JP6007252B2 - Equipment for extracting and removing defects in metal wires - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for extracting and removing defects in metal wires, preferably steel wires, during or after wire drawing. The device can be implemented as an addition to an existing wire drawing bench or placed on a wire winder that detects scratches, weaknesses, or other wire abnormalities during rewinding . A method for operating and adjusting the apparatus is also provided.

Metal wires and more specifically high strength (greater than 2500 N / mm ² ) fine gauge (thinner than 0.30 mm) steel wires are increasingly used in all types of applications. Its use is no longer limited to steel cords for reinforcement of truck tires, for example, where the steel wire provides its rigidity to the tire belt or its strength to the tire carcass. High-strength fine gauge wires are also hard brittle for mechanical applications such as steel cords that reinforce belts used to lift elevator carts, reinforcing synchronous belts, and even as sawing wires It has also found use in sawing materials.

  There are special problems in producing steel wires with high strength and fine gauge. Low-strength fine gauge wires (such as for making crane ropes) are much more tolerant of raw material scratches. For example, the effect of non-deformable inclusions present in the wire rod is less for thick low strength wires than for thin high strength wires. This is because the region occupied by inclusions that do not deform with respect to the entire cross section of the wire is less likely to be thicker low strength wires than thin high strength wires. While such inclusions can cause manufacturing losses due to wire breakage in the wire drawing process, they can have a greater impact if the wire breakage passes undetected and is present in the final product. There is. As the wire ends begin to come out of the belt, broken wires in the elevator belt can result in premature life of a belt having that wire, for example. In a wire saw, unexpected breakage of the wire leads to a complete stop of the process and loss of valuable time and material.

  Therefore, applicant's motto is “to keep the break in-house”, that is, the weakness of the wire is being produced during or during the manufacture of the wire so that the customer or end-user will not face loss or safety issues. It is better to be detected and removed immediately.

  Systems that detect internal or surface flaws in the wire (most of them based on magnetic induction measurements) are available, but these systems only mark if there is a problem and do not remove it. Removal is best performed by extracting and removing all weak points due to breakage at that point. This can be done by presenting the wire to a minimum test tension over a test length by running the entire length continuously through the test device. Any break that occurs during the test is then a break that is free from the customer or end user.

  An apparatus is described in which the wire is continuously subjected to an “online tensile test” immediately after drawing. For example, with reference to US Pat. No. 6,057,059, the wire is guided across two pulleys, one fixed and one movable, similar to a block-and-tackle system. A self-actuating system, pneumatic operating system, or hydraulic operating system loads the movable pulley, resulting in tensile stress on the wire. The level of tensile stress applied is between the tension applied to the wire during use (this is the tension applied to the wire by the saw as it relates to a sawing wire) and up to about 70% of the breaking load of the wire.

  An alternative use of the same mechanical principle is described in US Pat. It is claimed that the tensile residual stress of the wire can be reduced by increasing the force level to 40-90% of the breaking load of the wire.

  The problem with this type of pulley system is that they require space behind the drawing machine or wire rewinder. Also, a tension control system that controls the amount of tension takes up more space than desired. Accordingly, the inventors sought a solution that could be easily incorporated on existing draw benches and / or winders and that was easy to control tension and occupy less area.

JP 2000-167618 A JP 2007-118067 A

  The main objective of the present invention is to extract and remove defects in the drawn metal wire, preferably steel wire, by generating a fracture at the defect so that the defect does not reach the customer or end user. It is to provide an apparatus for performing. A further object is to provide a device that is small and can be easily integrated on existing wire draw benches and / or winders. Another object is to have a system that is simple to control. The final object of the present invention is to provide a method of operating the device.

  According to a first aspect of the invention, an apparatus is claimed. The device includes two capstans. A “capstan” for this application is a pulley with a flat surface, considering a cylinder, either completely or in order to transfer force to the wire running on it by friction between the wire and the surface. A partial wire loop is wound. The flat surface of the capstan defines a constant diameter. Capstans can rotate on the axis on which they are fixedly or rotatably mounted. “Fixed” means that relative rotation is not possible between the shaft and the capstan, and “rotatable” means that relative rotation is possible between the capstan and the shaft. means.

  The apparatus includes a first capstan attached to the first shaft and having a first capstan diameter D1, and a second capstan attached to the second shaft and having a second capstan diameter D2. The terms “first” and “second” refer to “first capstan” as the wire is in use, possibly on pulleys, pulleys and other devices, until the second capstan where the wire leaves the device. It suggests that the order should mean that the wire must be the first capstan to reach before moving further. The shaft itself is rotatable and can be driven or non-driven. Driven drives have a rotational motive force (ie torque) applied from a frame of reference to the shaft (eg, by direct drive motor, belt, worm-worm gear, gearbox, or any other type of torque transmission). Means that. Non-driven means that the shaft can always rotate freely with respect to the reference system, for example because the shaft is mounted on a bearing.

  In use, the axis rotates at the angular velocity of W1 (expressed in “radius per second”) and the second axis at the second angular velocity W2 (in the case of an undriven shaft). Or rotated (in the case of a driven shaft). The angular velocity and diameter are such that in the absence of wire, the peripheral speed of the second capstan is greater than the peripheral speed of the first capstan, or D2 × W2 / 2 is greater than D1 × W1 / 2, and therefore It is selected so that D2 × W2 is larger than D1 × W1. The angular velocities can be set separately for the axes, for example, both axes are driven by separate motors having defined angular velocities W1 and W2. More preferably, the angular velocities of both axes are connected to each other with a fixed gear ratio of W1: W2. Then, if the first axis is driven at angular velocity W1, the second axis rotates at angular velocity W2, and vice versa. A particular preferred embodiment is when none of the shafts is driven, but both shafts are connected to each other with a fixed gear ratio W1: W2. In this way, the device can be introduced into an existing wire path as a stand-alone unit driven by a wire being pulled through it.

Filtering device, wherein either the first capstan is fixedly attached to the first shaft, or while the second capstan Ru is fixedly attached to the second shaft, said second capstan is through the torque generating joint Characterized by being connected to the first capstan .

  The operating principle of the device is as follows: When a wire enters the device, it is held on the first capstan by a wire loop wound around it. The wire is held with sufficient tension so that no slip occurs between the wire and the first capstan (see further). The wire is then guided to a second capstan whose peripheral speed (W2 × D2 / 2) is at least greater than the peripheral speed (W1 × D1 / 2) of the first capstan. Again, enough loops are wrapped around the second capstan to prevent slippage.

If, if the connection between the second shaft and the second capstan has Tsu rigidity der, wire applied elongation ((W2 × D2 / W1 × D1) -1) ε fixed is brought Tadea Let's go . This extension, when optimally greater than elongation in the elongation at break A _t of the wire, the wire would have easily damaged. Elongation at break A _t is generally not so large, so usually a less than 3% in the steel wire type envisaged, very strict control of the ratio W2 × D2 / W1 × D1 is needed.

  Also, when applying fixed stretch, the application is purely friction-based, and this friction varies depending on wire properties, capstan surface-to-surface conditions, and even environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity. There is a problem that there is a possibility. Cooling of the wire on the capstan, for example, leads to heat shrinkage that is applied to the applied extension of the capstan. This is because, for example, the friction is stable (the wire is immersed in a fluid lubricant, the capstan is cooled and at a constant temperature) and stretch is imposed by a drawing die. Contrary to what happens in a wet wire drawing machine.

The inventors surprisingly introduced a torque generating joint between the first capstan and the second capstan to control the sensitivity to friction and the elongation applied by the ratio W2 × D2 / W1 × D1. I found that the need was greatly eliminated. The presence of this joint includes a constant force for wire movement from the first capstan to the second capstan and no longer imposes a constant elongation on the wire. Moreover, simple adjustment of the torque generating device, it possible to apply any tension equal to greater than _{F fixed} less than or 0 to _{wire, F fixed} equals AEipushiron _fixed, wherein, A is cross sectional area And E is the coefficient of the wire.

Further adding, the ratio (W2 × D2 / W1 × D1 ) -1 may be chosen substantially higher than the total elongation _{A t} of the wire. By keeping the torque generated by the joint below the torque of the fixed joint, there is no risk that the wire will be stretched too high.

  Due to the presence of the torque generating device, the linear velocity of the wire on the second capstan is higher than the linear velocity of the first capstan. This difference is determined by the ratio W2 × D2 / W1 × D1. The linear velocity V2 of the wire on the second capstan is only slightly higher than the linear velocity V1 of the wire on the first capstan. The ratio of the linear velocities V2 / V1 is equal to stretching + 1 (ε + 1), where stretching is a result of wire tension. Therefore, the second linear velocity is greater than the first linear velocity regardless of whether a wire is present during use.

The torque generating joint can be placed at various locations along the path of force formed by the shaft, belt or gear that mechanically connects the first capstan to the second capstan. This force path is balanced with the force path formed by the wire during use. Suitable locations for the torque generating joint are as follows:
A torque generating joint is arranged between the second shaft and the second capstan;
A torque generating joint is arranged between the first shaft and the first capstan;
A torque generating joint is arranged between the first shaft and the second shaft; or
A torque generating joint is disposed between the first capstan and the second capstan.

  By reference, the torque generating joint is adjustable. The adjustment can be in individual steps or can be continuous.

  A possible torque generating joint is a simple friction joint, in which a friction body (eg a brake pad in the form of a ring) is pressed against the brake disc with a vertical controlled force. The problem here is the difficulty of controlling braking pad wear, heat generated, and torque generated. Another torque generating joint is a powder joint where torque is transmitted in powder, usually metal powder, between disks pressed together with a controlled vertical force. When the powder is a ferromagnetic material, the apparent viscosity of the powder can be controlled by a magnetic field from an electromagnetic coil (electromagnetic powder joint), for example. A fluid coupling can also be used, and the fluid between several pairs of disks (eg, even disks connected to the capstan, odd disks connected to the second axis) transmits torque. This can either be due to changes in viscosity (viscous fluid coupling) or due to changes in momentum due to the impeller-runner turbine combination.

  However, the most suitable joint is a magnetic joint. In magnetic couplings, alternating pole permanent magnet rings, which are current high performance magnets such as neodymium-iron-based or samarium-cobalt-based magnets fixed to the shaft, are accommodated by the gap. Separated from the ring of alternating polarity magnets fixed in the capstan drive hole. When torque acts on either the shaft or the capstan, this torque is transmitted to the capstan and the shaft respectively by the magnetic field. The number of magnets determines the smoothness of transmission (the more magnets, the smoother). Since the magnetic field strength of the permanent magnet decreases rapidly with distance, the amount of torque transmitted depends on the width of the gap. Therefore, adjustment of the torque generated is achieved by simple adjustment of the gap. Therefore, normal force control is not required to make the magnetic joint the most suitable joint. There may be a vacuum, or air, or fluid, or a separation disk or bushing in the gap.

  There are basically two designs: an axial design, where the magnetic field lines run parallel to the axis of rotation (in which case the magnet is placed on the disk), or there is a radial design, Magnetic field lines run in the radial direction. In that case, one of the magnet rings is mounted in the other. It is most preferred because the radial design allows easy attachment of the joint between the shaft and the capstan.

  The axes are preferably arranged in planes parallel to each other. More preferred is when the axes are parallel to each other. Alternatively or additionally, it is preferred if the shaft and capstan are organized such that the wire reaching and leaving the capstan is in a plane perpendicular to the axis. If the axes are parallel, this suggests that both capstans are located in the same plane if a deflector (such as a pulley or roller) is not present in the wire path. Thereby, since the gear can be disposed between the axes in the plane parallel to the plane of the capstan, the fixed gear device between the two axes becomes easier. Also, the shaft can be coaxial, i.e. one shaft is inside the other shaft and the other shaft takes the form of a hollow shaft.

  The most preferred embodiment is when the first and second axes merge and are identical, i.e., there is only one axis. The first advantage is of course that the shaft is omitted. A second advantage is that the gear ratio W1: W2 is automatically fixed at 1: 1. A third advantage is that space is saved. A fourth advantage is that in this way it is possible to retrofit existing machines that already have capstans, such as wire draw benches and / or wire winders, with a filtering device. This single axis can be driven or undriven. The driven shaft can be, for example, the drive shaft of a wire draw capstan or winder capstan. A particularly preferred embodiment is when this single axis is undriven. The device can then be introduced into the wire path as a standalone unit. The device is then driven by the wire being pulled through it and still functions as a defect filter.

  To guide the wire from the first capstan to the second capstan in this single axis embodiment, one or more reversing rollers can be introduced into the wire path. One reversing roller is sufficient in principle. A wire is guided from the first capstan to the second capstan on the reversing roller. The reversing roller is preferably introduced so that no reverse bending is induced in the wire. Thus, when following a wire on that path, the bend is always in the same direction. Reverse bending can introduce twist in the wire.

  Further tension control can be introduced by braking or driving the reversing roller. When the reversing roller is driven at a linear velocity greater than W1 × D1 / 2, the wire is more taut between the first capstan and the reversing roller, and the tension between the reversing roller and the second capstan is reduced. . Alternatively, the reversing roller can be braked, in which case the tension between the reversing roller and the second capstan increases while the tension between the first capstan and the reversing roller decreases.

  A good alternative embodiment is where there are two rollers. The first roller is associated with the first capstan and the second roller is associated with the second capstan. Both rollers can rotate independently of each other. The function of the roller is to prevent its subsequent loops on the capstan from interfering with each other. By placing the wire loop over the roller and associated capstan, subsequent loops on a single capstan spread and do not interfere with each other during travel. This spread can be further affected by placing the reversing roller axis at a small angle relative to a single axis (but both are still in the same plane).

  In a further preferred embodiment, a straightening device is introduced into the wire path of the apparatus. A straightening device, or “straightener”, is a series of grooved rollers that are substantially in a single plane, and repeated reverse bending in that plane induces the desired residual stress on the wire. The purpose of using straighteners can vary: they are to provide a certain deflection in the wire (the deflection is the overall curvature introduced by the wire when freely suspended) Or, conversely, can be introduced to straighten the wire. They can also be used to affect the residual internal stress on the wire. It is known that compressive stress at the surface improves, for example, the fatigue resistance of the wire. In that regard, see US Pat. No. 4,612,792. Another application is to induce twist on the wire or even the cord by placing a fluted roller slightly above or below the reference plane. Straighteners are usually combined: different strainers are placed in series with an angle between the reference planes (eg, vertical), while the wires are substantially aligned along the intersection of these planes.

  The function of the straightener is complicated and complex. However, an important parameter for proper functioning of the straightener is that the tension of the wire running through it must be constant and preferably controllable. This is achieved with the apparatus described. By placing the straightener in the wire path between the first capstan and the second capstan, its function is greatly improved and less prone to change.

The wire path can be divided into a plurality of areas. There is an entry area that is a wire loop on the first capstan that may be stretched over the reversing roller (if any). The wire in the “entry zone” enters with the wire entry tension T ₁ (ie, the tension before the capstan) and the tension rises to the tension T _{2 in the} “tension zone”. The “tensile zone” is where the wire can leave the first capstan and reach the second capstan, thereby passing the reversing roller. In the “tension zone”, the tension is the tension induced by the torque generating joint and is controlled. Finally, the wire exits through the “exit area” loop. In the “exit area”, the wire enters with a tension T ₂ and exits with an exit tension T ₃ which may be higher than T ₂ but preferably lower. The exit area begins when a wire that may be stretched on the reversing roller enters the second capstan and exits from the capstan.

Straighteners can be placed in the entry area, tension area, or exit area. Since the tension is stable and controllable there, the straightener is preferably arranged in the tension zone. Within the entry area, the tension can vary between T ₁ and T ₂ and is determined by the position of the loop and the friction of the wire against the capstan. Loop proximate the end of the entry zone closer to T _2, loop at the beginning of the entrance zone has a tension close to T _1. The same thing happens in the exit area, what should be changed. Tension can vary between T ₂ and T ₃ according to the friction of the wire with respect to the position and the capstan loop.

  If the straightener is located in the tension zone, it may be necessary to add a reversing roller to easily route the wire through the straightener.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, a wire draw bench including the aforementioned filtering device is provided. Such a wire draw bench can be a dry draw bench (which utilizes powdered soap to lubricate the wire when pulled through a dredger wheel) or a die (within a die holder). Can be a wet draw bench). In both cases, a sufficient amount of friction is important for the correct functioning of the device, so the filtering device is the last drooper (for this application, the “last dredger” is the die with the smallest diameter). (Synonymous is “head die”) and outside the lubrication.

  A particularly preferred embodiment is where the first capstan corresponds to a draw capstan following the last die or head capstan that pulls the wire at the final pivot diameter through the last die or head die. The first axis then corresponds to the axis of the head capstan. The second capstan may be mounted on a second shaft rotating at a fixed gear ratio with respect to the first shaft. Or even more preferably, the second capstan is also mounted on the axis of the first capstan, which is the axis of the head capstan.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, a winder comprising a filter device according to the first aspect of the present invention is claimed. Winders generally have a pay-off section (which feeds the wire) and a winding unit (which winds the wire on the carrier). The filter device can be easily incorporated into existing winders. In particularly preferred embodiments, no drive is required to operate the device. The capstan is made to rotate with the wire being pulled. Of course, the final winding unit must be able to supply enough power to rotate the capstan and overcome the torque generated by the torque generating joint.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a method is described for extracting and removing defects from a steel wire by using the apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention. First, the wire under test, for example at a tension T _1, (from the supply spool, the drawbench or any other device known in the production or processing of the wire) is supplied to the apparatus. The wire is hung around the first capstan in a first loop or loops. When the wire returns to its starting point on the capstan, one loop is complete. If there is a straightener in the wire path, the wire can be guided through the straightener. The wire then follows its path by placing it on the second capstan in a second one or more loops. Wire is withdrawn from the second capstan at a tension T _3. Within the first capstan and a second capstan between the wire paths ( "tension areas"), the wire is under tension T _2. This is the “test tension” and its value can be adjusted simply by adjusting the torque generating joint.

  This test level is slightly higher after the wire has passed through the straightener than before entering the straightener, as some force is required to pull through the wire if a straightener device is present. Anyway, such deviation is quite small.

  Various results can be achieved depending on the test tension level induced on the wire. If the test tension is greater than the wire tension applied to the wire during its further use, the wire is filtered from the defect to a degree sufficient for its use, ie, the first advantageous use. An example is 25N tension applied to a sawing wire in a multi-wire saw. Setting the test tension to 30 N already results in substantial defect filtering. For example, the test tension can be set to 20% or 30% or even greater than 40% of the breaking load of the wire. As long as the wire stays within its elastic range of up to about 70% of their breaking load, up to about 70% for most wires, up to 80% for some wires, and up to 90% for high tension wires Apart from that, no special changes are induced on the wire.

  A second advantageous use is that in addition to the filtering effect, the test tension is greater than the plastic range of the wire (ie greater than 70% for most wires, greater than 80% for some wires, and greater than 90% for special wires). Can be triggered and wire changes can be triggered. For example, wire deflection may be corrected. Another advantageous use is to change the residual internal stress of the wire. When combined with a straightener, this bending effect or residual internal stress effect is reduced because the straightener can lift the section of the wire cross-section and make it plastic by applying bending stress to the imposed tensile stress. It can be achieved more easily.

Important for the correct operation or method of the device is that the number of the first one or more loops and the number of the second one or more loops are between the wire and the first capstan during use. And it should be sufficient so that no slip occurs between the wire and the second capstan. Slip on the capstan, in general, is modeled by friction Euler's formula: If the exit tension of the capstan T _out is held greater than ^T _{in ·} e -μθ, where, T _in the wire Is the tension at which the capstan enters, μ is the angular coefficient of friction (power root- ¹ ), θ is the total contact angle (power root, one loop corresponds to 2π, “contact” is There is no slippage between the wire and the capstan. By applying this criterion _{(T 2} for _{T 1)} and the first capstan _{(T 3} for _{T 2)} the second capstan, results in the number of loops required. In principle, since the exit tension is usually lowest, the number of the second one or more loops is greater than the number of the first one or more loops.

  Since the coefficient of friction “μ” should be sufficiently high, the use of lubricants (lubricants, oils, waxes, etc.) on the capstan must be avoided in any way.

  The first one or more loops may be split between the first capstan and the at least one reversing roller. The first one or more loop numbers must then be accommodated simultaneously as the contact angle between the wire and the capstan then decreases. Alternatively or simultaneously, the second one or more loops may be split between the second capstan and the at least one reversing roller. The second one or more loop numbers must be adapted accordingly.

The method of using the aforementioned device is as follows:
Supplying a metal wire, such as a steel wire, to be tested;
Applying the wire around a first capstan in a first loop or loops;
The step of optionally leading the wire through a straightener;
Applying the wire around the second capstan in a second loop or loops;
Withdrawing the wire from the device, the method comprising:
A method wherein the torque generating joint is adjusted such that a constant test tension is induced on the wire as it travels from the first capstan to the second capstan.

  The method can be further complemented by the feature that the torque generating device is adjusted to a torque that induces a test tension of at least 20 percent of the breaking load of the wire.

  The number of the first one or more loops and the number of the second one or more loops do not slip between the wire and the first capstan and between the wire and the second capstan. The two methods above are sufficient.

  The first shaft and the second shaft are further combined with the further feature that the first one or more loops are shared between the first capstan and the at least one reversing roller. And using the apparatus in which the second one or more loops are shared between the at least one reversing roller and the second capstan.

  A partially preferred method is when the capstan is driven by the wire being pulled.

1 is a diagram of a prior art head capstan for a wire draw machine. FIG. 1 is a diagram of a first preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram of a second preferred embodiment of the present invention including a straightener. FIG. 6 is a diagram of a third preferred embodiment of the present invention with different attachments for torque generating joints. It is a figure of the working principle of this invention.

  FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a head capstan on a wire draw bench 100. The wire 102 exiting the head die 104 is guided into a loop on the head capstan 106 and the reverse roller 108. The head capstan is fixedly mounted on the driven shaft 124. Further, the reverse roller 108 may have other functions such as a length counter wheel. After several loops, the wire leaves the machine on the pulley 110. The number of loops is sufficient to overcome the force required to pull the wire through the head die.

FIG. 5 shows an apparatus 500 in an embodiment with two axes. Wire 518 enters the device on first capstan 504. Wire 518 is looped around the first capstan in a first loop or loops. The first capstan 504 is fixedly connected to the first shaft 502. The first capstan 504 has a diameter equal D1 to 2 × _{R 1.} In this example, the first shaft 502 is driven. Wire 518 follows its path up to second capstan 508. Again, the wire runs over the capstan in a second one or more loops. The second capstan 508 has a diameter equal D2 to 2 × _{R 1.}

  The second shaft 506 to which the second capstan 508 is coupled is driven by a gear 516 to which the shaft 506 is fixedly connected. The gear 516 meshes with a reversing wheel 512 that meshes with the shaft 502 and thus with the gear 514 that is also fixedly connected to the capstan 504. The reversing wheel 512 is introduced so that both capstans rotate in the same direction. Should the gears 514 and 516 mesh directly (no reversing wheel), looping will result in unwanted wire breakage.

The number of teeth on the second gear 516 is less than the number of teeth on the first gear 514, thereby making the angular velocity W2 of the second shaft larger than the angular velocity W1 of the first shaft. Therefore, even if D1 is equal to D2, it is considered that the condition that W1 × D1 is smaller than W2 × D2 is still satisfied. In this embodiment, R ₁ is by being somewhat less selective than deliberately R _2, the ratio W2 × D2 / W1 × D1, can be increased above the elongation at break A _t of the wire 518 under test There is sex.

The connection of the first capstan 504 to the second capstan 508 is via a torque generating joint 510 which is a friction disk joint, for example. In the present embodiment, the joint is disposed between the second capstan and the second shaft. The joint can be adjusted by increasing the vertical friction force. Elongation of the wire that spans from a first capstan to the second capstan is exposed to a controllable test tension T ₂ by fitting. Any defect in the wire having a low local braking load than T ₂ is removed. The test tension can be measured, for example, with a wire tension meter (eg Hans-Schmidt). When measured for different tensions, friction joint adjustment can be used to set the test tension.

The second one or more loop numbers n ₂ are selected such that no slip occurs, ie T ₃ (exit tension) is greater than T ₂ × exp (−μ · n ₂ · 2π). Similarly, the first one or more loop number n ₁ has no slip on the first capstan, ie T ₂ (exit tension) is greater than T ₁ × exp (−μ · n ₁ · 2π) Selected as T ₁ is the tension of the wire when entering.

  FIG. 2 shows a more practical embodiment of a filtering device 200 implemented on an existing wire draw bench. A first capstan 206, which is also a head capstan following the head die 204, is fixedly mounted on a drive shaft 224 driven by a draw bench motor. The first loop or loops of wire 202 are looped over the reverse roller 208 in four loops shared between the capstan 206 and the reverse roller 208. In the fifth loop, the wire moves to a second capstan 212 that is mounted on the same drive shaft 224. The second capstan is attached to the shaft 224 with a bearing 230 in between. Thus, since there is only one axis, W1 is equal to W2. From there, the wire is split on the second capstan 212 and the second reversing roller 208 'for about 12 loops. The second reversing roller 208 ′ rotates independently from the first reversing roller 208. In this case, the second capstan 212 is connected to the first capstan via a torque generating joint 214, which is an easily adjustable radial magnetic joint provided with an indicator scale so that the torque level can be reliably set. 206. In this embodiment, the torque generating device is disposed between a second shaft that is the same as the first shaft and the second capstan.

  In the further embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the embodiment of FIG. 2 comprises a straightener device 318 that resides in the tension area of the wire path, ie where the wire moves from the first capstan to the second capstan. Has been completed. In the figure, similar parts are identified with similar units and 10 numbers. An additional reversing roller 316 is introduced to allow the straightener 318 to be conveniently installed. The wire 312 passing through the straightener is maintained at a constant test tension. In addition, straightener reverse bending iterations induce additional bending stresses on the wire, which further assists in extracting and removing defect points on the wire.

  In FIG. 4 an alternative arrangement of torque generating joints is shown. The device is again a single axis device, and both the first capstan 406 and the second capstan 412 share the same axis 424. Here, the second capstan 412 is fixedly connected to the shaft 424, while the first capstan 406 is rotationally connected to the shaft 424 by a bearing 430. In this embodiment, the torque generating joint 414 is disposed between the first capstan and the second capstan.

In various embodiments described, capstan still can not by driving the first axis, driven by a wire being drawn from the second capstan at a tension T _3. In fact, if sufficient loop is present on the second capstan, the tension T ₃ for driving the device is lower than the test tension T ₂ induced are set by a magnetic coupling 214,314,414, wire Prevent slipping. The higher the torque generating joint is set, the higher T ₂ and the more loops must be around the second capstan 412. In particular, the embodiment according to FIG. 4 is suitable for use as a stand-alone device in that the motive force enters through the second capstan and is transmitted to the first capstan by the torque generating joint. Yes.

Claims (14)

An apparatus for extracting and removing defects in metal wires,
A first capstan mounted on the first shaft;
A second capstan mounted on the second shaft;
And the outer peripheral speed of the second capstan is larger than the outer peripheral speed of the first capstan during use.
The first capstan is fixedly attached to the first shaft and / or the second capstan is fixedly attached to the second shaft, while the second capstan is connected to the first shaft via a torque generating joint. Connected to the first capstan ,
The torque generating joint is one of the group comprising a friction based joint, a powder joint, a magnetic joint, a fluid joint, and a hydraulic joint .   The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the torque generating joint is disposed between the second shaft and the second capstan or between the first shaft and the first capstan.   The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the torque generating joint is disposed between the first shaft and the second shaft.   The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the torque generating joint is disposed between the first capstan and the second capstan.   The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the torque generated by the torque generating joint is adjustable. The first axis is parallel to the second axis, The apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the first axis and the second axis are coaxial. The first axis and the second axis are the same, the diameter D2 of the second capstan is larger than the diameter D1 of the first capstan, and the device moves the wire away from the first capstan. 8. The apparatus of claim 7 , further comprising one or more reversing rollers that guide to the second capstan. Said one reversing roller is the or brake is driven to control the tension level on the wire between the first capstan in use the one reversing roller of claim 8 apparatus. The one reverse roller is related to the first capstan, the second reverse roller is related to the second capstan, and the first reverse roller and the second reverse roller rotate independently of each other. 10. An apparatus according to claim 8 or claim 9 , which is possible. Further comprising a straightening device mounted in the wire path of the device, device according to any one of claims 1-10. The apparatus of claim 11 , wherein the straightening device is mounted in the wire path from the first capstan to the second capstan. 13. A wire draw machine comprising the apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 12 , wherein the first capstan is a draw capstan following a last die on the wire draw machine. 13. A winder comprising the apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 12 , wherein the first and second capstans are drivable by a pulled wire.

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