JP6010120B2 - 膣内送達システム - Google Patents
膣内送達システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP6010120B2 JP6010120B2 JP2014520613A JP2014520613A JP6010120B2 JP 6010120 B2 JP6010120 B2 JP 6010120B2 JP 2014520613 A JP2014520613 A JP 2014520613A JP 2014520613 A JP2014520613 A JP 2014520613A JP 6010120 B2 JP6010120 B2 JP 6010120B2
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- acid
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- intravaginal delivery
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- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
- A61K47/32—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. carbomers, poly(meth)acrylates, or polyvinyl pyrrolidone
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
- A61K47/36—Polysaccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. gums, starch, alginate, dextrin, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, inulin, agar or pectin
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- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
- A61K9/0034—Urogenital system, e.g. vagina, uterus, cervix, penis, scrotum, urethra, bladder; Personal lubricants
- A61K9/0036—Devices retained in the vagina or cervix for a prolonged period, e.g. intravaginal rings, medicated tampons, medicated diaphragms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
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Description
この第1実施例において、本発明者らは、有機酸の徐放性送達システムの調製にカチオン性ポリマーが適しているかどうかについて評価した。
実施例1から明らかなように、カチオン性ポリマーは有機酸の制御された送達システムの調製に適していないことから、この実施例において、本発明者らは、カルボン酸を含むポリマーが上記目的に適しているかどうかを評価した。
1.プラセボ押出成形品:EVA80%及びEudragit L20%
2.押出成形品A:EVA75%、Eudragit L20%及び乳酸5%
3.押出成形品B:EVA70%、Eudragit L20%及び乳酸10%
2.初期pHを計測し、
3.24時間後、pHを計測し、溶媒を新しい脱塩水と交換した。
研究概要:
ナメクジ粘膜刺激(SMI)アッセイは、当初、医薬製剤及び医薬成分の粘膜刺激可能性を予測するためにLaboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology(UGent)において開発された。この試験は、陸生ナメクジ、アリオン・ルシタニクス(Arion lusitanicus)を利用する。ナメクジの体壁は、種々の層で構成される粘膜表面である。繊毛を有する細胞、微絨毛を有する細胞及び粘液分泌細胞を含む外側の単層円柱上皮が、上皮下結合組織を覆っている。刺激物質上に置かれたナメクジは粘液を産生する。さらに組織損傷を誘導することができ、結果的に粘膜表面からのタンパク質及び酵素の放出を生じる。いくつかの研究により、SMIアッセイが医薬製剤及び医薬成分の局所忍容性を評価するのに有用なツールであることが示されている(Adriaens et al., 1999、Adriaens et al., 2001、Callens et al., 2001、Ceulemans et al., 2001、Adriaens et al., 2003、Dhondt et al., 2004、Weyenberg et al., 2004、Dhondt et al., 2005)。刺激(粘液産生)と組織損傷(タンパク質及び酵素の放出)とを区別する分類予測モデルが開発されている(Adriaens et al., 2004)。
このアッセイの目的は、以下に詳述される試験品の刺激可能性を評価することである。パラメーター(粘液産生)について得られた客観的な値を使用して、4つに大別されるカテゴリー(非刺激、軽度刺激、中程度刺激及び重度刺激)で構成される予測モデルを用い、試験品の刺激可能性を推定することができる。
化合物A:EVA40(70%)、Eudragit L(30%)
化合物B:EVA40(75%)、Eudragit L(20%)、乳酸(5%)
化合物C:Lacta Gynecogel(商標)−MedGenix(ウェヴェルヘム、ベルギー)
ネガティブコントロール固体:ドラム乾燥ワクシートウモロコシ澱粉(DDMW)
ポジティブコントロール固体:DDWM(80%)、ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム(20%)
ネガティブコントロール半固体:ヒドロキシエチルセルロースゲル(5%)、グリセロール(2%)(HECゲル)
ポジティブコントロール半固体:ヒドロキシエチルセルロースゲル(5%)、グリセロール(2%)、Nonoxynol−9(4%)(HEC/N−9ゲル)
ナメクジ(アリオン・ルシタニクス)、1治療群当たりナメクジ5匹。ゲント及びアールター(ベルギー)沿いの地域庭園で採取したアリオン・ルシタニクスの親ナメクジを、研究所の馴化部屋(18〜20℃)で繁殖させた。ナメクジをプラスチック容器で飼育し、レタス、キュウリ、ニンジン及び市販のドッグフードを与えた。
単回試験を行った。処理時間は30分であった。継続して5日間に亘り1日1回。
ナメクジの準備:
重量3〜6gのナメクジを、実験開始の2日前に培養から分離した。肉眼で見える傷害の兆候について、体壁を注意深く検査した。傷害の兆候のない、明確な粒状鱗(tubercles)と足表面とを有するナメクジのみを試験目的に使用した。PBSで湿らせたペーパータオルを敷いたプラスチックボックスにナメクジを置き、18〜20℃で維持した。毎日、マイクロピペットを使用してPBSでナメクジの体壁を濡らした。
継続して5日間に亘り、毎日、30分間(接触期間)に亘って、20mg(固体)又は100mg(半固体)の試験品上に1処理群当たり5匹のナメクジを置き、試験品、ネガティブコントロール及びポジティブコントロールの刺激可能性及び組織損傷可能性を評価した。各30分間の接触期間の後、次の接触期間まで、PBS2mlで湿らせたメンブレンフィルターを含む新しいペトリ皿にナメクジを移した。接触期間の後、粘液産生を計測した。
粘液産生
各30分の接触期間の前と後に試験品を含むペトリ皿を計量することにより、各接触期間中に産生された粘液量を計測した。粘液産生は、体重%として表された。各30分の接触期間の前と後にナメクジを計量する。
SMIアッセイのエンドポイントに基づき、表3に示される分類予測モデルを使用して、規定される試験品の刺激可能性を推定した。
試験が有効と見なされ得るには、以下の基準を満たさなければならない:
固体ネガティブコントロール(DDWM)は、非刺激性と分類される(総粘液産生<7%)。
固体ポジティブコントロール品(DDWM/SLS 80/20)は、重度刺激性と分類される(総粘液産生>20%)。
半固体ネガティブコントロール(HEC−ゲル)は、非刺激性と分類される(総粘液産生<15%)。
半固体ポジティブコントロール(HEC/N−9ゲル)は、重度刺激性と分類される(総粘液産生>25%)。
継続して5日間に亘り、粘液産生%及びナメクジ死亡数を測定し(表4)、また5日間の実験の終了時に、ナメクジ死亡数と共に平均総粘液産生(MP)を算出した(図1)。
(2)平均±SD、n=5
MP:産生された粘液
%bw=体重%
DDWM:ドラム乾燥ワクシートウモロコシ澱粉
NC:ネガティブコントロール
SLS:ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム
HEC gel=グリセロール2%を含むヒドロキシエチルセルロースゲル5%
HEC/N-9 gel=グリセロール2%及びNonoxynol−9 4%を含むヒドロキシエチルセルロースゲル5%
固体製剤A及び固体製剤Bは、ナメクジにおいて副次反応を誘導したのみであり、それらは固体ネガティブコントロールよりもより良好な忍容性を示した。市販の膣用乳酸クリームLacta Gynecogel(商標)の反応は、より一層顕著であり、結果的に中程度刺激性と分類された。
この実施例において、EVA40/Eudragit Lと乳酸とを含む更に2種の組成物を試験し、実施例3において使用された75/20/5組成物と比較した。研究概要、コントロール品、試験系等は実施例3の記載と同様であった。
継続して5日間に亘り、粘液産生%及びナメクジ死亡数を測定し(表5)、また5日間の実験の終了時に、ナメクジ死亡数と共に平均総粘液産生(MP)を算出した(図2)。
化合物A:EVA40(75%)、Eudragit L(20%)、乳酸(5%)
化合物B:EVA40(72.5%)、Eudragit L(20%)、乳酸(7.5%)
化合物C:EVA40(70%)、Eudragit L(20%)、乳酸(10%)
(2)平均±SD
MP:産生された粘液
%bw=体重%
DDWM:ドラム乾燥ワクシートウモロコシ澱粉
NC:ネガティブコントロール
PC:ポジティブコントロール
製剤A及び製剤Bは、ナメクジにおいて副次反応を誘導したのみであり、それらは固体ネガティブコントロールよりも良好な忍容性を示した。乳酸10%を含有する製剤Cは、製剤A及び製剤Bよりも高い粘液産生を誘導したが、それでもなお軽度の刺激を生じるに過ぎないものと分類された。
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Claims (16)
- 1つ又は複数の有機酸の徐放用膣内送達システムであって、1つ又は複数のエチレン酢酸ビニル(EVA)コポリマーと1つ又は複数のメタクリル酸コポリマー若しくはセルロースアセテートフタレート(CAP)との組み合わせを含むことを特徴とする、システム。
- 前記1つ又は複数のEVAコポリマーが、酢酸ビニル約25〜40%、又は酢酸ビニル約40%を含む、エチレン及び酢酸ビニルのコポリマーである、請求項1に記載の膣内送達システム。
- 1つ若しくは複数のEVAポリマー又はEVA40若しくはEVA28と、1つ若しくは複数のメタクリル酸コポリマー又はメタクリル酸−メタクリル酸エステルコポリマー、又は1つ又は複数のセルロースアセテートフタレートとの組み合わせを含む、請求項1〜2のいずれか1項に記載の膣内送達システム。
- 前記1つ又は複数の有機酸が、乳酸、ポリ乳酸、グリコール酸、ポリグリコール酸、アスコルビン酸、葉酸、p−アミノ安息香酸、アルギン酸、ソルビン酸、酒石酸、酢酸、ギ酸、クエン酸、シュウ酸、尿酸、エデト酸、アジピン酸、コハク酸、グルタミン酸、及びそれらの混合物からなる群より選択されるか、又は乳酸及びポリ乳酸より選択される、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の膣内送達システム。
- 前記1つ又は複数の有機酸を約1〜20重量%を含む、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の膣内送達システム。
- 1つ又は複数のEVAポリマー約65〜80重量%と、1つ又は複数のメタクリル酸コポリマー若しくはセルロースアセテートフタレート(CAP)の約10〜50重量%を含む、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の膣内送達システム。
- 乳酸の約1〜20重量%と、EVAの約65〜80重量%と、1つ又は複数のメタクリル酸コポリマー若しくはセルロースアセテートフタレート(CAP)の約10〜50重量%とを含む、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の膣内送達システム。
- 乳酸若しくはポリ乳酸の約5〜10重量%と、1つ又は複数のEVAの約70〜75重量%と、メタクリル酸コポリマーLの約20重量%とを含む、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の膣内送達システム。
- 酢酸の約5〜10重量%と、1つ又は複数のEVA約の70〜75重量%と、1つ又は複数のセルロースアセテートフタレート(CAP)の約20重量%とを含む、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の膣内送達システム。
- 前記膣内送達システムが、押出、共押出若しくは射出成形、又はそれらの組み合わせによって製造される、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の膣内送達システム。
- 前記膣内送達システムが、環状、リング状、楕円、螺旋、長円、又はドーナツ型の形状をもつ、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の膣内送達システム。
- 1つ又は複数の薬学的に活性な成分を更に含む、請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の膣内送達システム。
- 医薬として使用される請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の膣内送達システム。
- 1つ又は複数の有機酸の制御された膣内送達に使用される請求項1〜10のいずれか1項に記載の膣内送達システム。
- 膣感染症又は膣細菌感染症又は再発性膣炎の予防及び/又は治療に使用される請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の膣内送達システム。
- 膣感染症又は膣細菌感染症又は再発性膣炎の予防及び/又は治療に使用される、1つ又は複数の追加の活性剤の投与と組み合わされた請求項1〜11のいずれか1項に記載の膣内送達システム。
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