shaped inner surface with the lower opening 21 opened. In this case, in the liquid wall adjustment unit 100, the driving unit 102 causes the protrusion 101 to appropriately protrude from the inner surface side of the side wall 11 to adjust the angle of the funnel-shaped inner surface of the liquid wall H. That is, since the rotational resistance of the liquid varies depending on the protruding amount of the protruding body 101, the angle of the funnel-shaped inner surface of the liquid wall H is adjusted to an appropriate angle to ensure the lower opening 21 and the lower opening 21. As a result, the working gas G can be smoothly led out of the gas.

  In the liquid wall portion H, when the water level at the upper end exceeds a predetermined height, the excess water flows out to the recovery passage 110 and is recovered and stored in the recovered water storage tank 112 as drinking water. . In this case, the water supply control unit 115 stops water supply from the water supply unit 90 when the water amount sensor detects that the water amount is high, and supplies water from the water supply unit 90 when the water amount sensor detects that the water amount is low. Make it. Specifically, when the float switch 117 serving as a water amount sensor detects the upper level of the water level, the electromagnetic valve 118 interposed in the water supply pipe 92 is closed to stop the water supply from the water supply unit 90 because the water amount is large. At the same time, the electromagnetic valve 121 interposed in the flow down pipe 120 is opened, and water flows down from the recovered water storage tank 112 to the recovered water storage tank 112. On the other hand, when the float switch 117 detects the lower level of the water level, the electromagnetic valve 118 interposed in the water supply pipe 92 is opened as the amount of water is small, and water is supplied from the water supply unit 90 and is inserted in the downflow pipe 120. The electromagnetic valve 121 is closed. The water whose temperature has risen can be recovered and the water level can be adjusted, and the liquid wall H can be stabilized. In addition, the water constituting the upper side of the liquid wall H from the recovery path 110 is recovered as drinking water, but in the liquid wall H, heavy water is concentrated on the lower side due to the centrifugal force generated in this, The upper side of the liquid wall H is deuterium reduced water, and the recovered water becomes the upper water of the liquid wall H, so the deuterium reduced water can be used as drinking water, which is extremely useful. Become.

  Further, in the first cleaning unit 80 and the second cleaning unit 150, the water W constituting the lower side of the liquid wall portion H is distributed through the water distribution path 82. The water W is in the lower side (c) of the container 10 → the water distribution path 82 → the first cleaning tank 81 (d) → the first distribution pipe 85 → the second cleaning tank 151 → the second distribution pipe 154 → the drain tank 155. It is carried by the route. Thereby, water constituting the lower side of the liquid wall portion H is distributed as washing water from the water distribution path 82, but in the liquid wall portion H, heavy water is concentrated on the lower side due to the centrifugal force generated thereby. For this reason, the water having a lot of heavy water is used as the washing water. Since the water is drained after the washing, the water having a lot of heavy water can be efficiently drained.

  FIG. 8 shows a principle diagram of a temperature difference energy conversion device according to another embodiment of the present invention. In this method, the medium constituting the gas and the liquid is composed of a medium such as liquid ammonium, chlorofluorocarbon, carbon dioxide, etc. that can be repeatedly evaporated and condensed. And the outer shell 200 is made into a sealed space, and the container 10 is provided with a cylindrical side wall and a lower wall in the outer shell 200 and into which the cooling liquid W can be put. Fins 201 that exchange heat with the outside air are provided outside the outer shell 200, and fins 202 that exchange heat with the gas inside the outer shell 200 are provided outside the container 10. In the container 10, an upper opening 20 for taking in gas is provided on the upper side, a lower opening 21 around the central axis P of the container 10 is provided in the center of the lower wall, and gas is taken in from the upper opening 20 on the upper side. The working liquid G is led out from the lower opening 21 by forming the liquid W inside the funnel-shaped inner surface with the lower opening 21 opened by forming the inner liquid W compressed, lowered and condensed while swirling as the working gas G. A fan mechanism 40 is provided, and a turbine T that is rotated by the working gas G that faces the lower opening 21 and is led out is provided. The working gas G led out from the turbine T is discharged into the closed space of the outer shell 200, is taken into the container again, and energy can be generated by repeating condensation → evaporation → condensation and heat exchange with the outside air.

  In the above embodiment, the size and shape of the container 10 and the turbine T, etc., or the material of each part may be determined as appropriate. The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art will make many modifications to these illustrative embodiments without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the present invention. And many of these modifications are within the scope of the present invention.

S Temperature difference energy converter W Water (liquid)
H Liquid wall G Working gas 1 Base 2 Main body 8 Generator chamber 10 Container P Central shaft 11 Side wall 12 Upper wall 13 Lower wall 14 Upper space 15 Upper partition 16 Lower space 17 Lower partition 20 Upper opening 21 Lower opening 22 First Outer cylinder 23 Second outer cylinder 24 Lower opening pipe 25 Flange 26 Moving portion 27 Stopper 30 Communication pipe 31 Circumferential pipe 32 Communication port 33 Coil spring (biasing means)
40 fan mechanism 41 first fan 42 motor 43 rotation main shaft 44 suction port 45 base 46 first rotation blade 47 outlet 48 cover plate 49 cover side plate T turbine 50 rotation shaft 51 upper rotation shaft 52 lower rotation shaft 53 bearing portion 54 bevel gear Mechanisms 55 and 56 Generator 57 Oil reservoir 60 Second fan 61 Thrust mechanical seal 62 Radial mechanical seal 63 Support member 64 Containment space 65 Containment portion
66 Second rotary blade 70 Working gas generating part 71 First outside air inlet 72 Working gas outlet 73 Duct body 74 Separation passage 75 Passage inlet 77, 78, 79 Gas outlet 80 First cleaning part 81 First cleaning tank 82 Water distribution path 85 First water distribution pipe 86 Water distribution pipe 90 Water supply part 91 Circulation water path 92 Water supply pipe 93 Circulation pipe 94 Water supply pipe 95 Gear pump 96 Heat exchange part 97 Branch pipe 98 Groove 100 Liquid wall part adjustment part 101 Projection body 102 Drive part 110 Recovery path 111 Recovery path pipe 112 Recovery water storage tank 113 Third outer cylinder 115 Water supply control unit 130 Exhaust passage 131 Start end 132 Inlet 133 Outlet 135 Side duct 136 Exhaust port 140 Outside air intake passage 141 Second outside air intake 142 Suction fan 143 Upper duct 144 Terminal portion 145 Downflow pipe 146 Connection pipe 147 Outside air exhaust path 14 Water outflow passage 149 Water reservoir 150 Second cleaning section 151 Second cleaning tank 152 Bottom wall 154 Second water distribution pipe 155 Drain tank 160 Outside air moisture extraction section 161 Heat exchange plate 162 Outside air moisture storage tank 170 Spout water passage 171 Partition member 172 Small hole 173 Main flow path 174 Lower water supply pipe 175 Temporary water tank 176 Upper water supply pipe 177 Reinforcement plate 180 Oxygen recovery path 181 Oxygen recovery pipe 190 Hydrogen recovery path 191 Inlet 192 Outlet 193 Hydrogen outlet pipe

Claims (25)

  A container having a cylindrical side wall and a lower wall, in which a cooling liquid is placed, is provided with an upper opening for taking in gas above the container, and a central axis of the container is provided at the center of the lower wall of the container. A funnel in which a lower opening is provided at the center, and a gas is taken in from the upper opening on the upper side of the container, and a part or all of the gas is compressed and lowered while swirling as a working gas, and the liquid inside is opened in the funnel An operation is provided in which a fan mechanism is formed on a liquid wall portion having a cylindrical inner surface to lead out the working gas from the lower opening, and has an axis coaxial with the central axis of the container and faces the lower opening. A temperature difference energy conversion device comprising a turbine rotated by gas.   2. The temperature difference energy conversion device according to claim 1, further comprising a liquid wall adjustment unit capable of adjusting an angle of the funnel-shaped inner surface of the liquid wall.   The liquid wall adjustment portion is provided on the side wall so as to be movable back and forth with respect to the central axis from the inner surface side of the side wall. The temperature difference energy conversion device according to claim 2, further comprising a drive unit that drives the protrusion.   The temperature difference energy conversion device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the gas to be taken in is composed of outside air composed of the atmosphere, and the liquid is composed of water.   5. The temperature difference energy conversion device according to claim 4, further comprising: a water supply unit for supplying water constituting the liquid wall portion from the outside; and a circulation channel for circulating the water constituting the liquid wall portion. .   Provided in the upper part of the container is a recovery path for draining and recovering the excess water when the water level at the upper end of the liquid wall exceeds a predetermined height, and storing the recovered water through the recovery path The temperature difference energy conversion device according to claim 5, further comprising a recovered water storage tank.   A water amount sensor that detects the amount of water outflow from the recovery path is provided. When the water amount sensor detects a large amount of water, the water supply from the water supply unit is stopped, and the water amount sensor detects a small amount of water. The temperature difference energy conversion device according to claim 6, further comprising a water supply control unit configured to supply water from the water supply unit. An upper wall is provided on the upper side of the container, the upper opening is provided at the center of the upper wall with the central axis of the container as a center, and the fan mechanism is rotatably provided on the upper wall and has a central axis of the container. A first fan that rotates about the center, a motor that is provided on the upper wall and rotates the first fan, and an upper rotating shaft that extends from the turbine and that has the central axis of the container as an axis, is rotated in synchronization with the turbine. Comprising a second fan,
The first fan has a suction port corresponding to the upper opening in the center, and a base that faces the upper wall close to the first fan, and a plurality of lines are equiangularly arranged on the base, and the working gas from the suction port is centrifuged. A first rotating blade that feeds in a direction, and a cover plate that penetrates the upper rotating shaft so as to be rotatable, covers the first rotating blade so as to face the base, and forms a working gas outlet on the outer periphery. Configure
The second fan is configured to include a plurality of second rotary blades inside the first rotary blades of the first fan, facing the suction port, and sending working gas from the suction port in a centrifugal direction. The temperature difference energy converter according to any one of claims 4 to 7,   A water supply part for supplying water constituting the liquid wall part from the outside and a circulation water channel for circulating the water constituting the liquid wall part are provided, and the circulation water channel is connected to the base of the first fan and the upper wall. The temperature difference energy conversion device according to claim 8, comprising a water supply pipe for supplying water between the two.   The temperature difference energy converter according to claim 9, wherein the water supply unit is configured to supply water through the water supply pipe.   Provided on the upper side of the container is a working gas generation part that takes in outside air by the suction force of the fan mechanism and supplies it as working gas to the fan mechanism, and the working gas generation part is provided with an outside air inlet provided on the outer periphery. A working gas outlet provided inside and communicating with the upper opening; and a separation passage provided between the outside air inlet and the working gas outlet, wherein the outside air is separated by specific gravity and the gas having a smaller specific gravity is used as the working gas. The temperature difference energy conversion device according to any one of claims 4 to 10, wherein the temperature difference energy conversion device is provided.   The separation passage is provided between a passage inlet through which outside air enters and the working gas outlet, and is provided with a spiral first spiral passage centered on the central axis of the container, and provided above the first spiral passage. The first spiral passage is configured to be provided with a spiral second spiral passage centering on the central axis of the container having a gas outlet of a gas having a large specific gravity on the outer peripheral side while communicating with the working gas outlet side of the first spiral passage. The temperature difference energy conversion device according to claim 11.   The temperature difference energy according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the working gas generating part can be opened and closed, and when the pressure inside the container rises by a predetermined level or more when closed, the pressure can be released. Conversion device.   The temperature difference energy conversion device according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein a cleaning section for cleaning the outside air with water is provided between the outside air inlet and the working gas outlet.   The cleaning section includes a cleaning tank in which water is stored, and a water distribution path that distributes water constituting the lower side of the liquid wall to the cleaning tank, and is taken into the bottom wall of the cleaning tank The temperature difference energy conversion apparatus according to claim 14, wherein a plurality of small holes for blowing the outside air into the cleaning tank are formed, and a water pipe for draining dirty water is linked to the cleaning tank.   An exhaust passage through which the working gas that has passed through the turbine is exhausted as exhaust gas is provided, and a second outside air intake for taking in outside air is provided, and the outside air is sucked from the second outside air intake by a suction fan that is rotated by the power of the turbine. An outside air suction passage for suction is provided, and a part of the exhaust passage and a part of the outside air suction passage are arranged side by side through a heat exchange plate, and the moisture in the outside air is condensed and taken out by the heat exchange plate. The temperature difference energy conversion device according to any one of claims 4 to 15, further comprising a moisture extraction unit.   The temperature difference energy conversion device according to claim 16, wherein a second cleaning unit for cleaning the outside air with water is provided on the second outside air intake side of the outside air suction passage.   The second cleaning section includes a second cleaning tank in which water is stored, and a water distribution path that distributes water constituting the lower side of the liquid wall section to the second cleaning tank, (2) A large number of small holes for blowing outside air taken into the bottom wall of the washing tank into the second washing tank are formed, and a water distribution pipe for draining dirty water is linked to the second washing tank. The temperature difference energy conversion device according to claim 17.   The outside air moisture extraction portion is provided on the outer periphery of the container so that the exhaust passage and the outside air suction passage are parallel to the central axis of the container, and the heat exchange plate is alternately arranged in the exhaust passage and the outside air suction passage. 17. An outside air moisture storage tank for the outside air moisture falling along the heat exchange plate is provided below the outside air moisture take-out portion so as to be provided. The temperature difference energy converter in any one of thru | or 18.   20. The temperature difference energy conversion device according to claim 19, wherein the exhaust passage on the lower side of the container is formed in a spiral shape.   The suction fan is provided on the lower rotating shaft of the turbine below the turbine, the terminal part of the outside air suction passage reaching the suction fan is provided below the container, and the suction is provided below the terminal part. An outside air exhaust passage is provided to which the outside air exhaust from the fan is sent and merges with the exhaust passage constituting the outside air moisture extraction section, and the water outflow from which water condensed from the outside air exhaust is discharged below the outside air exhaust passage. The temperature difference energy conversion device according to any one of claims 16 to 20, wherein a path is provided.   The temperature difference energy conversion device according to claim 21, wherein the outside air exhaust passage and the moisture outflow passage are formed in a spiral shape. The rotary shaft is provided on which the axis of the central axis of the container extending from the turbine to the upper side of the turbine, opened a number of small holes along the axial direction in the pipe wall and forming a tubular said on the rotation axis, the An outside air moisture extraction section is provided on the outer periphery of the container so that the exhaust passage and the outside air suction passage are parallel to the central axis of the container, and the heat exchange plate is alternately arranged in the exhaust passage and the outside air suction passage. It formed in a bellows as the outside air in the water reservoir of the outside air in the water to fall down along the heat exchange plate to the lower side in the outer air moisture extraction section provided, stored in the open air during the water reservoir that water and the temperature difference energy according to claim 21 or 22 further characterized in that the water from the water outlet passage provided with a jet water flow path for ejecting the container from the feed to small holes in the upper rotating shaft Conversion device.   An oxygen recovery passage for recovering oxygen generated in the container from above the upper end of the liquid wall portion of the container, and hydrogen generated in the container from the lower end side of the liquid wall portion of the container The temperature difference energy converter according to any one of claims 4 to 23, further comprising a hydrogen recovery passage.   A partition provided integrally with the side wall and forming a lower space with the lower wall is provided below the lower wall, and at least an outer peripheral portion of the lower wall is provided with respect to a flange provided on the inner side of the side wall. It is configured as a moving part that can slide up and down, and is provided with a stopper that regulates the upper end position of the moving part. One end side is opened in the container and the other end side is opened in the lower space. A communication pipe for equalizing the pressure with the space is provided, and an urging means for constantly pressing the moving portion against the stopper is provided. When the pressure inside the container rises more than a predetermined value, the urging force of the urging means On the contrary, the moving part slides on the flange and falls into the lower space, and the pressure in the container can be released from the gap formed between the moving part and the flange inner periphery. 25. A temperature according to any of claims 4 to 24. Difference energy converter.

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