JP5995289B2 - 水切れアラーム - Google Patents
水切れアラーム Download PDFInfo
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- JP5995289B2 JP5995289B2 JP2013507902A JP2013507902A JP5995289B2 JP 5995289 B2 JP5995289 B2 JP 5995289B2 JP 2013507902 A JP2013507902 A JP 2013507902A JP 2013507902 A JP2013507902 A JP 2013507902A JP 5995289 B2 JP5995289 B2 JP 5995289B2
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- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
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- A61M16/16—Devices to humidify the respiration air
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
- H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
- H05B1/0227—Applications
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- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/08—Bellows; Connecting tubes ; Water traps; Patient circuits
- A61M16/0816—Joints or connectors
- A61M16/0841—Joints or connectors for sampling
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- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
- A61M16/14—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different fluids, one of them being in a liquid phase
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- A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
- A61M2016/0015—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure inhalation detectors
- A61M2016/0018—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure inhalation detectors electrical
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- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
- A61M2016/003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter
- A61M2016/0033—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter electrical
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- A61M2205/3379—Masses, volumes, levels of fluids in reservoirs, flow rates
Description
図2、図3、及び図4に示されるモジュール式システム及び一体型システム1、100、及び200は、システム全体を通してのポイントに配置されたセンサを有する。これらについて、人工呼吸システム1に関連して後述する。
1)ブロワケース内、その近傍、又はその上に配置され、大気からの流入空気の温度を測定するように構成又は適合される周囲温度センサ60。温度センサ60が、ファンユニット13後(下流)にガス流内に配置され、加湿チャンバへの流入口又は入口に可能な限り近くに配置されることが最も好ましい。
2)チャンバ出口ポート9に配置されるか、又は輸送管6の装置の端部(患者側端部とは逆)に配置される加湿器ユニット出口ポート温度センサ63。流出口温度センサ63は、ガス流がチャンバ5を出る際に、ガス流の温度を測定するように構成又は適合される(いずれの構成でも、出口ポート温度センサ63はチャンバ出口ポート9に近いとみなすことができる)。
上で概説した装置及び方法の変形では、システム(システム1、システム100、又はシステム200)は、以下に概説する追加のセンサも有する。
1)患者側端部温度センサ15(又は115、又は215)は、輸送管6の患者側端部(又は代替として、境界面7内又は境界面7上)に配置される。すなわち、患者若しくは輸送点又はその近傍。本明細書で読まれる場合、「患者側端部」又は「ユーザ側端部」は、輸送管(例えば、輸送管6)のユーザ側端部の近傍又は患者境界面7内若しくは患者境界面7上を意味するものと解釈されるべきである。これは、特定の位置が別段に記載される場合を除いて適用される。いずれの構成でも、患者側端部温度センサ15は、ユーザ又は患者2にあるか、又はその近傍にあるとみなすことができる。
図6を参照すると、本発明の最も好ましい実施形態では、コントローラは、装置の通常使用中、連続的にチャンバ流出口温度及びヒータ板電力の関数を評価する。コントローラは、この関数の結果が基線レベルから変化した場合、水切れ状況の可能性を特定する。好ましい関数は、センサ63(又は163、又は263)からのチャンバ流出口温度とヒータ板のデューティサイクルで表されるヒータ板電力との比率である。この比率は、
HP_duty_control(平均)=毎秒記録され、128のデータ点にわたる平均が計算されるヒータ板デューティ制御値
として表すことができる。
本発明によれば、水切れ状況の二次特定が、一次水切れ特定に応答して行われる。好ましい実施形態によれば、方法は加湿器電力入力を制御し、ヒータ板電力入力を調整し、ヒータ板の温度応答を観測する。この二次特定は、一次監視関数が水切れ状況の可能性を返す場合、水切れ状況を確認するために実施される。
Claims (14)
- ガス流を準備する装置であって、
リザーバを加熱するヒータと、
前記ヒータと熱伝導して、前記ヒータの温度を読み取る温度センサと、
第1の電力を電源から前記ヒータに与えるように適合されるコントローラと、
を含み、前記コントローラは、
前記装置の使用中、システム状況を監視することと、
前記装置の通常動作の間監視されるシステム状況のうちの少なくとも幾つかを用いて前記リザーバ内に水がない可能性を、前記装置の通常動作の間の一次特定を用いて特定することと、
前記一次特定による水がない可能性の特定に続き、一次特定とは異なる二次特定に基づき、前記リザーバ内に水がない可能性を特定し、
前記二次特定は、
前記第1の電力とは異なる第2の電力を前記ヒータに適用し、
前記温度センサを用いて前記ヒータの温度を検出し、
前記ヒータの温度を、水が無い場合に前記ヒータに前記第2の電力を与えたときに生じる温度と比較することを含み、
さらに、前記二次特定によって水がないことを特定した後、前記ヒータに供給する電力を減らす、装置。 - 前記温度センサを用いて前記ヒータの温度を検出するステップは、ヒータ板温度の上昇を特定することを含む、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記温度センサを用いて前記ヒータの温度を検出するステップは、前記ヒータ温度を閾値温度と比較することと、前記監視される温度が前記所定の閾値温度を超える水切れ状況を特定することとを含む、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記コントローラは、前記監視される温度が前記所定の閾値温度を所定の時間期間にわたって超えた場合、前記水切れ状況を特定する、請求項3に記載の装置。
- 前記電力を前記ヒータに与えるステップは、利用可能な最大電力を前記ヒータに与えることを含む、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記電力を前記ヒータに与えるステップは、所定量の電力を前記ヒータに与えることを含む、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記電力を前記ヒータに与えるステップは、水がない状態で、前記ヒータ温度を、前記ヒータ温度が前記チャンバに水がある状態で達する任意の温度を超える温度まで上昇させる量の電力を前記ヒータに与えることを含む、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記ヒータはヒータ板を備え、前記装置は、取り外し可能チャンバを前記ヒータ板に対して保持するクランプを含む、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記温度センサは前記ヒータ板に取り付けられる、請求項8に記載の装置。
- ガス流を生成するブロワと、前記ヒータ及び水リザーバを組み込んだ加湿器と、を含み、前記ブロワの流出口は前記加湿器の流入口に繋がる、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記コントローラは、前記装置の使用中、前記リザーバを出るガスの温度を監視すること、及び前記ヒータに与えられる電力を監視することを含むシステム状況を監視し、前記加湿器を出るガスの温度及び前記ヒータに与えられる電力の関数に基づいて、水切れ状況の可能性を特定する、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 前記関数は、ガス温度と前記ヒータ板の電力との比率を含む、請求項11に記載の装置。
- 前記コントローラは、前記関数の結果を所定の閾値と比較することにより、前記リザーバ内に水がない可能性を特定する、請求項11又は12に記載の装置。
- ガス流を準備する装置であって、
リザーバ及び前記リザーバを加熱するヒータを含む加湿器と、
前記ヒータと熱伝導して、前記ヒータの温度を読み取る温度センサと、
電源から前記ヒータに第1の電力を与えるように適合されたコントローラと、
を含み、前記コントローラは、
前記装置の使用中、システム状況を監視することと、
前記装置の通常動作の間監視されるシステム状況のうちの少なくとも幾つかを用いて前記リザーバ内に水がない可能性を、前記装置の通常動作の間の一次特定を用いて特定することと、
前記一次特定による水がない可能性の特定に続き、一次特定とは異なる二次特定に基づき、前記リザーバ内に水がない可能性を特定し、
前記二次特定は、
前記第1の電力とは異なる第2の電力を前記ヒータに適用し、
前記温度センサを用いて前記ヒータの温度を検出し、
前記ヒータの温度を、水が無い場合に前記ヒータに前記第2の電力を与えたときに生じる温度と比較することを含み、
さらに、前記二次特定によって水がないことを特定した後、前記ヒータに供給する電力を減らす、装置。
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