CN208279578U - A kind of synthesis gas heat recovering device and gasification furnace - Google Patents

A kind of synthesis gas heat recovering device and gasification furnace Download PDF

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CN208279578U
CN208279578U CN201820495385.7U CN201820495385U CN208279578U CN 208279578 U CN208279578 U CN 208279578U CN 201820495385 U CN201820495385 U CN 201820495385U CN 208279578 U CN208279578 U CN 208279578U
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inner cylinder
synthesis gas
heat transfer
nozzle
radiation heat
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张燕
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Beijing Aerospace Maiwei Technology Co., Ltd
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Beijing Step Technology Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
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Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of synthesis gas heat recovering device, and provide the gasification furnace including the heat recovering device, the heat recovering device passes through setting multi-stage jet device, pass through the first injection apparatus therein, to form the core high-temperature region close to the low-temperature space of heat-transfer surface and among low-temperature space in the upstream of radiation heat transfer room, it is exchanged heat between core high-temperature region and heat-transfer surface by radiation mode, effectively increases the efficiency of heat exchange.Heat recovering device described in the utility model realizes zonal control to form multiple regions on the flow path of gasification synthesis gas by setting multi-stage jet device simultaneously;In addition, the utility model is additionally provided with water conservancy diversion ash disposal structure, improve the motion profile of different-grain diameter ash solid impurity particle in air-flow by way of guidance flowing, reduces the possibility of the inside tube wall surface movement of bulky grain lime-ash, reduce entrainment of the little particle lime-ash in synthesis gas.

Description

A kind of synthesis gas heat recovering device and gasification furnace
Technical field
The utility model relates to Coal Gasification Technology fields, and in particular to a kind of synthesis gas heat recovering device, and it is a kind of Gasification furnace including the recyclable device.
Background technique
With the gasification of the carbon raw materials such as the biomass fuels such as the fossil fuel such as coal, petroleum coke, straw or house refuse Technology, main purpose are the changes for making the chemical energy in carbon raw material be partially converted into produced gas (commonly referred to as synthesis gas) Learn can, using as fuel carry out using;Or CO and H is made in carbon raw material2, raw material as subsequent technique.Such as, make to contain Carbon fuel occurs imperfect combustion with gasifying agent at high temperature and reacts, and carbon, protium are largely converted into CO, H in fuel2For Main synthesis gas, the chemical energy in carbon raw material is there are about the chemical energy that 80% has switched to synthesis gas in the process, and about 20% turn The sensible heat of synthesis gas and lime-ash is turned to.It is gasification synthesis gas Exposure degree by the technology that this about 20% sensible heat recycles Technology, the method that heat exchanger is usually used are translated into the sensible heat or latent heat of vapor, are further used for dynamic power, are situated between Matter heating etc..
The synthesis gas that gasification generates has the characteristics that temperature is high, big containing the grey quantity of slag.Especially with the extensive of coal resources It uses, the coal being suitble to for current gasification technology becomes that supply falls short of demand, anthracite and gasification reactivity with more high ash melting point Low petroleum coke it is contour containing carbon resource using extremely urgent, and the gasification condition of this kind of carbon raw material is more harsh, such as gasifies Temperature is higher, therefore proposes to heat recovering device more harsh.By taking high pressure dried coal powder entrained flow bed gasification technology as an example, gasification The synthesis gas temperature of generation is generally 1200-1600 DEG C, is 20-200g/Nm containing the grey quantity of slag3, lime-ash is molten under high temperature State is bonded in heat exchange wall surface easily to which heat exchange efficiency be greatly reduced, therefore to the most urgent of gasification synthesis gas heat recovering device It highly necessary asks in terms of being presented as the fouling and slagging for reducing heating surface and improving heat exchange efficiency two.
Such as in the prior art, U.S. patent documents US4377132 (Texaco Development Corporation, " Synthesis gas Cooler and waste heat boiler ") disclose a kind of syngas cooler of inside and outside Dual-drum, high-temperature gasification synthesis Gas and lime-ash are directly entered cooler inner cylinder, and turn back in inner cylinder lower part into the annular space between inner cylinder and outer cylinder, with water cooling Wall carries out heat exchange.But high-temperature gasification synthesis gas directly contact water-cooling wall will lead to lime-ash on the wall surface of annular space glue Knot.
The problem of in order to alleviate lime-ash bonding, there is the side to cool down using water spray to high-temperature synthesis gas in the prior art Formula.Synthesis gas and ash as disclosed a kind of method for producing synthesis gas in Chinese patent literature CN1923975B, in this method The mixture of slag be introduced into quenching area, 700-1100 DEG C is quenched under the action of nozzle spray, then enter back into waste heat kettle into Row heat exchange, so that cooling lime-ash will not be adhered to heat-transfer surface.The disclosed synthesis of Chinese patent literature CN101161792A In gas heat recovery technique, then it is to export to spray into level-one chilled water in gasification zone, cools down synthesis gas uniformly and quickly with slag To ash fusion point T1 hereinafter, then entering back into fire-tube type steam generator carries out heat recovery.Chinese patent literature CN102213409A discloses a kind of recycling of sensible heat, is subtracted in internal layer water-cooling wall and the annular space arrangement water spray of outer layer water-cooling wall Warm device, when internal layer water-cooling wall heat transfer deterioration, water spray reduces synthesis gas and ash temperature to reduce the dust stratification of annular space.
It is above-mentioned in the prior art by carrying out water-cooled cooling to high-temperature synthesis gas, so that lime-ash cooling loses viscosity, from Without being easily adhered on heating surface, wall surface slagging is solved the problems, such as.But problem brought by this mode is, because of synthesis The temperature of gas is lowered, thus the radiation heat transfer ability of synthesis gas can also decline to a great extent therewith.The hot-fluid of known radiation heat transfer is close Degree is directly proportional to the biquadratic of gas temperature, then roughly estimating, gas temperature is reduced to 1100 DEG C from 1500 DEG C, and radiation is changed The heat flow density of heat can fall to original 35%.As it can be seen that heat exchange of this method in order to cool down lime-ash, in radiation heat transfer room Biggish sacrifice is made that in terms of efficiency.
Therefore, how under the premise of reducing heat exchange efficiency loss as far as possible to solve the problems, such as wall surface slagging, this is One technological difficulties in field.In the prior art, Chinese patent literature CN101821365A discloses a kind of gasification cooling system, The system is by tangentially spraying into gas into heat exchanger channels, so that high-temperature synthesis gas flows in a ring in annular heat exchange wall, And by parameters such as flow rate, the vibration frequencies of control spout fluid, synthesis gas is made more uniformly to be distributed to mention in heat pipeline High heat exchange efficiency;It also uses the mode of acoustic vibration to increase disturbance to enhance heat exchange simultaneously.Cooling system in the patent is logical It is too strong to be combined to flowing of the gas on heat-transfer surface to achieve the purpose that enhanced heat exchange, enhance the heat convection on heat-transfer surface.But thing In reality, at high temperature, the intensity of radiation heat transfer is much higher than heat convection, therefore the promotion ten of this heat-exchange system exchange thermal efficiency Divide limited.And synthesis gas heat exchange efficiency how is further increased, this is the still unsolved problem in this field.
Utility model content
What the utility model solved is heat exchange efficiency especially spoke existing for existing gasification synthesis gas Exposure degree technology The lower problem of heat exchange efficiency is penetrated, and then provide one kind can effectively promote radiation heat transfer efficiency and wall surface slagging can be solved simultaneously The synthesis gas heat recovering device of problem, the utility model additionally provide the gasification furnace including the synthesis gas heat recovering device.
The technical scheme in the invention for solving the above technical problem are as follows:
A kind of synthesis gas heat recovering device, comprising: radiation heat transfer room is provided with heat-transfer surface in the radiation heat transfer room; Radiation heat transfer chamber inlet is provided on the radiation heat transfer room;It is located at upstream in the indoor heat-transfer surface of the radiation heat transfer Part on be provided with the first injection apparatus, formed close to the heat-transfer surface low-temperature space and be located at the low-temperature space far from described The core high-temperature region of heat-transfer surface side;The downstream of the radiation heat transfer room is provided with radiation heat transfer room to export.
First injection apparatus is first jet group, and the radius of spray of each nozzle in the first jet group is greater than 0 and it is less than the equivalent radius of cylinder that nozzle position is surrounded by the heat-transfer surface;It is every in the first jet group The fluid stream that a nozzle sprays is converged in the fluid stream that the first vertical distance of heat-transfer surface where it and adjacent nozzle spray, First vertical range is less than the radius of spray of each nozzle in the first jet group.
The inlet of the radiation heat transfer room or the upstream of entrance are provided with the second injection apparatus.
The radiation heat transfer room includes shell and is arranged in the intracorporal inner cylinder of the shell, the inner wall and outer wall of the inner cylinder Face is heat-transfer surface, and a side opening of the inner cylinder is connected to radiation heat transfer chamber inlet, the outside wall surface of the inner cylinder and shell it Between form fluid channel, the indoor fluid of radiation heat transfer is by the inner cylinder downstream into the fluid channel.
The radiation heat transfer room includes inner cylinder and the outer cylinder that is arranged between the inner cylinder and shell, the inner wall of the inner cylinder The inner wall of face and outside wall surface and the outer cylinder is heat-transfer surface, and the side of the inner cylinder is connected to radiation heat transfer chamber inlet; Fluid channel is formed between the inner cylinder and outer cylinder, the fluid in the inner cylinder is led to by the inner cylinder downstream into the fluid Road.
On the inner wall for the upstream that the inner cylinder is arranged in the first jet group;Inner wall in the downstream of the inner cylinder On be additionally provided with third injection apparatus, the third injection apparatus is third nozzle sets, each nozzle in the third nozzle sets Radius of spray be nozzle position inner cylinder equivalent radius 50%~90%.
The 4th injection apparatus is provided on the fluid channel.
The upstream region of the inner cylinder and the downstream area of the fluid channel are connected to setting by refluxing opening, synthesis gas by When the radiation heat transfer chamber inlet enters the inner cylinder, low pressure reflow zone, the fluid channel are formed about in the refluxing opening Fraction the upstream of the inner cylinder is back to by injection by the refluxing opening.
The top of the inner cylinder is arranged in the radiation heat transfer chamber inlet, the inner cylinder bottom sidewall in the radiation heat transfer room Multiple air stream outlets are provided on face, the airflow direction of the multiple air stream outlet direction tilts clockwise or counterclockwise And the angle between tangential direction is consistent.
Multi-stage annular baffle, multi-stage annular baffle edge are provided on the outside of the inner cylinder bottom end of the radiation heat transfer room Direction from inside to outside is set gradually, and the bottom end of ring baffle successively reduces in the vertical direction.
A kind of gasification furnace including the synthesis gas heat recovering device, is additionally provided with vaporizer, in the vaporizer Upstream be provided with gasifying agent and oxidant inlet, the downstream of the vaporizer is provided with gasification chamber outlet;The radiation is changed Hot cell entrance is connected to setting with the gasification chamber outlet.
Based on the sensible heat recovery method of the synthesis gas heat recovering device, the synthesis gas enters the radiation heat transfer Room exchanges heat, and the temperature of the low-temperature space of the radiation heat transfer room is lower than 900 DEG C, and the temperature of core high-temperature region is at 900 DEG C More than;Wherein the equivalent radius of the core high-temperature region account for the equivalent radius of the radiation heat transfer room of its position 30%~ 95%.
The synthesis gas first carries out pre- cooling processing before being exchanged heat into the radiation heat transfer room, makes to enter institute The synthesis gas temperature of radiation heat transfer room is stated not higher than 1500 DEG C.
Synthesis gas heat recovering device described in the utility model, on the heat-transfer surface of the upstream of the radiation heat transfer room It is provided with the first injection apparatus, forms the core high-temperature region close to the low-temperature space of the heat-transfer surface and among low-temperature space;Institute State the first injection apparatus and be preferably arranged to first jet group, the fluid stream that each nozzle in the first jet group sprays away from From heat-transfer surface position the first vertical range d where it1Place is converged with the fluid stream that adjacent nozzle sprays, first vertical range d1The equivalent radius R of the cylinder surrounded greater than 0 and less than the heat-transfer surface of nozzle position1, preferably the first vertical range d1Greater than 0 and it is less than equivalent radius R160%, further preferably the first vertical range d1Greater than 0 and it is less than equivalent radius R1 30%;Under this set, the fluid that distributed nozzle sprays forms one and is effectively isolated, thus close to shape at heat-transfer surface At low-temperature space.Grey solid impurity particle into low-temperature space loses viscosity after cooling, will not form the grit being difficult to clean off in wall surface;Together When, core high-temperature region still keeps 900 DEG C or more of high temperature, to keep higher radiation heat transfer ability.Because of core high-temperature region Radiant exothermicity account for the major part of the total heat exchange amount in radiation heat transfer room, relative to synthesis gas entirety cool-down method, the utility model In border area cooling, core high temperature method can effectively improve and penetrate heat exchange amount.
Synthesis gas heat recovering device described in the utility model, inlet or entrance in the radiation heat transfer room The second injection apparatus is arranged in upstream.Second injection apparatus sprays into fluid media (medium) to synthesis gas, to high-temperature synthesis gas and lime-ash Pre- cooling processing is carried out, so that the gasification synthesis gas temperature into the radiation heat transfer room is not higher than 1500 DEG C, avoids temperature mistake The problem of high bring radiation heat transfer room material overtemperature, second injection apparatus is preferably second nozzle group.Second spray The inlet in the radiation heat transfer room can be set in mouth group, also can be set in the upstream of the entrance, i.e., the described vaporizer On laryngeal inlet between the radiation heat transfer chamber inlet.
The utility model is it is also preferred that radiation heat transfer room is arranged on the inner cylinder including being arranged in the intracorporal inner cylinder of shell There is radiation heat transfer chamber inlet, forms fluid channel, the radiation heat transfer between the outside wall surface and shell or outer cylinder of the inner cylinder Indoor fluid is by the inner cylinder downstream into the fluid channel.Under this setup, also set in inner cylinder bottom inside It is equipped with third injection apparatus.The third injection apparatus is preferably third nozzle sets, each nozzle in the third nozzle sets Radius of spray is 50%R~90%R, and wherein R is the equivalent radius of the inner cylinder of nozzle position, under this setup, Third injection apparatus has biggish penetration depth, and synthesis gas central temperature can be made to be effectively reduced, and efficiently realizes synthesis gas and ash Whole cooling of the slag on section, because major part is completed in inner cylinder heat exchange in the position, synthesis gas will turn to inflow annular Space, therefore the temperature in flow middle area is reduced, it can effectively avoid the molten ash particle of the core high-temperature region bonding when turning to In wall surface.
Synthesis gas heat recovering device described in the utility model is additionally provided with the 4th injection on the fluid channel Device, outer cylinder lower inside are that lime-ash particles collision cools down to the region compared with the position of concentration after gas baffling, are made sufficiently cold But grey solid impurity particle further cools down before colliding wall surface, is adhered to reducing or preventing.
Multilayer can be used in above-mentioned first jet group, second nozzle group, third nozzle sets and the 4th nozzle sets, each nozzle sets Or single layer is arranged, nozzle is evenly arranged and can also unevenly arrange in each layer;Can be between multiple nozzles, each layer nozzle in every layer Staggeredly or noninterlace arrangement, the injection direction of each nozzle are suitably central horizontal injection, circumferential spray or tilt angle injection etc.. In addition to nozzle sets, it is can also be used in first injection apparatus, the second injection apparatus, third injection apparatus and the 4th injection apparatus Its injection apparatus, such as with the annular spray device of continuous annular spray mouth.
Synthesis gas heat recovering device described in the utility model, advantage are:
(1) synthesis gas heat recovering device described in the utility model, by the way that first injection apparatus is arranged, thus The upstream of radiation heat transfer room forms the core high-temperature region close to the low-temperature space of heat-transfer surface and among low-temperature space, core high-temperature region By radiation mode heat exchange mode between heat-transfer surface, the efficiency of heat exchange is effectively increased.Sensible heat described in the utility model simultaneously Recyclable device is realized by the way that multi-stage jet device is arranged to form multiple regions on the flow path of gasification synthesis gas Zonal control.
(2) synthesis gas heat recovering device described in the utility model, is provided with air stream outlet and multi-stage annular baffle, In multiple air stream outlets be circumferentially positioned on the inner cylinder bottom side wall surface of the radiation heat transfer room, fluid reach bottom after, The particle being wherein mingled with continues to move down under the action of inertia, and fraction then passes through the air stream outlet and spreads outward, And further shunt to realize Gas-solid Two-phase Flow under the action of the multi-stage annular baffle, by using water conservancy diversion ash disposal skill Art reduces the movement of the inside tube wall surface of bulky grain, reduces air-flow and turns to the little particle carried secretly in area's air-flow.
(3) synthesis gas heat recovering device described in the utility model is provided in the radiation heat transfer chamber inlet attachment Refluxing opening is formed about low pressure reflow zone in the refluxing opening, and the fraction of the fluid channel is back to described by injection Radiation heat transfer room increases air-flow in the indoor heat-exchange time that exchanges heat to optimize radiation heat transfer chamber inlet gas recirculation, Enhance heat transfer effect.
In order to keep the technical solution of synthesis gas heat recovering device and gasification furnace described in the utility model more clear bright It is white, the technical solution in the utility model is further described with attached drawing With reference to embodiment.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 show the structural representation that inner cylinder top described in the utility model is provided with the heat-exchanger rig of return flow line Figure;
Fig. 2 show the structural schematic diagram in the section at the inner cylinder of radiation heat transfer room described in the utility model;
Fig. 3 show the structural schematic diagram in the section at the laryngeal inlet of heat-exchanger rig described in the utility model;
Fig. 4 show the structural schematic diagram of the convertible mode of heat-exchanger rig described in the utility model;
Fig. 5 show the structural schematic diagram of multi-stage annular baffle described in the utility model;
Fig. 6 show the structural schematic diagram of the inner cylinder bottom described in the utility model for being provided with multiple air stream outlets;
Fig. 7 show the cross sectional plan view of multiple air stream outlets described in the utility model.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, certain exemplary embodiments are simply just described.As one skilled in the art will recognize that Like that, without departing from the spirit or scope of the present utility model, it can be modified by various different modes described real Apply example.Therefore, attached drawing and description are considered essentially illustrative rather than restrictive.
In following embodiments, " upstream " and " downstream " when being related to describing orientation is the flow direction relative to fluid For;" top " and " bottom end " being directed to is then for when device is placed vertically, under vertical placement status Upper end be top, otherwise be bottom end;The "inner" and "outside" are for inside and outside device, by the inside of described device It is outer that the direction outside gasification furnace is directed toward in middle position, otherwise is interior;" radius of spray " for the nozzle being related in text refers to from institute The flow rate attenuation for stating the fluid of nozzle ejection be that the ratio that undergoes phase transition of 90% or fluid of ejection flow velocity accounts for ejecting fluid flow 90% positional distance jet port vertical range.It should be noted that the gasification furnace or aobvious in the utility model Heat recovery apparatus can also be used non-vertical mode and place, and when using transverse direction or being obliquely installed, the utility model can still be realized Its technical effect.
Embodiment 1
Gasification furnace described in present embodiment is as shown in Figure 1, comprising: shell 1 is provided with gasification in the shell 1 Room is provided with gasifying agent and oxidant inlet 21 in top, that is, upstream of the vaporizer, in the case where the bottom end of the vaporizer is Trip is provided with gasification chamber outlet 22.
Radiation heat transfer room 3, the radiation heat transfer room 3 include setting in the intracorporal inner cylinder 32 of shell and outer cylinder 33;This embodiment party Radiation heat transfer room 3 described in formula is arranged in the lower section of the vaporizer 2, the inner side and outer side wall surface of the inner cylinder 32 and outer The interior sidewall surface of cylinder 33 is heat-transfer surface.The inner cylinder 32 and outer cylinder 33 in present embodiment are cylindrical tube, as Selectable embodiment, the inner cylinder 32 may be alternatively provided as the cylinder that section is rectangular or other arbitrary shapes with outer cylinder 33. The top of the inner cylinder 32 is provided with radiation heat transfer chamber inlet 31, the radiation heat transfer chamber inlet 31 goes out with the vaporizer 2 Mouth connection setting;It is provided with the first injection apparatus on the heat-transfer surface of the upstream of the inner cylinder 32, is formed close to the heat-transfer surface Low-temperature space and positioned at low-temperature space far from the heat-transfer surface side be inside core high-temperature region, as described in present embodiment The heat-transfer surface of inner cylinder is cylinder, therefore the core high-temperature region formed is located at the intracorporal middle position of cylinder.First injection apparatus 61 preferably first jet group, the first jet groups surround setting in one week of the heat-transfer surface of the upstream of the inner cylinder 32, and can Multilayer or single layer are set along fluid flow direction, the fluid flow direction in present embodiment is from top to bottom.This embodiment party It states the setting of first jet group in formula to have three layers, adjacent 2 layers of nozzle is using being staggered, as shown in Fig. 2, multiple in every layer of nozzle Nozzle is uniformly arranged, the radius of spray d of each nozzle in every layer of nozzle1Greater than 0 and at being less than where nozzle, inner cylinder 32 is worked as Measure radius, as preferred embodiment, the radius of spray d of each nozzle1Greater than 0 and it is less than inner cylinder 32 at nozzle place Equivalent radius 60%, it is highly preferred that the radius of spray d of each nozzle1Greater than 0 and it is less than inner cylinder at nozzle place The 30% of 32 equivalent radius, to be conducive to improve the volume of core high-temperature region;What each nozzle in every layer of nozzle sprayed Fluid stream is in the first vertical range of heat-transfer surface position d where it1Locate and fluid that the adjacent nozzle that is located on the same floor sprays Stream convergence, the first vertical range d1Radius of spray rs greater than 0 and less than nozzle1.As selectable embodiment, layer Noninterlace arrangement mode can also be used in the nozzle between layer;Non-homogeneous set can also be used in multiple nozzles in every layer of nozzle It sets, the fluid stream that the nozzle between layers ejects can converge, and can also not converge mutually.
The gasification chamber outlet 22 of the radiation heat transfer chamber inlet 31 and the vaporizer 2 in present embodiment passes through larynx The connection of portion channel, is provided with the second injection apparatus on the inlet of the radiation heat transfer room or the laryngeal inlet of inlet upstream, Second injection apparatus is preferably second nozzle group, as shown in Fig. 2, in the second nozzle group nozzle radius of spray rs2 Greater than 50% (i.e. 50%R of the radius at the laryngeal inlet2) it is less than the radius R at the laryngeal inlet2, second spray The settable single layer of mouth group or multilayer, the fluid stream that each nozzle of each layer of nozzle sprays is in heat-transfer surface second where it Vertical range d2The fluid stream for the adjacent nozzle ejection located and be located on the same floor converges, the distance d2Less than the injection half of nozzle Diameter.To realize that the cooling second nozzle group of global sections is uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the laryngeal inlet.
Fluid channel is formed between inner cylinder 32 described in present embodiment and outer cylinder 33, the fluid is by the inner cylinder 32 Downstream, that is, inner cylinder 32 bottom enters the fluid channel.In the case where the inner cylinder 32 is located at first injection apparatus 61 Third injection apparatus is additionally provided on the inner wall of trip, the third injection apparatus is third nozzle sets, the third nozzle sets In each nozzle radius of spray be 50%R~90%R, wherein R be nozzle position inner cylinder 32 equivalent radius.? The 4th injection apparatus is additionally provided on the fluid channel, the 4th injection apparatus is preferably the 4th nozzle sets, and the described 4th Nozzle sets are distributed on the outside wall surface of the inner cylinder 32 or the inner wall of the corresponding outer cylinder 33, and the 4th nozzle sets are close The setting of the bottom end of the inner cylinder 32 and outer cylinder 33;Radiation heat transfer is provided on the outer cylinder 33 for being located at the 4th nozzle sets downstream Room outlet 5.
As preferred embodiment, the lower part of radiation heat transfer room is provided with slag bath 4, the bottom end of outer cylinder extends to described Below the liquid level of slag bath 4, the bottom end of inner cylinder is then located at the top of slag bath 4.
It is logical positioned at the region of the inner cylinder 32 of 61 upstream of the first injection apparatus and the fluid in present embodiment Road is located at the region in the 4th injection apparatus group downstream by the connection setting of refluxing opening 71, as shown in Figure 1, present embodiment In, the diameter of the inner cylinder 32 is greater than the laryngeal inlet, to form the refluxing opening between inner cylinder 32 and laryngeal inlet 71.When synthesis gas enters the radiation heat transfer room 3 by the radiation heat transfer chamber inlet 31, it is formed about in the refluxing opening 71 low Recirculating zone is pressed, the fraction of the fluid channel is back to the radiation heat transfer room 3 by injection.As selectable embodiment party Formula can also be not provided with the refluxing opening 71, and the fluid into fluid channel all passes through radiation heat transfer room outlet discharge, such as Fig. 4 It is shown.
In addition to nozzle sets, first injection apparatus 61, the second injection apparatus 62, third injection apparatus and the 4th injection dress It sets and other injection apparatus can also be used, such as the annular spray device with continuous annular spray mouth.
Recovery method based on synthesis gas heat recovering device in present embodiment includes: by gasifying agent and oxidant by institute It states gasifying agent and oxidant inlet 21 is sent into vaporizer 2 and carries out gasification reaction generation synthesis gas, wherein gasifying agent is carbon-containing fuel, The oxidant is oxygen-containing gas and steam;Synthesis gas is entered the inner cylinder 32 of the radiation heat transfer room 3 by the laryngeal inlet, Into being cooled down in advance using second nozzle group injection fluid in the process, control enters in the inner cylinder 32 of radiation heat transfer room 3 Fluid temperature be not higher than 1500 DEG C;Synthesis gas enters the inner cylinder 32, sprays fluid using the first injection apparatus 61, keeps The temperature of the low-temperature space of the radiation heat transfer room 3 is lower than 900 DEG C, and the temperature of core high-temperature region is at 900 DEG C or more, to protect Demonstrate,prove efficient heat exchange efficiency.Wherein the equivalent radius of the core high-temperature region accounts for the equivalent of the radiation heat transfer room of its position The 30%~95% of radius, and further preferably 30~60%.The stream continued traveling downwardly by the low-temperature space and core high-temperature region Body cools down under the further jet-action of third injection apparatus, so that fluid cross-section temperature integrally reduces, in turn Viscosity is reduced, prevents particle from colliding bonding when entering outer cylinder 33 by the turning of inner cylinder 32 with wall surface, into the inner cylinder 32 After between outer cylinder 33, then by the 4th nozzle sets cooling is further sprayed, is colliding insufficient cooling grey solid impurity particle The cooling that takes a step forward of wall surface, is adhered to reducing or preventing.
The fluid that first jet group, second nozzle group, third nozzle sets and the 4th nozzle sets in present embodiment spray It is suitably nitrogen, carbon dioxide, synthesis gas after cooling, vapor, the combination of any one or more in water.
Embodiment 2
Gasification furnace described in present embodiment, including shell 1 are provided with vaporizer 2 in the shell 1, described Top, that is, upstream of vaporizer 2 is provided with gasifying agent and oxidant inlet, and bottom end, that is, downstream of the vaporizer 2 is provided with gas Change room outlet 22.
Synthesis gas heat recovering device is provided in shell 1, the synthesis gas heat recovering device includes: radiation heat transfer Room 3, the radiation heat transfer room 3 include shell 1 and the inner cylinder 32 being arranged in shell 1, the inner wall and outer wall of the inner cylinder 32 Face is heat-transfer surface;The lower section of the vaporizer 2, present embodiment is arranged in radiation heat transfer room 3 described in present embodiment Described in heat-transfer surface be water cooling tube composition heat-transfer surface changing for other forms can also be used as selectable embodiment Hot face.The inner cylinder 32 and shell 1 of the radiation heat transfer room 3 in present embodiment are cylindrical tube, as selectable Embodiment, the radiation heat transfer room 3 may be alternatively provided as the cylinder that section is rectangular or other arbitrary shapes.In the inner cylinder Top is provided with radiation heat transfer chamber inlet 31, and the radiation heat transfer chamber inlet 31 is connected to setting with the gasification chamber outlet 22;? Be provided with the first injection apparatus 61 on the heat-transfer surface of the upstream of the inner cylinder, formed close to the heat-transfer surface low-temperature space and be located at Core high-temperature region among low-temperature space.First injection apparatus 61 is preferably first jet group, and the first jet group is surround One week of the heat-transfer surface of the upstream of the inner cylinder 32 is arranged, and multilayer or single layer, this implementation can be arranged along fluid flow direction Fluid flow direction in mode is from top to bottom.It states the setting of first jet group in present embodiment to have three layers, adjacent 2 layers of nozzle Using being staggered, multiple nozzles in every layer of nozzle are uniformly arranged, the radius of spray d of each nozzle in every layer of nozzle1Greatly In 0 and be less than nozzle where at inner cylinder 32 equivalent radius, as preferred embodiment, the radius of spray of each nozzle d1Greater than 0 and it is less than 60% of the equivalent radius of inner cylinder 32 at nozzle place, it is highly preferred that the radius of spray of each nozzle d1Greater than 0 and it is less than 30% of the equivalent radius of inner cylinder 32 at nozzle place;The fluid that each nozzle in every layer of nozzle sprays Stream is in the first vertical range of heat-transfer surface position d where it1The fluid stream for the adjacent nozzle ejection located and be located on the same floor converges It is poly-, the first vertical range d1Radius of spray rs greater than 0 and less than nozzle1
The gasification chamber outlet 22 of the radiation heat transfer chamber inlet 31 and the vaporizer 2 in present embodiment passes through larynx The connection of portion channel, is provided with the second injection apparatus on the inlet of the radiation heat transfer room or the laryngeal inlet of inlet upstream 62, second injection apparatus 62 is preferably second nozzle group, the radius of spray rs of nozzle in the second nozzle group2Greater than institute State 50% (i.e. 50%R of the radius at laryngeal inlet2) it is less than the radius R at the laryngeal inlet2, the second nozzle group can Single layer or multilayer be set, the fluid stream that each nozzle of each layer of nozzle sprays where it heat-transfer surface second vertically away from From d2The fluid stream for the adjacent nozzle ejection located and be located on the same floor converges, the distance d2Less than the radius of spray of nozzle
Fluid channel is formed between the outside wall surface and shell 1 of inner cylinder 32 described in present embodiment, the fluid is by described The downstream of inner cylinder 32, that is, inner cylinder 32 bottom enters the fluid channel.It is located at first injection in the inner cylinder 32 Third injection apparatus is additionally provided on the inner wall in the downstream of device 61, the third injection apparatus is third nozzle sets, described The radius of spray of each nozzle is 50%R~90%R in third nozzle sets, and wherein R is working as the inner cylinder of nozzle position Measure radius.The 4th injection apparatus is additionally provided on the fluid channel, the 4th injection apparatus is preferably the 4th nozzle sets, 4th nozzle sets are distributed in the outside wall surface of the inner cylinder and the inner wall of the corresponding shell 1, and close to the spoke Penetrate the bottom end setting of Heat Room 3;Radiation heat transfer room outlet 5 is provided on the shell 1 for being located at the 4th nozzle sets downstream.
The lower part of radiation heat transfer room is provided with slag bath 4, the bottom end of the inner cylinder 32 is located at the top of slag bath 4, as can The embodiment of selection, the bottom end of the inner cylinder 32 also may extend to below the liquid level of the slag bath.
Highly preferred embodiment, positioned at 61 upstream of the first injection apparatus the inner cylinder 32 region with it is described Fluid channel is located at the region in the 4th injection apparatus group downstream by the connection setting of refluxing opening 71, and synthesis gas is by the radiation When the chamber inlet 31 that exchanges heat enters the radiation heat transfer room, it is formed about low pressure reflow zone in the refluxing opening 71, the fluid is logical The fraction in road is back to the inner cylinder 32 by injection by refluxing opening.
In addition to nozzle sets, first injection apparatus 61, the second injection apparatus 62, third injection apparatus and the 4th injection dress It sets and other injection apparatus can also be used, such as the annular spray device with continuous annular spray mouth.
Recovery method based on synthesis gas heat recovering device in present embodiment includes: by gasifying agent and oxidant by institute It states gasifying agent and oxidant inlet 21 is sent into vaporizer 2 and carries out gasification reaction generation synthesis gas, wherein gasifying agent is carbon-containing fuel, The oxidant is oxygen-containing gas and steam;Synthesis gas enters the radiation heat transfer room 3 by the laryngeal inlet, in this process Middle to be cooled down in advance using second nozzle group injection fluid, the temperature that control enters the fluid in radiation heat transfer room 3 is not high In 1500 DEG C;Synthesis gas enters the radiation heat transfer room 3, sprays fluid using the first injection apparatus 61, and the radiation is kept to change The temperature of the low-temperature space in hot cell 3 is lower than 900 DEG C, and the temperature of core high-temperature region is at 900 DEG C or more.The wherein core high temperature The equivalent radius in area accounts for the 30%~95% of the equivalent radius of the radiation heat transfer room of its position, and further preferably 30~60%.The fluid that first jet group, second nozzle group, third nozzle sets and the 4th nozzle sets in present embodiment spray It is suitably nitrogen, carbon dioxide, synthesis gas after cooling, vapor, the combination of any one or more in water.
Embodiment 3
Gasification furnace described in present embodiment includes shell 1, vaporizer 2 is provided in the shell 1, in the gas The upstream for changing room 2 is provided with gasifying agent and oxidant inlet 21, and the downstream of the vaporizer 2 is provided with gasification chamber outlet 22.
Synthesis gas heat recovering device is provided in shell 1, the synthesis gas heat recovering device includes: radiation heat transfer Room 3, the radiation heat transfer room 3 include shell 1 and the inner cylinder 32 being arranged in shell 1, the inner wall and outer wall of the inner cylinder 32 Face is heat-transfer surface;The lower section of the vaporizer 2, present embodiment is arranged in radiation heat transfer room 3 described in present embodiment In the radiation heat transfer room 3 inner cylinder 32 and shell be cylindrical tube, as selectable embodiment, the inner cylinder 32 may be alternatively provided as the cylinder that section is rectangular or other arbitrary shapes.The top of the inner cylinder 32 is provided with radiation heat transfer room Entrance 31, the radiation heat transfer chamber inlet 31 are connected to setting with the gasification chamber outlet 22;Upstream inside the inner cylinder 32 Heat-transfer surface on be provided with the first injection apparatus 61, form the core close to the low-temperature space of the heat-transfer surface and among low-temperature space Heart high-temperature region.First injection apparatus 61 is preferably first jet group, and the first jet group is upper around the inner cylinder 32 One week of the heat-transfer surface of trip is arranged, and multilayer or single layer, the fluid stream in present embodiment can be arranged along fluid flow direction Dynamic direction is from top to bottom.It states the setting of first jet group in present embodiment to have three layers, adjacent 2 layers of nozzle is using being staggered, often Multiple nozzles in layer nozzle are uniformly arranged, the radius of spray d of each nozzle in every layer of nozzle1Greater than 0 and it is less than nozzle institute In the equivalent radius of place's inner cylinder 32, as preferred embodiment, the radius of spray d of each nozzle1Greater than 0 and it is less than The 60% of the equivalent radius of inner cylinder 32 at where nozzle, it is highly preferred that the radius of spray d of each nozzle1It is greater than 0 and small The 30% of the equivalent radius of inner cylinder 32 at where nozzle;The fluid stream that each nozzle in every layer of nozzle sprays is apart from its institute In heat-transfer surface position the first vertical range d1The fluid stream for the adjacent nozzle ejection located and be located on the same floor converges, and described first hangs down Directly distance d1Radius of spray rs greater than 0 and less than nozzle1
The gasification chamber outlet 22 of the radiation heat transfer chamber inlet 31 and the vaporizer in present embodiment passes through throat Channel connection, is provided with the second injection apparatus 62 on the inlet of the radiation heat transfer room 3 or the laryngeal inlet of inlet upstream, Second injection apparatus 62 is preferably second nozzle group, the radius of spray rs of nozzle in the second nozzle group2Greater than described 50% (i.e. 50%R of the radius at laryngeal inlet2) it is less than the radius R at the laryngeal inlet2, the second nozzle group can set Single layer or multilayer are set, the fluid stream that each nozzle of each layer of nozzle sprays is in the second vertical range of heat-transfer surface where it d2The fluid stream for the adjacent nozzle ejection located and be located on the same floor converges, the distance d2Less than the radius of spray of nozzle
Fluid channel is formed between the outside wall surface and shell 1 of inner cylinder 32 described in present embodiment, the fluid is by described The downstream of inner cylinder 32, that is, inner cylinder 32 bottom enters the fluid channel.It is located at first injection in the inner cylinder 32 Third injection apparatus is additionally provided on the inner wall in the downstream of device 61, the third injection apparatus is third nozzle sets, described The radius of spray of each nozzle is 50%R~90%R in third nozzle sets, and wherein R is working as the inner cylinder of nozzle position Measure radius.
The fluid that first jet group, second nozzle group, third nozzle sets in present embodiment spray is suitably nitrogen, two Carbonoxide, synthesis gas after cooling, vapor, the combination of any one or more in water.
It is logical positioned at the region of the inner cylinder 32 of 61 upstream of the first injection apparatus and the fluid in present embodiment Road is by the connection setting of refluxing opening 71, when synthesis gas enters the radiation heat transfer room by the radiation heat transfer chamber inlet 31, in institute It states refluxing opening 71 and is formed about low pressure reflow zone, the fraction of the fluid channel is back to the inner cylinder 32 by injection.
Present embodiment is provided with multiple air stream outlets 82, as shown in Fig. 6 and 7, institute on the inner cylinder bottom side wall surface It is consistent to state angle of the airflow direction of multiple air stream outlets 82 towards inclination clockwise and between tangential direction, it is described Angle can arbitrarily select between 0 ° to 90 °, and preferably 10-60 °.It is arranged in the outside of the inner cylinder bottom end of the radiation heat transfer room There are multistage 71 ring baffles 81, as shown in figure 5, the multi-stage annular baffle 81 is set gradually along direction from inside to outside, and ring The bottom end of shape baffle 81 successively reduces in the vertical direction.
Recovery method based on synthesis gas heat recovering device in present embodiment includes: by gasifying agent and oxidant by institute It states gasifying agent and oxidant inlet 21 is sent into vaporizer and carries out gasification reaction generation synthesis gas;Synthesis gas by the laryngeal inlet into Enter the radiation heat transfer room, is cooled down in advance using second nozzle group injection fluid in this course, control enters spoke The temperature for the indoor fluid that exchanges heat is penetrated not higher than 1500 DEG C;Synthesis gas enters the radiation heat transfer room, utilizes the first injection apparatus 61 injection fluids, keep the temperature of the low-temperature space of the radiation heat transfer room lower than 900 DEG C, the temperature of core high-temperature region exists 900 DEG C or more.Wherein the equivalent radius of the core high-temperature region accounts for the equivalent radius of the radiation heat transfer room of its position 30%~95%.The fluid continued traveling downwardly by the low-temperature space and core high-temperature region is made in the further injection of third injection apparatus Cool down under, so that fluid cross-section temperature integrally reduces, and then reduce viscosity, prevent particle by inner cylinder turn into Collide when entering outside with wall surface bonding, after fluid reaches bottom, wherein under the particle being mingled with continues under the action of inertia It moves, and fraction then passes through the air stream outlet and spreads outward, and under the action of the multi-stage annular baffle further It shunts to realize Gas-solid Two-phase Flow, the movement of the inside tube wall surface of bulky grain is reduced by using water conservancy diversion ash cleaning technology, reduce The problem of air-flow turns to the little particle carried secretly in area's air-flow, and fluid channel corresponding heat-transfer surface fouling has been effectively relieved.
In the case where heat-transfer surface arrangement is identical, synthesis gas heat recovering device described in above-described embodiment 1-3, Compared to the heat recovery apparatus using whole spray cooling mode, 10-50% is can be improved in heat recovery rate.
Above description is only a specific implementation of the present invention, but the protection scope of the utility model is not limited to In this, anyone skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the utility model, can readily occur in variation Or replacement, it should be covered within the scope of the utility model.Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model should be with the power Subject to the protection scope that benefit requires.

Claims (11)

1. a kind of synthesis gas heat recovering device characterized by comprising radiation heat transfer room is arranged in the radiation heat transfer room There is heat-transfer surface;Radiation heat transfer chamber inlet is provided on the radiation heat transfer room;In the indoor heat exchange of the radiation heat transfer Face, which is located on the part of upstream, is provided with the first injection apparatus, is formed close to the low-temperature space of the heat-transfer surface and positioned at the low temperature Core high-temperature region of the area far from the heat-transfer surface side;The downstream of the radiation heat transfer room is provided with radiation heat transfer room to export.
2. synthesis gas heat recovering device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first injection apparatus is first Nozzle sets, the radius of spray of each nozzle in the first jet group is greater than 0 and is less than nozzle position to be changed by described The equivalent radius for the cylinder that hot face is surrounded;The fluid stream that each nozzle in the first jet group sprays is where it The fluid stream that the first vertical distance of heat-transfer surface and adjacent nozzle spray converges, and first vertical range is less than first spray The radius of spray of each nozzle in mouth group.
3. synthesis gas heat recovering device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the entrance in the radiation heat transfer room Place or the upstream of entrance are provided with the second injection apparatus.
4. synthesis gas heat recovering device according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, which is characterized in that the radiation heat transfer room packet It includes shell and is arranged in the intracorporal inner cylinder of the shell, the inner wall and outside wall surface of the inner cylinder are heat-transfer surface, the inner cylinder One side opening is connected to radiation heat transfer chamber inlet, and fluid channel, the radiation are formed between the outside wall surface and shell of the inner cylinder Exchange heat indoor fluid by the inner cylinder downstream into the fluid channel.
5. synthesis gas heat recovering device according to claim 2 or 3, which is characterized in that the radiation heat transfer room includes Inner cylinder and the outer cylinder being arranged between the inner cylinder and shell, the inner wall and outside wall surface of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder it is interior Wall surface is heat-transfer surface, and the side of the inner cylinder is connected to radiation heat transfer chamber inlet;Fluid is formed between the inner cylinder and outer cylinder Channel, the fluid in the inner cylinder is by the inner cylinder downstream into the fluid channel.
6. synthesis gas heat recovering device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the first jet group is arranged in institute On the inner wall for stating the upstream of inner cylinder;It is additionally provided with third injection apparatus on the inner wall in the downstream of the inner cylinder, described Three injection apparatus are third nozzle sets, and the radius of spray of each nozzle is the interior of nozzle position in the third nozzle sets The 50%~90% of the equivalent radius of cylinder.
7. synthesis gas heat recovering device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that be provided on the fluid channel 4th injection apparatus.
8. synthesis gas heat recovering device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the upstream region of the inner cylinder and institute The downstream area for stating fluid channel is connected to by refluxing opening to be arranged, and synthesis gas enters the inner cylinder by the radiation heat transfer chamber inlet When, it is formed about low pressure reflow zone in the refluxing opening, the fraction of the fluid channel is by the refluxing opening by injection It is back to the upstream of the inner cylinder.
9. synthesis gas heat recovering device according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the radiation heat transfer chamber inlet setting On the top of the inner cylinder, multiple air stream outlets are provided on the inner cylinder bottom side wall surface of the radiation heat transfer room, it is described more Angle of the airflow direction of a air stream outlet towards inclination clockwise or counterclockwise and between tangential direction is consistent.
10. synthesis gas heat recovering device according to claim 9, which is characterized in that in the radiation heat transfer room Multi-stage annular baffle is provided on the outside of cylinder bottom end, the multi-stage annular baffle is set gradually along direction from inside to outside, and ring The bottom end of shape baffle successively reduces in the vertical direction.
11. a kind of gasification furnace including synthesis gas heat recovering device described in claim 1-10, which is characterized in that also set up There is vaporizer, the upstream of the vaporizer is provided with gasifying agent and oxidant inlet, is provided in the downstream of the vaporizer Gasification chamber outlet;The radiation heat transfer chamber inlet is connected to setting with the gasification chamber outlet.
CN201820495385.7U 2018-04-09 2018-04-09 A kind of synthesis gas heat recovering device and gasification furnace Active CN208279578U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108342227A (en) * 2018-04-09 2018-07-31 北京迈未科技有限公司 A kind of synthesis gas heat recovering device and recovery method and gasification furnace

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108342227A (en) * 2018-04-09 2018-07-31 北京迈未科技有限公司 A kind of synthesis gas heat recovering device and recovery method and gasification furnace
WO2019196497A1 (en) * 2018-04-09 2019-10-17 北京迈未科技有限公司 Synthesis-gas sensible heat recovery apparatus and recovery method, and gasifier

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