JP2003000071A - Separated culture bed - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a separated culture bed whose culture soil can simply be sterilized without replacing the soil with other soil and without spraying a fungicide and whose culture soil can be cooled to culture crops in a green house in summer. SOLUTION: This separated culture bed is characterized by filling a bed 1 formed from a heat-insulating material 2 with culture soil 7, disposing a liquid fertilizer-supplying pipe 8 on the culture soil 7, and embedding in the culture soil 7 a heat pipe 5 obtained by attaching a plurality of closed metal outer pipes 15 to the outside of a heating medium-circulating metal pipe 14 in the longitudinal direction and sealing a hydraulic fluid 16 in the metal outer pipes 15 in a reduced pressure state, respectively.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an isolated cultivation bed.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in greenhouse cultivation, since the same soil is repeatedly used for a long period of time, harmful bacteria and pests are gradually increased, and there is a problem that growth failure of crops occurs. Therefore, it is necessary to replace the soil and sterilize the soil. Replacing the soil is time-consuming and costly for processing the remaining soil, so soil sterilization is often used. As a method of soil sterilization, there are burner burned soil and soil sterilization with methyl bromide, but burner burned soil is also troublesome, and soil sterilization with methyl bromide has environmental problems such as ozone layer destruction. In addition, there is a problem in that an agricultural house cannot be cultivated because the temperature inside the house becomes higher than 40 ° C in the summer.

[0003]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above problems, and can easily sterilize the soil without replacing the soil or spraying the bactericide, and cools the soil to produce greenhouse cultivation in summer. It also provides isolated cultivation beds that are also possible.

[0004]

The isolated cultivation bed according to claim 1 of the present invention is such that a bed formed of a heat insulating material is filled with a soil, and a liquid fertilizer supply pipe is provided on the soil. A heat pipe in which a plurality of sealed metal outer tubes are attached to the outside of the metal inner tube through which the heat medium circulates, along the longitudinal direction, and the working fluid is enclosed under reduced pressure inside the metal outer tubes. Is embedded inside the soil.

The isolated cultivation bed according to the second aspect of the present invention is characterized in that a heat pipe is embedded in the central portion of the soil filled in the bed.

[0006]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.
It will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows an isolated cultivation bed, where 1 is a bed, which is made of a heat insulating material 2 such as foamed plastic and has a U-shaped cross section. A drain groove 3 having a U-shaped cross section is formed in the center of the inner bottom of the bed 1.
Are formed. A waterproof sheet 4 is laid so as to cover the inner wall and bottom surface of the bed 1, and a root preventive sheet 6 is further laid so as to cover the upper portion.

The inside of the bed 1 is filled with a soil 7, and a heat pipe 5 is embedded in the center of the soil.
On the soil 7, a liquid fertilizer supply pipe 8 is provided.
The crop 10 is planted on the soil 7, and the surface of the soil is covered with a heat insulating sheet 11 that reflects infrared rays.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the heat pipe 5 is provided with a sealed metal outer pipe 15 at a predetermined interval on the outer side of a metal inner pipe 14 through which hot water 12 as a heat medium circulates. The working fluid 16 is sealed in the inside under reduced pressure. The metal inner pipe 14 is connected to a boiler (not shown), and the heated hot water 12 is circulated by a pump.

The isolated cultivation beds having the above construction are installed side by side in a house, and a crop 10 is planted and grown while supplying liquid fertilizer to the soil 7 from a supply pipe 8. The liquid fertilizer that has penetrated to the bottom of the soil 7 is drained to the outside through the drainage channel 3. In a normal cultivation state, the operation of the heat pipe 5 is stopped.

When the crop 10 is repeatedly cultivated, harmful fungi and pests are gradually increased, and the growth failure of the crop occurs. If this happens, use a boiler, for example, 80 ℃
The warm water 12 heated by the above is sent to a thin metal inner pipe 14 of the heat pipe 5 by a pump. When the hot water 12 having a high temperature flows through the metal inner pipe 14, the metal inner pipe 14 becomes the metal outer pipe 1.
It contacts the hydraulic fluid 16 enclosed in 515.

Since the working fluid 16 is sealed in the metallic outer tube 15 in a depressurized state, it immediately evaporates at a low temperature as shown in FIG. 4, and the vapor 17 of the evaporated working fluid 16 rapidly disappears from the metallic exterior. Spread entirely within tube 15. When the steam 17 comes into contact with the inner wall of the metal outer pipe 15 which is in contact with the soil 7 and is cold, heat is released here to be condensed and returned to the working fluid 16. As described above, the rapid evaporation of the working fluid 16 and the condensation on the inner wall surface of the metal outer tube 15 having a large outer diameter and a large heat dissipation area are repeated at high speed, whereby heat can be efficiently transferred.

When the metal outer tube 15 is heated, the heat is transferred to the cultivating soil 7 which is in contact with the outer circumference thereof, and the temperature gradually rises from the center side. ℃
It becomes a high temperature nearby and can completely kill harmful bacteria and pests in the soil for sterilization.

The heat pipe 5 is, as shown in FIG.
Since the metallic outer pipe 15 in which the working fluid 16 is enclosed is divided into a plurality of pieces, even if the heat pipe 5 is installed so as to be inclined along the gradient of the bed 1, the condensed working fluid 16 is made of one metallic material. A metal inner tube 1 which is held in the outer tube 15 and is always hot
Since it is in contact with 4, heat transfer can be continuously performed.

Further, since the metal inner pipe 14 is a thin metal pipe, the amount of warm water 12 to be circulated is small, and therefore a small boiler or pump is sufficient. Moreover, since the heat dissipation surface uses the metal outer tube 15 having a large surface area, the heat can be efficiently heated, the equipment cost and the running cost can be reduced, and the replacement work of the conventional soil 7 and the spraying of the disinfectant can be performed. The soil sterilization can be performed without affecting the neighborhood at all.

Further, in the summer when the temperature inside the house becomes high, if the ground water is passed through the metal inner pipe 14 of the heat pipe 5, the metal outer pipe 1 will come through the working fluid 16 that comes into contact therewith.
5 is cooled, and the soil 7 in contact with this surface is cooled.
Further, the heat from the sunlight and the outside air is blocked by the heat insulating sheet 11, so that the temperature rise of the soil 7 can be suppressed. Therefore, even if the temperature in the house reaches about 40 ° C., the temperature of the soil 7 can be kept at a low temperature of about 20 to 25 ° C., so that the house can be cultivated even in the summer when it is conventionally impossible to cultivate it. Can be done.

In the above description, the bed 1 is made of the heat insulating material 2 such as foamed plastic, but it may be made of other heat insulating material.

[0017]

As described above, claim 1 according to the present invention
According to the isolated cultivation bed described, the bed is filled with the soil inside the bed molded with the heat insulating material, the supply pipe of the liquid fertilizer is provided on the soil, and the heat pipe is embedded inside the soil, so that the thin metal is used. Efficiently heating the soil by circulating hot water inside the inner pipe makes it possible to completely kill harmful bacteria and pests in the soil and perform sterilization. Soil sterilization can be performed without affecting the neighborhood like spraying a bactericide.

Further, since the metal pipe is divided into the heat pipe, even if the heat pipe is installed so as to be inclined along the gradient of the bed, the working liquid sealed in the metal pipe is always at a high temperature. The heat transfer action can be continuously performed by contacting with. Furthermore, since the heat dissipation surface of the heat pipe uses a metal outer tube with a large surface area, it is possible to efficiently heat and cool the soil, and the heat medium used has a small flow rate.
Small boilers and pumps are sufficient, and equipment costs and running costs can be reduced.

Further, according to the isolated cultivation bed of claim 2, since the heat pipe is embedded in the central portion of the soil filled in the bed, the whole can be efficiently heated in a short time from the central portion.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional front view of an isolated cultivation bed according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a perspective view showing a state before planting a crop of the isolated cultivation bed of FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the heat pipe of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional side view showing the heat pipe of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 bet 2 insulation 3 drains 4 tarpaulin 5 heat pipe 6 root sheet 7 soil 8 Liquid fertilizer supply pipe 10 crops 11 Insulation sheet 12 hot water 14 Metal inner tube 15 Metal outer tube 16 hydraulic fluid 17 steam

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) A01M 17/00 A01M 17/00 A

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A bed formed of a heat insulating material is filled with soil, a liquid fertilizer supply pipe is provided on the soil, and a longitudinal direction is provided outside a metal inner pipe through which a heat medium circulates. Along with this, a plurality of closed metal outer tubes are attached, and heat pipes each containing a working fluid in a depressurized state inside the metal outer tubes are embedded in the cultivating soil. . 2. The isolated cultivation bed according to claim 1, wherein a heat pipe is embedded in a central portion of the soil filled in the bed.