JP6017980B2 - Plant cultivation structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a plant cultivation structure for promoting the growth of plants such as vegetables, fruits and ikebana by warming the soil in winter when the temperature is low.

  Conventionally, a hot air heater is installed in a house at a time when the temperature is low, and the indoor air heater is used to heat the room. Also, a hot water pipe is buried in the soil in the house, and heating in the soil is also performed using heat generated from the hot water pipe. In this way, plant growth is promoted (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  One end of the hot water pipe is connected to a water tank storing water, and the water in the water tank is warmed using exhaust gas discharged from the hot air fan. By supplying this warmed warm water to the warm water pipe, the inside of the soil can be warmed. Thus, in patent document 1, it enables it to perform both indoor heating and the heating in soil with the heat of one hot air heater.

Japanese Utility Model Publication 4-53246

  According to the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, since the water in the water tank is heated using the heat discharged from the hot air blower, the amount of fuel consumption can be suppressed, but the temperature of the hot water pipe is set to a predetermined value particularly in cold weather. It cannot be raised above the temperature (for example, 20 ° C.). Therefore, the temperature at the sowing position in the vicinity of the soil surface that is a distance from the hot water pipe cannot be maintained more than necessary, and plant growth cannot be promoted. For this reason, the temperature of the hot water pipe will be raised by fully demonstrating the capability of the hot air blower, but this will lead to an increase in fuel consumption and the inconvenience of increasing the burden of fuel charges cannot be solved. .

  In view of the above-described situation, an object of the present invention is to provide a plant cultivation structure that can promote the growth of plants while suppressing fuel consumption.

The plant cultivation structure of the present invention, for solving the above-mentioned problem, is located below the sowing position, and a hot water pipe embedded at a position deeper than the depth of cultivating the land with agricultural equipment, and more than the hot water pipe Drainage in which a heat insulating body provided below is provided, and the plowing depth is within a range of 20 cm or more and 60 cm or less downward from the surface of the planting plant, and water flows downward immediately below the hot water pipe The heat insulator is positioned on both sides of the passage so that a passage is formed, and the upper surface of each heat insulator is configured to have an inclined surface positioned below the drain passage . .

According to such a configuration, heat generated from the hot water pipe is radiated not only upward but also downward. The downward heat hits the insulator and is reflected upward. As a result, a part of the heat generated from the hot water pipe is not radiated unnecessarily downward, and the heat from the hot water pipe can be efficiently radiated to the sowing position. Therefore, the temperature in the soil can be raised as compared with the case where no heat insulator is provided. Also, when plowing the land with a farm tool after sowing the next plant seed after the plant is harvested, the nail of the farm tool will not hit the hot water pipe, avoiding troubles such as damaging the hot water pipe be able to.
Moreover, the water flowing into the soil does not stay on the upper surface of the heat insulator, and can be guided to the drainage passage side by the inclined surface of the heat insulator, so that the root of the plant is prevented from decaying with the accumulated water. it can. In addition, in a straight root type plant that roots downward, the root can grow toward the drainage passage without breaking through the heat insulator. In addition, by rooting the drainage passage, water can be sufficiently supplied to the root, and the growth of the plant can be further promoted.

  The plant cultivation structure of the present invention may have a configuration in which the heat insulator is formed in a triangular prism shape having a right-angled cross section, and the inclined surface serves as a guide surface for water flowing downward.

  According to the above configuration, since the heat insulator can be disposed simply by placing the flat bottom surface of the triangular prism shape on the flattened soil and filling it with the soil, the plate-shaped or rectangular parallelepiped heat insulator is provided in a predetermined shape. Compared to the work of burying in the soil so as to have an inclination angle, the work is easier.

  Further, the plant cultivation structure of the present invention may be configured such that the hot water pipe and the heat insulator are installed in soil in a house.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the plant cultivation structure which can promote the growth of a plant can be provided, although fuel consumption can be suppressed by providing a heat insulator below a warm water pipe.

It is a vertical front view of the plant cultivation structure which shows 1st embodiment of this invention. It is a front view which shows other embodiment of a heat insulating body. It is a vertical front view of the principal part of the plant cultivation structure which shows 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is a vertical front view of the principal part of the plant cultivation structure which shows 3rd embodiment of this invention. It is a vertical front view of the principal part of the plant cultivation structure which shows 4th embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, a first embodiment of a plant cultivation structure for promoting the growth of plants (vegetables, fruits, ikebana, etc.) according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Plants include vegetables, fruits and fresh flowers.

<First embodiment>
As shown in FIG. 1, the plant cultivation structure is provided in the soil in a transparent or translucent vinyl chloride or glass house 1. In FIG. 1, a cocoon 2 is formed by raising soil in a long and straight line with a predetermined interval, and an upper portion of the cocoon 2 is a seeding position 3 for sowing seeds. Below this sowing position 3, and burying the hot water pipe 4 at a position deeper than the depth of cultivating the land with the farm equipment, the thermal water pipe 5 is provided below the hot water pipe 4, and a plant cultivation structure is constructed. Yes. The width H of the ridge 2 is set to 90 cm.

  The cocoon 2 is formed in a trapezoidal shape whose upper surface is a flat surface, but may be mountain-shaped, and in some cases, a plant cultivation structure may be embedded in the soil without the cocoon 2.

  The hot water pipe 4 is made of polyethylene and is composed of a round pipe having a diameter of 40 mm and a circular cross section. In addition, when plowing the land with a cultivator, which is an agricultural tool, the hot water pipe 4 is at a depth where the distance L1 from the surface of the cocoon 2 (the surface of the planting ground) is 40 cm so that the claws of the cultivator do not hit. Buried. In addition, when plowing land with a riding cultivator (tractor), warm water is at a depth where the distance L1 from the surface of the reed 2 (plant planting surface) is 60 cm so that the tractor's claws do not hit it. The tube 4 is embedded. Moreover, when plowing land manually with a straw, the hot water pipe | tube 4 is embed | buried in the depth position from which the distance L1 from the surface (surface of a planting ground) of the straw 2 becomes 20 cm at least. In addition, in a tiller and a tractor, when the plowing depth can be adjusted, the plowing machine or tractor should be adjusted according to the plowing depth between 20 cm and 60 cm from the surface of the reed 2 (plant planting surface). become. The hot water pipe 4 is connected to a hot water tank that is heated by a heating means (not shown) and converted into hot water. The surface of the plant planting ground is a ground surface for planting or sowing seeds. Here, the surface of the cocoon 2 is used, but when the cocoon 2 is not formed, the surface of the land is It becomes the surface of planting ground.

  The heat insulator 5 is located immediately below the hot water pipe 4, has a width wider than the diameter of the hot water pipe 4, and is embedded in a horizontal posture in which the upper surface is parallel to the upper surface of the basket 2. Specifically, the heat insulator 5 is made of expanded polystyrene and has a width wider than the range (width) E to be seeded, the width W is 50 cm, the thickness D is 5 cm, and the length (formation of the ridge 2). Although the dimension in the direction (that is, the dimension in the direction penetrating the paper surface of FIG. 1) is 5 m, it is not limited to these dimensions. Further, the distance from the lower end 4A of the hot water pipe 4 to the upper surface 5U of the heat insulator 5 is preferably as short as possible, but is preferably within 10 cm.

  When the room temperature in the house of FIG. 1 was set to 25 ° C. and the hot water having a temperature of 38 ° C. was passed through the hot water pipe 4, the surface temperature of the bowl 2 was measured and found to be 28 ° C. On the other hand, it measured also in the conventional case without the heat insulating body 5. FIG. In the conventional case, the room temperature in the house was set to 25 ° C. as described above. When the surface temperature of the bowl 2 when hot water having a temperature of 45 ° C. (temperature higher by 7 ° C.) than the room temperature is passed through the hot water pipe 4 is 23 to 25 ° C. Despite the flow of high temperature hot water, the surface temperature of the bowl 2 was lowered by 3 ° C to 5 ° C. This may be due to the effect of some heat escaping downward. And the result that the fall of the surface temperature of the gutter 2 can be suppressed by providing the heat insulating body 5 like this invention, even if the temperature which flows into the hot water pipe 4 is made low was obtained. Therefore, there is an effect that the growth of plants can be promoted while the fuel consumption can be suppressed.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the heat insulator 5 may be configured to include an arcuate concave surface 5 </ b> A that is recessed downward. If constituted in this way, when the heat radiated downward from the hot water pipe 4 is reflected to the heat insulator 5 and radiated upward, it is radiated to the ground surface with a predetermined width without being diffused. Can do. In addition, you may comprise the heat insulating body 5 with a high reflectance by vapor-depositing a metal on the surface (upper surface) of the heat insulating body 5 and providing a reflective layer. The radius of curvature of the concave surface 5A may be other than the size shown in the figure.

<Second embodiment>
Next, a second embodiment will be described based on FIG. In FIG. 3, the plate-like heat insulators 5, 5 shown in FIG. 1 are arranged on both sides of the drainage passage 6 so that a drainage passage 6 in which water flows downward is formed immediately below the hot water pipe 4. The heat insulators 5 and 5 having a slightly narrower width are positioned, and the heat insulators 5 and 5 are embedded in an inclined state so that the upper surface 5U of each heat insulator 5 becomes an inclined surface positioned below the drainage passage 6 side. doing. By configuring in this way, the water flowing into the soil does not stay on the upper surface of the heat insulator 5 and can be guided to the drainage passage 6 side by the inclined surface 5U of the heat insulator 5. 7 can suppress decay with the water which stayed. In addition, it is particularly advantageous in a straight-root type plant that roots downward, and the root 7 can grow toward the drainage passage 6 without breaking through the heat insulating body 5. Moreover, by stretching the root 7 in the drainage passage 6, water can be sufficiently supplied to the root 7, and the growth of the plant can be further promoted. The distance from the surface (upper surface) of the ridge 2 (the surface of the planting ground) to the hot water pipe 4 is the same as in the first embodiment. Further, the distances L2 and L2 between the hot water pipe 4 and the heat insulators 5 and 5 are preferably set to distances through which the root 7 can pass, and may be set to an arbitrary distance in the range of 5 cm to 20 cm depending on the plant. Is set. Although the inclination angle of the heat insulator 5 is set to approximately 30 degrees, it can be arbitrarily changed between 15 degrees and 60 degrees. Examples of the straight root type plant include bell pepper, eggplant, okra, radish, carrot, burdock, and sweet potato. In addition, examples of plants whose roots are in the horizontal direction include ginger and ginger.

<Third embodiment>
Next, a third embodiment will be described based on FIG. As in FIG. 3, the heat insulators 5, 5 are positioned on both sides of the drainage passage 6 so that the drainage passage 6 in which water flows downward is formed directly below the hot water pipe 4. And the heat insulation body 5 is formed in the shape of a triangular prism with a right triangle, and the slope 5S serves as a guide surface for water flowing downward. In this way, since the heat insulating body 5 can be arranged simply by placing the triangular prism-shaped flat bottom surface 5D on the flat soil and filling it with the soil, as shown in FIG. Compared to the work of burying the heat insulating body 5 in the soil so as to have a predetermined inclination angle, the work is easier. Also in this case, as in the second embodiment, it is particularly advantageous in a plant of a straight root type that roots downward, and the root 7 grows toward the drainage passage 6 without breaking through the heat insulating body 5. it can. Moreover, by stretching the root 7 in the drainage passage 6, water can be sufficiently supplied to the root 7, and the growth of the plant can be further promoted. The distance from the surface (upper surface) of the ridge 2 (the surface of the planting ground) to the hot water pipe 4 is the same as in the first embodiment. Further, the distances L3 and L3 between the hot water pipe 4 and the heat insulators 5 and 5 are preferably set to distances through which the root 7 can pass, and may be any distance depending on the plant in the range of 5 cm to 20 cm. Is set.

<Fourth embodiment>
Next, a fourth embodiment will be described based on FIG. As in FIG. 3, the heat insulators 5, 5 are positioned on both sides of the drainage passage 6 so that the drainage passage 6 in which water flows downward is formed directly below the hot water pipe 4. And each heat insulating body 5 is arrange | positioned so that the upper surface 5U may become a horizontal surface parallel to the surface (upper surface) of the collar 2, unlike FIG. The distance from the surface (upper surface) of the ridge 2 (the surface of the planting ground) to the hot water pipe 4 is the same as in the first embodiment. Further, the distances L4 and L4 between the hot water pipe 4 and the heat insulators 5 and 5 are preferably set to distances through which the root 7 can pass, and may be any distance depending on the plant in the range of 5 cm to 20 cm. Is set.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, A various change is possible in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention.

  In the said embodiment, although the plant cultivation structure was provided in the soil in a house, you may provide in the soil which performs open field cultivation.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the thing of plate shape, triangular prism shape, and a rectangular parallelepiped shape was shown as the heat insulating body 5, the shape of the heat insulating body 5 can be changed freely.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the hot water pipe 4 was comprised from polyethylene, since it does not generate | occur | produce the problem of rust at the time of comprising with a metal material by comprising with other various synthetic resins, although a metal material is used, You may comprise from what was coated with the synthetic resin.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... House, 2 ... Soot, 3 ... Seeding position, 4 ... Hot water pipe, 5 ... Thermal insulation, 5A ... Concave surface, 5D ... Bottom surface, 5S ... Slope, 5U ... Top surface (inclined surface), 6 ... Drainage passage, 7 ... root

Claims (3)

Provided with a hot water pipe located below the sowing position and deeper than the depth of cultivating the land with agricultural equipment, and a heat insulator provided below the hot water pipe , the plowing depth, It is within the range of 20 cm or more and 60 cm or less downward from the surface of the planting ground, and the drainage passage is formed immediately below the hot water pipe so that the drainage passage is formed on both sides of the passage. A plant cultivation structure characterized in that a heat insulator is positioned, and that the upper surface of each heat insulator is configured as an inclined surface positioned below the drainage passage side .   2. The plant cultivation structure according to claim 1, wherein the heat insulating body is formed in a triangular prism shape having a right-angled triangle in cross section, and the inclined surface serves as a guide surface for water flowing downward.   The plant cultivation structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hot water pipe and the heat insulator are installed in soil in a house.

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